BMW 4 SERIES GRAN COUPE 2019 ΟΔΗΓΌΣ ΧΡΉΣΗΣ (in Greek)
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fdbjbR ]s\ w^sfg\]nXabc^\f_oe shgb]\`pgbh
egb csdo` ]win^s\b cwd\udnib`gs\ o^b\ b\ tsf\j
]bR wabc^\f_bR , b\ wabc^\f_bR v\sibdwg\]q` jldq` ]szqe ]s\ b\ w\v\]bR wabc^\f_bR , b\ bcbRb\ cdbfiojdb`gs\ fgy fw\dn _b`go^l` . Xcb_o`le , cwd\udnj
ib`gs\ wcRfye wabc^\f_bR b\ bcbRb\ vw` wR`s\ v\sj
zof\_b\ fw o`s shgb]R`ygb c .j . ^oul gbh
wc\^wu_o`bh w\v\]bp wabc^\f_bp p gye o]vbfye u\s gy` w]nfgbgw jqds . Thgo \fjpw\ wcRfye u\s
^w\gbhduRwe ]s\ fhfgp_sgs cbh fjwgRxb`gs\ _w
gy` sfin^w\s . >sgn gy jdpfy gl` s`gRfgb\jl` ^w\gbhdu\q` ]s\ fhfgy_ngl` cdocw\ `s gydbp`gs\
b\ w]nfgbgw \fjpb`gwe `o_b\ ]s\ ]s`b`\f_bR .
cRwfy gl` w^sfg\]q`
Vw`\]n
Z cRwfy gl` w^sfg\]q` ]s\ y ]sgnfgsfp gbhe
wcydwnxbh` gs s]o^bhzs :
'xW\nd]w\s ^w\gbhdu\]pe xlpe gl` w^sfg\]q` .'xTfin^w\s bvpuyfye .'xK`wfy bvpuyfye .'xWh`s_\]p fh_cwd\ibdn .'x>sgs`n^lfy ]shfR_bh .
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
M`s w^sfg\]o _w s`wcsd]p p ]szo^bh cRwfy
c^pdlfye w^sfg\]bp _cbdwR `s hcwdzwd_s`zwR
]s\ `s hcbfgwR t^nty . Z bv\]p fh_cwd\ibdn ,
c .j . fh_cwd\ibdn v\wpzh`fye ]s\ idw`sdRf_sj
gbe , wcydwnxwgs\ . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjp_sj
gbe . X^oujwgw gs]g\]n ]s\ wn` jdw\nxwgs\ v\bdj
zqfgw gy` cRwfy c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` , c .j . vpb
ibdoe gb _p`s p cd\` sco _\s _wun^y v\sj
vdb_p .
egb\jwRs cRwfye gl` w^sfg\]q`
egy` ]b^o`s codgs
egs fgb\jwRs cRwfye c^pdlfy w^sfg\]q` s`sudnjib`gs\ fgy` ]b^o`s gye codgse bvyubp .
fs fgb\jwRs cRwfye w^sfg\]q` \fjpbh` u\s g\e v\sj
fgnfw\e w^sfg\]q` ]s\ fh`\fgq_w`we _nd]we
w^sfg\]q` , cbh ojbh` jsds]gyd\fgwR sco gb` ]sj gsf]whsfgp gbh shgb]\`pgbh le ]sgn^^y^s u\s
gb` s`gRfgb\jb gpcbh shgb]\`pgbh .
Pgs` vw` _cbdwR `s tdwzwR b vwR]gye gsjpgygse
gbh w^sfg\]bp , \fjpw\ y cRwfy gl` w^sfg\]q` gye
s`gRfgb\jye v\nfgsfye w^sfg\]bp .
T`n^bus _w gy` ]sgnfgsfy iodglfye gbh bjpj
_sgbe , \fjpbh` b\ c\ofw\e c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q`
cbh bdRxb`gs\ u\s gy` w]nfgbgw ]sgnfgsfy iodj glfye . csdnvw\u_s : @w _wd\]qe ibdgl_o`bojy_s y ]szbd\f_o`y cRwfy c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q`u\s o`s _wd\]qe ibdgl_o`b ojy_s wR`s\ y to^g\j
fgy cRwfy c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` .
V\s cwd\ffogwdwe c^ydbibdRwe fjwg\]n _w gbhe gdbjbpe ]s\ gs w^sfg\]n scwhzh`zwRgw fw o`s`fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^j^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\j
v\]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb .
S e i t e 2 8 1fdbjbR ]T\ X^Tfg\]n M O B I L I T Y 2 8 1
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M^wujbe gye cRwfye gl`
w^sfg\]q`
Vw`\]n
fs w^sfg\]n zwd_sR`b`gs\ ]sgn gy` bvpuyfy .
@sxR _w gy zwd_b]dsfRs gbh w^sfg\]bp shan`wj gs\ y cRwfy gbh w^sfg\]bp .
fs w^sfg\]n csdbhf\nxbh` _Rs ihf\b^bu\]p ,
b_b\o_bdiy scq^w\s cRwfye w^sfg\]q` .
b\ v\sgnaw\e c^pdlfye w`vojwgs\ `s vwRj`bh`
ole ]s\ 0 , 1 b a r ^\uogwdb .
M^wujbe _ofl gl` fgb\jwRl`
cRwfye w^sfg\]q` fgy` ]b^o`s
codgse
fs fgb\jwRs cRwfye w^sfg\]q` fgy` c\`s]Rvs cRwj fye c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` fgy` ]b^o`s codgse s`siodb`gs\ _o`b fw ]dps w^sfg\]n p w^sfg\]n ,
gs bcbRs ojbh` gy` Rv\s zwd_b]dsfRs _w gy zwdj _b]dsfRs cwd\tn^^b`gbe .
X^oujwgw gy` cRwfy gl` w^sfg\]q` _o`b fw ]dps
w^sfg\]n , vy^ . :'xZ _ou . v\svdb_p gl` 2 k m vw` awcwdnfgy]w .'xPgs` gb shgb]R`ygb vw` ojw\ ]\`yzwR as`n
_wgn sco _\s v\svdb_p gbh^nj\fgb` 2 ldq` . 1 .cdbfv\bdRfgw , t^ocw fw^Rvs 2 8 1 , g\e b`b_sj
fg\]oe c\ofw\e gl` w^sfg\]q` u\s gs gbcbzwj gy_o`s w^sfg\]n . 2 .X^ouagw gy` cRwfy c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` ]s\
fgs goffwds w^sfg\]n , c .j . _w _Rs fhf]whp c^pdlfye . 3 .W\bdzqfgw gy` cRwfy c^pdlfye w`oe w^sfg\j
]bp ogs` y g\_p _wgsap gye gdojbhfse ]s\ gye cdbv\sudsio_w`ye g\_pe cRwfye w^sfg\j
]bp csdbhf\nxw\ sco]^\fy . 4 .X^ouagw s` o^s gs ]scn]\s ts^tRvl` wR`s\ t\j
vl_o`s cn`l fg\e ts^tRvwe gl` w^sfg\]q` .
@wgn sco v\odzlfy gye cRwfye gl`
w^sfg\]q`
@w o`vw\ay t^ntye w^sfg\]q` R P A : Tdj\]bcb\pj
fgw gy` o`vw\ay t^ntye w^sfg\]q` R P A .
M^wujbe cRwfye w^sfg\]q` R D C : Xcs`sibdn gbh w^oujbh cRwfye w^sfg\]q` R D C .
Vdn__s ]lv\]bp gsjpgygse Q ole 1 6 0 k m / h
R ole 1 7 0 k m / h
S ole 1 8 0 k m / h
T ole 1 9 0 k m / h
H ole 2 1 0 k m / h
V ole 2 4 0 k m / h
W ole 2 7 0 k m / h
Y ole 3 0 0 k m / h
co^_s w^sfg\]q`
>s^b]s\d\`n w^sfg\]n fb cnjbe gbh co^_sgbe gl` w^sfg\]q` vw` wc\j
gdocwgs\ `s cofw\ ]ngl sco 3 m m , v\sibdwg\]n
hcndjw\ shay_o`be ]R`vh`be hvdb^Rfzyfye .
iw\_wd\`n w^sfg\]n fb cnjbe gbh co^_sgbe gl` w^sfg\]q` vw` wc\j
gdocwgs\ `s cofw\ ]ngl sco 4 m m , v\sibdwg\]n cwd\bdRxwgs\ y ]sgs^^y^ogygs u\s jw\_wd\`p
jdpfy .
X^nj\fgb cnjbe co^_sgbe
b\ vwR]gwe izbdne v\s`o_b`gs\ fw o^y gy` cwdRj_wgdb gbh w^sfg\]bp ]s\ ojbh` gb sco gb `o_b
cdbt^wco_w`b w^nj\fgb pkbe sco 1 , 6 m m .
S e i t e 2 8 2 M O B I L I T YfdbjbR ]T\ X^Tfg\]n 2 8 2
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b\ ]lv\]bR gl` vw\]gq` izbdne s`sudnib`gs\fgy` walgwd\]p c^whdn gbh w^sfg\]bp _w gy`
o`vw\ay T W I , T r e a d W e a r I n d i c a t o r .
Yy_\oe w^sfg\]q`
Vw`\]nX^oujwgw gs]g\]n gs w^sfg\]n u\s xy_\oe , ao`s
fq_sgs ]s\ izbdn .
gcbvwRaw\e u\s xy_\oe w^sfg\]q` p n^^s w^sggqj
_sgs fgb shgb]R`ygb :
'xTfh`pz\fgb\ ]dsvsf_bR .'xTfh`pz\fgb\ zodhtb\ ]p^\fye p ]R`yfye .'xTfh`pz\fgy fh_cwd\ibdn bvpuyfye ocle kgdntyu_s { gbh shgb]\`pgbh cdbe gs sd\j
fgwdn p cdbe vwa\n .
Yy_\oe _cbdwR `s cdb]^yzbp` c .j . fg\e csds]ngl
cwd\cgqfw\e :
'xbvpuyfy cn`l sco ]dnfcwvs cwxbvdb_Rl` .'xYy_\oe fgb bvofgdl_s .'xis_y^p cRwfy w^sfg\]q` .'xgcwdiodglfy gbh shgb]\`pgbh .'x?nzbe scbzp]whfy gl` w^sfg\]q` .
gcbvwRaw\e sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
ew cwdRcglfy w^sggl_sg\]q` w^sfg\]q` _cbdwR
`s _w\lzwR y cRwfy c^pdlfye gl` w^sfg\]q` , _w c\zs`p fh`ocw\s `s jszwR b o^wujbe gbh shgbj
]\`pgbh . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe . ew cwj dRcglfy hcovw\aye xy_\q` fgs w^sfg\]n ]sgngy v\nd]w\s gye bvpuyfye _w\qfgw s_ofle gsj
jpgygs ]s\ fgs_sgpfgw . hdb`gRfgw `s w^wuj
jzbp` b\ gdbjbR ]s\ gs w^sfg\]n . bvyupfgw
cdbfw]g\]n fw o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh ]sj
gsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdj
ungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb .
Xn` jdw\nxwgs\ dh_bh^]pfgw p _wgsiodwgw gb shgb]R`ygb _ojd\ w]wR . @y` wc\f]whnxwgw gs
w^sggl_sg\]n w^sfg\]n , s^^n idb`gRfgw u\s gy`
s`g\]sgnfgsfp gbhe .
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
Z udpubdy bvpuyfy cn`l sco w_cov\s , c .j .
s]_oe ]dsfcovl` p xy_\oe bvbfgdq_sgbe , _cbdwR `s cdb]s^ofw\ xy_\n fgs w^sfg\]n . @wjus^pgwdb\ gdbjbR v\szogbh` _\]dogwdy v\sgb_p
w^sfg\]q` . @w _\]dogwdy v\sgb_p w^sfg\]q`
shan`wgs\ b ]R`vh`be cdo]^yfye xy_\q` fgs
w^sfg\]n . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe ]s\
]R`vh`be h^\]q` xy_\q` . bvyupfgw ]sgn gb vhj
`sgo` updl sco gs w_cov\s p sdun cn`l sco
shgn .
cs^s\ogygs w^sfg\]q`
epfgsfy
T`wandgygs sco gb tnzbe cdbiR^ gl` w^sfg\]q` ,s`g\]sz\fgngw gs w^sfg\]n gb sduogwdb _wgn
sco 6 jdo`\s .
Z_wdb_y`Rs ]sgsf]whpe
Z y_wdb_y`Rs ]sgsf]whpe gbh w^sfg\]bp s`sj
udniwgs\ fgy` walgwd\]p c^whdn gbh w^sfg\]bp .
b`b_sfRsZ_wdb_y`Rs ]sgsf]whpe D O T
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eh`vhsf_oe gdbjq` /w^sfg\]q`Vw`\]n
V\s gb flfgo fh`vhsf_o gdbjq` /w^sfg\]q` ]s\
gbhe gpcbhe xs`gq` u\s gb shgb]R`ygb _cbdwRgw `s scwhzh`zwRgw fw o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh
]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdj ungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb .
gcbvwRaw\e sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
b\ gdbjbR ]s\ gs w^sfg\]n cbh vw` w`vwR]`h`gs\
u\s gb shgb]R`ygo fse _cbdwR `s cdb]s^ofbh`
xy_\oe fw _ody gbh shgb]\`pgbh , c .j . ^oul wcsj
ipe _w gb s_nal_s was\gRse s`bjq` csdn gb
Rv\b b`b_sfg\]o _ouwzbe . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be
sghjp_sgbe . b ]sgsf]whsfgpe gbh shgb]\`pj
gbh fh`\fgn `s jdyf\_bcb\wRgw gdbjbpe ]s\
w^sfg\]n , cbh ojbh` jsds]gyd\fgwR le ]sgn^j
^y^s u\s gb` s`gRfgb\jb gpcb shgb]\`pgbh .
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
Tco ^nzbe fh`vhsf_bpe gdbjq` /w^sfg\]q`
wcydwnxb`gs\ y bv\]p fh_cwd\ibdn gbh shgbj
]\`pgbh ]s\ y ^w\gbhduRs v\siodl` fhfgy_nj
gl` , c .j . fpfgy_s s`g\_c^b]sdRf_sgbe gdbjq`
p vh`s_\]oe o^wujbe whfgnzw\se . gcndjw\ ]R`j
vh`be sghjp_sgbe . V\s `s v\sfis^Rfwgw gy`
]s^p bv\]p fh_cwd\ibdn gbh shgb]\`pgbh fse ,
cdocw\ `s gbcbzwgwRgw w^sfg\]n gye Rv\se _ndj
]se ]s\ co^_sgbe , fw o^bhe gbhe gdbjbpe gbh
shgb]\`pgbh . b ]sgsf]whsfgpe gbh shgb]\`pj
gbh fh`\fgn `s jdyf\_bcb\wRgw gdbjbpe ]s\
w^sfg\]n , cbh ojbh` jsds]gyd\fgwR le ]sgn^j
^y^s u\s gb` s`gRfgb\jb gpcb shgb]\`pgbh .
@wgn sco _\s xy_\n w^sfg\]q` scb]sgsfgpfgw
gb` sdj\]o fh`vhsf_o gdbjq` /w^sfg\]q` .
eh`\fgq_w`we _nd]we w^sfg\]q`
V\s ]nzw _ouwzbe w^sfg\]q` fh`\fgq`gs\ fhu]wj ]d\_o`we _nd]we w^sfg\]q` sco gb` ]sgsf]whsjfgp gbh shgb]\`pgbh . b\ _nd]we gl` w^sfg\]q`
s`su`ldRxb`gs\ sco o`s` sfgwdRf]b fgy`
c^whdn gbh w^sfg\]bp .
>s\`bpdu\s w^sfg\]n fs ]s\`bpdu\s w^sfg\]n gbh shgb]\`pgbh vw`
ojbh` sco gy` sdjp gy _ou\fgy cdofihfp gbhe , u\s ]sgsf]whsfg\]bpe ^oubhe .
>sgn gy v\nd]w\s gl` cdqgl` 3 0 0 k m bvyuwRgw
cdbfw]g\]n .
T`sub_l_o`s w^sfg\]n
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
fs s`sub_l_o`s w^sfg\]n _cbdwR `s v\szoj
gbh` v\sibdwg\]oe ]sgsf]whoe w^sfg\]q` . @w
gb codse gbh jdo`bh _cbdwR `s _w\lzwR y s`gbjp gbhe . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe .
@y` jdyf\_bcb\wRgw s`sub_l_o`s w^sfg\]n .
b ]sgsf]whsfgpe gbh shgb]\`pgbh fse fh`\fgn ,
`s _y jdyf\_bcb\wRgw s`sub_l_o`s w^sfg\]n .
iw\_wd\`n w^sfg\]n V\s gy ^w\gbhduRs fw jw\_wd\`n bvbfgdq_sgsfh`\fgq`gs\ jw\_wd\`n w^sfg\]n .
Xn` ]s\ gs w^sfg\]n cs`goe ]s\dbp _w o`vw\ay M + S ojbh` ]s^pgwds jw\_wd\`n jsds]gyd\fg\]nsco og\ gs ]s^b]s\d\`n w^sfg\]n , vw` ojbh` g\eRv\we wc\vofw\e _w gs jw\_wd\`n w^sfg\]n .
S e i t e 2 8 4 M O B I L I T YfdbjbR ]T\ X^Tfg\]n 2 8 4
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@ou\fgy gsjpgygs gl` jw\_wd\`q`
w^sfg\]q`
Pgs` y _ou\fgy gsjpgygs gbh shgb]\`pgbh wR`s\hky^ogwdy sco gy` wc\gdwcgp gsjpgygs u\s gs
jw\_wd\`n w^sfg\]n , gbcbzwgpfgw _\s c\`s]Rvs hcbvwRawl` _w gy` wc\gdwco_w`y _ou\fgy gsjpj
gygs fgb bcg\]o cwvRb . V\s gy` c\`s]Rvs hcbvwRj
awl` scwhzh`zwRgw fw o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e
gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b
fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdj
uwRb .
Pgs` ojbh` gbcbzwgyzwR jw\_wd\`n w^sfg\]n _y`
hcwdtsR`wgw gy` s`gRfgb\jy wc\gdwco_w`y _ou\fgy
gsjpgygs ]R`yfye .
T^^sup w^sfg\]q` _w \v\ogygwe
^w\gbhduRse s`nu]ye
idyf\_bcb\pfgw u\s gy v\]p fse sfin^w\s _o`bw^sfg\]n _w \v\ogygwe ^w\gbhduRse s`nu]ye . ew
cwdRcglfy v\ngdyfye w`oe w^sfg\]bp vw` ojwgw
fgy v\nzwfp fse wiwvd\]o gdbjo . V\s cwd\ffogwj
dwe c^ydbibdRwe scwhzh`zwRgw fw o`s` fh`wdj
ungy fodt\e gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\j
v\]wh_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b
fh`wduwRb .
T^^sup gdbjq` _wgsap gl`
sao`l`
egb` _cdbfg\`o ]s\ fgb` cRfl nab`s vy_\bhdubpj
`gs\ , s`n^bus _w g\e wasgb_\]wh_o`we fh`zp]we
jdpfye , v\sibdwg\]oe w\]o`we izbdne . V\s gy`
wcRgwhay _\se b_b\o_bdiye izbdne , _cbdbp` `s
s`g\]sgsfgszbp` b\ gdbjbR _wgsap gl` sao`l`
s`n xwpuy . V\s cwd\ffogwdwe c^ydbibdRwe scwhj
zh`zwRgw fw o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh ]sgsj
f]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb . @wgn gy`
s^^sup , w^ouagw gy` cRwfy gl` w^sfg\]q` ]s\ w`j
vwjb_o`le v\bdzqfgw gy` .
Z s^^sup gl` gdbjq` _wgsap gl` sao`l` vw`
wc\gdocwgs\ fw shgb]R`ygs _w v\sibdwg\]n _wj
uozy w^sfg\]q` p v\sfgnfw\e xs`gq` fgb` _cdbj
fg\`o ]s\ cRfl nab`s .Tcbzp]whfy w^sfg\]q`
cRwfy sods
@y` hcwdtsR`wgw gy _ou\fgy cRwfy w^sfg\]q`
cbh s`sudniwgs\ fgb c^whd\]o gbRjl_s gbh w^sj
fg\]bp .
Tcbzp]whfy w^sfg\]q`
Tcbzy]wpwgw gbhe gdbjbpe ]s\ gs w^sfg\]n cbh
vw` jdyf\_bcb\wRgw fw vdbfwdo , fgwu`o ]s\ f]bj
gw\`o _odbe .
cdbfgsgokgw gs w^sfg\]n sco ^nv\s , udnfs ]s\ v\s^pgwe .
@y` sip`wgw gs w^sfg\]n _ofs fw c^sfg\]oe fs]bp^we .
Tcb_s]dp`wgw g\e s]szsdfRwe sco gbhe gdbj jbpe p gs w^sfg\]n .
X^sfg\]n _w \v\ogygwe^w\gbhduRse s`nu]ye
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse fs w^sfg\]n _w \v\ogygwe ^w\gbhduRse s`nu]ye
wc\gdocbh` gy` cwd\bd\f_o`y fh`oj\fy gye cbj
dwRse _w c^pdy scq^w\s gye cRwfye sods w^sfg\j ]q` .
Vw`\]n
b\ gdbjbR scbgw^bp`gs\ sco shgbiwdo_w`s _oj
jd\ w`oe tsz_bp w^sfg\]n ]s\ w`vwj . wc\cdoj fzwgs sco w\v\]oe xn`gwe .
?oul gye w`Rfjhfye gye wflgwd\]pe c^whdne
ojw\ gb w^sfg\]o fw cwdRcglfy _\se scq^w\se cRwj
fye c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` s]o_s _\s cwd\bd\j
f_o`y vh`sgogygs bvpuyfye .
cdbfoagw g\e hcbvwRaw\e u\s fh`oj\fy gye bvpuyj
fye _w cdbt^y_sg\]o w^sfg\]o .
S e i t e 2 8 5fdbjbR ]T\ X^Tfg\]n M O B I L I T Y 2 8 5
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gcbvwRaw\e sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
ew cwdRcglfy w^sfg\]bp _w \v\ogygwe ^w\gbhdj
uRse s`nu]ye jldRe p _w js_y^p cRwfy w^sfg\j
]q` s^^nxw\ y bv\]p fh_cwd\ibdn , c .j . _w\q`wj
gs\ y whfgnzw\s Rj`bhe ]sgn gb idw`nd\f_s , _wus^q`w\ y scofgsfy idw`sdRf_sgbe ]s\ _wjgstn^^wgs\ y fh_cwd\ibdn shgbv\wpzh`fye .gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe . bvyuwRgw cdbj
fw]g\]n ]s\ _y` awcwd`ngw _\s gsjpgygs sco
8 0 k m / h .
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
ew cwdRcglfy fh`oj\fye gye bvpuyfye _w
t^nty w^sfg\]bp _cbdwR `s cdb]^yzwR gs^nj
`glfy tsd\q` gdo\^wd . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjpj
_sgbe p ]R`vh`be h^\]q` xy_\q` . >sgn gy` bvpj
uyfy _w gdo\^wd ]s\ v\sgdy_o`b w^sfg\]o _y` awcwd`ngw _\s gsjpgygs 6 0 k m / h . ew cwdRcglfy
gs^n`glfye idw`ndwgw s_ofle ]s\ w]gw^ofgw
g\e scs\gbp_w`we v\bdzqfw\e v\wpzh`fye ofb
c\b cdbfw]g\]n uR`wgs\ .
isds]gyd\f_oe
fs w^sfg\]n wc\fy_sR`b`gs\ _w gy` o`vw\ay R S C R u n f l a t S y s t e m C o m p o n e n t fgb c^whd\]o gbRj
jl_s gl` w^sfg\]q` .
Xc\v\odzlfy t^ntye
w^sfg\]bp
@ogds sfis^wRse
'xegsz_wpfgw gb shgb]R`ygb ofb uR`wgs\ c\b
_s]d\n sco gy` ]h]^bibdRs ]s\ fw fgszwdo bvofgdl_s .'xX`wdubcb\pfgw gs iqgs s`nu]ye (s^nd_ ) .'xTfis^Rfgw gb shgb]R`ygb o`s`g\ ]p^\fye ,
gdstq`gse gb ido`b fgnz_whfye .'x>^w\vqfgw gb g\_o`\ _w gbhe gdbjbpe fgy
zofy ]sgwhzwRs` w_cdoe .'xP^b\ b\ wc\tngwe cdocw\ `s scbt\tsfgbp` ]s\
`s csds_wR`bh` fw _odbe _s]d\n sco gy` wc\]R`vh`y xq`y , u\s csdnvw\u_s cRfl sco g\ecdbfgsgwhg\]oe _cndwe .'xX`vwjb_o`le gbcbzwgpfgw gb cdbw\vbcb\yjg\]o gdRul`b fw s`gRfgb\jy scofgsfy .
epfgy_s M o b i l i t y
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse
@w gb fpfgy_s M o b i l i t y _cbdwRgw `s fgwus`bjcb\pfwgw _\]doe xy_\oe gl` w^sfg\]q` tdsjhjcdozwf_s , u\s `s wR`s\ vh`sgp y fh`oj\fy gyebvpuyfye . V\s shgo gb f]bco c\oxwgs\ hudo fgwj
us`bcb\yg\]o h^\]o _ofs fgs w^sfg\]n , gb bcbRb
]sgn gy fgwdwbcbRyfp gbh fidsuRxw\ gy xy_\n wflgwd\]n .
Vw`\]n
'xcdbfoagw g\e hcbvwRaw\e u\s gy jdpfy gbh
fhfgp_sgbe M o b i l i t y fgb fh_c\wfgp ]s\ fgb
vbjwRb gbh h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye .'xZ jdpfy gbh fhfgp_sgbe M o b i l i t y _cbdwR `s
_y` w`vwR]`hgs\ u\s xy_\oe w^sfg\]q` _w _oj
uwzbe _wus^pgwdb sco cwdRcbh 4 m m .'xXc\]b\`l`pfgw _w o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh
]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b
fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`j S e i t e 2 8 6 M O B I L I T YfdbjbR ]T\ X^Tfg\]n 2 8 6
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wduwRb , wn` vw` wR`s\ wi\]go `s fh`wjRfwgwgy` bvpuyfy _w gb w` ^oul w^sfg\]o .'x@y` sis\dofwgw , wiofb` shgo wR`s\ vh`sgo` ,gs ao`s s`g\]wR_w`s cbh _cbdwR `s ojbh` w\fj
jldpfw\ fgb w^sfg\]o . Tcb_s]dp`wgw gb ao`b fq_s _o`b , ogs` cdbwaojw\ bdsgn sco gb
w^sfg\]o .'xTis\dofgw gb shgb]o^^ygb u\s gb od\b gsjpj
gygse sco gb vbjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye
]s\ ]b^^pfgw gb fgb g\_o`\ .'xZ jdpfy _ofl` fgwus`bcbRyfye w`vojwgs\ `s cdbaw`pfw\ xy_\n fgb y^w]gdb`\]o fpfgy_s
gl` gdbjq` R D C . ew shgp` gy` cwdRcglfy idb`gRfgw u\s gy` s`g\]sgnfgsfy gbh y^w]j
gdb`\]bp fhfgp_sgbe gdbjq` R D C _w gy`
wco_w`y wh]s\dRs .'xb fh_c\wfgpe _cbdwR `s jdyf\_bcb\yzwR u\s gb` o^wujb gye cRwfye gl` w^sfg\]q` .
hp^say
fb fpfgy_s M o b i l i t y tdRf]wgs\ ]ngl sco gb vnj cwvb jqdbh scbf]whq` .
WbjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye
'xWbjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye , to^be 1 .'xXp]s_cgbe fl^p`se c^pdlfye , to^be 2 .
cdbfoagw gy` y_wdb_y`Rs ^paye cn`l fgb vbjjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye .
eh_c\wfgpe 1W\s]ocgye w`wdubcbRyfye /scw`wdubcbRyfye 2gcbvbjp vbjwRbh h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye 3c^p]gdb _wRlfye cRwfye w^sfg\]q` 4M`vw\ay cRwfye w^sfg\]q` 5eh_c\wfgpe 6h\e /]s^qv\b u\s cdRxs 7Xp]s_cgbe fl^p`se fp`vwfye n gbcbzwgyj
_o`be fgb vncwvb gbh fh_c\wfgp
@ogds sfis^wRse
'xegsz_wpfgw gb shgb]R`ygb ofb uR`wgs\ c\b
_s]d\n sco gy` ]h]^bibdRs ]s\ fw fgszwdo bvofgdl_s .'xX`wdubcb\pfgw gs iqgs s`nu]ye (s^nd_ ) .'xTfis^Rfgw gb shgb]R`ygb o`s`g\ ]p^\fye ,
gdstq`gse gb ido`b fgnz_whfye .'x>^w\vqfgw gb g\_o`\ _w gbhe gdbjbpe fgy
zofy ]sgwhzwRs` w_cdoe .'xP^b\ b\ wc\tngwe cdocw\ `s scbt\tsfgbp` ]s\
`s csds_wR`bh` fw _odbe _s]d\n sco gy` wc\]R`vh`y xq`y , u\s csdnvw\u_s cRfl sco g\ecdbfgsgwhg\]oe _cndwe .'xX`vwjb_o`le gbcbzwgpfgw gb cdbw\vbcb\yjg\]o gdRul`b fw s`gRfgb\jy scofgsfy . S e i t e 2 8 7fdbjbR ]T\ X^Tfg\]n M O B I L I T Y 2 8 7
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c^pdlfy _w fgwus`bcb\yg\]o
h^\]o
gcbvwRaw\e sfis^wRse
>=AWgAbe
ew cwdRcglfy _c^b]sd\f_o`bh fl^p`s wang_\j
fye p s`wcsd]bpe swd\f_bp _cbdwR `s w\fo^j
zbh` fgb shgb]R`ygb wc\]R`vh`s u\s gy` huwRs
]shfsod\s . fs ]shfsod\s cwd\ojbh` njdl_we
]s\ nbf_we t^stwdoe bhfRwe . ew ]^w\fgbpe jqj dbhe gs ]shfsod\s _cbdwR `s fhu]w`gdlzbp`
]s\ w]goe gbh shgb]\`pgbh . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be
zs`ngbh . W\sgydwRgw gb fl^p`s gye wang_\fye w^wpzwdb ]s\ idb`gRfgw u\s wcsd]p waswd\f_o .
gcovw\ay
ew cwdRcglfy csdsgwgs_o`ye ^w\gbhduRse _cbj dwR `s hcwdzwd_s`zwR b fh_c\wfgpe . gcndjw\
]R`vh`be h^\]q` xy_\q` . @y` ^w\gbhduwRgw gb
fh_c\wfgp u\s csdscn`l sco 1 0 ^wcgn .
c^pdlfy
1 .T`s]\`pfgw gb vbjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye . 2 .Tis\dofgw c^pdle gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s
fp`vwfye sco gb cwdRt^y_s gbh fh_c\wfgp . @y` ^huRxwgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s . 3 .fbcbzwgpfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s fp`vwj
fye fgy fp`vwfy gbh vbjwRbh h^\]bp fgwusj
`bcbRyfye , _ojd\ `s s]bhfgwR b jsds]gyd\fg\j
]oe pjbe sfin^\fye . 4 .kzpfgw gb vbjwRb fgwus`bcb\yg\]bp h^\]bp
odz\s fgy` hcbvbjp fgb cwdRt^y_s gbh fhj _c\wfgp , _ojd\ `s s]bhfgwR b jsds]gyd\fg\]oe
pjbe sfin^\fye . 5 .Tis\dofgw gb ]scn]\ ts^tRvse sco gy ts^j
tRvs w^sfg\]bp ]s\ t\vqfgw gb` wp]s_cgb S e i t e 2 8 8 M O B I L I T YfdbjbR ]T\ X^Tfg\]n 2 8 8
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fl^p`s fp`vwfye fgy ts^tRvs w^sfg\]bp gbh
js^sf_o`bh gdbjbp . 6 .@w scw`wdubcb\y_o`b fh_c\wfgp fh`vofgw
gb i\e fgy` cdRxs gbh shgb]\`pgbh . 7 .@w w`wdubcb\y_o`y gy` s`ni^way p _w gb` ]\`ygpds fw ^w\gbhduRs w`wdubcb\pfgw gb fhj
_c\wfgp .
Tipfgw gb fh_c\wfgp `s ^w\gbhdupfw\ u\s ole 1 0 ^wcgn , u\s `s w\fjldpfw\ gb fgwus`bcb\yg\]o
h^\]o ]s\ `s wc\gwhjzwR _\s cRwfy gl` w^sfg\]q` cwdRcbh 2 , 5 b a r .
>sgn gy` c^pdlfy gbh fgwus`bcb\yg\]bp h^\]bp _cbdwR y cRwfy gbh w^sfg\]bp `s shayzwR cdbflj
d\`n _ojd\ ]s\ cwdRcbh 5 b a r . @y` scw`wdubcb\pj
fwgw gb fh_c\wfgp fw shgp gy infy .
ew cwdRcglfy cbh vw` wc\ghujn`wgs\ cRwfy gl`
w^sfg\]q` 2 b a r : 1 .Tcw`wdubcb\pfgw gb fh_c\wfgp . 2 .Tis\dofgw gb i\e sco gy` cdRxs fgb` wflgwj
d\]o jqdb gbh shgb]\`pgbh . 3 .awt\vqfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s c^pdlfye sco gy ts^tRvs w^sfg\]bp . 4 .bvyupfgw cdbe gs w_cdoe ]s\ cRfl 1 0 m , u\s
`s ]sgs`wR_wgw gb h^\]o fgwus`bcbRyfye _ofs fgb w^sfg\]o . 5 .hbhf]qfgw as`n gb w^sfg\]o _w gb fh_c\wj
fgp .
Xn` vw` wc\gwhjzwR y cRwfy w^sfg\]bp gl`
2 b a r , wc\]b\`l`pfgw _w o`s` fh`wdungy fodj
t\e gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]whj _o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b
fh`wduwRb .
Tcbzp]whfy fhfgp_sgbe
M o b i l i t y
1 .Tis\dofgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s fp`vwfye gbh vbjwRbh h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye sco gy
ts^tRvs w^sfg\]bp . 2 .Tis\dofgw gb i\e gbh fh_c\wfgp sco gy`
cdRxs fgb` wflgwd\]o jqdb gbh shgb]\`pgbh . 3 .Tis\dofgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s fp`vwfye sco gb vbjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye . 4 .ehf]whnfgw ]s\ scbzy]wpfgw gb vbjwRb h^\j
]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye ]s\ gb` wp]s_cgb flj
^p`s fp`vwfye , u\s `s scbiwhjzbp` dpcb\
fgb` jqdb scbf]whq` . 5 .Xcs`sgbcbzwgpfgw gb fpfgy_s M o b i l i t y fgb`
jqdb scbf]whq` .
>sgs`b_p gbh fgwus`bcb\yg\]bp
h^\]bp
bvyupfgw s_ofle cwd . 1 0 k m , u\s `s ]sgs`w_yj
zwR b_b\o_bdis gb h^\]o fgwus`bcbRyfye fgb w^sfg\]o .
@y` hcwdtsR`wgw gy` wc\gdwco_w`y _ou\fgy gsj jpgygs gl` 8 0 k m / h .
S e i t e 2 8 9fdbjbR ]T\ X^Tfg\]n M O B I L I T Y 2 8 9
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T` wR`s\ wi\]go , _y` _w\qfwgw gy` gsjpgygs ]ngl
sco gs 2 0 k m / h .
W\odzlfy cRwfye w^sfg\]q` 1 .egs_sgpfgw gb shgb]R`ygb fw ]sgn^^y^b fyj _wRb . 2 .U\vqfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s fp`vwfye
wcn`l fgy ts^tRvs gbh w^sfg\]bp . 3 .fbcbzwgpfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s fp`vwj
fye scwhzwRse wcn`l fgb fh_c\wfgp . 4 .eh`vofgw gb i\e fgy` cdRxs gbh dwp_sgbe fgb` wflgwd\]o jqdb gbh shgb]\`pgbh . 5 .W\bdzqfgw gy` cRwfy gl` w^sfg\]q` fgs 2 , 5 b a r .'xTpayfy gye cRwfye w^sfg\]q` : @w w`wdubj
cb\y_o`y s`ni^way p _w gb` ]\`ygpds fw ^w\gbhduRs w`wdubcb\pfgw gb fh_c\wfgp .'x@wRlfy cRwfye w^sfg\]q` : csgpfgw gb
c^p]gdb fgb fh_c\wfgp .
eh`oj\fy gye bvpuyfye
@y` awcwd`ngw gy _ou\fgy wc\gdwcgp gsjpgygs
gl` 8 0 k m / h .
Tdj\]bcb\pfgw w] `obh gy` o`vw\ay t^ntye w^sfg\]q` R P A .
X]gw^ofgw wcs`sibdn gbh w^oujbh cRwfye
w^sfg\]q` R D C .
T`szofgw _w gy` wco_w`y wh]s\dRs gy` s`g\]sgnj fgsfy gbh js^sf_o`bh w^sfg\]bp ]s\ gbh vbj
jwRbh h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye gbh fhfgp_sgbe
M o b i l i t y .
T`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe
gcbvwRaw\e sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
fbcbzwgq`gse s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe fw s]sgn^^y^s w^sfg\]n , b\ s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRjvwe _cbdwR `s odzbh` fw wcsip _w _ody gbh
shgb]\`pgbh . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe p
]R`vh`be h^\]q` xy_\q` . fbcbzwgwRgw g\e s`g\j b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe _o`b cn`l fw w^sfg\]n ,
gs bcbRs ojbh` jsds]gyd\fgwR sco gb` ]sgsj
f]whsfgwR le ]sgn^^y^s u\s gy jdpfy s`g\b^\j
fzyg\]q` s^hfRvl` .
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
T`wcsd]qe gw`gl_o`we s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRj
vwe _cbdwR `s cdb]s^ofbh` t^nty fgs w^sj fg\]n ]s\ fw _ody gbh shgb]\`pgbh . gcndjw\]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe p ]R`vh`be h^\]q` xy_\q` .
cdocw\ `s twts\q`wfgw cn`gbgw og\ b\ s`g\b^\j
fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe wR`s\ fi\u_o`we flfgn . Xn`
scs\gwRgs\ , fiRagw g\e as`n fp_il`s _w g\e bvyj
S e i t e 2 9 0 M O B I L I T YfdbjbR ]T\ X^Tfg\]n 2 9 0
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