Carburetor YAMAHA YZ250F 2012 Owner's Manual

4-21
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER HEAD
REMOVING THE CYLINDER HEAD
Order Part name Q'ty Remarks
Seat and fuel tank Refer to "SEAT, FUEL TANK AND SIDE
COVERS" section.
Exhaust pipe and silencerRefer to "EXHAUST PIPE AND SILENCER"
section.
Radiator hose 1 Disconnect at cylinder head side.
Carburetor Refer to "CARBURETOR" section.
Camshaft Refer to "CAMSHAFTS" section.
Upper engine bracket Refer to "ENGINE REMOVAL" section.
1 Radiator pipe 1
2 Oil delivery pipe 1
3Nut 2
4 Bolt [L = 135 mm (5.31 in)] 2
5 Bolt [L = 145 mm (5.71 in)] 2
6 Cylinder head 1
7 Timing chain guard (exhaust side) 1

4-53
ENGINE REMOVAL
ENGINE REMOVAL
REMOVING THE ENGINE
Order Part name Q'ty Remarks
Hold the machine by placing the suitable stand
under the frame.Refer to "HANDLING NOTE".
Seat and fuel tank Refer to "SEAT, FUEL TANK AND SIDE
COVERS" section.
Carburetor Refer to "CARBURETOR" section.
Exhaust pipe and silencer Refer to "EXHAUST PIPE AND SILENCER"
section.
Clutch cable Disconnect at the engine side.
Radiator Refer to "RADIATOR" section.
Shift pedalRefer to "KICK SHAFT AND SHIFT SHAFT"
section.
Cylinder head breather hose Refer to "CAMSHAFTS" section.
Drain the engine oil.Refer to "CHANGING THE ENGINE OIL"
section in the CHAPTER 3.
Oil hose and oil tank breather hose Refer to "OIL PUMP" section.
Ignition coil
Disconnect the CDI magneto lead.
1 Lower engine guard 1

6-7
THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR SYSTEM
HANDLING NOTE
Do not loosen the screw (throttle
position sensor) "1" except when
changing the throttle position sen-
sor due to failure because it will
cause a drop in engine perfor-
mance.
CHECKING THE COUPLERS AND
LEADS CONNECTION
1. Check:
• Couplers and leads connection
Rust/dust/looseness/short-circuit
→Repair or replace.
CHECKING THE THROTTLE
POSITION SENSOR COIL
1. Inspect:
• Throttle position sensor coil resis-
tance
Out of specification→Replace.
2. Loosen:
• Throttle stop screw "1"
Turn out the throttle stop screw until
the throttle shaft is in the full close po-
sition.
3. Inspect:
• Throttle position sensor coil vari-
able resistance
Check that the resistance in in-
creased as the throttle grip is
moved from the full close position
to the full open position.
Out of specification→Replace.
CHANGING AND ADJUSTING THE
THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR
1. Remove:
• Throttle position sensor coupler
• Carburetor
2. Remove:
• Screw (throttle position sensor)
"1"
• Throttle position sensor "2"
Loosen the screw (throttle position
sensor) using the T25 bit.
3. Replace:
• Throttle position sensor4. Install:
• Throttle position sensor "1"
• Screw (throttle position sensor)
"2"
• Align the slot "a" in the throttle posi-
tion sensor with the projection "b"
on the carburetor.
• Temporarily tighten the screw
(throttle position sensor).
5. Install:
•Carburetor
• Throttle position sensor coupler
6. Adjust:
• Engine idling speed
Refer to "ADJUSTING THE EN-
GINE IDLING SPEED" section in
the CHAPTER 3.
7. Insert the thin electric conductors
"2" (lead) into the throttle position
sensor coupler "1", as shown, and
connect the tester to them.
• Do not insert the electric conduc-
tors more than required because
it may reduce the waterproof
function of the coupler.
• Make sure that a short-circuit
does not develop between the
terminals because it may cause
damage to electrical compo-
nents.
Tester (+) lead→Blue lead "1"
Tester (-) lead→Black lead "2"
Throttle po-
sition sen-
sor coil
resistanceTester se-
lector posi-
tion
4–6 kΩ at
20°C (68 °F) kΩ×1
Y
B L
Tester (+) lead→Yellow lead "1"
Tester (-) lead→Black lead "2"
Throttle position
sensor coil vari-
able resistanceTes-
ter se-
lector
posi-
tion
Full
closedFull
opened
kΩ×1 Zero –3
kΩat
20°C
(68 °F)4–6
kΩat
20 °C
(68 °F)
Y
B L
Tester (+) lead→Yellow lead "3"
Tester (-) lead→Black lead "4"

6-8
THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR SYSTEM
8. Start the engine.
9. Adjust:
• Throttle position sensor output
voltage
Adjustment steps:
a. Adjust the installation angle of the
throttle position sensor "1" to ob-
tain the specified output voltage.
Measure the output voltage accurate-
ly with a digital electronic voltmeter
that gives an easy reading of a small
voltage.
10. Put the aligning marks "a" on the
throttle position sensor and car-
buretor.
11. Stop the engine.
12. Remove the carburetor.
13. Tighten:
• Screw (throttle position sensor)
"1"
Tighten the screw (throttle position
sensor) using the T25 bit.
14. Install the carburetor.CHECKING THE THROTTLE
POSITION SENSOR INPUT
VOLTAGE
1. Disconnect the throttle position
sensor coupler.
2. Start the engine.
3. Inspect:
• Throttle position sensor input volt-
age
Out of specification→Replace the
CDI unit.
Throttle po-
sition sen-
sor output
voltageTester se-
lector posi-
tion
0.58–0.78 V DCV
Tester (+) lead→Blue lead "1"
Tester (-) lead→Black/Blue lead
"2"
Throttle po-
sition sen-
sor input
voltage Tester se-
lector posi-
tion
4–6 V DCV-20
L Y
B/L

7-1
ENGINE
TUNING
ENGINE
CARBURETOR SETTING
• The air/fuel mixture will vary de-
pending on atmospheric conditions.
Therefore, it is necessary to take
into consideration the air pressure,
ambient temperature, humidity,
etc., when adjusting the carburetor.
• Perform a test run to check for prop-
er engine performance (e.g., throt-
tle response) and spark plug(-s)
discoloration or fouling. Use these
readings to determine the best pos-
sible carburetor setting.
It is recommended to keep a record of
all carburetor settings and external
conditions (e.g., atmospheric condi-
tions, track/surface conditions, lap
times) to make future carburetor set-
ting easier.
• The carburetor is a part of the
fuel line. Therefore, be sure to in-
stall it in a wellventilated area,
away from flammable objects
and any sources of fire.
• Never look into the carburetor in-
take. Flames may shoot out from
the pipe if the engine backfires
while it is being started. Gasoline
may be discharged from the ac-
celerator pump nozzle when the
carburetor has been removed.
• The carburetor is extremely sen-
sitive to foreign matter (dirt,
sand, water, etc.). During instal-
lation, do not allow foreign mat-
ter to get into the carburetor.
• Always handle the carburetor
and its components carefully.
Even slight scratches, bends or
damage to carburetor parts may
prevent the carburetor from
functioning correctly. Carefully
perform all servicing with the ap-
propriate tools and without ap-
plying excessive force.
• When the engine is stopped or
when riding at no load, do not
open and close the throttle un-
necessarily. Otherwise, too
much fuel may be discharged,
starting may become difficult or
the engine may not run well.• After installing the carburetor,
check that the throttle operates
correctly and opens and closes
smoothly.
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS AND
CARBURETOR SETTINGS
The air density (i.e., concentration of
oxygen in the air) determines the rich-
ness or leanness of the air/fuel mix-
ture.
• Higher temperature expands the air
with its resultant reduced density.
• Higher humidity reduces the
amount of oxygen in the air by so
much of the water vapor in the
same air.
• Lower atmospheric pressure (at a
high altitude) reduces the density of
the air.
EFFECT OF SETTING PARTS IN
RELATION TO THROTTLE VALVE
OPENING
A. Closed
B. Fully open
1. Pilot screw/pilot jet
2. Throttle valve cutaway
3. Jet needle
4. Main jetCONSTRUCTION OF
CARBURETOR AND SETTING
PARTS
The FLATCR carburetor has a prima-
ry main jet. This type of main jet is
perfect for racing machines since it
supplies an even flow of fuel, even at
full load. Use the main jet and the jet
needle to set the carburetor.
The FLATCR carburetor is manufac-
tured with a pilot screw. The pilot
screw adjustment ranges from fully
closed throttle to 1/4 open throttle.
1. Jet needle
2. Pilot air jet
3. Needle jet
4. Main jet
5. Pilot jet
6. Pilot screw
ADJUSTING THE MAIN JET
The richness of the air-fuel mixture at
full throttle can be set by changing the
main jet "1".
If the air-fuel mixture is too rich or too
lean, the engine power will drop, re-
sulting in poor acceleration.
Effects of changing the main jet
(reference)
A. Idle
B. Fully open
1. #188
2. #182
3. #185 Air
tem
p.Hu-
midi-
tyAir
pres-
sure
(alti-
tude)Mix-
tureSet-
ting
High HighLow
(high)Rich-
erLean-
er
Low LowHigh
(low)Lean-
erRich-
er
Standard main jet #185
7

7-3
ENGINE
ADJUSTING THE LEAK JET
(ADJUSTING THE ACCELERATOR
PUMP)
The leak jet "1" is a setting part that
adjusts the flow of fuel discharged by
the accelerator pump. Since the ac-
celerator pump operates only when
throttle is open, the leak jet is used to
adjust a fuel mixture ratio for quick
throttle opening and is therefore dif-
ferent from other setting parts that ad-
just a fuel mixture for each throttle
opening (each engine speed).
1. When the engine breathes hard in
quick throttle opening, select a
leak jet having lower calibrating
No. than standard to enrich the
mixture. #95→#85
2. When rough engine operation is
felt in quick throttle opening, se-
lect a leak jet having higher cali-
brating No. than standard to lean
out the mixture. #95
→#105CARBURETOR SETTING PARTS
Standard leak jet #95
Main jet Size Part number
Rich #195 4MX-14943-46
#192 4MX-14943-96
#190 4MX-14943-45
#188 4MX-14943-95
(STD) #185 4MX-14943-44
#182 4MX-14943-94
#180 4MX-14943-43
#178 4MX-14943-93
Lean #175 4MX-14943-42
Pilot jet Size Part number
Rich #42 4MX-14948-04
#40 4MX-14948-03
(STD) #38 4MX-14948-02
Lean #35 4MX-14948-01
Jet nee-
dleSize Part number
Rich NFPM 5TA-14916-PM
NFPN 5TA-14916-PN
NFPP 5TA-14916-PP
*(STD) NFPQ 5TA-14916-P1
(STD) NFPR 5TA-14916-PR
NFPS 5TA-14916-PS
NFPT 5TA-14916-PT
Lean NFPU 5TA-14916-PU
Rich NFLM 5TA-14916-LM
NFLN 5TA-14916-LN
NFLP 5TA-14916-LP
NFLQ 5TA-14916-L1
NFLR 5TA-14916-LR
NFLS 5TA-14916-LS
NFLT 5TA-14916-LT
Lean NFLU 5TA-14916-LU
Leak jet Size Part number
Rich #75 4JT-1494F-17
#85 4JT-1494F-21
(STD) #95 4JT-1494F-25
#105 4JT-1494F-28
#115 4JT-1494F-30
Lean #125 4JT-1494F-32
* For EUROPE

7-4
ENGINE
SPECIFICATIONS OF JET NEEDLE
EXAMPLES OF CARBURETOR SETTING DEPENDING ON SYMPTOMFor USA, CDN, AUS, NZ and ZA
Diameter of straight portion
RichLean
NPQRS TU
Rich 1 richer NFPN-6 NFPP-6 NFPQ-6 NFPR-6 NFPS-6 NFPT-6 NFPU-6
0.5 richer NFLN-6 NFLP-6 NFLQ-6 NFLR-6 NFLS-6 NFLT-6 NFLU-6
STD NFPN-5 NFPP-5 NFPQ-5 NFPR-5 NFPS-5 NFPT-5 NFPU-5
0.5 leaner NFLN-5 NFLP-5 NFLQ-5 NFLR-5 NFLS-5 NFLT-5 NFLU-5
Lean 1 leaner NFPN-4 NFPP-4 NFPQ-4 NFPR-4 NFPS-4 NFPT-4 NFPU-4
For EUROPE
Diameter of straight portion
RichLean
MN P QR S T
Rich 1 richer NFPM-6 NFPN-6 NFPP-6 NFPQ-6 NFPR-6 NFPS-6 NFPT-6
0.5 richer NFLM-6 NFLN-6 NFLP-6 NFLQ-6 NFLR-6 NFLS-6 NFLT-6
STD NFPM-5 NFPN-5 NFPP-5 NFPQ-5 NFPR-5 NFPS-5 NFPT-5
0.5 leaner NFLM-5 NFLN-5 NFLP-5 NFLQ-5 NFLR-5 NFLS-5 NFLT-5
Lean 1 leaner NFPM-4 NFPN-4 NFPP-4 NFPQ-4 NFPR-4 NFPS-4 NFPT-4
Symptom Setting Checking
At full throttle
Hard breathing
Shearing noise
Whitish spark plug
↓
Lean mixtureIncrease main jet calibration no. (Gradual-
ly)Discoloration of spark plug→If tan color, it
is in good condition.
If cannot be corrected:
Clogged float valve seat
Clogged fuel hose
Clogged fuel cock
Check that the accelerator pump operates
smoothly.
At full throttle
Speed pick-up stops
Slow speed pick-up
Slow response
Sooty spark plug
↓
Rich mixtureDecrease main jet calibration no. (Gradual-
ly)Discoloration of spark plug→If tan color, it
is in good condition.
If cannot be corrected:
Clogged air filter
Fuel overflow from carburetor
Lean mixture Lower jet needle clip position. (1 groove
down)
The clip position is the jet needle groove on
which the clip is installed.
The positions are numbered from the top.
Check that the accelerator pump operates
smoothly. (except for rich mixture symp-
tom). Rich mixture Raise jet needle clip position. (1 groove up)
1/4–3/4 throttle
Hard breathing
Lack of speedLower jet needle clip position. (1 groove
down)
1/4–1/2 throttle
Slow speed pick-up
Poor accelerationRaise jet needle clip position. (1 groove up)
Jet needleClip
Groove 7 Groove 6
Groove 5
Groove 4
Groove 3
Groove 2
Groove 1
Leaner
(Standard)
Richer

7-5
ENGINE
This should be taken simply for an example. It is necessary to set the carburetor while checking the operating conditions
of the engine.
Closed to 1/4 throttle
Hard breathing
Speed downUse jet needle with a smaller diameter. Slow-speed-circuit passage
Clogged→Clean.
Overflow from carburetor
Closed to 1/4 throttle
Poor accelerationUse jet needle with a larger diameter.
Raise jet needle clip position. (1 groove up)
Poor response in the low to in-
termediate speedsRaise jet needle clip position.
If this has no effect, lower the jet needle clip
position.
Poor response when throttle is
opened quicklyCheck overall settings.
Use main jet with a lower calibration no.
Raise jet needle clip position. (1 groove up)
If these have no effect, use a main jet with
a higher calibration no. and lower the jet
needle clip position.Check air filter for fouling.
Check that the accelerator pump operates
smoothly. Symptom Setting Checking