service AUDI TT 2013 Owner´s Manual

Page 33 of 262

malfunction, the component will be identified
and the fault stored as a code in the control module memory.
The MI L light may a lso illuminate if there is a
l eak in the on-board fue l vapor recovery sys­
tem . If the light illuminates after a refuelling,
stop the veh icle and make sure the fue l filler
cap is properly closed ¢
page 178.
In o rder to make an accurate diagnosis, the
stored data can only be displayed using spe­
cial diagnostic equipment (gener ic scan tool
for OBD).
I n o rder to connect the special diagnostic
equipment, push the plug into the Data Link
Connector (DLC) . The DLC is located to the
right of the hood release ¢
fig. 24.
Your authorized Audi dealer or a qualified
service station can interpret the code and per­
form the necessary repair .
A WARNING
Do not use the diagnostic connector for
personal use. Incorrect usage can cause
malfunctions, which can increase the risk
of a coll is ion!
Electronic speed limiter
-
Your veh icle may be factory equipped with
tires that are rated for a maximum speed of
130 mph (210 km/h) . T his is less than the
maximum speed o f yo ur vehicle. To reduce the
risk of s udden tire failure and loss o f control if
the vehicle is operated at excessive speeds,
your vehicle also has an electronic speed limit­
er. The electronic speed limiter prevents your
veh icle from going faster than the tire speed
rating. For more informat ion ¢
page 207 .
If the engine control unit rece ives fau lty vehi­
cle roadspeed signa ls, the Ma lfunction Indica­
tor Light (MIL)
(ii w ill illuminate. If this oc­
curs, contact the nearest author ized Audi
deale r for assistance .
Driver in formati on sys tem 3 1
S models
Your vehicle's top speed is elect ronically limit­
ed to 155 mph (250 km/h) .
If the engine control unit receives faulty veh i­
cle roadspeed signals, the Malfunction Ind ica­
tor Lamp (MIL)
¢"4 will illumina te . If this oc­
curs, contact the nearest authorized Audi
dealer for assistance.
RS model s
Your vehicle's top speed is electron ically limit ­
ed to 175 mph (280 km/h).
If the engine control unit receives faulty vehi ­
cle roadspeed signals, the Malfunction Ind ica­
tor Lamp (MIL)
¢"4 will illuminate . If this oc­
cu rs, contact the nearest authorized Audi
dealer for assistance.
A WARNING
-
A lways observe the posted speed lim its
and adjust your speed to suit prevailing road, traffic and weather conditions. Never
drive your vehicle faster than the maxi­
mum speed rating of the tires installed.

Page 52 of 262

50 Clear vis ion
- Make sure the washe r fl ui d reservoi r in
the engine compartment is topped
off
before going on a long t rip . L oo k up
c:> page 194 for checking and fi lling the
washer container.
- The w ipers only operate w ith the hood
completely closed.
Headlight washer system
App lies to vehicles : with hea dli ght washer syste m
The headlight washer system cleans the
headlights.
., Operate the windshield wiper/washer sys ­
tem
c:> page 48, fig. 50 ® with the head­
li ghts turned on by holding the lever for lon­
ger than one second.
The washe r jets extend forward o ut of the
front bumper driven by water pressure to
spray the front headlights with water.
You shou ld inspect the headlights regularly
(for example when refue ling) and clean
off
any solid dirt or insects from the lenses .
To ensure the system wo rks properly in winter,
keep the washer jets free o f snow and remove
any ice using a de- ic ing spray.
Service position
It is only possible to change wiper blades if
you move the wiper arms to the service posi ­
tion .
In o rder to use the windsh ie ld w ipers, the
front lid must be comp letely closed .
Moving wiper blades to the service
position
., When there is a ris k of frost, ma ke s ure that
the wiper b lades are not frozen to the wind ­
shield .
.. Switch the ignition on .
., Move the wiper lever to position
0
c:> page 48, fig. 50 .
., Press the I Re set I button until the D isplay
typ e
menu appears in the Driver Informa­
t ion System display . .,
Using the rocker switch and the
I R ese t! but­
ton, se lect the
Set > Wipe rs > Front > Serv ­
ice position on
funct ion . T he w indshield
w iper arms move to the service posit ion.
Mo ving wip er blades to pa rk position
., Ma ke certain that the w iper arms are ly ing
against the windshield .
., Switch the ignitio n on and move the wiper
lever from pos ition O
to 4 c:> page 48,
fig. 50. The w iper arms will move back to
the park position.
@ Note
Never drive your veh icle when the wind­
sh ield wiper arms are in the service posi­
tion and pulled away from the winds hield .
When you drive faster than
4 mph (6 km/
h), the wiper a rms automatically return to
the pa rk position and cou ld cause paint
damage to the front lid!
@ Tips
- Yo u can also tur n on the se rvice posit ion,
for example, if you want to p rotect the
w indshield from icing by us ing a cover.
- The service posit ion moves to
off auto­
matically whe n you ope rate the w ind­
shield wiper lever, o r speed exceeds
4 mph (6 km/h) .

Page 53 of 262

Replacing windshield wiper blades
Wiper blades in good condition help keep the
windshield clear .
Fig. 51 Un l atc hing wiper blades
Fig. 52 Remov ing wiper blades
Removing the wip er blade
• Move the w ipers to the service position
<:;> page 50.
• Fo ld the w indshield wiper arm away from
the g lass.
• On the upper end of the wiper arm at the
corrugation, squeeze the plastic retainer to­
gether on both sides in the direction of the
arrow¢fig. 51.
• Rotate the wiper blade in the direction of
the arrow @¢
fig. 52 away from the wiper
arm .
• Lift the w iper blade off i n the direction of
the a rrow @.
Inst alling the wiper blade
• Place the rounded end of the wiper onto the
end of the wiper arm in the
opposit e direc­
t ion to the arrow@¢
fig. 52 .
• Swing the wipe r in the oppo site direction to
the a rrow @onto the wiper arm.
• Sq ueeze the corrugation on the w iper un til
you hear it click in the wipe r arm .
Clear vi sion 51
• Fold the wiper arm back onto the wind­
shield.
• Move the wipers to the park position
¢page SO.
The front wipe r blades measure left side
23.20 in. (590 mm) and right side 18.SO in.
(470 mm) in length.
C lean your wiper blades regularly with a wind ­
shield washer solution to prevent streaking. If
the blades are very dirty, for example with in­
sects, carefully clean the blades with a sponge
or a soft brush.
If the wiper blades begin to streak the wind­
shield, this could be caused by residue left on
the windshie ld by automatic car washes.
Fill the wi ndshield washe r container with a
spec ial solutio n availab le at your a uth orized
Audi dealer to remove the resid ue .
Be sure to inspect t he condition of your wiper
blades regularly. For safety reasons, rep lace
your wiper blades once or twice a year if nec­
essary . See yo ur authorized Aud i dealer for re­
placement blades.
A WARNING
- Clean your wiper blades regu larly with a
windshie ld washer so lution to prevent
streaking. If the w iper blades are very
d irty, fo r example with insects, ca refully
clean the wiper blades with a sponge or a
s oft br ush.
- For your safety, yo u should rep lace the
w iper b lades once o r twice a yea r. See
your author ized Audi dealer for repla ce­
ment b lades .
(D Note
-The windshie ld w iper blades m ust only
be replaced when in the service pos ition
q page 50! Otherw ise, you risk damag­
ing the paint on the hood or the w ind­
shield w ipe r moto r.

Page 69 of 262

The LED in the buttons illum inates when the
function is active.
Button (s) Meaning
Rotary Tem
perature selection
knob
CD r=;, poge 67
Rotary Switch air cond itioning on/
knob
2 ~ off (Fan) ¢ page 67
Rotary Air distribution
knob @
¢page 68
~
Defrost
r=;,page69
~
Rear window defogger
¢page 70
Heated seat * driver/passen-I-.,; +I
ger side ¢ page 70
~
Recirculation
¢page 69
!AIC! Switch on cooling system
r=;, page69
Pollutant filter
The po llutant filter (particle filter) ensures
that contaminants in the outs ide a ir (such as
dust or pollen) are greatly reduced or stop­ ped. The air is also f iltered in recirculation
mode .
The pollutant filter element must be changed according to the intervals spec ified in the
maintenance schedule so that the air cond i­
tioning system's pe rformance is not adversely
affected.
If the filter's effect iveness is weakened by
driving the vehicle in areas with heavily pollut­
ed outs ide a ir, the fi lter element should also
be changed in between the listed services.
,&. WARNING
For safety reasons, it is impo rtant that all
w indows are free o f ice, snow, a nd conden­
sation . Only then is good visib ility ensured .
Please fami liarize yourse lf wit h the correct
operation of the air conditioning and how
to deh umidify/defrost the windows.
Warm and c old 67
@ Note
-If you s uspect that the climate controls
have been damaged, switch the system
off to avoid damaging it, and have it in ­
spected by an authorized Audi dealer.
-Audi cl imate control system repairs re­
quire special expertise and the proper
tools. You should contact an author ized
Audi dealer in the event of malfunctions.
(D Tips
- To avoid adversely affecting heat ing and
cooling performance and to prevent con­
densation on the w indows, the air i ntake
in front of the windshield must be free of
ice, snow, and leaves.
- T he a ir com ing from the vents and circu­
lat ing th rough the e ntire interior is ex­
tracted throug h the o utlet s lots in the
side p ane ls in the luggage compartmen t.
Ma ke s ure th at the outlet slots are no t
cove red by clo thing, e tc.
- C limate cont ro l wor ks mos t effectively i f
t he windows are closed. Howeve r, if the
interior of a par ked vehicle is extreme ly
hot from the sun's rays, brief ly opening
the windows can speed up the cooling
process.
Setting temperature
"' Turn the rotary knob CD ¢ page 66, fig. 68
to the desired temperature setting.
To set a lower temperature, turn the rotary
knob to the left . To set a higher temperatu re,
turn the rotary knob to the r ight . There are
additional inte rmediate settings available to
adjust the tempe ratu re as needed .
Switching climate control on and off
Switching the climate control system on
and off
"' Turn the knob@ r=;, page 66, fig. 68 to the
right to switc h climate contro l on . The LED
next to the word OFF goes o ut. ..,.

Page 108 of 262

106 Safety belts
Unfastening safety belts
Unbuckle the safety belt with the red release
button only after the vehicle has stopped .
Fig. 103 Releasing the tongue from the buckle
• Push the red release button on the buckle
c> fig. 103. The belt tongue will spring out
of the buckle ~
,A.
0 r-­N 0 ±.
"' a,
• Let the belt wind up on the retractor as you
guide the belt tongue to its stowed position.
A WARNING
Never unfasten safety belt while the vehi­
cle is moving . Doing so will increase your
r isk of being injured or killed .
Improperly worn safety belts
Incorrectly positioned safety belts can cause
severe injuries.
Wearing safety belts improperly can cause se­
rious injury or death. Safety belts can only
work when they are correctly positioned on the body . Improper seating positions reduce
the effectiveness of safety belts and will even
increase the risk of injury and death by mov­
ing the safety belt to critical areas of the
body. Improper seating positions also in­
crease the risk of serious injury and death
when an airbag deploys and strikes an occu­
pant who is not in the correct seating posi­
tion . A driver is responsible for the safety of
all vehicle occupants and especially for chil­
dren. Therefore:
• Never permit anyone to assume an incorrect
sitting position in the vehicle while traveling
c>,&. .
A WARNING
-Improperly worn safety belts increase the
risk of ser ious personal injury and death
whenever a vehicle is being used.
- Always make sure that all vehicle occu­
pants are correctly restrained and stay in
a correct seating position whenever the
veh icle is being used.
- Always read and heed all WARNINGS and
other important information
~ page 103.
Safety belt preten­
sioners
How safety belt pretensioners work
In front and side collisions above a particular
severity, safety belts in use are tensioned au­
tomatically .
The safety belts for the front seating positions
are equipped with safety belt pretensioners .
The system is activated by sensors in front
and side collisions of great severity. This tight­
ens the belt and takes up belt slack
c> .&. in
Service and disposal of safety belt preten­
sioner on page 107.
Taking up the slack helps
to reduce forward occupant movement during
a collision.
(D Tips
The safety belt pretensioner can only be
activated once .
- In minor frontal and side collisions, in
rear -end collisions, in a rollover and in
accidents involving very little impact
force, the safety belt pretensioner are
not activated.
- When the safety belt pretensioner is ac­
tivated, a fine dust is released. This is normal and is not caused by a fire in the
vehicle.
- The relevant safety requirements must
be observed when the vehicle or compo­
nents of the system are scrapped. A
qualified dealership is familiar with
II>

Page 109 of 262

these regulations and will be pleased to pass on the information to you.
- Be sure to observe all safety, environ­
mental and other regulations if the vehi­
cle or individual parts of the system, par­
ticularly the safety belt or airbag, are to
be disposed. We recommend you have
your authorized Audi dealer perform this
service for you .
Service and disposal of safety belt
pretension er
The safety belt pretensioners are parts of the
safety belts on your Audi. Installing, remov­
ing, servicing or repairing of belt pretension­
ers can damage the saf ety belt system and
prevent it from working correctly in a colli ­
sion.
There are some important things you have to know to make sure that the effectiveness of
the system will not be impaired and that dis­
carded components do not cause injury or pol­
lute the environment .
A WARNING
Improper care, servicing and repair proce­
dures can increase the risk of personal in­
jury and death by preventing a safety belt
pretens ioner from activating when needed
or activating it unexpectedly:
- The belt pretensioner system can be acti­
vated only once.
If belt pretens ioners
have been activated, the system must be
replaced.
- Never repair, adjust, or change any parts
of the safety belt system.
- Safety belt systems includ ing safety belt
pretensioners cannot be repaired. Spe­
cial procedures are required for removal,
installation and disposal of this system.
- For any work on the safety belt system,
we strongly recommend that you see
your authorized Audi dealer or qualified technician who has an Audi approved re­
pair manual, training and special equip­
ment necessary .
Safety belts 107
@:) For the sake of the environment
Undeployed airbag modules and preten­
sioners might be classified as Perchlorate
Material -special handling may apply, see
www . dtsc. ca.gov/hazard o u swa ste/ per-
ch lo rate . When the vehicle or parts of the
restraint system including airbag modules
safety be lts with pretensioners are scrap­
ped, all applicable laws and regulations
must be observed. Your authorized Audi
dealer is familiar with these requirements
and we recommend that you have your
dealer perform this service for you. •

Page 124 of 262

122 Airbag system
Repair, care and disposal of the airbags
Parts of the airbag system are installed at
many different places on your Audi. Installing,
removing, servicing or repairing a part in an
area of the vehicle can damage a part of an
airbag system and prevent that system from
working properly in a collision.
There are some important things you have to know to make sure that the effectiveness of
the system will not be impaired and that dis­
carded components do not cause injury or pol­ lute the environment.
A WARNING
Improper care, servicing and repair proce­
dures can increase the risk of personal in­
jury and death by preventing an airbag from deploying when needed or deploying
an airbag unexpectedly:
- Never cover, obstruct, or change the
steering wheel horn pad or airbag cover
or the instrument panel or modify them
in any way.
- Never attach any objects such as cup
holders or telephone mountings to the
surfaces covering the airbag units.
- For cleaning the horn pad or instrument
panel, use only a soft, dry cloth or one
moistened with plain water. Solvents or
cleaners could damage the airbag cover
or change the stiffness or strength of the material so that the airbag cannot de­
ploy and protect properly.
- Never repair, adjust, or change any parts
of the airbag system.
- All work on the steering wheel, instru­
ment panel, front seats or electrical sys­
tem (including the installation of audio
equipment, cellular telephones and CB
radios, etc .) must be performed by a
qualified technician who has the training
and special equipment necessary.
- For any work on the airbag system, we
strongly recommend that you see your
authorized Audi dealer or qualified work­
shop. -
Never modify the front bumper or parts
of the vehicle body.
- Always make sure that the side airbag
can inflate without interference:
- Never install seat covers or replace­
ment upholstery over the front seat­
backs that have not been specifically
approved by Audi.
- Never use additional seat cushions that
cover the areas where the side airbags inflate.
- Damage to the original seat covers or
to the seam in the area of the side air­
bag module must always be repaired
immediately by an authorized Audi
dealer.
- The airbag system can be activated only
once. After an airbag has inflated, it
must be replaced by an authorized Audi
dealer or qualified technician who has
the technical information, training and
special equipment necessary.
- The airbag system can be deployed only
once. After an airbag has been deployed,
it must be replaced with new replace­
ment parts designed and approved espe­
cially for your Audi model version. Re­
placement of complete airbag systems
or airbag components must be per­
formed by qualified workshops only.
Make sure that any airbag service action
is entered in your Audi Warranty & Main­
tenance booklet under
AIRBAG REPLACE­
MENT RECORD.
- For safety reasons in severe accidents,
the alternator and starter are separated
from the vehicle battery with a pyrotech­ nic circuit interrupter.
- Work on the pyrotechnic circuit inter­
rupter must only be performed by a
qualified dealer -risk of an accident!
- If the vehicle or the circuit interrupter
is scrapped, all applicable safety pre­
cautions must be followed.

Page 125 of 262

@ For the sake of the environment
Undeployed airbag modules and preten­
sioners might be classified as Perchlorate
Material -special handling may apply, see
www.dtsc.ca .gov/hazardouswaste/per­
chlorate. When the vehicle or parts of the
restraint system including airbag modules
and safety belts with pretensioners are
scrapped, all applicable laws and regula­
tions must be observed. Your authorized
Audi dealer is familiar with these require­
ments and we recommend that you have
your dealer perform this service for you.
Other things that can affect Advanced
Airbag performance
Changing the vehicle's suspension system can
change the way that the Advanced Airbag Sys­
tem performs in a crash. For example, using
tire-rim combinations not approved by Audi,
lowering the vehicle, changing the stiffness of
the suspension, including the springs, suspen­
sion struts, shock absorbers etc. can change
the forces that are measured by the airbag
sensors and sent to the electronic control
unit. Some suspension changes can, for exam­
ple, increase the force levels measured by the
sensors and make the airbag system deploy in
crashes in which it would not deploy if the
changes had not been made. Other kinds of
changes may reduce the force levels meas ­
ured by the sensors and prevent the airbag
from deploying when it should.
The sensors in the safety belt buckle for the
driver and front passenger seat tell the elec­
tronic control module if the safety belt is
latched or not. If the safety belt is being used,
the front airbag will deploy at a slightly high­
er rate of vehicle deceleration than if the safe­
ty belt is not being used. Therefore, in a par­
ticular collision, it is possible that an airbag
will not deploy at a seating position where the safety belt is being used but will inflate at the
position where the safety belt is not being
used. It is important that nothing interfere
with the safety belt buckles so that the sen-
Airbag system 123
sors can send the correct information about
safety belt use to the electronic control unit.
A WARNING
Changing the vehicle's suspension includ­
ing use of unapproved tire-rim combina­
tions can change Advanced Airbag per­
formance and increase the risk of serious personal injury in a crash.
- Never install suspension components
that do not have the same performance characteristics as the components origi­
nally installed on your vehicle.
- Never use tire-rim combinations that
have not been approved by Audi.
A WARNING
-
Items stored between the safety belt
buckle and the center console can cause
the sensors in the buckle to send the
wrong information to the electronic con­
trol module and prevent the Advanced Air­
bag System from working properly.
- Always make sure that nothing can inter­ fere with the safety belt buckles and that
they are not obstructed.
Knee airbags
Description of knee a irbags
The knee airbag system can provide supple­
mental protection to properly restrained
front seat occupants.
Fig. 108 Dr iver's airbag
The driver knee airbag is in the instrument
panel underneath the steering wheel
~ fig. 108, the airbag for the passenger is at Ill>

Page 163 of 262

the exhaust system and this could cause
the catalytic converter to overheat.
- Do not turn off the ignition while the ve ­
hicle is moving .
- Do not con tinue to operate yo ur vehicle
under these conditions, as otherwise fuel
can reach the cata lytic converter . This
could result in overheating of the con­
verter, requ iring its replacement.
- To assure efficient operation of the Emis­
sion Control System:
- Have your veh icle ma inta ined properly
and in acco rdance with the service rec­
ommendations in your Wa rranty
&
Ma intenan ce booklet.
- Lac k of proper maintenance as well as
improper use of the vehicle will impa ir
t he funct ion of the emission control
system and cou ld lead to damage.
@ For the sake of the environment
Even when the Emission Contro l System is
operating p roperly, the exhaus t gas can
have a s ulfu r- like exhaust gas smell under
some operating states. This depends on
the s ulfur content o f the fue l being used.
Using a different brand of fuel may help,
or filling the tank w ith lead-free super
grade gasoline .
Operate your vehicle
economically and
minimize pollution
General
Your personal style of driving will determine
the economy of your vehicle, as well as ex­
haust and noise levels .
Fuel economy, environmental impact, and
wear on your engine, brakes and t ires largely
depend on three factors :
- your persona l driving style
- operating conditions
- technical lim itations
I f you anticipate w hat you need to do nex t and
d rive economically, you can eas ily cut your
Dri vin g and en vironm ent 161
fuel consumption by 10 -15 percent. Th is sec ­
tion w ill give yo u some tips on how you can
help the env ironment and your pocketbook .
(D Tips
The cons umption estimates as published
by ENVIRONME NTAL PROTEC TION AGENCY
(EPA) and Transport Canada may not corre­
spond to your actual consumption on the road, which will vary depending upon vehi­
cle load and speed, road and weather con­
dit ions, trip length, etc.
Drive smoothly and keep a lookout
ahead
Vehicles use the most fuel when they are ac­
celerating.
Avoid unnecessary accelerat ing and braking .
Vehicles use the most fuel when they are ac­
ce lerat ing . If you anticipate what is going to
happe n next, you will need to brake less and,
th us, accele rate less. Let the vehicle coast
whenever possible -for examp le when you see
that the next t raff ic light is red.
Avoid full throttle
Driving at moderate speeds saves fuel and
improves your mileage.
"' Try and keep well below your car's maxi -
mum speed.
Acce lerat ing gently reduces fue l consump­
tion, eng ine wear, and does not disturb the
environment.
Fuel consumpt ion, exhaust emiss ions and en­
gine noise increase disproportionately at high
speeds. If you drive at approximately three
quarte rs of top speed, fuel consumption w il l
be reduced by one half. Never drive faster
t h an the posted speed limit and weathe r con­
ditions perm it.

Page 164 of 262

162 Driving and en vironm ent
Reducing unnecessary idling
Even when your car is just idling it burns up
fuel .
.,. Shut the engine off when you are not driv­
ing the vehicle.
.,. Do not warm up the vehicle by letting the
engine run at idle .
It makes sense to shut off the engine in traff ic
jams, when waiting for trains to pass at ra il­
road crossings, or at traff ic lights that have
l ong wa its on red . Turning the engine off fo r
just 30-40 seconds saves more fue l than is
burned starti ng the eng ine again .
It takes a long time for the engine to warm up
fully when it is running at idle . However , wear
and nox ious em issions are especially high
when the engine is warming up. So you should
drive away as soon as you start the engine and
avoid running at high RPMs whi le the engine
is sti ll warming up.
(D Note
Do not leave engine idling unattended af­
ter starting . If warning lights shou ld come
on to indicate improper operation, they
wou ld go unheeded. Extended idling also
produces heat, which cou ld result in over­
heating or other damage to the vehicle or
other property .
Regular maintenance
A badly tuned engine unnecessarily wastes a
lot of fuel .
... Have your vehicle serviced at regular inter-
vals.
By having your vehicle regularly serviced by an
Audi dealer helps to ensure that it runs prop­
erly and economica lly. The cond it ion of yo ur
vehicle not only affects its safety and ab ility to
hold its value, it also affects
fuel con sump­
tion .
Check you r oil ea ch time you fill you r tan k.
The amount o f oi l used is re lated to engine
load and speed.
It i s normal fo r the oil consump tion of a new
engine to reach its lowest value after a certa in
mileage has been d riven.
You must drive your veh icle about 3,000 m iles
(5,000 kilometres) before you can properly
assess oil consumpt ion.
This also app lies to fue l consumption and en­
gine o utput.
(D Note
- Have your veh icle ma inta ined properly
and in acco rdance with the service rec­
ommendations in your Wa rranty
& Main­
t enance boo klet . Lack of p roper ma inte­
nance as well as improper use of the ve­
hicle will impair the function of the
emission contro l system and cou ld lead
to damage.
- Do not alter or remove any component of
the Emission Control System unless ap­
proved
by the manufacturer.
- Do not alter or remove any device, such
as heat sh ie lds, switches, ignit ion w ires,
valves, which are designed to protect
your vehicle's Emission Control System and other important vehicle compo­
nents.
Fewer short trips
Fuel consumption will always be relatively
high on short trips .
.,. Try to avoid driv ing short distances w ith a
cold engine .
T he engine and cata lytic converter have to
reach their opt imal
operat ing temperature to
reduce fuel consumpt ion and nox ious emis­
s ions effectively .
- Ju st after starting, a cold engine in a mid­
size car burns the fue l at a poor rate of 6-8
m iles per gallon (30-40 l/l00km). Half a
m ile down the road, the mileage improves
to 12 MPG (20 l/100 km). It w ill take the
ll>

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