brake sensor VOLVO XC90 T8 2017 Owner´s Manual

DRIVER SUPPORT
}}
293
Function symbol
Distance and target vehicle symbol
Steering assistance symbol
Instrument panel
Speed indication (generic illustration)
Set speed
Speed of the vehicle ahead
Your vehicle's current speed.
See also the article "Pilot assist symbols and messages" for additional information.
Collision warning
Warning light in the windshield
Pilot Assist can exert brake force that is equiva- lent to approximately 40% of the vehicle's totalbraking capacity. In situations requiring more brake force than Pilot Assist can provide and if the driver does notapply the brakes, an audible signal and warninglight will illuminate in the windshield to alert thedriver to react.
NOTE
Strong sunlight, reflections, extreme light con- trasts, the use of sunglasses, or if the driver isnot looking straight ahead may make the vis-ual warning signal in the windshield difficult tosee.
WARNING
Pilot Assist only provides warnings for vehi- cles that its radar sensor and camera havedetected. For this reason, a warning may begiven later than expected or not at all. Thedriver should never wait for a warning beforeapplying the brakes.

DRIVER SUPPORT
}}
* Option/accessory.299
In standby mode, the driver will have to regulate the vehicle's speed and the distance to the vehi-cle ahead. When Pilot Assist is in standby mode and your vehicle comes too close to another vehicle, thedriver will be alerted by the Distance Alert func-tion.
Standby mode due to action by the driver
Pilot Assist is temporarily deactivated and put in standby mode if:
• the brakes are applied
• The gear selector is moved to
N
• the turn signals are used for more than1 minute
• the vehicle is driven faster than the setspeed for more than 1 minute.
A temporary increase in speed, such as whenpassing another vehicle, does not affect the PilotAssist set speed. The vehicle will return to the setspeed when the accelerator pedal is released. When the turn signals are used, Pilot Assist's steering function will be temporarily deactivated.When this is no longer the case, the steeringfunction will reactivate if the traffic lane's sidemarker lines can still be detected.
Automatic standby mode
Pilot Assist interacts with other systems, such as Electronic Stability Control. If any of these other systems are not functioning properly, Pilot Assistwill automatically be deactivated.
WARNING
If this happens, the driver will be alerted by an audible signal and a message in the instru-ment panel. The driver will have to adapt thevehicle's speed, apply the brakes when nec-essary and keep a safe distance to the vehicleahead.
Pilot Assist switches automatically to standby mode if: • the vehicle's speed is below approx. 3 mph(5 km/h) and Pilot Assist cannot determine ifa vehicle ahead is a stationary vehicle or anobject.
• the vehicle's speed is below approx. 3 mph(5 km/h) and the vehicle ahead turns so thatPilot Assist no longer has a vehicle to follow(target vehicle).
• the driver's hands are not on the steeringwheel
• the driver's door is opened
• the driver unbuckles the seat belt
• engine speed (rpm) is too high/low
• the wheels lose traction
• brake temperature is too high
• the parking brake is set •
The camera lens/radar sensor is covered bye.g., snow or if heavy rain interferes withradar wavesReactivating Pilot Assist from standby
mode
Generic illustration
–Press the button (1).
> The most recently set speed will be used.
WARNING
There may be a significant increase in speed after the
button has been pressed.
Related information
• Pilot Assist
* (p. 291)
• Starting and activating Pilot Assist (p. 294)
• Changing Pilot Assist speed (p. 296)

||
DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
302
WARNING
Pilot Assist is not a collision avoidance sys- tem. The driver is always responsible forsteering or applying the brakes if the systemdoes not detect another vehicle. Do not use Pilot Assist in demanding driving conditions such as city driving or other heavytraffic situations, in slippery conditions, whenthere is a great deal of water or slush on theroad, during heavy rain or snow, in poor visibil-ity, on winding roads or on highway on- or off-ramps. In certain situations, it may be difficult for Pilot Assist to assist the driver correctly or to deac-tivate automatically. In such cases, it is advisa-ble not to use Pilot Assist. Examples of suchsituations may be:
• the lane's side market lines are missing, badly faded or cross each other.
• the division of lanes is not clear, e.g.,when a line divides or merges withanother, at exits or if there are many roadsigns/markers.
• there are edges or other lines on or nearthe lane, e.g., curbs, cracks, repairedareas, sharp shadows, etc.
• the lane is narrow or winding.
• the lane is at the top of a hill, on anuneven road surface or over a bump.
•bad weather conditions (rain, snow, fog, slush, poor visibility, backlighting, etc).
The driver should also be aware that Pilot Assist has the following limitations: • High curbs, barriers and temporary obsta- cles (cones, barriers etc) may not bedetected or could be detected incorrectlyas side marker lines, which may create arisk of collision. The driver must ensure asafe distance to these obstacles.
• The camera or radar sensor may not beable to detect objects if there are pot-holes or if there are stationary objectspartially or completely blocking the road.
• Pilot Assist does not "see" pedestrians,animals, etc.
• Pilot Assist's steering capacity is limitedand may not always be able to help thedriver keep the vehicle in the lane.
The driver can always take action to override PilotAssist.
Steep roads and/or heavy loadsPilot Assist is primarily intended for use on rela-tively level roads. The function may not be able tomaintain the correct time interval to the vehicleahead on when driving down steep hills. Thedriver should be attentive and prepared to applythe brakes in these situations. Do not use Pilot Assist when the vehicle is trans-porting a heavy load or if it is towing a trailer.
Additional information
•
The Off Road drive mode cannot be
selected if Pilot Assist is activated.
• Pilot Assist uses the vehicle's camera and radar sensor, which have certain general limi-tations. See the articles "Camera limitations"and "Radar sensor limitations" for additionalinformation.
Related information
•
Pilot Assist
* (p. 291)
• Starting and activating Pilot Assist (p. 294)
• Changing Pilot Assist speed (p. 296)
• Setting a Pilot Assist time interval (p. 297)
• Changing target vehicles and automaticbraking with Pilot Assist (p. 300)
• Deactivating/resuming Pilot Assist (p. 298)
• Passing Assistance with Adaptive CruiseControl or Pilot Assist (p. 285)
• Pilot Assist symbols and messages (p. 303)
• Radar sensor limitations (p. 305)
• Camera limitations (p. 309)

DRIVER SUPPORT
312
City Safety™
City Safety ™ is a support system designed to
help alert the driver to pedestrians, cyclists, large animals and vehicles that may appear suddenlyin front of your vehicle by providing visual, audi-ble and haptic alerts. The vehicle will brake auto-matically if the driver is unable to react quicklyenough.
City Safety introduction
Location of the camera and radar sensor (generic illus- tration)
City Safety can help prevent a collision or lower the vehicle's speed at the point of impact.
WARNING
• City Safety
™ is a supplemental aid to the
driver. It can never replace the driver

DRIVER SUPPORT
}}
313
WARNING
Warnings will only be provided if there is an imminent risk of a collision taking place. Thedriver should be aware of the system's limita-tions before operating the vehicle. Warnings and automatic braking for pedes- trians and cyclists are deactivated at speedsabove approx. 43 mph (70 km/h). City Safety's auto-brake function can help prevent a collision or reduce the speed atwhich a collision occurs. However, the drivershould always apply the brakes, even if auto-brake is operating. The driver is always responsible for maintain- ing the correct speed and distance in relationto the vehicle ahead. Never wait for a collisionwarning or for City Safety to intervene. City Safety does not activate the auto-brake function during fast acceleration. City Safety maintenance may only be carried out by a trained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician.
Function overview
Audio-visual collision warning
Distance monitoring by a camera and radar sensor
When triggered, City Safety carries out threesteps in the following order: 1. Collision warning
2. Brake assistance
3. Auto-brake
1: Collision warningThe driver is first alerted to the risk of an immi- nent collision. City Safety can detect pedestrians, cyclists or vehicles that are stationary, are moving in thesame direction as your vehicle or are in your vehi-cle's path. City Safety can also detect pedestrians, large ani-mals or cyclists that are crossing in front of yourvehicle. If there is a risk of a collision with a pedestrian, cyclist, large animal or a vehicle, as well as vehi-cles described in the article "City Safety in cross-ing traffic," the driver will be alerted by a flashingred warning signal, an audible signal and a hapticwarning in the form of pulsations in the brakepedal. At lower speeds, during hard braking or ifthe accelerator pedal is pressed, the haptic warn-ing will not be given.
2: Brake assistanceIf the risk of a collision increases, brake supportwill be activated. This function increases pressure on the brake pedal if the driver does not apply enough pres-sure to the pedal.
3: Auto-brakeThe brakes will be applied automatically. If the driver has not taken action at this stage and a collision is imminent, auto-braking will be trig-gered. Full braking effect will be used to avoidthe collision if possible or to make the speed atthe point of impact as low as possible. In certain situations, auto-braking may begin with limited effect before full braking is used. If City Safety has prevented a collision, the vehi- cle will be kept at a standstill until the driver

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.345
Side park assist
The system's side sensors are activated automat- ically when the engine is started and are active atspeeds below approximately 6 mph (10 km/h). The distance monitored along the sides of the vehicle is approximately 1 ft (30 cm). The audiblesignal comes from the side speakers.
Front park assist
The system's front sensors are activated auto- matically when the engine is started and areactive at speeds below approximately 6 mph(10 km/h). The distance monitored in front of the vehicle is approximately 2.5 ft (80 cm). The audible signalcomes from the front speakers. Front Park Assist is deactivated if the parking brake is applied or if the gear selector is put in P.
When installing auxiliary headlights, be sure that they do not obstruct the front sensors. Otherwise,these lights could trigger a Park Assist warning.
Related information
• Activating/deactivating Park Assist (p. 345)
• Park Assist limitations (p. 346)
• Park assist symbols and messages (p. 347)
Activating/deactivating Park Assist
The Park Assist system can be turned on or off.
On/OffPark Assist's front and side sensors are activated automatically when the engine is started. Therear sensors activate if the vehicle rolls rearward in N or if R is selected.
This function can be activated/ deactivated in the center dis-play's Function view.
–Tap the Park Assist button.
> Green indicator: the function is active. Gray indicator: the function is deactivated.
Related information
• Park Assist
* (p. 344)
• Park Assist limitations (p. 346)
• Park assist symbols and messages (p. 347)

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
346
Park Assist limitations
The Park Assist system has certain limitations.
NOTE
A trailer hitch whose wiring is integrated with the vehicle's electrical system will be takeninto account when measuring the availablespace behind the vehicle.
NOTE
• The system will not detect high objects, such as a loading dock, etc.
• Certain materials or fabrics may not bedetected by the sensors. Objects made ofthese materials or people wearing cloth-ing made of these fabrics may not bedetected.
• Children or animals near the vehicle maynot always be detected.
• Objects such as chains, thin shiny polesor low objects may temporarily not bedetected by the system. This may resultin the pulsing tone unexpectedly stoppinginstead of changing to a constant tone asthe vehicle approaches the object. Insuch cases, use caution when backing upor stop the vehicle to help avoid damage.
• In certain circumstances, the park assistsystem may give unexpected warning sig-nals that can be caused by externalsound sources that use the same ultra-sound frequencies as the system. Thismay include such things as the horns ofother vehicles, wet tires on asphalt, pneu-matic brakes, motorcycle exhaust pipes,other vehicles with similar ultrasound sys-tems, etc. This does not indicate a fault inthe system.
Cleaning the sensors
Location of the Park Assist sensors
The sensors must be cleaned regularly to ensure that they work properly. Clean them with waterand a suitable car washing detergent.
NOTE
If the sensors are obstructed by e.g., dirt, snow, or ice, this could result in false warningsignals from the park assist system or thesystem may not function at all.
Related information
•
Park Assist
* (p. 344)
• Activating/deactivating Park Assist (p. 345)
• Park assist symbols and messages (p. 347)

||
DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
358 adjusted by driving slightly forward and backing up. 1.
Put the gear selector in D, wait until the
steering wheel has turned and drive forward slowly.
2. Stop the vehicle when you are instructed by PAP to do so.
3. Put the gear selector in R, back up slowly
and stop when you are instructed by PAP todo so.
When the parking procedure is finished (this willbe indicated by a text message and a graphicimage), PAP switches off automatically. If neces-sary, the driver may need to make minor adjust-ments to ensure that the vehicle is parked cor-rectly.
CAUTION
The warning distance is shorter when PAP is using the sensors than when Park Assist isusing them.
Leaving a parking spaceThis function can only be used for a vehicle that has been par-
allel parked and is activated in
the center display's Function view.
1. Tap the Park out button in the center display's
Function view. 2. Use the turn signal to indicate the direction in which the vehicle should leave the parking space. 3. Follow the instructions provided in the center display. The procedure is the same as when park-ing the vehicle. The steering wheel may turn back slightly when the function is completed and the driver mayhave to turn the back before leaving the parkingspace. If PAP determines that the driver can leave the parking space without assistance, the functionwill deactivate before the vehicle is completelyout of the space.
Related information
• Park Assist Pilot (PAP)
* (p. 354)
• Park Assist Pilot (PAP)
* limitations (p. 358)
• Park Assist Pilot (PAP)
* symbols and mes-
sages (p. 360)
Park Assist Pilot (PAP) * limitations
The PAP function may be limited in certain situa- tions.
The PAP parking sequence is cancelledA parking sequence will be cancelled:
• if the vehicle is driven too fast: above approx. 4 mph (7 km/h)
• if the driver taps
Cancel in the center display
• if the driver moves the steering wheel with sufficient force.
• if the anti-lock brakes or Electronic StabilityControl are activated (e.g., if a wheel beginsto spin or lose traction)
In such cases, a text message will explain whythe parking sequence was cancelled.
NOTE
• PAP will not function correctly if its sen- sors are obstructed by dirt, snow, etc.
• In certain situations, PAP may not be ableto measure a parking space. This couldbe due to external sources of sound (e.g.,a vehicle's horn, tires on wet asphalt,pneumatic brakes, noise from a motorcy-cle's exhaust, etc.) emitting ultrasoundusing approximately the same frequen-cies as PAP.

||
STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
364
Instrument panel symbols
Symbol Explanation
A
BRed
symbol: Check the brake fluid
level. If the level is low, top up and have the system inspected todetermine the cause of the loss offluid. Yellow symbol: there is a fault in
the brake pedal sensor.
A
B Steady glow for more than 2 seconds: there is a fault in theABS system. The normal brakesystem will still function but with-out ABS brake modulation.
If Brake pedalCharacteristics
changed Service required is
displayed, the Brake-by-Wire sys- tem is not functioning properly.The brake pedal must be pressedfarther down and with more pres-sure for braking effect.
A US models
B Canadian models
WARNING
If both symbols illuminate at the same time and the brake level is below the MIN mark in
the reservoir or if a brake system-related mes-sage is shown in the instrument panel: DO
NOT DRIVE . Have the vehicle towed to a
trained and qualified Volvo service technician and have the brake system inspected. If both symbols illuminate at the same time and the brake level is normal (not below the
MIN mark in the reservoir) or if a brake sys-
tem-related message is shown in the instru- ment panel: drive the vehicle carefully to anauthorized Volvo workshop and have thebrake system inspected by a trained andqualified Volvo service technician.
Related information
• Brake functions (p. 364)
• Brake assist system (p. 365)
• Emergency brake lights (p. 366)
• General information about Twin Engine Plug- in Hybrid vehicles (p. 16)
Brake functions
The vehicle's standard braking features are aug- mented by a number of auxiliary help functions.
In addition to the wheel brakes and the parking brake, the vehicle is equipped with several auto-matic brake assist functions. These systems helpthe driver by e.g., keeping the vehicle stationarywhen the brake pedal is not depressed (at a traf-fic light or intersection), when starting up a hill orwhen driving down a hill. These systems include: • Auto-hold brakes
• Hill Start Assist
• Braking assist after a collision
• Hill Descent Control
*
Related information
•Brakes (p. 362)
• Parking brake (p. 369)
• Hill Descent Control (HDC) (p. 366)
• Auto-hold brake function (p. 365)

||
STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
378
Vehicle with pneumatic suspension *
If the vehicle is equipped with the optional pneu- matic suspension, this feature must be deacti-vated before the vehicle is lifted onto a tow truck. To do so:1.
Tap
Settings in the center display's Top
view.
2. Tap
My CarSuspension .
3. Select
Disable Leveling Control.
Jump startingDo not attempt to start the engine by towing the vehicle. This could result in damage to the three-way catalytic converter and the electric motor.Use a 12-volt auxiliary battery or one in anothervehicle.
WARNING
PROPOSITION 65 WARNING! Battery posts, terminals, and related accesso- ries contain lead and lead compounds, chemi-cals known to the state of California to causecancer and reproductive harm. Wash handsafter handling.
CAUTION
Connect the jumper cables carefully to avoid short circuits with other components in theengine compartment.
WARNING
• Do not connect the jumper cable to any part of the fuel system or to any movingparts. Avoid touching hot manifolds.
• Batteries generate hydrogen gas, whichis flammable and explosive.
• Battery fluid contains sulfuric acid. Do notallow battery fluid to contact eyes, skin,fabrics or painted surfaces. If contactoccurs, flush the affected area immedi-ately with water. Obtain medical helpimmediately if eyes are affected.
• Never expose the battery to open flameor electric spark.
• Do not smoke near the battery.
• Failure to follow the instructions for jumpstarting can lead to injury.
Related information
• Towing eyelet (p. 376)
• Jump starting (p. 382)
• Parking brake (p. 369)
• Ignition modes (p. 389)
Fuel Volvo recommends the use of detergent gaso- line to control engine deposits.
Deposit control gasoline (detergent
additives)
Detergent gasoline is effective in keeping injec- tors and intake valves clean. Consistent use ofdeposit control gasolines will help ensure gooddrivability and fuel economy. If you are not surewhether the gasoline contains deposit controladditives, check with the service station operator.
NOTE
Volvo does not recommend the use of exter- nal fuel injector cleaning systems.
Unleaded fuelEach Volvo has a three-way catalytic converter and must use only unleaded gasoline. U.S. andCanadian regulations require that pumps deliver-ing unleaded gasoline be labeled "UNLEADED".Only these pumps have nozzles which fit yourvehicle's filler inlet. It is unlawful to dispense lea-ded fuel into a vehicle labeled "unleaded gaso-line only". Leaded gasoline damages the three-way catalytic converter and the heated oxygensensor system. Repeated use of leaded gasolinewill lessen the effectiveness of the emission con-trol system and could result in loss of emissionwarranty coverage. State and local vehicle