oil change TOYOTA HIGHLANDER 2001 Service Repair Manual

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Keep the back door closed while
driving. An open or unsealed back
door may cause exhaust gases to
be drawn into the vehicle.

To allow proper operation of your
vehicle's ventilation system, keep
the inlet grilles in front of the wind-
shield clear of snow, leaves, or oth-
er obstructions.

If you smell exhaust fumes in the
vehicle, drive with the windows
open and the back door closed.
Have the cause immediately located
and corrected.
FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE OIL
Engine oil has the primary functions of
lubricating and cooling the inside of the
engine, and plays a major role in main-
taining the engine in proper working order.
ENGINE OIL CONSUMPTION
It is normal that an engine should con-
sume some engine oil during normal
engine operation. The causes of oil
consumption in a normal engine are as
follows.

Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston
rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil
is left on the cylinder wall when a pis-
ton moves downwards in the cylinder.
High negative pressure generated when
the vehicle is decelerating sucks some
of this oil into the combustion chamber.
This oil as well as some part of the oil
film left on the cylinder wall is burned
by the high temperature combustion
gases during the combustion process.

Oil is also used to lubricate the stems
of the intake valves. Some of this oil
is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is
burned along with the fuel. High tem-
perature exhaust gases also burn the
oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve
stems.The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven under.
More oil is consumed by high- speed driv-
ing and frequent acceleration and decel-
eration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since
its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls
have not become conditioned.
Oil consumption: Max. 1.0 L per 1000
km (1.1 qt./600 miles, 0.9 Imp. qt./600
miles)
When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge
the true level accurately.
As an example, if a vehicle is used for
repeated short trips, and consumes a nor-
mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not
show any drop in the oil level at all, even
after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This
is because the oil is gradually becoming
diluted with fuel or moisture, making it
appear that the oil level has not changed.
The diluting ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an expressway, making it
appear that oil is excessively consumed
after driving at high speeds.
Facts about engine oil
consumption

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Power steering fluid level
Check the level through the reservoir. The
level should be in the HOTº or COLDº
range depending on the fluid temperature.
See page 385 in Section 7- 2 for addition-
al information.
Exhaust system
If you notice any change in the sound of
the exhaust or smell exhaust fumes, have
the cause located and corrected immedi-
ately. (See Engine exhaust cautionsº on
page 295 in Section 2.)
INSIDE THE VEHICLE
Items listed below should be checked
regularly, e.g. while performing periodic
services, cleaning the vehicle, etc.
Lights
Make sure the headlights, stop lights, tail
lights, turn signal lights, and other lights
are all working. Check headlight aim.
Service reminder indicators and warning
buzzers
Check that all service reminder indicators
and warning buzzers function properly.
Steering wheel
Check that it has the specified free play.
Be alert for changes in steering condition,
such as hard steering or strange noise.Seats
Check that all seat controls such as seat
adjusters, seatback recliner, etc. operate
smoothly and that all latches lock securely
in any position. Check that the head re-
straints move up and down smoothly and
that the locks hold securely in any latched
position. For folding- down rear seatbacks,
check that the latches lock securely.
Seat belts
Check that the seat belt system such as
buckles, retractors and anchors operate
properly and smoothly. Make sure the belt
webbing is not cut, frayed, worn or dam-
aged.
Accelerator pedal
Check the pedal for smooth operation and
uneven pedal effort or catching.
Brake pedal
Check the pedal for smooth operation and
that the pedal has the proper clearance.
Check the brake booster function.
Brakes
In a safe place, check that the brakes do
not pull to one side when applied.Parking brake
Check that the pedal has the proper travel
and that, on a safe incline, your vehicle
is held securely with only the parking
brake applied.
Automatic transmission Parkº mecha-
nism
Check the lock release button of the se-
lector lever for proper and smooth opera-
tion. On a safe incline, check that your
vehicle is held securely with the selector
lever in Pº position and all brakes re-
leased.
OUTSIDE THE VEHICLE
Items listed below should be performed
from time to time, unless otherwise
specified.
Fluid leaks
Check underneath for leaking fuel, oil, wa-
ter or other fluid after the vehicle has
been parked for a while. If you smell fuel
fumes or notice any leak, have the cause
found and corrected immediately.
Doors and engine hood
Check that all side doors and back door
operate smoothly and all latches lock se-
curely. Make sure the engine hood sec-
ondary latch secures the hood from open-
ing when the primary latch is released.

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Recommended oil viscosity:
SAE 5W- 30
Outside temperature
Please contact your Toyota dealer for fur-
ther details.COOLING SYSTEM
Total capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.):
2AZ- FE engine
With rear heater 7.7 (8.1, 6.8)
8.5 (9.0, 7.5)
*
Without rear heater
6.3 (6.7, 5.5)
7.1 (7.5, 6.2)
*
3MZ- FE engine
With rear heater 10.7 (11.3, 9.4)
11.4 (12.0, 10.0)
*
Without rear heater
9.4 (9.9, 8.3)
10.1 (10.7, 8.9)
*
*
: Vehicles with towing package
Coolant type:
Toyota Super Long Life Coolantº is
used in your Toyota vehicle at factory
fill. In order to avoid technical problems,
only use Toyota Super Long Life
Coolantº or similar high quality ethylene
glycol based non- silicate, non- amine,
non- nitrite, and non- borate coolant with
long- life hybrid organic acid technology.
(Coolant with long- life hybrid organic
acid technology is a combination of low
phosphates and organic acids.)
Do not use plain water alone.Please contact your Toyota dealer for
further details.
BATTERY
Open voltage
* at 20
C (68
F):
12.6Ð12.8V Fully charged
12.2Ð12.4V Half charged
11.8Ð12.0V Discharged
*: Voltage that is checked 20 minutes af-
ter the key is removed with all the lights
turned off
Charging rates:
5 A max.
AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE
Fluid capacity (drain and refill), L (qt.,
Imp. qt.):
Up to 3.5 (3.7, 3.1)
Fluid type:
Toyota Genuine ATF Type T- IV
Change automatic transmission fluid only
as necessary.

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Generally, it is necessary to change
automatic transmission fluid only if your
vehicle is driven under one of the Special
Operating Conditions listed in your
Scheduled Maintenance Guideº or
Owner 's Manual Supplementº. When
changing the automatic transmission fluid,
use only Toyota Genuine ATF Type T- IVº
(ATF JWS3309 or NWS6500) to aid in
assuring optimum transaxle performance.
Notice: Using automatic transmission
fluid other than Toyota Genuine ATF
Type T- IVº may cause deterioration in
shift quality, locking up of your trans-
mission accompanied by vibration, and
ultimately damage the automatic trans-
mission of your vehicle.
Please contact your Toyota dealer for fur-
ther details.
TRANSFER
(four- wheel drive models)
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.):
0.9 (1.0, 0.8)
Oil type:
Hypoid gear oil API GL- 5
Recommended oil viscosity:
Above -18
C (0
F)
SAE 90
Below -18
C (0
F)
SAE 80W or 80W- 90REAR DIFFERENTIAL
(four- wheel drive models)
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.):
0.9 (1.0, 0.8)
Oil type:
Hypoid gear oil API GL- 5
Recommended oil viscosity:
Above -18
C (0
F)
SAE 90
Below -18
C (0
F)
SAE 80W or 80W- 90
BRAKES
Minimum pedal clearance when depressed
with the force of 490 N (50 kgf, 110 lbf)
with the engine running, mm (in.):
83 (3.3)
Pedal free play, mm (in.):
2Ð3 (0.08Ð0.12)
Pad wear limit, mm (in.):
1.0 (0.04)
Lining wear limit, mm (in.):
1.0 (0.04)
Parking brake adjustment when depressed
with the force of 294 N (30 kgf, 66 lbf):
5Ð7 clicks
Fluid type:
SAE J1703 or FMVSS No.116 DOT 3STEERING
Wheel free play:
Less than 30 mm (1.2 in.)
Power steering fluid type:
Automatic transmission fluid DEXRONII
or III

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Be careful not to bend the electrode
when inserting the transmitter bat-
tery and that dust or oils do not
adhere to the transmitter case.

Close the transmitter case securely.
After replacing the battery, check that the
transmitter operates properly. If the trans-
mitter still does not operate properly, con-
tact your Toyota dealer.
LOCKING AND UNLOCKING WITH KEY
Insert the key into the keyhole and turn
it.
To lock: Turn the key forward.
To unlock: Turn the key backward.
All the side doors and back door lock and
unlock simultaneously with either front
door. In the driver 's door lock, turning the
key once will unlock the driver's door and
twice in succession will unlock all the side
doors and back door simultaneously.
This double key turning operation to un-
lock all the side doors and back door can
be changed to a single key turning opera-
tion. For details, contact your Toyota deal-
er.When all the side doors and back door
are unlocked simultaneously using a key,
the center interior light, personal lights
and ignition switch light will come on and
remain on for about 15 seconds before
fading out. (For further information, see
Interior lightsº on page 124, Personal
lightsº on page 125 and Ignition switch
lightº on page 126 in Section 1- 5.)
The driver 's window can be opened or
closed with the key operation in the driv-
er 's door keyhole. (For details, see Power
windowsº on page 27 in this Section.)
Side doors

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YOUR RADIO ANTENNA
Your vehicle has the mast type antenna or
on- glass antenna printed on the inside of
the rear quarter window.
Mast type antennaÐTo remove an anten-
na, carefully turn it counterclockwise.
NOTICE

Mast type antenna:
To prevent damage to the antenna,
make sure it is removed before
driving your Toyota through an au-
tomatic car wash.

On- glass antenna:
Attaching the film (especially con-
ductive or metallic type) on the rear
glass will noticeably reduce the
sensitivity of the radio.
YOUR CASSETTE PLAYER
When you insert a cassette, the exposed
tape should face to the right.
NOTICE
Do not oil any part of the player and
do not insert anything other than cas-
sette tapes into the slot, or the tape
player may be damaged.
YOUR COMPACT DISC PLAYER (type 1)
When you insert a disc, gently push it in
with the label side up. The player will play
from track 1 through to the end of the
disc. Then it will play from track 1 again.
NOTICE
Never try to disassemble or oil any
part of the compact disc player. Do
not insert anything other than com-
pact discs into the slot.
8 cm (3 in.) compact disc singles
Your compact disc player does not need
an adaptor to play compact disc singles.
Compact disc singles are about 8 cm (3
in.) in diameter- smaller than standard
discs.
After you eject a compact disc single, do
not insert a standard 12 cm (4.7 in.) disc
until DISCº disappears from the display.
NOTICE
Do not use an adaptor for compact
disc singles
Ðit could cause tracking
errors or interfere with the ejection of
compact discs.
YOUR COMPACT DISC PLAYER WITH
CHANGER (type 2)
When you insert a disc, push the LOADº
button and gently push the disc in with
the label side up. This compact disc play-
er can store up to six discs. The player
will play from track 1 through to the end
of the disc. Then it will play from track
1 of the next disc.
The player is intended for use with 12 cm
(4.7 in.) discs only.

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NOTICE

Do not stack up two discs for in-
sertion, or it will cause damage to
the compact disc changer. Insert
only one compact disc into slot at
a ti me.

Never try to disassemble or oil any
part of the compact disc player. Do
not insert anything except a com-
pact disc into the slot.

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NOTICE

Be careful not to spill engine oil on
the vehicle components.

Avoid overfilling, or the engine
could be damaged.

Check the oil level on the dipstick
once again after adding the oil.
ENGINE OIL SELECTION
Toyota Genuine Motor Oilº is used in
your Toyota vehicle. Use Toyota approved
Toyota Genuine Motor Oilº or equivalent
to satisfy the following grade and
viscosity.
Oil grade:
API grade SL Energy- Conservingº or
ILSAC multigrade engine oil
Recommended viscosity:
SAE 5W- 30
Outside temperature
SAE 5W- 30 is the best choice for good
fuel economy and good starting in cold
weather.
If SAE 5W- 30 is not available, SAE
10W- 30 may be used. However, it
should be replaced with SAE 5W- 30 at
the next oil change.

BR3583
BR3582F00010
RotorSpeed Sensor
Magnet
To ECU
+V
-VHigh Speed
Low Speed
CoilNS
05-788
- DIAGNOSTICSABS WITH EBD & BA & TRAC & VSC SYSTEM
978 Author
: Date
:
DTC C0200/31 RIGHT FRONT SPEED SENSOR
DTC C0205/32 LEFT FRONT SPEED SENSOR
DTC C1235/35 FOREIGN MATTER IS ATTACHED ON TIP OF
RIGHT FRONT SENSOR
DTC C1236/36 FOREIGN MATTER IS ATTACHED ON TIP OF
LEFT FRONT SENSOR
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The speed sensor detects wheel speed and sends the ap-
propriate signals to the ECU. These signals are used to control
the ABS control system. The front and rear rotors have 48
serrations each.
When the rotors rotate, the magnetic field emitted by the perma-
nent magnet in the speed sensor generates AC voltage. Since
the frequency of this AC voltage changes in direct proportion to
the speed of the rotor, the frequency is used by the ECU to de-
tect the speed of each wheel.

DTC No.DTC Detecting ConditionTrouble Area
C0200/31
C0205/32
(1) All the following conditions continues for at least 1 se-
cond.

Vehicle speed is more than 6 mph (10 km/h).

Open or short in vehicle speed sensor signal circuit of
faulty wheel continues for 1 second or more.
(2) Momentary interruption of the sensor signal of faulty
wheel has occurred 7 times or more.
(3) Sensor signal circuit is open for 0.5 seconds.

Right front and left front speed sensor

Each speed sensor circuit

Sensor rotor

Sensor installation
C1235/35
C1236/36All the following conditions for at least 5 seconds.

Vehicle speed is more than 12 mph (20 km/h).

Vehicle speed sensor signal receives.
Right front and left front speed sensor

Each speed sensor

Sensor installation
HINT:

DTC C0200/31 and C1235/35 are for the right front speed sensor.

DTC C0205/32 and C1236/36 are for the left front speed sensor.
05F1P-08

- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
05-61
251 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P0011 CAMSHAFT POSITION ºAº -TIMING OVER-
ADVANCED OR SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
(BANK 1)
DTC P0012 CAMSHAFT POSITION ºAº -TIMING OVER-
RETARDED (BANK 1)
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Refer to DTC P0010 on page 05-55.
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0011
After engine is warmed up and engine speed is at 550 to 4,000
rpm, condition (a) continues (1 trip detection logic)
(a) Valve timing does not change from current valve timing
(Problem of advanced valve timing)
Valve timing

OCV

VVT controller assembly

ECM
P0012
After engine is warmed up and engine speed is at 550 to 4,000
rpm, condition (a) continues (2 trip detection logic)
(a) Valve timing does not change from current valve timing
(Problem of retarded valve timing)

Same as DTC No. P0011
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The ECM optimizes the valve timing using the Variable Valve Timing (VVT) system to control the intake valve
camshaft. The VVT system includes the ECM, the Oil Control Valve (OCV) and the VVT controller. The ECM
sends a target duty-cycle control signal to the OCV. This control signal, sent to the OCV, regulates the oil
pressure applied to the VVT controller. The VVT controller can advance or retard the intake valve camshaft.
Example:
A DTC will be set if: 1) the difference between the ºtargetº and ºactualº valve timing is more than 5 degrees
of the camshaft angle (CA) and the condition continues for more than 4.5 seconds; or 2) the OCV is forcibly
activated 63 times or more.
Advanced cam DTCs are subject to º1 tripº detection logic.
Retarded cam DTCs are subject to º2 tripº detection logic.
MONITOR STRATEGY
Related DTCsP0011: Advanced camshaft timing
P0012: Retarded camshaft timing
Required sensors / components (Main)VVT OCV and VVT Actuators
Required sensors / components (Related)CKP, CMP and ECT sensors
Frequency of operationOnce per driving cycle
DurationWithin 10 sec.
MIL operationP0011: Immediate
P0012: 2 driving cycles
Sequence of operationNone
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
The monitor will run whenever these DTCs are not presentSee page 05-16
Battery voltage11 V or more
Throttle position learningCompleted
Engine RPM550 to 4,000 rpm
ECT75 to 100C (167 to 212F)
05ESU-05