trailer VOLVO S90 2018 Owner´s Manual

||
STARTING AND DRIVING
426
Slippery driving conditionsFor optimal traction and roadholding, Volvo rec- ommends using snow tires on all wheels when-ever there is a risk of snow or ice on the road.
NOTE
Certain countries require use of winter tires by law. Not all countries permit the use ofstudded tires.
Practice driving on slippery surfaces under con- trolled conditions to learn how the vehicle reacts.
Related information
•Snow tires (p. 529)
• Snow chains (p. 529)
• Braking on salted roads (p. 401)
• Braking on wet roads (p. 400)
• Filling washer fluid (p. 606)
• Start battery (p. 573)
• Replacing windshield wiper blades (p. 604)
• Refilling coolant (p. 562)
Driving through standing water
Driving the vehicle through a deep pool of stand- ing water on a water-covered roadway is calledfording. This must be done with great caution.
The vehicle can be driven through water up to a depth of 25 cm (9.8 in) at no more than walkingspeed. Be particularly careful when drivingthrough flowing water. When driving through standing water, drive slowly and do not stop the vehicle. When you havepassed the water, press lightly on the brake pedaland check that the brakes are functioning prop-erly. Water, mud, slush, etc. can make the brakelinings slippery, resulting in delayed brakingeffect.
• If the vehicle is equipped with contacts for anelectric heater or trailer coupling, clean theseafter driving in water or mud.
• Do not allow the vehicle to stand in water upto the sills any longer than absolutely neces-sary. This could result in electrical malfunc-tions.
CAUTION
• Engine damage could occur if water enters the air cleaner.
• If water enters the transmission, the lubri-cating ability of the oils is reduced andthe service life of these systems is short-ened.
• Damage to any component, engine,transmission, turbocharger, differential orits internal components caused by flood-ing, vapor lock or insufficient oil is notcovered under warranty.
• If the engine stalls while the vehicle is inwater, do not attempt to restart it. Havethe vehicle towed out of the water to aworkshop. An authorized Volvo workshopis recommended. Risk of engine failure.
Related information
• Recovery (p. 437)

||
STARTING AND DRIVING
430
NOTE
When switching to higher octane fuel or changing gasoline brands, it may be neces-sary to fill the tank more than once before adifference in engine operation is noticeable.
Fuel FormulationsDo not use gasoline that contains lead or manga- nese as a knock inhibitor, and do not use leadadditives. Besides damaging the exhaust emis-sion control systems on your vehicle, lead hasbeen strongly linked to certain forms of cancer. Many fuels contain benzene as a solvent. Unburned benzene has been strongly linked tocertain forms of cancer. If you live in an areawhere you must fill your own gas tank, take pre-cautions. These may include: •standing upwind away from the filler nozzle while refueling
• refueling only at gas stations with vaporrecovery systems that fully seal the mouth ofthe filler neck during refueling
• wearing neoprene gloves while handling afuel filler nozzle.
Use of AdditivesWith the exception of gas line antifreeze duringwinter months, do not add solvents, thickeners, or other store-bought additives to your vehicle'sfuel, cooling, or lubricating systems. Overuse maydamage your engine, and some of these additivescontain organically volatile chemicals. Do notneedlessly expose yourself to these chemicals.
WARNING
Never carry a cell phone that is
switched on
while refueling your vehicle. If the phone rings, this may cause a spark that could ignite gaso-line fumes, resulting in fire and injury.
WARNING
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous, colorless, and odorless gas. It is present in all exhaustgases. If you ever smell exhaust fumes insidethe vehicle, make sure the passenger com-partment is ventilated, and immediately returnthe vehicle to a trained and qualified Volvoservice technician for correction.
Demanding drivingIn demanding driving conditions, e.g. when driving in a hot climates, driving with a trailer or drivingfor longer periods at higher altitudes (mountainlandscapes) than normal, it is recommended switching to a higher octane fuel than AKI 91 7
or
changing gasoline brand to take full advantage of your car's engine capacity and obtain the opti-mum driving force.
Related information
• Fuel (p. 428)
• Emission controls (p. 431)
7
AKI (Anti Knock Index) is an average value of RON (Research Octane Number) and MON (Motor Octane Number) - (RON)+(MON)/2

WHEELS AND TIRES
536
Determining the vehicle's permittedweight
Properly loading your vehicle will provide maxi- mum return of vehicle design performance.
Weight designationsBefore loading your vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms for determining yourvehicle's weight ratings, with or without a trailer,from the vehicle's Federal/Canadian Motor Vehi-cle Safety Standards (FMVSS/CMVSS) label, andthe vehicle's tire information placard:
Curb weight
The weight of the vehicle including a full tank of fuel and all standard equipment. It does notinclude passengers, cargo, or optional equipment.
Capacity weight
All weight added to the curb weight, including cargo and optional equipment. When towing, tow-bar weight is also part of cargo weight.
Permissible axle weight
The maximum allowable weight that can be car- ried by a single axle (front or rear). These num-bers are shown on the Federal/Canadian MotorVehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS/CMVSS) label.The total load on each axle must never exceed itsmaximum permissible weight.
Gross vehicle weight (GVW)
The vehicle's curb weight + cargo + passengers.
Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit
1. Locate the statement "the combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs." on your vehicle's plac-ard.
2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in yourvehicle.
3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs.
4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity.For example, if the "XXX" amount equals1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. pas-sengers in your vehicle, the amount of availa-ble cargo and luggage load capacity is 650lbs. (1400 - 750 (5 × 150) = 650 lbs.)
5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. Thatweight may not safely exceed the availablecargo and luggage load capacity calculatedin Step 4.
6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to yourvehicle. Consult this manual to determinehow this reduces the available cargo and lug-gage load capacity of your vehicle.
WARNING
• Exceeding the permissible axle weight, gross vehicle weight, or any other weightrating limits can cause tire overheatingresulting in permanent deformation orcatastrophic failure.
• Do not use replacement tires with lowerload carrying capacities than the tires thatwere original equipment on the vehiclebecause this will lower the vehicle's GVWrating. Use only tires with the correct loadcarrying capacity. Consult your Volvoretailer for information.
Related information
• Loading recommendations (p. 543)

SPECIFICATIONS
616
Towing capacity and tongue weightTowing capacity and tongue weight are shown in the tables below.
Category
USA
(lbs)Canada(kg)
Max. trailer weights Without brakes: 1650 750 With brakes:
2000 900
Max. tongue weight 200 90
CAUTION
•The maximum trailer weights listed are only applicable for altitudes up to 3280 ft(1,000 m) above sea level. With increas-ing altitude the engine power and there-fore the car's climbing ability are impairedbecause of the reduced air density, sothe maximum trailer weight has to bereduced accordingly. The weight of thecar and trailer must be reduced by 10%for every further 3280 ft (1,000 m) (orpart thereof).
Related information
•
Type designations (p. 610)
• Weights (p. 615)

INDEX
626Daytime running lights 152 Decals
location of 610
Defrosting 217
Detection of cyclist 328
Dimensions 613
Dipstick, electronic 560
Direction of rotation 510
Disengaging the shiftlock 411
Display lighting 162
Distance Alert 280, 281, 282 limitations 283
DivX ®
470
Door mirrors 171, 173 compass 441
dimming 172
outer 171, 173
power folding 173
resetting 173
Driveline transmission 407
Drive mode 413 changing 415
Driver Alert Control 351 operation 352, 353
Driver Alert Control limitations 353
Driver performance 88, 89
Driver profile 135 edit 137
select 136
Driver support system 262 Driving cooling system 431
Driving economy 424
Driving through standing water 426 driving with a trailer towball load 616
towing capacity 616
E
ECO climate 415
ECO mode 415activate with function button 417
Economical driving 415, 424
Electrical outlet 539 use 540
Electrical system 573
Electric parking brake 401
Electronic immobilizer 242
emergency brake lights 159
Emission inspection readiness 548
Engine overheating 431
start 394
Start/Stop 418
turn off 396
Engine compartment coolant 562
engine oil 559
overview 559
Engine drag control 264
Engine oil 559 filling 560
filter 559
grade and volume 618
Engine shutdown 396
Engine specifications 617 Engine temperature high 431
Environment 27Error messages Adaptive Cruise Control 298
see Messages and symbols 298, 313
Error messages in BLIS 341 Ethanol content max. 10% by volume 428
Exterior dimensions 613