ground clearance TOYOTA HIGHLANDER 2001 Service Repair Manual

'05 HIGHLANDER_U (L/O 0409)
290
2005 HIGHLANDER from Nov. '04 Prod. (OM48570U)
This vehicle belongs to the utility ve-
hicle class, which has higher ground
clearance and narrower tread in relation
to the height of its center of gravity to
make it capable of performing in a wide
variety of off- road applications. Specific
design characteristics give it a higher
center of gravity than ordinary passen-
ger cars. This vehicle design feature
causes this type of vehicle to be more
likely to rollover. And, utility vehicles
have a significantly higher rollover rate
than other types of vehicles. An advan-
tage of the higher ground clearance is
a better view of the road allowing you
to anticipate problems. It is not de-
signed for cornering at the same
speeds as ordinary passenger cars any
more than low- slung sports cars de-
signed to perform satisfactorily under
off- road conditions. Therefore, sharp
turns at excessive speeds may cause
rollover.CAUTION
Always observe the following precau-
tions to minimize the risk of serious
personal injury or damage to your ve-
hicle:

In a rollover crash, an unbelted per-
son is significantly more likely to
die than a person wearing a seat
belt. Therefore, the driver and all
passengers should fasten their seat
belts whenever the vehicle is mov-
ing.

Avoid sharp turns or abrupt maneu-
vers, if at all possible. Failure to
operate this vehicle correctly may
result in loss of control or vehicle
rollover causing death or serious
injury.

Loading cargo on the roof luggage
carrier will make the center of the
vehicle gravity higher. Avoid high
speeds, sudden starts, sharp turns,
sudden braking or abrupt maneu-
vers, otherwise it may result in loss
of control or vehicle rollover due to
failure to operate this vehicle cor-
rectly.
Off- road vehicle precautions

'05 HIGHLANDER_U (L/O 0409)
344
2005 HIGHLANDER from Nov. '04 Prod. (OM48570U)
CAUTION
Never use oil or grease on the
bolts or nuts. The nuts may loose
and the wheels may fall off,
which could cause a serious ac-
cident.
5. Position the jack at the correct
jack point as shown.
Make sure the jack is positioned on
a level and solid place.6. After making sure that no one
is in the vehicle, raise it high
enough so that the spare tire
can be installed.
Remember you will need more ground
clearance when putting on the spare
tire than when removing the flat tire.
To raise the vehicle, insert the jack
handle into the jack (it is a loose fit)
and turn it clockwise. As the jack
touches the vehicle and begins to lift,
double- check that it is properly posi-
tioned.
ÐPositioning the jack ÐRaising your vehicle

'05 HIGHLANDER_U (L/O 0409)
350
2005 HIGHLANDER from Nov. '04 Prod. (OM48570U)
If towing is necessary, we recommend
you to have it done by your Toyota
dealer or a commercial tow truck ser-
vice. In consultation with them, have
your vehicle towed using either (a) or
(b).
Only when you cannot receive a towing
service from a Toyota dealer or com-
mercial tow truck service, tow your ve-
hicle carefully in accordance with the
instructions given in ÐEmergency tow-
ingº on page 351 in this Section.
Proper equipment will help ensure that
your vehicle is not damaged while being
towed. Commercial operators are generally
aware of the state/provincial and local
laws pertaining to towing.
Your vehicle can be damaged if it is
towed incorrectly. Although most operators
know the correct procedure, it is possible
to make a mistake. To avoid damage to
your vehicle, make sure the following pre-
cautions are observed. If necessary, show
this page to the tow truck driver.TOWING PRECAUTIONS:
Use a safety chain system for all towing,
and abide by the state/provincial and local
laws. The wheels and axle on the ground
must be in good condition. If they are
damaged, use a towing dolly.
Two- wheel drive modelsÐ
(a) Towing with wheel lift type truck
From frontÐRelease the parking brake.
NOTICE
When lifting wheels, take care to en-
sure adequate ground clearance for
towing at the opposite end of the
raised vehicle. Otherwise, the bumper
and/or underbody of the towed vehicle
will be damaged during towing.
From rearÐ
Use a towing dolly under the front wheels.
NOTICE
Never tow a vehicle from the rear
with the front wheels on the ground,
as this may cause serious damage to
the transmission.
(b) Using flat bed truck
Four- wheel drive modelsÐ
(a) Towing with wheel lift type truck
Use a towing dolly under the wheels not
lifted by the truck.
(b) Using flat bed truck

'05 HIGHLANDER_U (L/O 0409)
389
2005 HIGHLANDER from Nov. '04 Prod. (OM48570U)
REPLACING YOUR TIRES
When replacing a tire, use a tire of
the same size and construction,
and the same or greater maximum
load as the originally installed
tires. Also, on four- wheel drive
models, all the tires must be the
same brand and have the same
tread patterns.
Using any other size or type of tire
may seriously affect handling, ride,
speedometer/odometer calibration,
ground clearance, and clearance be-
tween the body and tires or snow
chains.
Check that the maximum load of the
replaced tire is greater than 1/2 of the
Gross Axle Weight Ratings (GAWR)
of either the front axle or the rear
axle, whichever is greater. As for the
maximum load of the tire, see the load
limit at maximum cold tire inflation
pressure mentioned on the sidewall
of the tire, and as for the Gross Axle
Weight Ratings (GAWR), see the Cer-
tification Label.For details about the side wall of the
tire and the Certification Label, see
pages 301 and 304.
CAUTION
Observe the following instruc-
tions. Otherwise, an accident
may occur resulting in death or
serious injuries.

Do not mix radial, bias belted,
or bias- ply tires on your ve-
hicle, as this may cause dan-
gerous handling characteris-
tics resulting in loss of control.

Do not use tires other than the
manufacturer's recommended
size, as this may cause danger-
ous handling characteristics
resulting in loss of control.

Four- wheel drive models:
Do not use tires of different
brands, sizes, construction or
tread patterns, as this may
cause dangerous handling
characteristics resulting in
loss of control.
Toyota recommends all four tires,
or at least both of the front or rear
tires be replaced at a time as a set.
See If you have a flat tireº on page
337 in Section 4 for tire change proce-
dure.
When a tire is replaced, the wheel
should always be balanced.
An unbalanced wheel may affect ve-
hicle handling and tire life. Wheels
can get out of balance with regular
use and should therefore be balanced
occasionally.
When replacing a tubeless tire, the
air valve should also be replaced
with a new one.

'05 HIGHLANDER_U (L/O 0409)
392
2005 HIGHLANDER from Nov. '04 Prod. (OM48570U)
CAUTION

Do not exceed 50 km/h (30 mph) or
the chain manufacturer 's recom-
mended speed limit, whichever is
lower.

Drive carefully avoiding bumps,
holes, and sharp turns, which may
cause the vehicle to bounce.

Avoid sharp turns or locked- wheel
braking, as use of chains may ad-
versely affect vehicle handling.

When driving with chains installed,
be sure to drive carefully. Slow
down before entering curves to
avoid losing control of the vehicle.
Otherwise an accident may occur.
WHEN TO REPLACE YOUR WHEELS
If you have wheel damage such as
bending, cracks or heavy corrosion, the
wheel should be replaced.
If you fail to replace a damaged wheel,
the tire may slip off the wheel or cause
loss of handling control.
WHEEL SELECTION
When replacing wheels, care should be
taken to ensure that the wheels are re-
placed by ones with the same load ca-
pacity, diameter, rim width, and offset.
Correct replacement wheels are available
at your Toyota dealer.
A wheel of a different size or type may
adversely affect handling, wheel and bear-
ing life, brake cooling, speedometer/odom-
eter calibration, stopping ability, headlight
aim, bumper height, vehicle ground clear-
ance, and tire or snow chain clearance to
the body and chassis.Replacement with used wheels is not rec-
ommended as they may have been sub-
jected to rough treatment or high mileage
and could fail without warning. Also, bent
wheels which have been straightened may
have structural damage and therefore
should not be used. Never use an inner
tube in a leaking wheel which is designed
for a tubeless tire.
CAUTION
Observe the following instructions.
Otherwise, an accident may occur re-
sulting in death or serious injuries.

Do not use wheels other than the
manufacturer 's recommended size,
as this may cause dangerous han-
dling characteristics resulting in
loss of control.

Four- wheel drive models:
Do not use wheels of different
brands, sizes and types, as this
may cause dangerous handling
characteristics resulting in loss of
control.
Replacing wheels

2005 HIGHLANDER (EWD592U)
8
B HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL
The ground points circuit diagram shows the connections from all major parts to the respective ground points. When
troubleshooting a faulty ground point, checking the system circuits which use a common ground may help you identify
the problem ground quickly. The relationship between ground points (
EA, IB and IC shown below) can also be
checked this way.
5
5
5
5
4
44
4
4 BA15IB18EA2
ID115
IC33 IA12 E 3
W-BW-B W-B W-B W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B W-B
W-B
W-B W-B
W-B
W-B W-B W-BW-B W-B W-B W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B W-B W-B
W-B
BR
W-B
BR BRW-BW-B W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B W-B W-B
W-B
W-B W-B
W-B
W-B
BR W-B
BR BR
BR W-B (4A-GZE)
W-B W-BI 2
I 2
B 5 I 5 I 5 I 5
B 5
B 5
B 5
I 5
I 5
I 3 I 3 E 3
E 3
E 3
E 2
E 4
E 5
E 4
E 5
E 6 E 4 E 4
B 4
EA I 4
B 4
B 4
I 4 I 8
IB IC 443E5
3E6 3G13 3F3 3D1 3B7W-B
W-B
W-B W-B W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B
W-B W-BI 6
I 6
I 2 3C7
10A A A A
A
A
Junction
Connector J 1
W-B
W-B
W-B W-B
BR W-B W-B
W-B
W-B W-B
W-B
I GROUND POINT
FAN MAIN Relay
FAN MAIN Relay
A/C Relay No.2
A/C Relay No.3
Radiator Fan Motor
Headlight Cleaner Relay
Headlight LH
Headlight RH
Front Fog Light LH
Brake Fluid Level SW Front Fog Light RH Front Turn Signal Light RH
Front Clearance Light RH
Front Turn Signal Light LH
Front Clearance Light LH
Door Lock Control SW
Door Courtesy SW RH
Door Lock Motor RH
Door Lock Control Relay
Blower Resistor
Idle-Up SW
A/C Amplifier
Radio and Player
HEATER Relay
Auto Antenna MotorA/C Control Assembly
Blower Motor
Blower SW
Parking Brake SW
Combination Meter
Combination SW
Cruise Control ECU
Remote Control Mirror SW
Turn Signal Flasher
Defogger SW
Unlock Warning SW
Power Window Master SW
Power Window Control
Relay
Door Courtesy SW LH
Door Lock Control SW
Door Lock Motor LH
Fuel Control SW
Woofer Speaker Amplifier
Combination Meter
Combination Meter
Fuel Sender Cigarette Lighter
O/D Main SW
Clock
Combination SW
*The system shown here is an EXAMPLE ONLY. It is different to the actual circuit shown in the SYSTEM CIRCUITS SECTION.

'05 HIGHLANDER_U (L/O 0409)
ix
2005 HIGHLANDER from Nov. '04 Prod. (OM48570U)
On- pavement and off- road
driving tips
This vehicle belongs to the utility vehicle class. Utility ve-
hicles have a significantly higher rollover rate than other
types of vehicles. This vehicle will handle and maneuver
differently from an ordinary passenger car because it is
designed for off- road use also. In addition, this vehicle
has a higher ground clearance and center of gravity than
that of an ordinary passenger car. This vehicle design fea-
ture causes this type of vehicle to be more likely to rol-
lover. Failure to operate this vehicle correctly may result in
loss of control, accidents or vehicle rollover causing death
or serious injury. Be sure to read Off- road vehicle precau-
tionsº on page 290 in Section 2 and Off- road driving pre-
cautionsº on page 320 in Section 3.
Leak detection pump
(2AZ- FE engine)
This pump performs fuel evaporation leakage check. This
check is done approximately five hours after the engine is
turned off. So you may hear sound coming from under-
neath the luggage compartment for several minutes. It
does not indicate a malfunction.