traction VOLVO XC70 2015 Owner´s Manual

08 Wheels and tires
Tire designations
08
318
10.Maximum Load : Indicates the maximum
load in pounds and kilograms that can be carried by the tire. Refer to the vehicle'stire information placard located on the B-Pillar for the correct tire pressure for yourvehicle.
11. Treadwear, Traction, and Temperature grades
: see page 322 for more informa-
tion.
12. Maximum permissible inflationpressure:
the greatest amount of air
pressure that should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set by the tire manufac-turer.

08 Wheels and tires
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
08
322
Quality grading information
ALL PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES MUST CONFORM TO FEDERAL SAFETYREQUIREMENTS IN ADDITION TO THESEGRADES Quality grades can be found, where appli- cable, on the tire sidewall between thetread shoulder and maximum sectionwidth. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A
TREADWEARThe treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tes-ted under controlled conditions on a specifiedgovernment test course. For example, a tiregraded 150 would wear one and one half(1 1/2) times as well on the governmentcourse as a tire graded 100. The relative per-formance of tires depends upon the actualconditions of their use, however, and manydepart significantly from the norm due to var-iation in driving habits, maintenance practicesand differences in road characteristics andclimate.
TRACTIONThe traction grades, from highest to lowest,are AA, A, B, and C, as measured under con-trolled conditions on specified governmenttest surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tiremarked C may have poor traction perform-ance. The traction grade assigned to this tireis based on braking (straight-ahead) tractiontests and is not a measure of cornering (turn-ing) traction.
WARNING
The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) tractiontests and is not a measure of cornering(turning) traction.
TEMPERATUREThe temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire's resistance tothe generation of heat and its ability to dissi-pate heat when tested under controlled con-ditions on a specified indoor laboratory testwheel. Sustained high temperature can causethe material of the tire to degenerate andreduce tire life, and excessive temperaturecan lead to sudden tire failure. The grade Ccorresponds to a minimum level of perform-ance that all passenger vehicle tires mustmeet under the Federal Motor Safety Stand-ard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higherlevels of performance on the laboratory testwheel than the minimum required by law.
WARNING
The temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly infla-ted and not overloaded. Excessive speed,under-inflation, or excessive loading, eitherseparately or in combination, can causeheat buildup and tire failure.

08 Wheels and tires
Snow chains, snow tires, studded tires
08
323
Winter driving conditions
Snow chainsSnow chains can be used on your Volvo with the following restrictions:• Snow chains should be installed on front wheels only. Use only Volvo approvedsnow chains.
• If accessory, aftermarket or "custom"tires and wheels are installed and are of asize different than the original tires andwheels, chains in some cases CANNOTbe used. Sufficient clearances betweenchains and brakes, suspension and bodycomponents must be maintained.
• Some strap-on type chains will interferewith brake components and thereforeCANNOT be used.
• All Wheel Drive models
: Snow chains
should only be installed on the frontwheels.
• Certain size tires may not allow theassembly of snow chains/traction devi-ces.
Consult your Volvo retailer for additional
snow chain information.
CAUTION
• Check local regulations regarding the use of snow chains before installing.
• Use single-sided snow chains only.
• Always follow the chain manufactur-er's installation instructions carefully.Install chains as tightly as possible andretighten periodically.
• Never exceed the chain manufactur-er's specified maximum speed limit.(Under no circumstances should youexceed 31 mph (50 km/h).
• Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turnswhen driving with snow chains.
• The handling of the vehicle can beadversely affected when driving withchains. Avoid fast or sharp turns aswell as locked wheel braking.
Snow tires, studded tires 1
Tires for winter use:
•
Owners who live in or regularly commute through areas with sustained periods ofsnow or icy driving conditions arestrongly advised to fit suitable winter tires to help retain the highest degree of trac-tion.
• It is important to install winter tires on allfour wheels to help retain traction duringcornering, braking, and accelerating. Fail-ure to do so could reduce traction to anunsafe level or adversely affect handling.
• Do not mix tires of different design as thiscould also negatively affect overall tireroad grip.
• Winter tires wear more quickly on dryroads in warm weather. They should beremoved when the winter driving seasonhas ended.
• Studded tires should be run-in 300 – 600 miles (500 – 1000 km) during whichthe vehicle should be driven as smoothlyas possible to give the studs the opportu-nity to seat properly in the tires. The tiresshould have the same rotational directionthroughout their entire lifetime.
NOTE
Please consult state or provincial regula- tions restricting the use of studded wintertires before installing such tires.
1
Where permitted

11 Index
11
398
D
Daytime running lights............................... 99
Defroster.................................................. 221
Detachable key blade.......................... 64, 67DimensionsXC70................................................... 384
Disconnecting the front passenger’s air-
bag....................................................... 26, 27
Distance Alert.......................................... 169
Dome lighting................................... 104, 105
Door mirrors............................................. 112
Driver alert............................................... 188 Lane Departure Warning..................... 190
Driver distraction warning.......................... 13
Driving economically................................ 284
Driving in cold weather............................ 286
Driving through water.............................. 285
E
ECC......................................... 218, 220, 222
Eco (driving function)............................... 134
Eco coast................................................. 134 Eco guide................................................. 132
Economical driving.................................. 284
Electrically heated steering wheel............. 98
Electric parking brake.............................. 144
Electronic Climate Control....... 218, 220, 222
air distribution table............................ 224
Interior Air Quality System.................. 222
ventilated seats................................... 218
Emergency locking retractor...................... 38
Emergency starting.................................. 125
Emergency towing................................... 306
Emission inspection readiness................ 342Engine overheating........................................... 84
specifications...................................... 387
Start/Stop........................................... 137
starting................................................ 122
switching off....................................... 125
Engine compartment overview................ 344
Engine oil................................................. 388 checking............................................. 346
low pressure warning light.................... 83
volumes.............................................. 389
Engine remote start (ERS)........................ 124
Environment............................................... 12 Eyelets for anchoring loads..................... 295
F
Federal Clean Air Act............................... 340 Flat tires
repairing with tire sealing system....... 325
Floor mats cleaning.............................................. 377
placing correctly................................. 122
Floor rails................................................. 295
Fluid specifications.................................. 389
Fog lights................................................... 83 rear...................................................... 103
Four C (active chassis system)................ 232
Front airbags.............................................. 22 disconnecting passenger’s side air-
bag.................................................. 26, 27
Front park assist.............................. 193, 195
Front seats........................................... 90, 92 heated................................................. 218
Fuel filler cap........................................... 291
Fuel filler door, opening........................... 290
Fuel level warning light.............................. 83

11 Index
11
403
Start inhibitor (immobilizer)........................ 60
Steel grid in cargo area............................ 299
Steering wheel adjusting............................................... 97
heated................................................... 98
horn....................................................... 97
keypad.................................. 97, 209, 241
Steering wheel paddles............................. 97
Stone chips, touching up......................... 377
Storage spaces........................................ 233
Studded tires........................................... 323
Sunroof (moonroof).................................. 117
Sun shade................................................ 110
Supplemental restraint system.................. 21 warning light......................................... 84
Symbols, overview................................... 391
T
Tailgate driving with it open............................. 284
locking/unlocking.................................. 72 power operated.................................. 293
wiper/washer...................................... 108
Tailgate wipers......................................... 357
Taillights, changing bulbs........................ 353Temperature sensor ambient................................................. 85
Temporary spare tire............................... 324
Three-way catalytic converter................. 291
Tire designations..................................... 317
Tire inflation pressure.............................. 316
Tire Pressure Monitoring System.... 334, 335 indicator light........................................ 83
Tires......................................................... 310 age...................................................... 310
changing from summer to winter........ 311
glossary of terms................................ 319
improving economy............................ 311
inflation pressure................................ 313
inflation pressure table....................... 316
load ratings......................................... 315
rotation............................................... 310
Self-supporting run flat tires (SST)..... 336
snow................................................... 323
spare................................................... 324
specifications...................................... 314
speed ratings...................................... 314 storing................................................. 312
studded............................................... 323
tire pressure monitoring system......... 334
tire sealing system.............................. 325
tread wear indicator............................ 311
uniform tire quality grading................. 322
Tire sealing system.................................. 325 Top tether anchors (child restraint sys-
tems).......................................................... 50
Touching up paint.................................... 377
Towing a trailer................................ 303, 304 trailer hitch.......................................... 304
Towing the vehicle................................... 306
Traction control........................................ 152
Trailer towing................................... 303, 304 trailer hitch.......................................... 304
Transmission general description..................... 127, 128
Hill Start Assist................................... 127
oil........................................................ 389
shiftlock override................................ 130
Tread wear indicator................................ 311
Trip computer.......................................... 225
Trip odometers.......................................... 86
Trips, long distance................................. 286