catalytic converter VOLVO XC90 2004 Owners Manual

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2004 VOLVO XC90
In production, Volvo has partly or completely phased out several chemica\
ls including chloro-fluorocarbons
(CFCs), lead chromates, naphtanates, asbestos, mercury and cadmium; an\
d reduced the amount of chemicals
used in our plants 50% since 1991.
Volvo was the first in the world to introduce into production a three-wa\
y catalytic converter with Lambda
Sond, now called oxygen sensor, in 1976. The current version of this hig\
hly efficient system reduces emissions
of harmful substances (CO, HC, NOx) from the exhaust pipe by approxima\
tely 95% and the search to eliminate
the remaining emissions continues. Volvo is the only automobile manufact\
urer to offer CFC-free retrofit kits
for the air conditioning system of all models as far back as the 1975 Vo\
lvo 240. Advanced electronic engine
controls, refined purification systems and cleaner fuels are bringing us\
closer to our goal.
After Volvo vehicles and parts have fulfilled their use, recycling is th\
e next critical step in completing the life
cycle. The metal content is about 75% of the total weight of a vehicle, \
which makes the vehicle among the most
recycled industrial products. In order to have efficient and well contro\
lled recycling, many Volvo variants have
printed dismantling manuals, indicating the weight and material of indiv\
idual components. For Volvo, all
homogeneous plastic parts weighing more than 1.7 oz. (50 grams) are ma\
rked with international symbols that
indicate how the component is to be sorted for recycling.
In addition to continuous environmental refinement of conventional gasol\
ine-powered internal combustion
engines, Volvo is actively looking at advanced technology alternative-fu\
el vehicles.
When you drive a Volvo, you become our partner in the work to lessen the\
car's impact on the environment.
To reduce your vehicle's environmental impact, you can:
l Maintain proper air pressure in your tires. Tests have shown decreased f\
uel economy with improperly
inflated tires.
l Follow the recommended maintenance schedule in your Warranty and Service\
Records Information booklet.
l Drive at a constant speed.
l See an authorized Volvo retailer as soon as possible for inspection if t\
he check engine (malfunction
indicator) lamp illuminates, or stays on after the vehicle has started.\

l Properly dispose of any vehicle-related waste such as used motor oil, us\
ed batteries, brake pads, etc.
l When cleaning your car, use Volvo's own car care products, all of which \
have systematically been adapted to
the environment.
For additional information regarding the environmental activities in whi\
ch Volvo Cars of North America, LLC.
and Volvo Car Corporation are involved, visit our Internet Home Page at:\

http://www.volvocars.com
PremAir®
On the surface of the radiator in the engine compartment, there is a spe\
cial coating called PremAir®. PremAir®
works as a catalytic converter, converting most of the ground-level ozon\
e passing through the radiator into
oxygen, thereby reducing harmful ground-level ozone.
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2004 VOLVO XC90
pg. 82 Starting and driving
Refueling
ENGINE OIL
Although some oil consumption occurs during normal engine operation, mor\
e oil is consumed when the
engine is new as the internal parts generate higher friction while weari\
ng-in to each other. From the time
the engine is new until the first maintenance is performed, the oil cons\
umption could be higher than
normal. For this reason, it is especially important to check the oil eve\
ry time you refuel your vehicle
during this period. See
page 128.
Fuel requirements
Octane rating
Volvo engines are designed for optimum performance on unleaded premium g\
asoline with an AKI
octane rating of 91 or above. AKI (ANTI KNOCK INDEX) is an average of \
the Research Octane
Number, RON, and the Motor Octane Number, MON. ((RON + MON)/2). The \
minimum octane
requirement is AKI 87 (RON 91).
Deposit control gasoline (detergent additives)
Volvo recommends the use of detergent gasoline to control engine deposit\
s. Detergent gasoline is
effective in keeping injectors and intake valves clean. Consistent use o\
f deposit control gasolines will
help ensure good driveability and fuel economy. If you are not sure whet\
her the gasoline contains
deposit control additives, check with the service station operator.
NOTE: Volvo does not recommend the use of external fuel injector cleaning syst\
ems.
Unleaded fuel
Each Volvo has a three-way catalytic converter and must use only unleade\
d gasoline. U.S. and Canadian
regulations require that pumps delivering unleaded gasoline be labelled \
"UNLEADED". Only these
pumps have nozzles which fit your vehicle's filler inlet. It is unlawful\
to dispense leaded fuel into a
vehicle labelled "unleaded gasoline only". Leaded gasoline damages the t\
hree-way catalytic converter
and the heated oxygen sensor system. Repeated use of leaded gasoline wil\
l lessen the effectiveness of
the emission control system and could result in loss of emission warrant\
y coverage. State and local
vehicle inspection programs will make detection of misfueling easier, po\
ssibly resulting in emission test
failure for misfueled vehicles.
NOTE: Some U.S. and Canadian gasolines contain an octane enhancing additive ca\
lled methyl-
cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). If such fuels are used, \
your Emission Control System
performance may be affected, and the Check Engine Light (malfunction in\
dicator lamp) located on your
instrument panel may light. If this occurs, please return your vehicle t\
o an authorized Volvo retailer for
maintenance.
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2004 VOLVO XC90
When driving on poorly maintained or unpaved roads, please keep the foll\
owing in mind:
l Reduce speed on rough surfaces to minimize possible damage to the vehicl\
e's underbody.
l When driving on soft surfaces such as dry sand or snow, try to avoid sto\
pping if at all possible.
WARNING!
Avoid driving diagonally across steep inclines as this could increase th\
e risk of a roll-over. Try to
drive straight up or down the slope.
If the road is very steep, avoid turning the vehicle around to help avoi\
d the risk of rolling over. Back
the vehicle up or down the incline instead.
NOTE: Avoid driving on steep inclines if the fuel tank is nearly empty. If the\
flow of fuel to the engine
is interrupted due to the vehicle's angle of inclination, this could res\
ult in damage to the three-way
catalytic converter. We recommend keeping the fuel tank at least half fu\
ll when driving on steep inclines.
Driving through water
l The vehicle should not be driven through water that is deeper than 18 in\
ches (48 cm). Driving through
deeper water could result in damage to transmission components or the di\
fferential, or to the engine if
excess water is drawn in through the air intake system.
l Drive slowly and avoid stopping when driving through water.
l After having driven through water, apply the brakes lightly several time\
s to remove water, mud, etc
from the brake discs.
l Never allow the vehicle to stand in water above the door sills. This cou\
ld result in damage to the
electrical system.
Conserving electrical current
Keep the following in mind to help minimize battery drain:
l When the engine is not running, avoid turning the ignition key to positi\
on II (see page 86). Many
electrical systems (the audio system, the optional infotainment/navigat\
ion systems, power windows, etc)
will function with the ignition key in position I. This position reduces\
drain on the battery.
l Please keep in mind that using systems, accessories, etc that consume a \
great deal of current when the
engine is not running could result in the battery being completely drain\
ed.
NOTE: A warning message will be displayed in the text window in the instrument\
panel when the
battery charge is low.
pg. 89 Starting and driving
Automatic transmission with Geartronic
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2004 VOLVO XC90
B Screw the towing eyelet (C) in place (B), first by hand and then us\
ing the tire iron until it is securely
in place.
After the vehicle has been towed, the eyelet should be removed and retur\
ned to the tool bag. Press the
cover back into position.
Precautions when the vehicle is in tow
l The steering wheel must be unlocked. Turn the ignition key to position I\
or II.
l The gear selector must be in position N.
l Maximum speed: 50 mph (80 km/h). Do not exceed the maximum allowable t\
owing speed.
l Maximum distance with front wheels on ground: 50 miles (80 km).
l While the vehicle is being towed, try to keep the tow rope taut at all t\
imes.
l The vehicle should only be towed in forward direction.
CAUTION
- Please check with state and local authorities before attempting this t\
ype of towing, as vehicles being
towed are subject to regulations regarding maximum towing speed, length \
and type of towing device,
lighting, etc.
- If the vehicle's battery is dead, do not attempt to start the vehicle \
by pushing or pulling it as this will
damage the three-way catalytic converter(s). The engine must be jump s\
tarted using an auxiliary
battery (see
page 100).
- If the vehicle is being towed on a flat bed truck, the towing eyelets \
must not be used to secure the
vehicle on the flat bed. Consult the tow truck operator.
WARNING!
- Remember that the power brakes and power steering will not function wh\
en engine is not running.
The braking and steering systems will function but the brake pedal press\
ure required is 3 - 4 times
above normal and greater steering effort must be exerted.
- The towing eyelets must not be used for pulling the vehicle out of a d\
itch or for any similar purpose
involving severe strain. Do not use the towing eyelets to pull the vehic\
le up onto a flat bed tow truck.
pg. 99 Starting and driving
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2004 VOLVO XC90
Different types of oil should never be mixed.
Power steering
Grade: ATF
Brake fluid
Fluid type: DOT 4+ boiling point >536°F (280°C), P/N 9437433
Cooling system
Type Positive pressure, closed system.
Coolant Volvo original coolant/antifreeze
Volume 5-cyl. turbo 9.3 US qts. (8.8 liters)
6-cyl. turbo 11.2 US qts (10.6 liters)
The thermostat begins to open at 194°F (90°C).
Suspension
Rear suspension
Individual rear wheel suspension with longitudinal support arms, double \
link arms and track rods.
Front suspension
Spring strut suspension with integrated shock absorbers and control arms\
linked to the support frame.
Power-assisted rack and pinion steering. Safety type steering column.
pg. 153 Specifications
Three-way catalytic converter cautions
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2004 VOLVO XC90
l Keep your engine properly tuned. Certain engine malfunctions, particular\
ly involving the electrical,
fuel or distributor ignition systems, may cause unusually high three-way\
catalytic converter
temperatures. Do not continue to operate your vehicle if you detect engi\
ne misfire, noticeable loss of
power or other unusual operating conditions, such as engine overheating \
or backfiring. A properly tuned
engine will help avoid malfunctions that could damage the three-way cata\
lytic converter.
l Do not park your vehicle over combustible materials, such as grass or le\
aves, which can come into
contact with the hot exhaust system and cause such materials to ignite u\
nder certain wind and weather
conditions.
l Excessive starter cranking (in excess of one minute), or an intermitte\
ntly firing or flooded engine can
cause three-way catalytic converter or exhaust system overheating.
l Remember that tampering or unauthorized modifications to the engine, the\
Electronic Control
Module, or the vehicle may be illegal and can cause three-way catalytic \
converter or exhaust system
overheating. This includes:
- Altering fuel injection setting or components.
- Altering emission system components or location or removing components\
.
- Repeated use of leaded fuel.
NOTE: Unleaded fuel is required for vehicles with three-way catalytic converte\
rs.
pg. 154 Specifications
Electrical system

12-volt system with voltage controlled generator. Single wire system in \
which the chassis and engine
block are used as conductors, grounded on the chassis.
Battery 2.5TT6
Voltage 12 V12 V
Cold start capacity
(CCA) 520 A
600 A
Reserve capacity (RC) 90
min 115 min
If you must replace your battery, be sure to replace it with a battery o\
f the same cold start capacity and
reserve capacity as the original (See the decal on the battery). Generator max. current 140 A*160 A
Starter motor, power 1.4 kW 1.7 kW
Spark plugs P/N272313-8 or equivalent
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2004 VOLVO XC90
Automatic climate control, ECC 48
Automatic gearbox
89
Auxiliary 12-volt socket
39
Auxiliary lamps
29
Average speed
36
AWD
94
B
Bass
165
Battery
126, 133, 155
Battery - replacing
135
Battery drain - avoiding
90
Battery maintenance
134
Belt check
127
Blower (fan)
49
Booster cushion
17
Brake circuit
95
Brake system
26, 95
Bulbs
137, 156
C
Capacities
152
Carbon Monoxide - Important Warning
85
Catalytic converter
154
CD changer
177
Ceiling lighting
143
Center console - storage compartments
64
Central locking system - remote control
75
Changing coolant
127
Changing oil and oil filter
129
Check Engine warning light
27
Child safety
17
Child safety locks
79
Child seat (Isofix fasteners)
18
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2004 VOLVO XC90
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) - warning light 27
Suspension
153, 155
Switches in the center console
29
T
Tachometer
24
Tailgate - locking/unlocking
78
Tailgate - opening
39
Temperature
49
Temperature gauge
24
Temporary spare tires
112
Text window - messages
28
Three-way catalytic converter
154
TIME FOR REGULAR SERVICE
28
Tire economy
110
Tire economy - improving
110
Tire Rotation
112
Tires
110
Tires - tread wear indicators
113
Towing
100
Towing - cars with All Wheel Drive
101
Towing a trailer
103
Trailer indicator lamp
27
Trailer towing
103
Transmission - Geartronic
91
Treble
165
Trip computer
36
Trip odometer
24
Turn signals - normal turns
33
Type designations
150
U
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
114, 117
Unlocking
77
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