fuel YAMAHA XMAX 400 2018 Owner's Manual

Periodic maintenance and adjustment
7-9
7 Clean the surface of the spark plug
gasket and its mating surface, and
then wipe off any grime from the spark
plug threads.
TIP
If a torque wrench is not available
when installing a spark plug, a good
estimate of the correct torque is 1/4…
1/2 turn past finger tight. However, the
spark plug should be tightened to the
specified torque as soon as possible.
EAU36112
Canister
This model is equipped with a canister
to prevent the discharging of fuel vapor
into the atmosphere. Before operating
this vehicle, make sure to check the
following:
Check each hose connection.
Check each hose and canister for
cracks or damage. Replace if
damaged.
Make sure that the canister
breather is not blocked, and if
necessary, clean it.
1. Spark plug gap
Spark plug gap:
0.7–0.8 mm (0.028–0.031 in)
Tightening torque:
Spark plug:
12.5 N·m (1.25 kgf·m, 9.22 lb·ft)1. Canister
2. Canister breather hose
2
1
ZAUM1458
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Periodic maintenance and adjustment
7-18
7
EAU21402
Valve clearance
The valve clearance changes with use,
resulting in improper air-fuel mixture
and/or engine noise. To prevent this
from occurring, the valve clearance
must be adjusted by a Yamaha dealer
at the intervals specified in the periodic
maintenance and lubrication chart.
EAU69760
Tires
Tires are the only contact between the
vehicle and the road. Safety in all con-
ditions of riding depends on a relatively
small area of road contact. Therefore, it
is essential to maintain the tires in good
condition at all times and replace them
at the appropriate time with the speci-
fied tires.
Tire air pressure
The tire air pressure should be
checked and, if necessary, adjusted
before each ride.
WARNING
EWA10504
Operation of this vehicle with im-
proper tire pressure may cause se-
vere injury or death from loss of
control.
The tire air pressure must be
checked and adjusted on cold
tires (i.e., when the temperature
of the tires equals the ambient
temperature).
The tire air pressure must be
adjusted in accordance with the
riding speed and with the total
weight of rider, passenger, car-
go, and accessories approved
for this model.
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Periodic maintenance and adjustment
7-35
7
EAU60701
Troubleshooting
Although Yamaha vehicles receive a
thorough inspection before shipment
from the factory, trouble may occur
during operation. Any problem in the
fuel, compression, or ignition systems,
for example, can cause poor starting
and loss of power.
The following troubleshooting charts
represent quick and easy procedures
for checking these vital systems your-
self. However, should your vehicle re-
quire any repair, take it to a Yamaha
dealer, whose skilled technicians have
the necessary tools, experience, and
know-how to service the vehicle prop-
erly.
Use only genuine Yamaha replace-
ment parts. Imitation parts may look
like Yamaha parts, but they are often
inferior, have a shorter service life and
can lead to expensive repair bills.
WARNING
EWA15142
When checking the fuel system, do
not smoke, and make sure there are
no open flames or sparks in the ar-
ea, including pilot lights from water
heaters or furnaces. Gasoline or
gasoline vapors can ignite or ex-
plode, causing severe injury or prop-
erty damage.
EAU76551Smart key system troubleshooting
Please check the following items when
the smart key system does not work.
Is the smart key turned on? (See
page 3-5.)
Is the smart key battery dis-
charged? (See page 3-6.)Is the smart key battery installed
correctly? (See page 3-6.)
Is the smart key being used in a lo-
cation with strong radio waves or
other electromagnetic noise? (See
page 3-1.)
Are you using the smart key that is
registered to the vehicle?
Is the vehicle battery discharged?
When the vehicle battery is dis-
charged, the smart key system will
not operate. Please have the vehi-
cle battery charged or replaced.
(See page 7-29.)
If the smart key system does not work
after checking the above items, have a
Yamaha dealer check the smart key
system.
TIP
See Emergency mode on page 7-38
for information on starting the engine
without the smart key.
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Periodic maintenance and adjustment
7-36
7
EAU68020
Troubleshooting charts
Starting problems or poor engine performance
1. FuelThere is enough fuel.
There is no fuel.
Check the battery.
Supply fuel.
The engine turns over
quickly.
The engine turns over
slowly.
Operate the electric
starter.
The engine does not
start.
Check the battery.
Wipe off with a dry
cloth and correct the
spark plug gap, or
replace the spark
plug.
Check the battery
lead connections,
and have a Yamaha
dealer charge the
battery if necessary.
2. BatteryThe battery is good.
The engine does not
start.
Check the ignition.
3. IgnitionWet
Dry
There is compression.
There is no
compression.
The engine does not start.
Have a Yamaha dealer check the vehicle.
Have a Yamaha dealer check the vehicle.
The engine does not
start.
Check the
compression.Have a Yamaha
dealer check the
vehicle.
Remove the spark
plug and check
the electrodes.
Operate the electric
starter.
Operate the electric
starter.
Check the fuel level
in the fuel tank.
4. Compression
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Scooter care and storage
8-2
8 structed. Also, thoroughly rinse
the area off with water, immedi-
ately dry it, and then apply a cor-
rosion protection spray.
Improper cleaning can damage
plastic parts (such as cowlings,
panels, windshields, headlight
lenses, meter lenses, etc.) and
the mufflers. Use only a soft,
clean cloth or sponge with wa-
ter to clean plastic. However, if
the plastic parts cannot be thor-
oughly cleaned with water, di-
luted mild detergent with water
may be used. Be sure to rinse
off any detergent residue using
plenty of water, as it is harmful
to plastic parts.
Do not use any harsh chemical
products on plastic parts. Be
sure to avoid using cloths or
sponges which have been in
contact with strong or abrasive
cleaning products, solvent or
thinner, fuel (gasoline), rust re-
movers or inhibitors, brake fluid,
antifreeze or electrolyte.
Do not use high-pressure wash-
ers or steam-jet cleaners since
they cause water seepage and
deterioration in the following ar-
eas: seals (of wheel and swing-
arm bearings, fork and brakes),
electric components (couplers,
connectors, instruments,
switches and lights), breather
hoses and vents.
For scooters equipped with a
windshield: Do not use strong
cleaners or hard sponges as
they will cause dulling or
scratching. Some cleaningcompounds for plastic may
leave scratches on the wind-
shield. Test the product on a
small hidden part of the wind-
shield to make sure that it does
not leave any marks. If the wind-
shield is scratched, use a quality
plastic polishing compound
af-
ter washing.
After normal use
Remove dirt with warm water, a mild
detergent, and a soft, clean sponge,
and then rinse thoroughly with clean
water. Use a toothbrush or bottlebrush
for hard-to-reach areas. Stubborn dirt
and insects will come off more easily if
the area is covered with a wet cloth for
a few minutes before cleaning.
After riding in the rain, near the sea, or
on salt-sprayed roads
Since sea salt or salt sprayed on roads
during winter are extremely corrosive
in combination with water, carry out
the following steps after each ride in
the rain, near the sea, or on salt-
sprayed roads.
TIP
Salt sprayed on roads in the winter
may remain well into spring.
1. Clean the scooter with cold water
and a mild detergent after the en-
gine has cooled down. NOTICE:
Do not use warm water since it
increases the corrosive action
of the salt.
[ECA10792]
2. Apply a corrosion protection spray
on all metal, including chrome-
and nickel-plated, surfaces to pre-
vent corrosion.
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Scooter care and storage
8-4
8
EAU36564
Storage
Short-term
Always store your scooter in a cool, dry
place and, if necessary, protect it
against dust with a porous cover. Be
sure the engine and the exhaust sys-
tem are cool before covering the
scooter.
NOTICE
ECA10821
Storing the scooter in a poorly
ventilated room or covering it
with a tarp, while it is still wet,
will allow water and humidity to
seep in and cause rust.
To prevent corrosion, avoid
damp cellars, stables (because
of the presence of ammonia)
and areas where strong chemi-
cals are stored.
Long-term
Before storing your scooter for several
months:
1. Follow all the instructions in the
“Care” section of this chapter.
2. Fill up the fuel tank and add fuel
stabilizer (if available) to prevent
the fuel tank from rusting and the
fuel from deteriorating.
3. Perform the following steps to
protect the cylinder, piston rings,
etc. from corrosion.
a. Remove the spark plug cap
and spark plug.
b. Pour a teaspoonful of engine
oil into the spark plug bore.
c. Install the spark plug cap onto
the spark plug, and then place
the spark plug on the cylinderhead so that the electrodes are
grounded. (This will limit spark-
ing during the next step.)
d. Turn the engine over several
times with the starter. (This will
coat the cylinder wall with oil.)
e. Remove the spark plug cap
from the spark plug, and then
install the spark plug and the
spark plug cap. WARNING! To
prevent damage or injury
from sparking, make sure to
ground the spark plug elec-
trodes while turning the en-
gine over.
[EWA10952]
4. Lubricate all control cables and
the pivoting points of all levers and
pedals as well as of the side-
stand/centerstand.
5. Check and, if necessary, correct
the tire air pressure, and then lift
the scooter so that both of its
wheels are off the ground. Alterna-
tively, turn the wheels a little every
month in order to prevent the tires
from becoming degraded in one
spot.
6. Cover the muffler outlet with a
plastic bag to prevent moisture
from entering it.
7. Remove the battery and fully
charge it. Store it in a cool, dry
place and charge it once a month.
Do not store the battery in an ex-
cessively cold or warm place [less
than 0 °C (30 °F) or more than 30
°C (90 °F)]. For more information
on storing the battery, see page
7-29.
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Specifications
9-1
9
Dimensions:
Overall length:
2185 mm (86.0 in)
Overall width:
766 mm (30.2 in)
Overall height:
1415/1465 mm (55.7/57.7 in)
Seat height:
800 mm (31.5 in)
Wheelbase:
1567 mm (61.7 in)
Ground clearance:
90 mm (3.54 in)
Minimum turning radius:
2.5 m (8.20 ft)
Weight:
Curb weight:
210 kg (463 lb)
Engine:
Combustion cycle:
4-stroke
Cooling system:
Liquid cooled
Valve train:
DOHC
Number of cylinders:
Single cylinder
Displacement:
395 cm³
Bore × stroke:
83.0 × 73.0 mm (3.27 × 2.87 in)
Compression ratio:
10.6 : 1
Starting system:
Electric starter
Lubrication system:
Wet sump
Engine oil:
Recommended brand:
YAMALUBE
SAE viscosity grades:
10W-40
Recommended engine oil grade:
API service SG type or higher, JASO
standard MA
Engine oil quantity:
Oil change:
1.50 L (1.59 US qt, 1.32 Imp.qt)
With oil filter removal:
1.70 L (1.80 US qt, 1.50 Imp.qt)
Final transmission oil:
Type:
YAMALUBE 10W-40 or SAE 10W-30 type
SE motor oil
Quantity:
0.25 L (0.26 US qt, 0.22 Imp.qt)
Coolant quantity:
Coolant reservoir (up to the maximum level
mark):
0.18 L (0.19 US qt, 0.16 Imp.qt)
Radiator (including all routes):
1.30 L (1.37 US qt, 1.14 Imp.qt)
Air filter:
Air filter element:
Oil-coated paper element
Fuel:
Recommended fuel:
Premium unleaded gasoline (Gasohol [E10]
acceptable)
Fuel tank capacity:
13 L (3.4 US gal, 2.9 Imp.gal)
Fuel reserve amount:
2.4 L (0.63 US gal, 0.53 Imp.gal)
Fuel injection:
Throttle body:
ID mark:
B741 00
Spark plug(s):
Manufacturer/model:
NGK/CR7E
Spark plug gap:
0.7–0.8 mm (0.028–0.031 in)
Clutch:
Clutch type:
Dry, centrifugal, shoe
Drivetrain:
Primary reduction ratio:
1.000
Final drive:
Gear
Secondary reduction ratio:
6.643 (31/14 x 42/14)
Transmission type:
V-belt automatic
Chassis:
Frame type:
Underbone
Caster angle:
26.5 °
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Consumer information
10-2
10
EAUM3881
Diagnostic connectors
The ABS and Fuel Injection diagnostic
connectors are located as shown.
EAU85300
Vehicle data recording
This model’s ECU stores certain vehi-
cle data to assist in the diagnosis of
malfunctions and for research, statisti-
cal analysis and development purpos-
es.
Although the sensors and recorded
data will vary by model, the main data
points are: Vehicle status and engine perfor-
mance data
 Fuel-injection and emission-relat-
ed data
This data will be uploaded only when a
special Yamaha diagnostic tool is at-
tached to the vehicle, such as when
maintenance checks or service proce-
dures are performed.
Vehicle data uploaded will be handled
appropriately according to the follow-
ing Privacy Policy.
Privacy Policy
Yamaha will not disclose this data to a third party except in the following cas-
es. In addition, Yamaha may provide
vehicle data to a contractor in order to
outsource services related to the han-
dling of vehicle data. Even in this case,
Yamaha will require the contractor to properly handle the vehicle data we
provided and Yamaha will appropriate-
ly manage the data.  With the consent of the vehicle
owner
 Where obligated by law
 For use by Yamaha in litigation
 When the data is not related to an
individual vehicle nor owner
1. ABS diagnostic connector
2. FI diagnostic connector
ZAUM1511
2
1
https://www.yamaha-motor.eu/eu/
privacy/privacy-policy.aspx
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11-1
11
Index
A
ABS ....................................................... 4-15
ABS warning light ................................... 4-1
Acceleration and deceleration ................ 6-3
Air filter elements and check hoses and
V-belt case air filter element ............... 7-15
Auxiliary DC jack ................................... 4-30
Auxiliary lights ....................................... 7-32
B
Battery .................................................. 7-29
Brake fluid, changing ............................ 7-24
Brake fluid level, checking .................... 7-23
Brake lever, front .................................. 4-13
Brake lever, rear.................................... 4-14
Brake levers, lubricating ....................... 7-26
Brake/tail light ....................................... 7-33
Braking.................................................... 6-4
C
Cables, checking and lubricating ......... 7-25
Canister................................................... 7-9
Care ........................................................ 8-1
Catalytic converters .............................. 4-21
Centerstand and sidestand, checking
and lubricating .................................... 7-27
Coolant ................................................. 7-13
D
Data recording, vehicle ......................... 10-2
Diagnostic connectors .......................... 10-2
Dimmer/Pass switch ............................. 4-12
E
Emergency mode.................................. 7-38
Engine break-in....................................... 6-5
Engine oil and oil filter element ............. 7-10
Engine serial number ............................ 10-1
Engine trouble warning light ................... 4-1
F
Final transmission oil ............................ 7-12
Front and rear brake lever free play,
checking ............................................. 7-21
Front and rear brake pads, checking.... 7-23
Front fork, checking .............................. 7-27
Front turn signal light ............................ 7-33
Fuel ....................................................... 4-19
Fuel consumption, tips for reducing ....... 6-5
Fuel tank cap ........................................ 4-18
Fuel tank overflow hose ........................ 4-20
Fuses, replacing.................................... 7-30
H
Handlebar position, adjusting ............... 4-26
Handlebar switches .............................. 4-12Hazard switch....................................... 4-12
Headlights ............................................ 7-32
High beam indicator light ....................... 4-1
Horn switch .......................................... 4-12
I
Identification numbers .......................... 10-1
Ignition circuit cut-off system............... 4-28
Indicator lights and warning lights ......... 4-1
K
Key, handling of smart and mechanical
keys ...................................................... 3-3
L
License plate light bulb, replacing........ 7-34
M
Main switch ............................................ 3-8
Maintenance and lubrication, periodic ... 7-4
Maintenance, emission control
system.................................................. 7-3
Matte color, caution ............................... 8-1
Model label ........................................... 10-1
Multi-function display ............................. 4-3
O
Operating range of the smart key
system.................................................. 3-2
P
Panels, removing and installing.............. 7-7
Parking ................................................... 6-6
Part locations ......................................... 2-1
R
Rear brake lock cable, adjusting .......... 7-22
Rear brake lock, checking .................... 7-22
Rear brake lock lever............................ 4-14
S
Safe-riding points ................................... 1-5
Safety information .................................. 1-1
Shock absorber assemblies,
adjusting............................................. 4-26
Sidestand ............................................. 4-27
Smart key ............................................... 3-5
Smart key battery, replacing .................. 3-6
Smart key system ................................... 3-1
Smart key system indicator light ............ 4-2
Smart key system, troubleshooting...... 7-35
Spark plug, checking ............................. 7-8
Specifications ......................................... 9-1
Speedometer .......................................... 4-2
Starting off.............................................. 6-3
Starting the engine ................................. 6-2
Steering, checking................................ 7-28
Stop/Run/Start switch .......................... 4-12
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