engine VOLVO XC90 2009 Owner´s Manual

09 Maintenance and servicingWorking on your vehicle
09206
Belt checkCheck the belt regularly to make sure it is in
good condition and is clean. A worn or dirty belt
can cause poor cooling and low alternator out-
put as well as impair the operation of the power
steering and the air conditioning unit.
NOTE
The drive belt is equipped with a self-ten-
sioning mechanism and requires no adjust-
ment between changes.
WARNING
The engine must not be running when this
check is performed.Check coolant levelThe cooling system must be filled with coolant
and not leak to operate at maximum efficiency.
Check the coolant level regularly. The level
should be between the MAX and MIN marks
on the expansion tank. The check should be
made with particular thoroughness when the
engine is new or when the cooling system has
been drained.
Do not remove the filler cap other than for top-
ping up with coolant. Frequent removal may
prevent coolant circulation between the engineand the expansion tank during engine warm up
and cooling.
Changing coolantNormally, the coolant does not need to be
changed. If the system must be drained, con-
sult a trained and qualified Volvo service tech-
nician.
Do not top off with water only. This reduces the
rust-protective and antifreeze qualities of the
coolant and has a lower boiling point. It can
also cause damage to the cooling system if it
should freeze. Top off with Volvo Genuine
Coolant/Antifreeze only (a 50/50 mix of water
and antifreeze.
CAUTION
The cooling system must always be kept
filled to the correct level. If it is not kept filled,
there can be high local temperatures in the
engine which could result in damage. Dif-
ferent types of antifreeze/coolant may not
be mixed.
WARNING
Never remove the radiator cap while the
engine is warm. Wait until the vehicle cools.

09 Maintenance and servicing
Engine compartment
09
207
G027074
Brake fluid reservoirRelay/fuse boxAir cleanerRadiatorDipstick-engine oilFiller cap-engine oilWasher fluid reservoirPower steering fluid reservoirExpansion tank-coolantData plateBattery (under floor in rear cargo area)
WARNING
The cooling fan (located behind the radiator)
may start or continue to operate (for up to
6 minutes) after the engine has been
switched off.

09 Maintenance and servicingEngine oil
09208
Oil specificationsEngine oil must meet the minimum ILSAC
specification GF-4, API SL, or ACEA A1/B1.
Lower quality oils may not offer the same fuel
economy, engine performance, or engine pro-
tection.
Volvo recommends Castrol.
Depending on your driving habits, premium or
synthetic oils may provide superior fuel econ-
omy and engine protection. Consult your Volvo
retailer or a trained and qualified Volvo service
technician for recommendations on premium
or synthetic oils.
Oil additives must not be used.
NOTE
Synthetic oil is not used when the oil is
changed at the normal maintenance serv-
ices. This oil is only used at customer
request, at additional charge. Please con-
sult a trained and qualified Volvo service
technician.
Oil viscosity (stable ambient
temperatures)
G023491
Operation in hot climatesWhen temperatures exceed 104° F (40° C) in
your area, Volvo recommends, for the protec-
tion of your engine, that you use a heavier
weight oil, such as such as SAE 5W-40 or
0W-40. See the viscosity chart.Operation in temperate climatesIncorrect viscosity oil can shorten engine life.
Under normal use when temperatures do not
exceed 104 ° F (40 ° C), SAE 5W-30 will provide
good fuel economy and engine protection. See
the viscosity chart.Extreme engine operationSynthetic oils meeting SAE 0W-30 or 0W-40
and complying with oil quality requirements arerecommended for driving in areas of sustained
temperature extremes (hot or cold), when tow-
ing a trailer over long distances, and for pro-
longed driving in mountainous areas.
American Petroleum Institute (API)
symbol
G022917
American Petroleum Institute (API) symbolThe API Service Symbol "donut" is divided into
three parts:•
The upper section describes the oil's per-
formance level.
•
The center identifies the oil's viscosity.
•
The lower section indicates whether the oil
has demonstrated energy-conserving
properties in a standard test in comparison
to a reference oil.

09 Maintenance and servicing
Engine oil
09``209
NOTE
Volvo uses different systems to indicate a
low oil level or pressure. Some models have
an oil pressure sensor, in which case a
warning symbol (see page 56) is used to
indicate low oil pressure. Other models have
an oil level sensor, in which case the driver
is alerted by the warning symbol in the cen-
ter of the instrument panel and a text in the
information display. Some models use both
systems. Contact a trained and qualified
Volvo service technician for more informa-
tion.Changing engine oil and oil filterSee page 208 for oil specifications and page
268 for oil volumes. Refer to the Warranty and
Service Records Information booklet for infor-
mation on the oil change intervals.
NOTE
Volvo does not recommend the use of oil
additives.
Synthetic oil is not used when the oil is
changed at the normal maintenance inter-
vals except at owner request and at addi-
tional charge. Please consult a trained and
qualified Volvo service technician.
Checking and adding oil
G030880
Location of dipstick (1) and oil filler cap (2)The oil level should be checked every time the
vehicle is refueled. This is especially important
during the period up to the first scheduled
maintenance service.•
The vehicle should be parked on a level
surface when the oil is checked.
•
If the engine is warm, wait for at least
10-15 minutes after the engine has been
switched off before checking the oil.
Checking the oil•
Pull out the dipstick and wipe it with a lint-
free rag.
•
Reinsert the dipstick, pull it out, and check
the oil level.
•
Add oil if necessary. If the level is close to
theMIN mark, add approximately
1 US quart (1 liter) of oil.
•
Run the engine until it reaches normal
operating temperature.
•
Switch off the engine and wait for at least
10-15 minutes and recheck the oil level. If
necessary, add oil until the level is near the
mark.
•
Oil level should be between the MIN and
MAX marks on the dipstick.

09 Maintenance and servicingEngine oil
09210
G030881
CAUTION
Not checking the oil level regularly can result
in serious engine damage if the oil level
becomes too low.•
Never fill oil above the MAXmark. This
could cause an increase in oil consump-
tion.
•
Not checking the oil level regularly can
result in serious engine damage if the oil
level becomes too low.
•
Always add oil of the same type and
viscosity as already used.
WARNING
Do not allow oil to spill onto or come into
contact with hot exhaust pipe surfaces.

09 Maintenance and servicing
Fluids
09``211 Washer fluid reservoir
G027097
Washer fluid reservoirThe washer fluid reservoir is located in the
engine compartment and holds approx.
6.8 US qts (6.5 liters).
When there is less than approximately 1 US qt
(1 liter) remaining in the reservoir, the washer
fluid spray will be directed to the windshield
only.
During cold weather, the reservoir should be
filled with windshield washer solvent contain-
ing antifreeze.
Changing coolant
G027087
Coolant reservoirNormally, the coolant does not need to be
changed. If the system must be drained, con-
sult a trained and qualified Volvo service tech-
nician.
CAUTION
•
If necessary, top up the cooling system
with Volvo Genuine Coolant/Antifreeze
only (a 50/50 mix of water and anti-
freeze).
•
Different types of antifreeze/coolant
may not be mixed.
•
If the cooling system is drained, it
should be flushed with clean water or
premixed anti-freeze before it is refilled
with the correct mixture of water/anti-
freeze.
•
The cooling system must always be
kept filled to the correct level, and the
level must be between the MIN and
MAX marks. If it is not kept filled, there
can be high local temperatures in the
engine which could result in damage.
Check coolant regularly!
•
Do not top up with water only. This
reduces the rust-protective and anti-
freeze qualities of the coolant and has a
lower boiling point. It can also cause
damage to the cooling system if it
should freeze.
•
Do not use chlorinated tap water in the
vehicles cooling system.

09 Maintenance and servicingFluids
09212
WARNING
•
Never remove the radiator cap while the
engine is warm. Wait until the vehicle
cools.
•
If it is necessary to top up the coolant
when the engine is warm, unscrew the
expansion tank cap slowly so that the
overpressure dissipates.
Brake fluid reservoir
G000000
The brake fluid should always be above the
MIN mark on the side of the reservoir. Check,
without removing the cap, that there is suffi-
cient fluid in the reservoir.Fluid type: DOT 4+ boiling point >536 °F
(280 °C), P/N 9437433.
Replace: Every second year or 30,000 miles
(48,000 km). The fluid should be replaced once
a year or every 15,000 miles (24,000 km) when
driving under extremely hard conditions
(mountain driving, etc.).
Always entrust brake fluid changing to a
trained and qualified Volvo service technician.
Power steering fluid reservoir
FULL
ADD
G026991
The fluid level should always be between the
ADD and FULL marks.Fluid type: Volvo synthetic power steering fluid
(Pentosin CHF 11S) P/N 1161529 or equiva-
lent.
Replace: No fluid change required.
If a problem should occur in the power steering
system or if the vehicle has no electrical current
and must be towed, it is still possible to steer
the vehicle. However, keep in mind that greater
effort will be required to turn the steering
wheel.

09 Maintenance and servicingBattery
09214
Battery maintenance
A
G030882
Two types of battery may be used and are fully
interchangeableThe battery in your vehicle is located under the
floor of the cargo compartment.
Driving habits and conditions, climate, the
number of starts, etc. all affect the service life
and function of the battery. In order for your
battery to perform satisfactorily, keep the fol-
lowing in mind:
G030883
•
Check the fluid level in each cell in the bat-
tery every 24 months or every 15,000
1
miles (24,000 km), whichever is sooner.
The fluid should be at the level shown in the
illustration above (A)
2. Do not overfill.
•
Use a screw driver to open the caps or
cover and a flashlight to inspect the level.
•
If necessary, add distilled water. The level
should never be above the indicator (A)
2.
•
The fluid level should be checked if the
battery has been recharged.
•
After inspection, be sure the cap over each
battery cell or cover is securely in place.
•
Check that the battery cables are correctly
connected and properly tightened. Route
ventilation hose through opening in floor
(see one of the illustrations in "Replacing
the battery" on page 215).
•
Never disconnect the battery when the
engine is running, for example when
changing the battery.
•
The battery should be disconnected from
the vehicle when a battery charger is used
directly on the battery.
•
However, if the battery is being charged via
the connecting points in the engine com-
partment (see page 141), the battery must
be connected.WARNING
PROPOSITION 65 WARNING!
Battery posts, terminals, and related acces-
sories contain lead and lead compounds,
chemicals known to the state of California
to cause cancer and reproductive harm.
Wash hands after handling.
1More frequently in warm climates.2The level indicator inside the battery could be designed in various ways. See illustrations.

09 Maintenance and servicing
Replacing bulbs
09``217
When replacing bulbs, keep the following
points in mind:•
Never touch the glass of bulbs with your
fingers. Grease and oils from your fingers
vaporize in the heat and will leave a deposit
on the reflector, which will damage it.
•
The optional Active Bi-Xenon headlight
bulbs contain trace amounts of mercury.
These bulbs should always be disposed of
by an authorized Volvo retailer.
•
The following bulbs should only be
replaced by a trained and qualified Volvo
service technician:
– Active Bi-Xenon headlights,
– Courtesy (dome) lighting,
– Reading lights,
– Glove compartment lights
– Turn signals and courtesy lights in the side
door mirrors
– High-mounted brake lights
Replacing high/low beams/turn signal/
parking light bulbs
WARNING
•
The engine should not be running when
changing bulbs.
•
When changing in the headlight hous-
ing, if the engine has been running just
prior to replacing bulbs, please be
aware that components in the engine
compartment will be hot.
G027081
The entire lamp housing must be lifted out
when replacing these bulbs.
To lift out the lamp housing:1. Switch off the ignition.
2. Open the hood.
3. Pull up the retaining pins (see the illustra-
tion).
4. Lift out the lamp housing.
G027083
WARNING
Active Bi-Xenon headlights (option) - due to
the high voltage used by these headlights,
these bulbs should only be replaced by a
trained and qualified Volvo service techni-
cian.

09 Maintenance and servicingFuses
09224
Replacing fuses
5
G026981
Relays/fuse box in the engine compart-
mentFuse box in the passenger compartment,
behind the plastic coverFuse box in the passenger compartment,
on the edge of the dashboardFuse box in the cargo compartmentAuxiliary fuse box in the cargo compart-
ment *certain markets only(
If an electrical component fails to function, it is
possible that a fuse has blown.
The fuse boxes are located in four different
places, see the illustration above.A label on the inside of each cover indicates the
amperage and the electrical components that
are connected to each fuse.
The easiest way to see if a fuse is blown is to
remove it. Pull the fuse straight out. If a fuse is
difficult to remove, you will find a special fuse
removal tool (and several extra fuses) in the
passenger compartment fuse box on the driv-
er's end of dashboard. From the side, examine
the curved metal wire (see the illustration) to
see if it is broken. If so, put in a new fuse of the
same color and amperage (written on the
fuse). Spare fuses are stored in the fuse box in
the engine compartment and the passenger
compartment. If fuses burn out repeatedly,have the electrical system inspected by a
trained and qualified Volvo service technician.
WARNING
Never use metal objects or fuses with higher
amperage than those stated on the follow-
ing pages. Doing so could seriously damage
or overload the vehicle's electrical system.