cooling VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE 2018 User Guide

||DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
378
Related information
• Steering assistance at risk of collision
(p. 372) Activating/deactivating Steering
assistance during collision risks
from behind*
The driver can choose to have this function On
or Off.
To switch it off:
1.

Select Settings My Car IntelliSafe
in
the center display's Top view.
2. Deselect Collision avoidance assistance.
>

The function will be deactivated.
NOTE When the
Collision avoidance assistance
function is deactivated, all subfunctions of the
following are deactivated:
• Steering assistance at risk of run-off
• Steering assistance at risk of head-on
collision
• Steering assistance during collision risks
from behind*
Although it is possible to deactivate the func-
tion, the driver is advised to keep it activated
since it can help improve driving safety in
most cases.
Related information
• Steering assistance at risk of collision
(p. 372) Limitations of steering assistance
during collision risks from behind
The function may have limited functionality in
certain situations and not intervene, e.g.:
•
for smaller vehicles such as motorcycles
• if more than half of your vehicle has moved
into the adjacent lane
• on roads/lanes with indistinct or no side lane
markings
• outside the speed range 60-140 km/h
(37-87 mph)
• when the power steering works at reduced
power - e.g. during cooling due to overheat-
ing (see section "Speed-dependent steering
force").
Functionality may also be reduced in other situa-
tions, such as: • road work
• winter driving conditions
• narrow roads
• poor road surfaces
• a very sporty driving style
• bad weather with reduced visibility.
In these demanding driving conditions, the func-
tion may not be able to properly assist the driver.
In these situations, it is recommended that it is
turned off.

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
400 Park Assist Pilot* limitations
Park Assist Pilot PAP 127
may not be able to
detect all conditions in all situations and func-
tionality may therefore be limited.
WARNING •
The PAP function is supplementary driver
support intended to facilitate driving and
help make it safer – it cannot handle all
situations in all traffic, weather and road
conditions.
• Pay particular attention to people and
animals near the vehicle.
• Bear in mind that the front end of the
vehicle may swing out towards oncoming
traffic during the parking maneuver.
• Objects situated higher than the detec-
tion area of the sensors are not included
when the parking maneuver is calculated,
which could cause PAP to swing into the
parking space too early. Such parking
spaces should be avoided for this reason.
• PAP is not a substitute for the driver's
attention and judgment. The driver is
always responsible for ensuring the vehi-
cle is driven in a safe manner, at the
appropriate speed, with an appropriate
distance to other vehicles, and in accord-
ance with current traffic rules and regula-
tions.
The driver should be aware of the following limi-
tations for Park Assist Pilot:The parking sequence is cancelledA parking sequence will be cancelled if:
• the driver moves the steering wheel
• the vehicle's speed exceeds 7 km/h (4 mph)
• the driver taps
Cancel in the center display
• when the anti-lock brakes or the Electronic
stability control are engaged - e.g. when a
wheel loses grip on a slippery road
• when the power steering works at reduced
power - e.g. during cooling due to overheat-
ing (see section "Speed-dependent steering
force").
A message in the center display will explain why
the parking sequence was cancelled.
CAUTION Under certain circumstances, PAP may not be
able to find parking spaces – one reason may
be that the sensors are disrupted by external
sound sources that emit the same ultrasonic
frequencies that the system works with.
Examples of such sources include horns, wet
tires on asphalt, pneumatic brakes, exhaust
noise from motorcycles, etc.
127
Park Assist Pilot

HYBRID INFORMATION
}}
413 •
Disconnect the charger from the wall out-
let before cleaning it.
• Never connect the charging cable to an
extension cord or a multiple plug socket.
Also, refer to the manufacturer's instructions
for using the charging cable and its compo-
nents.
CAUTION Make sure that the 120/240 V outlet (AC,
alternating current) has a power capacity suf-
ficient for charging electric vehicles. If you are
uncertain of the capacity, have the outlet
checked by a licensed electrician.
Take out the charging cable from the storage
compartment under the cargo area. Note that the
ignition must be switched off completely before
charging. Plug the charging cable into a 120/240 V
outlet. Never use an extension cord.
Open the charger door and remove the
charging socket's protective cover. Push the
charging handle all the way into the vehicle's
socket.3.

The charging cable handle will lock into
place and charging will begin within
5 seconds. When charging starts, the green
LED light in the charging socket will begin to
flash. The approximate remaining charging
time or the charging status will be displayed
in the instrument panel.
Charging may be temporarily interrupted if
the vehicle is unlocked:
• and a door is open ‒ charging will restart
within a few minutes.
• if no door is opened ‒ the vehicle will
automatically relock. Charging will resume
after 1 minute.
CAUTION Never detach the charging cable from the
120/240 V outlet (AC, alternating current)
while charging is in progress – the
120/240 V outlet could be damaged in such
circumstances. Always interrupt charging first
and then disconnect the charging cable – first
from the vehicle's charging socket and then
from the 120/240 V outlet.
During charging, condensation from the air con-
ditioning may form under the vehicle. This is nor-
mal and is caused by the hybrid battery cooling.

STARTING AND DRIVING
}}
* Option/accessory. 445
Drive modes
Drive modes affect the vehicle's driving charac-
teristics in different ways to enhance and sim-
plify the driving experience in certain types of sit-
uations. Drive modes enable easy access to the vehicle's
many functions and settings in different driving
situations. The following systems are adapted to
help optimize driving characteristics in each drive
mode:
• Steering
• Engine/transmission/all-wheel drive
• Brakes
• Pneumatic suspension* and shock absorbers
• Instrument panel
• Climate control settings
Select the drive mode that is best suited to the
current driving conditions. Keep in mind that not
all drive modes are available in all situations.
Available drive modes
WARNING Keep in mind that the vehicle does not emit
any engine noise when using the electric
motor and may therefore be difficult to detect
for children, pedestrians, cyclists or animals.
This is particularly true at low speeds, e.g. in
parking lots.
WARNING
Do not leave the vehicle in an unventilated
area with a drive mode activated and the com-
bustion engine switched off. The engine will
start automatically if the charge level in the
hybrid battery is low and the resulting exhaust
gases can be very harmful to people and ani-
mals.
HYBRID
•
This is the default mode in which the electric
motor and combustion engine work together.
The vehicle starts in Hybrid mode. The control
system uses both the electric motor and the gas-
oline engine - separately or in tandem - and cal-
culates optimal utilization with regard to perform-
ance, fuel consumption and comfort. At high
speeds, ground clearance is automatically low-
ered 4
to reduce air resistance. Driving capacity on
the electric motor alone is determined by factors such as the hybrid battery's charge level, the
need for heat/cooling in the passenger compart-
ment, etc.
If there is sufficient charge in the battery, it is
possible to drive solely on electric power. When
the accelerator pedal is pressed, only the electric
motor will be activated until the battery reaches a
certain charge level. Above this level, the current
in the battery cannot supply the power requested
by the accelerator pedal and the combustion
engine will start.
When the hybrid battery's charge level is low, the
combustion engine will start more frequently to
save the remaining current in the battery. Charge
the hybrid battery from a 120-240 volt outlet
using a charging cable, or activate
Charge in
Function view to reset the option of only using
the electric motor.
This drive mode is designed for low energy con-
sumption with an optimized mix between the
electric motor and gasoline engine, without com-
promising on climate comfort or driving experi-
ence. When faster acceleration is requested by
the driver, the electric driveline will be utilized to
help provide maximum additional power. The
vehicle also monitors the driving conditions and
automatically engages all-wheel drive if neces-
sary. All-wheel drive and extra electric power are
always available regardless of the battery's
charging status. 4
For vehicles with pneumatic suspension.

||STARTING AND DRIVING
466
Minimum octane
Decals
Sample fuel pump octane label
6
. Decal on the inside of the fuel filler flap on cars that
require premium fuel
7
.TOP TIER Detergent GasolineVolvo endorses the use of "TOP TIER Detergent
Gasoline" where available to help maintain
engine performance and reliability. TOP TIER
Detergent Gasoline meets a new standard jointly
established by leading automotive manufactures
to meet the needs of today's advanced engines.
Qualifying gasoline retailers (stations) will, in
most cases, identify their gasoline as having met
the "TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline" standards.
NOTE Information about TOP TIER Detergent Gaso-
line is available at www.toptiergas.com.
NOTE
When switching to higher octane fuel or
changing gasoline brands, it may be neces-
sary to fill the tank more than once before a
difference in engine operation is noticeable.
Fuel FormulationsDo not use gasoline that contains lead or manga-
nese as a knock inhibitor, and do not use lead
additives. Besides damaging the exhaust emis-
sion control systems on your vehicle, lead has
been strongly linked to certain forms of cancer.Many fuels contain benzene as a solvent.
Unburned benzene has been strongly linked to
certain forms of cancer. If you live in an area
where you must fill your own gas tank, take pre-
cautions. These may include:
•
standing upwind away from the filler nozzle
while refueling
• refueling only at gas stations with vapor
recovery systems that fully seal the mouth of
the filler neck during refueling
• wearing neoprene gloves while handling a
fuel filler nozzle.
Use of AdditivesWith the exception of gas line antifreeze during
winter months, do not add solvents, thickeners, or
other store-bought additives to your vehicle's
fuel, cooling, or lubricating systems. Overuse may
damage your engine, and some of these additives
contain organically volatile chemicals. Do not
needlessly expose yourself to these chemicals.
WARNING Never carry a cell phone that is switched on
while refueling your vehicle. If the phone rings,
this may cause a spark that could ignite gaso-
line fumes, resulting in fire and injury.
6
AKI (Anti Knock Index) is an average value of RON (Research Octane Nu\
mber) and MON (Motor Octane Number) - (RON)+(MON)/2
7 For supplementary information - see the car's Service and Warranty Bo\
oklet.

STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
468 Overheating of engine and
transmission
In demanding driving conditions, such as driving
in mountainous areas or hot weather, there is a
risk of the engine or transmission overheating,
especially when carrying heavy loads.
• Engine power may be temporarily limited.
• Remove any auxiliary lights mounted in front
of the grille when driving in hot weather.
• If the temperature in the engine's cooling
system becomes too high, a warning symbol
will appear in the instrument panel along with
the message Engine temperature High
temperature Stop safely. Pull over to a safe location and let the engine idle for a few
minutes to cool down.
• If the message
Engine temperature High
temperature Turn off engine or Engine
coolant Level low, turn off engine is dis- played, stop the vehicle and turn off the
engine.
• If the transmission begins to overheat, an
alternative gear shifting program will be
selected. An integrated protective function
will also be activated, the warning symbol will
illuminate and the message Transmission
warm
Reduce speed to lower
temperature or Transmission hot Stop
safely, wait for cooling will be displayed in the instrument panel. Follow the recommen-
dations given by reducing speed or stopping the vehicle safely and letting the engine idle
for a few minutes to let the transmission
cool.
• If the vehicle begins to overheat, the air con-
ditioning may be temporarily switched off.
• After a prolonged period of driving in
demanding conditions, do not turn off the
engine immediately after stopping.
NOTE It is normal for the engine's cooling fan to
operate for a short time after the engine is
switched off.
Symbols in the instrument panel
Symbol
Meaning High engine temperature. Follow
the recommendations provided.
Low coolant level. Follow the rec-
ommendations provided.
Transmission hot/overheated/cool-
ing. Follow the recommendations
provided.
Related information
•
Refilling coolant (p. 612)
• Driving with a trailer (p. 472)
• Preparing for a long trip (p. 460)
• Gear indicator* (p. 442)

LOADING, STORAGE AND PASSENGER COMPARTMENT
585
WARNING•
Only use accessories that are not dam-
aged or malfunctioning. The accessories
must be designed for 120 V and 60 Hz,
with plugs intended for the outlet. The
accessories must be CE marked, UL
marked or have an equivalent safety
marking.
• New let outlets, plugs or accessories
come into contact with water or another
fluid. Do not touch or use the outlet if it
appears damaged or has been in contact
with water or another fluid.
• Do not connect power strips, adapters or
extension cords to the outlet has this
could cause the outlet's safety functions
to malfunction.
• The outlet is equipped with a pet guard.
Make sure that no one picks at or dam-
ages the outlet in such a way that the
guard is disabled. Children should not be
left unsupervised in the vehicle when the
outlet is active.
Failure to follow the above could lead to
severe or fatal electrical shocks.
Related information
• Electrical outlets (p. 582)
• Passenger compartment interior (p. 580) Using the glove compartment
The glove compartment is located on the pas-
senger side. The glove compartment can be
used to store the Owner's Manual, maps, etc.
There is also room for a pen and a card holder. Glove compartment and opening button on the center
console.
The glove compartment is opened by pressing
the opening button in the center console.
Locking and unlocking the glove box
The glove compartment can be locked ("private
locking") when the vehicle is left at a workshop,
hotel, etc. When private locking is activated, the
tailgate is also locked.
Using the glove box as a cooled area
The glove compartment can be used to cool e.g.
drinks or food. Cooling is possible when the cli-
mate system is active (i.e. when the ignition is in
mode II or when the engine is running). The illustration is generic – the design may vary.
Activate cooling
Deactivate cooling
– Activate or deactivate cooling by moving the
control as far as possible toward the passen-
ger compartment/glove compartment.
Related information
•
Passenger compartment interior (p. 580)
• Private Locking (p. 266)

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
609
Engine compartment overview
This overview shows some service-related com-
ponents. Some of the components included in the vehi-
cle's electric drive system are located in the
engine compartment. Exercise caution when
accessing the engine compartment and only
touch what is required for normal maintenance.
WARNING Orange wiring may only be handled by quali-
fied personnel.
WARNING
Several components in the vehicle work with
high voltage that can be hazardous in case of
an incorrect procedure.
• Do not touch anything that is not clearly
described in this Owner's Manual.
• Be careful when checking/filling fluids in
the engine compartment. The layout of the engine compartment may vary depend-
ing on model and engine variant.
Coolant expansion tank
Brake fluid reservoir (located on the driver's
side)
Washer fluid filler pipe
11 Fusebox
Air filter
Engine oil filler pipe
WARNING Bear in mind that the cooling fan (located at
the front of the engine compartment behind
the radiator) may start or continue running
automatically up to about 6 minutes after the
engine is turned off.
Always entrust engine washing to a workshop
– an authorized Volvo workshop is recom-
mended. If the engine is hot, there is a risk of
fire.
WARNING
The ignition system works with extremely high
and dangerous voltages. The vehicle electrical
system should always be in ignition mode 0
when work in being performed in the engine
compartment.
Do not touch any spark plugs or ignition coils
when the vehicle electrical system is in igni-
tion mode II or when the engine is warm.
Related information
•
Opening and closing the hood (p. 607)
• Filling washer fluid (p. 650)
• Refilling coolant (p. 612)
• Fuses in the engine compartment (p. 622)
• Checking and filling engine oil (p. 611)
• Ignition modes (p. 427) 11
Fill the washer fluid at regular intervals, e.g. when refueling.

||MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
612
NOTE
If the conditions for measuring oil level are
not properly fulfilled (time after engine shut-
down, vehicle inclination, ambient tempera-
ture, etc.) the message
No value available
will be shown in the center display. This does
not mean that anything is wrong in the vehi-
cle systems.
Related information
• Engine oil (p. 610)
• Engine oil specifications (p. 662)
• Ignition modes (p. 427)
• Vehicle status (p. 602) Refilling coolant
Coolant helps keep the combustion engine at
the right operating temperature. The heat trans-
ferred from the engine to the coolant can be
used to warm the passenger compartment.
When refilling coolant, follow the instructions on
the package. Never fill the cooling system with
only water. The risk of freezing is increased with
too low or too high amounts of coolant.
If there is coolant under the vehicle, smoke from
the cooling system, or if more than 2 liters (about
2 quarts) of coolant has been added to the sys-
tem, there could be something wrong with the
cooling system and starting the vehicle could
damage the engine. Call a tow truck and do not
attempt to start the engine.
WARNING The coolant may be very hot. Never unscrew
the cap when the coolant is hot. If coolant
must be filled, unscrew the expansion tank
cap slowly to relieve overpressure. Coolant expansion tank.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
}}
* Option/accessory. 613Lift the rubber strip by pressing it inward into
the engine compartment.
Remove the plastic cover by folding out the
catch and lifting the cover upward.
Unscrew the expansion tank cap and fill
coolant as needed. The level should be
between the MIN and MAX marks on the
expansion tank.
CAUTION •
Mix the coolant with water of acceptable
quality. If you are unsure of the quality of
the water, use a Volvo-recommended
premixed coolant.
• Make sure the coolant mixture is 50%
water and 50% coolant.
• Only use coolants with corrosion protec-
tion recommended by Volvo.
• To help ensure sufficient corrosion pro-
tection in the system, only use new cool-
ant when replacing larger components in
the cooling system.
• Never run the engine unless the cooling
system is properly filled. An improperly
filled cooling system could lead to high
temperatures and cracks in the cylinder
heads.
• High levels of chlorine, chlorides and
other salts may cause corrosion in the
cooling system.
Related information
•Engine compartment overview (p. 609)
• Coolant specifications (p. 663) Replacing bulbs
Halogen headlights are not available on all mod-
els and markets. Contact a Volvo retailer for
more information.
LED 13
bulbs must be replaced by a workshop.
An authorized Volvo workshop is recommended.
NOTE For information on lights not mentioned in
this article, contact a Volvo dealer or a certi-
fied Volvo service technician.
NOTE
Exterior lighting such as headlights and tail-
lights may develop temporary condensation
on the inside of the lens. This is normal. All
exterior lighting is designed to resist this.
Condensation is normally vented out of the
lamp housing once the light has been lit for
some period of time.
NOTE
Bulbs for active curve lighting* contain traces
of mercury and should therefore always be
submitted to a certified Volvo service techni-
cian. 13
LED (Ligth Emitting Diode)