brake sensor VOLVO S90 TWIN ENGINE 2020 User Guide

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DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
288
WARNING
The function is supplementary driver support intended to facilitate drivingand help make it safer – it cannot han-dle all situations in all traffic, weatherand road conditions.
The driver is advised to read all sec-tions in the Owner's Manual about thisfunction to learn of its limitations,which the driver must be aware ofbefore using the function.
Driver support functions are not a sub-stitute for the driver's attention andjudgment. The driver is always respon-sible for ensuring the vehicle is drivenin a safe manner, at the appropriatespeed, with an appropriate distance toother vehicles, and in accordance withcurrent traffic rules and regulations.
Pilot Assist regulates speed by acceleratingand braking. It is normal for the brakes to emita slight sound when they are being used toadjust speed. Pilot Assist attempts to smoothly regulate speed. The driver must apply the brakes in sit-uations requiring immediate braking. Forexample, when there are great differences in speed between vehicles or if the vehicle aheadbrakes suddenly. Due to limitations in the camera and radar sensor, braking may occur unexpectedly or not at all. Pilot Assist attempts to follow a vehicle ahead in the same lane and maintain a time intervalto that vehicle set by the driver. If the radarsensor does not detect a vehicle ahead, it willinstead maintain the speed set by the driver.This will also happen if the speed of the vehi-cle ahead exceeds the set speed for your vehi-cle.
CAUTION
Only a workshop may perform mainte- nance on driver support components – anauthorized Volvo workshop is recom-mended.
In curves and forks in the roadPilot Assist is designed to interact with the driver. The driver should never wait for steer-ing assistance from Pilot Assist, but insteadshould always be ready to increase his or herown steering efforts, particularly in curves.
When the vehicle is approaching an off-ramp or a fork in the road, the drivershould steer toward the desired lane toindicate to Pilot Assist the desired direc-tion of travel.
Pilot Assist strives to keep the vehicle in the center of the lane
When Pilot Assist provides steering assis- tance, it strives to position the vehicle in thecenter of the lane between the lane markings.To make the driving experience as smooth aspossible, the driver should permit the vehicleto find good positioning. The driver shouldcheck that the vehicle is positioned safely inthe lane and can always adjust the vehicle'sposition by applying more force to the steeringwheel. If Pilot Assist does not position the vehicle appropriately in the lane, the driver shouldturn off Pilot Assist or switch to Adaptive Cruise Control
*.
Hands on the steering wheelPilot Assist only functions if the driver's hands are on the steering wheel.
If Pilot Assist detects that thedriver's hands are not on thesteering wheel, a symbol andtext message will appear toinstruct the driver to activelysteer the vehicle.
If the driver's hands are still not detected on the steering wheel after a few seconds havepassed, the instructions to actively steer thevehicle will be repeated, accompanied by anaudible signal.

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
292
Pilot Assist *38
standby mode
Pilot Assist can be deactivated and put in standby mode. This may happen automati-cally or be due to driver intervention.
Standby mode means that the function is selected in the instrument panel but not acti-vated. In standby mode, Pilot Assist will notregulate the speed or distance to the vehicleahead or provide steering assistance.
Standby mode due to action by the
driver
Pilot Assist will be deactivated and put instandby mode if any of the following occurs:
The brakes are applied.
The gear selector is moved to
N.
A turn signal is used for more than1 minute.
The vehicle is driven faster than the setspeed for more than 1 minute.
Automatic standby modePilot Assist is dependent on other systems, such as Electronic Stability Control (ESC 39
). If
any of these other systems stops working, Pilot Assist will be automatically deactivated.
WARNING
With automatic standby mode, the driver is warned by an acoustic signal and a mes-sage on the instrument panel.
The driver must then regulate vehicle speed, apply the brakes if necessary,and maintain a safe distance to othervehicles.
Adaptive Cruise Control may go into standbymode if, e.g.: the driver opens the door.
the brake temperature is high.
the driver's hands are not on the steering wheel.
the parking brake is applied.
the engine speed (rpm) is too low/high.
the driver unbuckles the seat belt.
one or more of the wheels lose traction.
the camera/radar sensor is covered by snow or heavy rain (the camera lens/radarwaves are blocked).
your vehicle's speed goes under 5 km/h(3 mph) and Pilot Assist cannot determineif the vehicle ahead is stationary or if it isanother object, e.g. a speed bump.
your vehicle's speed goes under 5 km/h(3 mph) and the vehicle ahead turns sothat Pilot Assist no longer has a vehicle tofollow.
Related information

Pilot Assist
* (p. 287)
Selecting and activating Pilot Assist
*
(p. 290)
Deactivating Pilot Assist
* (p. 291)
Pilot Assist
* limitations (p. 293)
38
Depending on market, this function can be either standard or optional.
39 Electronic Stability Control

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DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
294
tively, they may be detected incorrectly as lane markings, with a subsequentrisk of contact between the vehicle andsuch obstacles. The driver is responsi-ble for ensuring that the vehicle main-tains a suitable distance from suchobstacles.
The camera and radar sensors do nothave the capacity to detect all oncom-ing objects and obstacles in trafficenvironments, e.g. potholes, stationaryobstacles or objects that completely orpartially block the route.
Pilot Assist does not "see" pedestrians,animals, etc.
The recommended steering input islimited in force, which means that itcannot always help the driver to steerand keep the vehicle within the lane.
In vehicles equipped with Sensus Navigation
*, the function is able to use
information from map data, which could cause variations in performance.
Pilot Assist will be switched off if thespeed-dependent power steeringwheel resistance is working at reducedpower, e.g. during cooling due to over-heating.WARNING
Pilot Assist should only be used if there are clear lane lines painted on each side of thelane. All other use will increase the risk ofcontact with nearby obstacles that cannotbe detected by the functions.
WARNING
This is not a collision avoidance sys- tem. The driver is always responsibleand must intervene if the system failsto detect a vehicle ahead.
The function does not brake for peopleor animals and does not brake for smallvehicles, such as bikes and motorcy-cles. Similarly, it does not brake for lowtrailers, oncoming, slow-moving or sta-tionary vehicles and objects.
Do not use the function in demandingsituations, such as in city traffic, atintersections, on slippery surfaces,with a lot of water or slush on the road,in heavy rain/snow, in poor visibility, onwinding roads, or on on/off ramps.
The driver can always correct or adjust steer-ing assistance provided by Pilot Assist by turn-ing the steering wheel to the desired position.
Steep roads and/or heavy loadsPilot Assist is primarily intended to be drivenon flat roads. The function may not be able tomaintain the correct time interval to the vehi-cle ahead when driving down steep hills. Thedriver should be extra attentive and preparedto apply the brakes.
Other limitationsThe Off Road drive mode cannot be selected
when Pilot Assist is activated.
NOTE
The function uses the vehicle's camera and radar sensor, which has certain generallimitations.
Related information
Pilot Assist
* (p. 287)
Camera/radar sensor limitations (p. 309)
Speed-dependent steering wheel resis- tance (p. 268)
Drive modes (p. 419)
41
Depending on market, this function can be either standard or optional.

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DRIVER SUPPORT
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The previous illustration shows that Pilot Assist is set to maintain a speed of 110 km/h(68 mph) and that there is no target vehicleahead to follow. Pilot Assist will provide steering assistance because it can detect the lane's side markinglines.
Related information
Pilot Assist
* (p. 287)
Pilot Assist
* limitations (p. 293)
Collision risk warning from driver support
The driver support systems Adaptive Cruise Control * and Pilot Assist * can help alert the
driver if the distance to the vehicle ahead suddenly decreases to an unsafe distance.
Collision warning audible signal and symbol.
Acoustic collision warning signal
Collision warning symbol
Camera/radar sensor distance monitoring
Adaptive Cruise Control and Pilot Assist use approx. 40% of the braking capacity. If a sit-uation requires more braking force than driversupport can provide, and if the driver does not apply the brakes, a warning light and audible warning signal will be activated to alert thedriver that immediate action is required.
WARNING
The driver support system only issues a warning for vehicles detected by its radarunit – thus, a warning may come after adelay or not at all. Never wait for a warning.Apply the brakes when necessary.
Collision warning symbol on the windshield.
In vehicles equipped with a head-up display *,
a flashing warning symbol will be displayed on the windshield.
NOTE
Visual warnings on the windshield may be difficult to notice in cases of strong sun-light, reflections, extreme light contrasts,or if the driver is wearing sunglasses or isnot looking straight ahead.

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DRIVER SUPPORT
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Related information
Driver support systems (p. 268)
Adaptive Cruise Control
* (p. 278)
Pilot Assist
* (p. 287)
Distance Alert
* (p. 273)
Head-up display
* (p. 139)
Auto-hold braking with driver support
The driver support functions Adaptive Cruise Control * and Pilot Assist * have a special brake
function in slow traffic and while stationary.
Braking function in slow traffic and at a standstill
In slow-moving, stop-and-go traffic or when stopped at a traffic light, driving will resumeautomatically if the vehicle is stopped for lessthan approx. 3 seconds. If it takes more than 3seconds for the vehicle ahead to begin movingagain, the driver support function will go intostandby mode and the auto-hold brake func-tion will activate.
–The function can be reactivated by:
Pressing the
button on the steer-
ing wheel keypad.
Pressing the accelerator pedal.
> The function will resume following the vehicle ahead if it begins to move within approx. 6 seconds.
WARNING
A noticeable increase in speed may follow when the speed is resumed with the
steering wheel button.
WARNING
The driver support system only issues a warning for obstacles detected by its radarsensor – thus, a warning may come after adelay or not at all.
Never wait for a warning or assistance. Apply the brakes when necessary.
NOTE
Driver support can keep the vehicle sta- tionary for no more than 5 minutes – afterthat time the parking brake is applied andthe function is deactivated. The parking brake must be released before driver support can be reactivated.

DRIVER SUPPORT
314
City Safety™
City Safety 51
can alert the driver with light,
sound and pulsations in the brake pedal to help the driver detect pedestrians, cyclists,large animals and vehicles that appear sud-denly.
Location of the camera and radar sensor.
City Safety can help prevent a collision or lower the vehicle's speed at the point ofimpact. City Safety is an aid intended to assist the driver if a collision with a pedestrian, large ani-mal, cyclist or vehicle is imminent. City Safety can help the driver avoid a collision when e.g. driving in stop-and-go traffic, whenchanges in the traffic ahead and driver distrac-tion could lead to an incident. The function assists the driver by automati-cally applying the brakes if there is an immi-nent risk of a collision and the driver does notreact in time by braking and/or steering away. City Safety activates a brief, forceful braking in an attempt to stop your vehicle immediatelybehind the vehicle or object ahead. City Safety is activated in situations in which the driver should have applied the brakesmuch earlier, which means that the systemwill not be able to assist the driver in all situa-tions. City Safety is designed to be activated as late as possible to help avoid unnecessary inter-vention. Automatic braking will only be appliedafter or during a collision warning. Normally, the occupants of the vehicle will not be aware of City Safety except when the sys-tem intervenes when a collision is imminent.
WARNING

The function is supplementary driver support intended to facilitate drivingand help make it safer – it cannot han-dle all situations in all traffic, weatherand road conditions.
The driver is advised to read all sec-tions in the Owner's Manual about thisfunction to learn of its limitations,which the driver must be aware ofbefore using the function.
Driver support functions are not a sub-stitute for the driver's attention andjudgment. The driver is always respon-sible for ensuring the vehicle is drivenin a safe manner, at the appropriatespeed, with an appropriate distance toother vehicles, and in accordance withcurrent traffic rules and regulations.
Related information
Driver support systems (p. 268)
City Safety sub-functions (p. 315)
Setting a warning distance for City Safety(p. 317)
Detecting obstacles with City Safety(p. 318)
51
This function is not available on all markets.

DRIVER SUPPORT
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315

City Safety braking for oncoming vehicles (p. 323)
Automatic braking during delayed evasivemaneuvers with City Safety (p. 323)
City Safety in crossing traffic (p. 320)
City Safety steering assistance for evasivemaneuver (p. 322)
City Safety limitations (p. 324)
City Safety messages (p. 327)
City Safety sub-functions
City Safety 52
can help the driver avoid a colli-
sion with a vehicle, cyclist or large animal ahead by reducing the vehicle's speed usingits automatic braking function.
If the difference in speed is greater than the speeds specified below, the City Safety auto-brake function cannot prevent a collision, butit can help mitigate its effects.
Vehicles
City Safety can help prevent a collision with a vehicle ahead by reducing your vehicle's speedby up to 60 km/h (37 mph).
Cyclists
City Safety can help prevent a collision with a cyclist ahead by reducing your vehicle's speedby up to 50 km/h (30 mph).
Pedestrians
City Safety can help prevent a collision with a pedestrian ahead by reducing your vehicle'sspeed by up to 45 km/h (28 mph).
Large animals
If there is a risk of colliding with a large ani- mal, City Safety can help reduce your vehicle'sspeed by up to 15 km/h (9 mph). The braking function for large animals is pri- marily intended to mitigate the force of a colli-sion at higher speeds. Braking is most effec- tive at speeds above 70 km/h (43 mph) andless effective at lower speeds.
City Safety sub-functions
Function overview.
Acoustic collision warning signal
Collision warning symbol
Camera/radar sensor distance monitoring
City Safety carries out three steps in the fol- lowing order:
1. Collision warning
2. Brake assistance
3. Auto-brake Descriptions of what happens in these three steps are provided below.
52 This function is not available on all markets.

DRIVER SUPPORT
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City Safety steering assistance for evasive maneuver City Safety steering assistance can help the driver steer away from a vehicle/obstaclewhen it is not possible to avoid a collision bybraking alone. City Safety steering assistanceis always activated and cannot be switchedoff.
Your vehicle swerves away
Slow-moving/stationary vehicle or obsta- cle.
City Safety helps provide assistance bystrengthening the driver's steering move-ments, but only if the driver has begun evasiveaction and the system detects that the driver'ssteering movements are not sufficient to avoida collision. The brake system is used simultaneously to further strengthen steering movements. The function also helps stabilize the vehicle after ithas passed the obstacle. City Safety steering assistance can detect:
vehicles
cyclists
pedestrians
large animals
Related information

City Safety
™ (p. 314)
City Safety limitations (p. 324)
City Safety steering assistance limitations during evasivemaneuvers
City Safety steering assistance may have lim- ited functionality in certain situations and notintervene, e.g.:
at speeds outside the range of 50-100 km/h (30-62 mph)
if the driver does not take evasive action
if speed-dependent power steering wheelresistance is working at reduced power –e.g. during cooling due to overheating.
NOTE
The function uses the vehicle's camera and radar sensor, which has certain generallimitations.
Related information
City Safety steering assistance for evasive maneuver (p. 322)
City Safety limitations (p. 324)
Speed-dependent steering wheel resis-tance (p. 268)
Camera/radar sensor limitations (p. 309)

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DRIVER SUPPORT
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your lane must have clear side lane mark- ings
your vehicle must be positioned straight inyour lane
the oncoming vehicle must be positionedwithin your vehicle's lane markings
the oncoming vehicle's headlights mustbe on
the function can only handle “front-to-front” collisions
the function can only detect vehicles withfour wheels.
WARNING
Warnings and brake interventions due to an imminent collision with an oncomingvehicle always come very late.
Related information

City Safety
™ (p. 314)
City Safety limitations (p. 324)
City Safety limitations
City Safety 57
functionality may be reduced in
certain situations.
Surroundings
Low objects
Hanging objects, such as flags for overhang- ing loads or accessories such as auxiliarylights or front protective grids that extendbeyond the height of the hood, may limit City Safety functionality.
Slippery road conditions
The extended braking distance on slippery roads may reduce City Safety's capacity tohelp avoid a collision. In these types of situa-tions, the Anti-lock Braking System and Elec- tronic Stability Control (ESC 58
) are designed
for optimal braking power with maintained stability.
Backlighting
The visual warning signal in the windshield may be difficult to detect in bright sunlight, ifthere are reflections, or if the driver is wearingsunglasses or not looking straight ahead.
Heat
If the temperature in the passenger compart- ment is high due to e.g. bright sunlight, thevisual warning signal in the windshield may betemporarily disabled.
Camera and radar sensor's field of vision
The camera's field of vision is limited and in certain situations, it may be unable to detectpedestrians, large animals, cyclists or vehicles,or it may detect them later than expected. Vehicles that are dirty may be detected later than clean vehicles, and in dark conditions,motorcycles may be detected late or not at all. If a text message displayed in the instrument panel indicates that the camera/radar sensoris obstructed, it may be difficult for City Safetyto detect pedestrians, large animals, cyclists,vehicles or lane markings in front of the vehi-cle. City Safety functionality may therefore bereduced. Text messages may not be displayed for all sit- uations in which the windshield sensors areblocked. The driver must therefore alwayskeep the windshield in front of the camera/radar sensor clean.
CAUTION
Only a workshop may perform mainte- nance on driver support components – anauthorized Volvo workshop is recom-mended.
57 This function is not available on all markets.
58 Electronic Stability Control

DRIVER SUPPORT
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Driver intervention
Backing up
City Safety is temporarily deactivated when the vehicle is backing up.
Low speed
City Safety is not activated at very low speeds under 4 km/h (3 mph). The system will there-fore not intervene in situations in which yourvehicle is approaching another vehicle veryslowly, such as when parking.
Active driver
Action by the driver always has priority. City Safety will therefore not react or will react at alater stage with a warning or intervention insituations in which the driver is clearly steeringand operating the accelerator pedal, even if acollision is unavoidable. An active and aware driving style may there- fore delay collision warnings and interventionin order to minimize unnecessary warnings.
Other limitations
WARNING
The driver support system only issues a warning for obstacles detected by its radarsensor – thus, a warning may come after adelay or not at all. Never wait for a warning or assistance. Apply the brakes when necessary.
WARNING
Warnings and brake interventions can be triggered late or not at all if the traf-fic situation or external influences pre-vent the camera and radar unit fromproperly detecting pedestrians,cyclists, large animals or vehiclesahead of the vehicle.
To be able to detect vehicles at night,its front and rear lights must work andilluminate clearly.
The camera and radar unit have a lim-ited range for pedestrians and cyclists– the system can provide effectivewarnings and brake interventions if therelative speed is lower than 50 km/h(30 mph). For stationary or slow-mov-ing vehicles, warnings and brake inter-ventions are effective at vehicle speedsof up to 70 km/h (43 mph). Speedreduction for large animals is less than15 km/h (9 mph) and can be achievedat vehicle speeds over 70 km/h(43 mph). At lower speeds, the warn-ing and brake intervention for large ani-mals is less effective.
Warnings for stationary or slow-mov-ing vehicles and large animals can bedisengaged due to darkness or poorvisibility.
Warnings and brake interventions for pedestrians and cyclists are disen-gaged at vehicle speeds over 80 km/h(50 mph).
Do not place, affix or mount anythingon the inside or outside of the wind-shield, or in front of or around the cam-era and radar unit – this could disruptcamera-based functions.
Objects, snow, ice or dirt in the area ofthe camera sensor can reduce thefunction, disengage it completely orgive an improper function response.