heating TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 1998 Factory Repair Manual

AC2810
AC1HK-04
AC2811
N11084
Wrong Okay
HI LO HILO
- AIR CONDITIONINGAIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
AC-1
2726 Author
: Date
:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
PRECAUTION
1. DO NOT HANDLE REFRIGERANT IN AN ENCLOSED
AREA OR NEAR AN OPEN FLAME
2. ALWAYS WEAR SAFETY GLASSES FOR EYE
PROTECTION
3. AVOID YOUR EYES AND SKIN TO CONTACT WITH
LIQUID REFRIGERANT
If you get the liquid refrigerant in your eyes or on your skin:
(a) Wash out the area with lots of cold water.
CAUTION:
Do not rub your eyes or skin.
(b) Apply clean petroleum jelly to the skin.
(c) Go immediately to a physician or hospital for professional
treatment.
4. NEVER HEAT CONTAINER OR EXPOSE IT TO NAKED
FLAME
5. DO NOT DROP CONTAINER NOR APPLY PHYSICAL
SHOCKS TO IT.
6. DO NOT OPERATE COMPRESSOR WITHOUT
ENOUGH REFRIGERANT IN REFRIGERANT SYSTEM
If there is not enough refrigerant in the refrigerant system, oil lu-
brication will be insufficient and compressor burnout may occur.
To avoid this, always keep enough refrigerant in the refrigerant
system.
7. DO NOT OPEN HIGH PRESSURE MANIFOLD VALVE
WHILE COMPRESSOR IS OPERATING
If the high pressure valves opened, refrigerant flows in the re-
verse direction and could cause the charging cylinder to rup-
ture, so open and close the only low pressure valve.
8. DO NOT OVERCHARGE REFRIGERANT SYSTEM
WITH REFRIGERANT
If refrigerant is overcharged, it causes problems such as insuffi-
cient cooling, poor fuel economy, engine overheating etc.

- DIAGNOSTICSENGINE
DI-51
244 Author
: Date
:
DTC No.DTC Detecting ConditionTrouble Area
P0031
P0037
Heater current is 0.25 A or less when the heater operates with

Open in heater circuit of heated oxygen sensor

Heated ox
ygen sensor heaterP0037
P0051
P0057
Heater current is 0.25 A or less when the heater o erates with
more than 10.5 V positive battery voltage

Heated oxygen sensor heater

EFI or ECD relay

ECM
P0032
P0038
P0052
P0058
When heater operates, heater current exceeds 2.0 A

Short in heater circuit of heated oxygen sensor

Heated oxygen sensor heater

EFI or ECD relay

ECM
HINT:

Bank 1 refers to bank the includes cylinder No. 1.

Bank 2 refers to bank that does not includes cylinder No. 1.

Sensor 1 refers to the sensor closer to the engine assembly.

Sensor 2 refers to the sensor farther away from the engine assembly.
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The sensing portion of the heated oxygen sensor has a zirconia element which is used to detect oxygen
concentration in the exhaust. If the zirconia element is at the proper temperature and difference of the oxy-
gen concentration between the inside and outside surface of sensor is large, the zirconia element will gener-
ate voltage signals. In order to increase the oxygen concentration detecting capacity in the zirconia element,
the ECM supplements the heat from the exhaust with heat from a heating element inside the sensor. When
current in the sensor is out of the standard operating range, the ECM interprets this as a fault in the heated
oxygen sensor and sets a DTC.
Example:
The ECM will set a high current DTC if the current in the sensor is more than 2.0 A when the heater is OFF.
Similarly, the ECM will set a low current DTC if the current is less than 0.25 A when the heater is ON.

DI-52
- DIAGNOSTICSENGINE
245 Author
: Date
:
MONITOR STRATEGY
P0031Heated oxygen sensor heater current bank 1
sensor 1 (Low current)
P0032Heated oxygen sensor heater current bank 1
sensor 1 (High current)
P0037Heated oxygen sensor heater current bank 1
sensor 2 (Low current)
P0038Heated oxygen sensor heater current bank 1
sensor 2 (High current)
Related DTCs
P0051Heated oxygen sensor heater current bank 2
sensor 1 (Low current)
P0052Heated oxygen sensor heater current bank 2
sensor 1 (High current)
P0057Heated oxygen sensor heater current bank 2
sensor 2 (Low current)
P0058Heated oxygen sensor heater current bank 2
sensor 2 (High current)
Rid / tMain sensors/componentsHeated oxygen sensorRequired sensors/componentsRelated sensors/componentsVehicle speed sensor
Frequency of operationContinuous
Duration0.3 sec.
MIL tiP0031, P0037, P0051, P0057: 1 driving cycleMIL operationP0032, P0038, P0052, P0058: Immediate
Sequence of operationNone
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
ItSpecificationItemMinimumMaximum
The monitor will run whenever the follow-
ing DTCs are not presentSee ºList of disable a monitorº (on page DI-3)
P0031, P0037, P0051, P0057 (Low current):
Either of the following conditions is met:A or B
A. Following conditions are met:1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
1. Time after engine start250 sec.500 sec.
2. Battery voltage10.5 V-
3. Vehicle speed-90 km/h (56 mph)
4. MisfireNot detected
5. Pass/Fail detection in this driving cycleNot detected
B. Following conditions are met:1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
1. Time after engine start500 sec.-
2. Battery voltage10.5 V-
3. Vehicle speed40 km/h (25 mph)-
4. MisfireNot detected
5. Pass/Fail detection in this driving cycleNot detected
P0032, P0038, P0052, P0058 (High current):
Intrusive heating is OFF

- DIAGNOSTICSENGINE
DI-53
246 Author
: Date
:
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
Detection CriteriaThreshold
P0031, P0037, P0051, P0057 (Low current):
Heated oxygen sensor heater currentLess than 0.25 A (at 0.3 sec. after heater ºONº)
P0032, P0038, P0052, P0058 (High current):
Heated oxygen sensor heater currentMore than 2.0 A (while intrusive heating is OFF)
COMPONENT OPERATING RANGE
ParameterStandard Value
Heated oxygen sensor heater current under the following
conditions:
(a) Engine has been warmed up
(b) Engine is idling
(c) Battery voltage is 11 to 14 V
0.4 to 1.0 A
MONITOR RESULT
The detailed information is described in CHECKING MONITOR STATUSº (see page DI-3).

TID (Test Identification) is assigned to each emission-related component.

TLT (Test Limit Type):
If TLT is 0, the component is malfunctioning when the test value is higher than the test limit.
If TLT is 1, the component is malfunctioning when the test value is lower than the test limit.

CID (Component Identification) is assigned to each test value.

Unit Conversion is used to calculate the test value indicated on generic OBD scan tools.
TID $04: HO2S Heater
TLTCIDUnit ConversionDescription of Test ValueDescription of Test Limit
1$01Multiply by 0.000076 (A)Maximum HO2S heater current (bank 1 sensor 1)Malfunction criterion
1$02Multiply by 0.000076 (A)Maximum HO2S heater current (bank 1 sensor 2)Malfunction criterion
1$10Multiply by 0.000076 (A)Maximum HO2S heater current (bank 2 sensor 1)Malfunction criterion
1$20Multiply by 0.000076 (A)Maximum HO2S heater current (bank 2 sensor 2)Malfunction criterion

A20806
Rich
Lean 0.55
0.45
0.40
Oxygen sensor output voltage (V)
PASS
FAILFAIL
FAIL
Pass / Fail definition of voltage malfunction
Time
- DIAGNOSTICSENGINE
DI-107
300 Author
: Date
:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The ECM uses the heated oxygen sensor information to regulate the air-fuel ratio close to a stoichiometric
ratio. This maximizes the catalytic converter's ability to purify the exhaust gas. The sensor detects oxygen
levels in the exhaust gas and sends this signal to the ECM.
The inner surface of the sensor element is exposed to outside air. The outer surface of the sensor element
is exposed to exhaust gas. The sensor element is made of platinum coated zirconia and includes an inte-
grated heating element. The heated oxygen sensor has the characteristic whereby its output voltage
changes suddenly in the vicinity of the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. The heated oxygen sensor generates
output voltage between 0 V and 1.0 V in response to the oxygen concentration in exhaust gas. When the
output voltage of the heated oxygen sensor is 0.55 V or more, the ECM judges that the air-fuel ratio is RICH.
When it is 0.4 V or less, the ECM judges that the air-fuel ratio is LEAN.
Under normal condition, the output voltage from the heated oxygen sensor alternates RICH and LEAN sides
periodically. If the heated oxygen sensor outputs RICH signal (or LEAN signal) constantly, or if the heated
oxygen sensor cannot output enough voltage to reach the minimum specification, the ECM interprets this
as a malfunction in the heated oxygen sensor and sets a DTC.
MONITOR STRATEGY
P0130Front heated oxygen sensor voltage is constant
at lean side or rich side (Bank 1)
P0150Front heated oxygen sensor voltage is constant
at lean side or rich side (Bank 2)
P2195Front heated oxygen sensor voltage is constant
at lean side (Bank 1)
Related DTCs
P2196Front heated oxygen sensor voltage is constant
at rich side (Bank 1)
P2197Front heated oxygen sensor voltage is constant
at lean side (Bank 2)
P2198Front heated oxygen sensor voltage is constant
at rich side (Bank 2)
Rid / tMain sensors/componentsFront heated oxygen senorRequired sensors/componentsRelated sensors/componentsCrank position sensor, Vehicle speed sensor
Frequency of operationOnce per drive cycle
Duration20 to 36 sec. x (3 times)
MIL operation2 driving cycles
Sequence of operationNone

A20599
0.55
0.40
Oxygen sensor output voltage (V)
Lean to Rich / Rich to Lean time definition
Time Lean to Rich time Rich to Lean time
Rich
Lean Slow slope condition
A20600
Frequency Condition
One Cycle
Rich side frequency
Lean side frequency O2 Sensor Voltage
0.45 V DI-1 18
- DIAGNOSTICSENGINE
311 Author
: Date
:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The ECM uses the heated oxygen sensor information to regulate the air-fuel ratio close to a stoichiometric
ratio. This maximizes the catalytic converter's ability to purify the exhaust gases. The sensor detects oxygen
levels in the exhaust gas and sends this signal to the ECM.
The inner surface of the sensor element is exposed to outside air. The outer surface of the sensor element
is exposed to exhaust gas. The sensor element is made of platinum coated zirconia and includes an inte-
grated heating element. The heated oxygen sensor has the characteristic whereby its output voltage
changes suddenly in the vicinity of the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. The heated oxygen sensor generates
waveforms of a voltage between 0 V and 1 V in response to the oxygen concentration in exhaust gas. When
the output voltage of the heated oxygen sensor is 0.55 V or more, the ECM judges that the air-fuel ratio is
RICH. When it is 0.40 V or less, the ECM judges that the air-fuel ratio is LEAN.
The ECM monitors the response feature of the heated oxygen sensor. If the response time of the heated
oxygen sensor output status change from RICH to LEAN or vice versa becomes longer, the ECM interprets
this as a malfunction in the heated oxygen sensor and sets a DTC.

2004 LAND CRUISER (EWD548U)
18E GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND SYMBOLS
BATTERY
Stores chemical energy and
converts it into electrical energy.
Provides DC current for the auto's
various electrical circuits.GROUND
The point at which wiring attaches to
the Body, thereby providing a return
path for an electrical circuit; without a
ground, current cannot flow.
CAPACITOR (Condenser)
A small holding unit for temporary
storage of electrical voltage.HEADLIGHTS
Current flow causes a headlight
filament to heat up and emit light. A
headlight may have either a single
(1) filament or a double (2) filament
1. SINGLE
FILAMENT
CIGARETTE LIGHTER
An electric resistance heating
element.2. DOUBLE
FILAMENT
CIRCUIT BREAKER
Basically a reusable fuse, a circuit
breaker will heat and open if too
much current flows through it.
Some units automatically reset when
cool, others must be manually reset.HORN
An electric device which sounds a
loud audible signal.
DIODE
A semiconductor which allows
current flow in only one direction.IGNITION COIL
Converts low-voltage DC current
into high-voltage ignition current for
firing the spark plugs.
DIODE, ZENERA diode which allows current flow in one
direction but blocks reverse flow only up
to a specific voltage. Above that potential,
it passes the excess voltage. This acts as
a simple voltage regulator.LIGHT
Current flow through a filament
causes the filament to heat up and
emit light.
PHOTODIODE
The photodiode is a semiconductor
which controls the current flow
according to the amount of light.LED (LIGHT EMITTING DIODE)
Upon current flow, these diodes emit
light without producing the heat of a
comparable light.
DISTRIBUTOR, IIA
Channels high-voltage current from
the ignition coil to the individual
spark plugs.METER, ANALOG
Current flow activates a magnetic
coil which causes a needle to move,
thereby providing a relative display
against a background calibration.
FUSEA thin metal strip which burns through
when too much current flows through it,
thereby stopping current flow and
protecting a circuit from damage.
FUSIBLE LINK
METER, DIGITAL
Current flow activates one or many
LED's, LCD's, or fluorescent
displays, which provide a relative or
digital display.
FUEL
FUSIBLE LINK
A heavy-gauge wire placed in high
amperage circuits which burns through on
overloads, thereby protecting the circuit.
The numbers indicate the crosssection
surface area of the wires.(for Medium Current Fuse)
(for High Current Fuse or
Fusible Link)MOTOR
A power unit which converts
electrical energy into mechanical
energy, especially rotary motion.
M

B04205
Conditions
Towing Method
1. Flat Bed TruckParking Brake
Any Position
2. Wheel Lift Type TruckAppliedTransmission Shift Lever
Position
Applied
From RearAny Position From Front
B04206
NO


NOIf this towing method is used, either from the front or rear:
Never tow the vehicle using a method where the lifted-up wheel
cannot rotate.
Do not use the sling type towing method, either from the front or rear,
as this method causes damage to the body. (a) There is a danger of the drive train heating up and causing break-
down, or of the wheels flying off the dolly.
(b) In addition, if the vehicle is equipped with the Vehicle Skid Control
(VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system, the system will apply the
rotating wheels brake unless the engine isn't shut off.
- INTRODUCTIONFOR ALL OF VEHICLES
IN-23
23 Author
: Date
:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
5. WHEN TOWING FULL-TIME 4WD VEHICLES
Use one of the methods shown below to tow the vehicle.
If the vehicle has trouble in the chassis and drive train, use method 1 (flat bed truck).
NOTICE:
Do not use any towing method other than those shown above.
For example, the towing methods shown below are dangerous or damage the vehicle, so do not use
them.