BMW 5 SERIES 2021 ΟΔΗΓΌΣ ΧΡΉΣΗΣ (in Greek)
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M`vw\ayXabc^\f_oe shgb]\`pgbh
egb csdo` ]win^s\b cwd\udnib`gs\ o^b\ b\ tsf\j
]bR wabc^\f_bR , b\ wabc^\f_bR v\sibdwg\]q` jldq` ]szqe ]s\ b\ w\v\]bR wabc^\f_bR , b\ bcbRb\ cdbfiojdb`gs\ fgy fw\dn _b`go^l` . Xcb_o`le , cwd\udnj
ib`gs\ wcRfye wabc^\f_bR ]s\ ^w\gbhduRwe cbh vw` v\sgRzw`gs\ fw o`s shgb]R`ygb c .j . ^oul gbh wc\j
^wu_o`bh w\v\]bp wabc^\f_bp p gye o]vbfye u\s
gy` w]nfgbgw jqds . Thgo \fjpw\ wcRfye u\s ^w\j gbhduRwe ]s\ fhfgp_sgs cbh fjwgRxb`gs\ _w gy`
sfin^w\s . >sgn gy jdpfy gl` s`gRfgb\jl` ^w\j
gbhdu\q` ]s\ fhfgy_ngl` cdocw\ `s gydbp`gs\ b\ w]nfgbgw \fjpb`gwe `o_b\ ]s\ ]s`b`\f_bR .
fs_c^o gl` bdun`l`
Vw`\]nT`n^bus _w gb` wabc^\f_o _cbdwR `s scw`wdubjcb\yzwR y s^^sup gl` w`vwRawl` fgb` cR`s]s bdj
un`l` _ofl i D r i v e .
b\ w`vwRaw\e fgb` cR`s]s gl` bdun`l` _cbdwR `s
v\siodbh` w` _odw\ sco g\e scw\]b`Rfw\e fgb wuj
jw\dRv\b bvyu\q` .
fs_c^o bdun`l` _w
v\whdh_o`we
^w\gbhduRweXc\f]ocyfy
1M`vw\ay ]shfR_bh\_ 1 8 3Thgb`b_Rs\_ 1 8 6 2fsjp_wgdb 3>w`gd\]p cwd\bjp w`vwRawl`\_ 1 7 2
M`vw\ay c^bpuyfye 4T`n^bus _w gb` wabc^\f_o : D r i v e r A t t e n t i o n C a m e r a 5egdbio_wgdb\_ 1 8 3
?Rfgwe wc\^bupe\_ 1 9 2
W i d g e t fgb gs_c^o bdun`l`\_ 1 7 3
Z_wdpf\be j\^\b_wgdygpe , t^ . fgb\jwRs v\sj
vdb_pe\_ 1 9 2
X`vwRaw\e E C O P R O\_ 3 8 0
M`vw\ay \fjpbe\_ 1 8 4
>sgnfgsfy v\s]ocgy fwgsdRf_sgbe s`ndgyj
fye\_ 1 5 5
M`vw\ay ]\tlgRbh gsjhgpgl`\_ 1 6 4 6[wd_b]dsfRs ]\`ygpds\_ 1 8 5 7Xalgwd\]p zwd_b]dsfRs\_ 1 8 6 8>w`gd\]oe o^wujbe ( C h e c k - C o n t r o l )\_ 1 7 6 9 S p e e d L i m i t A s s i s t\_ 2 7 5
S p e e d L i m i t I n f o\_ 1 8 8
Rds\_ 6 7 S e i t e 1 7 1.`vw\aZiX=d=efZd=T 1 7 1
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fs_c^o bdun`l` jldRe
v\whdh_o`we
^w\gbhduRweXc\f]ocyfy 1M`vw\ay ]shfR_bh\_ 1 8 3 2fsjp_wgdb 3>w`gd\]oe o^wujbe ( C h e c k - C o n t r o l )\_ 1 7 6
W i d g e t\_ 1 7 5
Xco_w`b fodt\e\_ 1 8 7
M`vw\ay c^bpuyfye
S h i f t L i g h t s\_ 1 8 4
Thgb`b_Rs\_ 1 8 6 4egdbio_wgdb\_ 1 8 3
M`vw\ay \fjpbe\_ 1 8 4 5[wd_b]dsfRs ]\`ygpds\_ 1 8 5 6Xalgwd\]p zwd_b]dsfRs\_ 1 8 6
M`vw\ay ]\tlgRbh gsjhgpgl`
>sgnfgsfy v\s]ocgy fwgsdRf_sgbe s`ndgyj
fye\_ 1 5 5
Rds\_ 6 7 7 S p e e d L i m i t I n f o\_ 1 8 8
>w`gd\]p cwd\bjp w`vwRawl`
T`n^bus _w gb` wabc^\f_o ]s\ gy dpz_\fy w_isj `Rxb`gs\ fgy` ]w`gd\]p cwd\bjp w`vwRawl` gbhgs_c^o bdun`l` gs csds]ngl :
'xX`vwRaw\e u\s gy` c^bpuyfy , ocle c .j . y cdbjtb^p jndgy p _w w`wdup ]szbvpuyfy fgb`cdbbd\f_o _\s cdbwc\f]ocyfy gye v\svdb_pe
_w hcbvwRaw\e ]szbvpuyfye fgb` cdbbd\f_o .'xX`vwRaw\e u\s gb wco_w`b fodt\e .'x A s s i s t e d D r i v i n g V i e w . ew o`s cwd\tn^^b`
bjp_sgbe _w ]R`yfy cdbtn^^b`gs\ c^ydbibj dRwe u\s gs fhfgp_sgs hcbtbpzyfye bvyubp .
bd\f_o`we w`vwRaw\e fgy` ]w`gd\]p cwd\bjp w`j
vwRawl` _cbdbp` `s v\s_bdilzbp` wasgb_\]whj
_o`s .
T`n^bus _w gb wabc^\f_o ]s\ gy` o]vbfy jqdse
b\ w`vwRaw\e _cbdwR `s v\siodbh` .
cdbtb^p cdbudn__sgbe
bvpuyfye
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse
T`n^bus _w gb` wabc^\f_o , s` wR`s\ w`wdubcb\yj
_o`y y cdbtb^p cdbudn__sgbe bvpuyfye b\ w`j
vwRaw\e fgb gs_c^o bdun`l` cdbfsd_oxb`gs\
fgy` cwdRcglfy s^^supe cdbudn__sgbe _ofl
gbh v\s]ocgy fwgsdRf_sgbe s`ndgyfye fgb w]nj fgbgw cdouds__s bvpuyfye .
X`wdubcbRyfy /scw`wdubcbRyfy
1 . C A R 2 . dhz_Rfw\e 3 . bzo`we 4 . cdbtb^p cdbud . bvpuyfye
dhz_Rfw\e
Xc\_odbhe w`vwRaw\e fgb gs_c^o bdun`l` _cbj
dbp` `s v\s_bdilzbp` wasgb_\]wh_o`s .
1 . C A R 2 . dhz_Rfw\e 3 . bzo`we 4 . fs_c^o bdun`l` 5 .Xc\^oagw gy` wc\zh_ygp dpz_\fy .
A s s i s t e d D r i v i n g V i e w
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse
T`n^bus _w gb wabc^\f_o _w w`wdup hcbtbpzyfy
bvyubp fw o`s cwd\tn^^b` bjp_sgbe _w ]R`yfy
S e i t e 1 7 2iX=d=efZd=T.`vw\aZ 1 7 2
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cdbtn^^b`gs\ c^ydbibdRwe u\s gs fhfgp_sgshcbtbpzyfye bvyubp .
Vw`\]n
T`s^oule gye dpz_\fye _cbdwR gb A s s i s t e d D r i v i n g V i e w `s w_is`Rxwgs\ _o`\_s p cdbfld\`n
_w w`wdubcb\y_o`y gy` hcbtbpzyfy bvyubp fgb gs_c^o gl` bdun`l` .
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
fb fpfgy_s vw` scs^^nffw\ gb` bvyuo sco gy`
sgb_\]p gbh whzp`y `s w]g\_pfw\ flfgn g\e
fh`zp]we bdsgogygse ]s\ gy` ]h]^bibd\s]p
]sgnfgsfy . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe .
cdbfsd_ofgw gb` gdocb bvpuyfye fg\e ]h]^bj ibd\s]oe fh`zp]we . csdsgydpfgw g\e ]h]^bj
ibd\s]oe fh`zp]we ]s\ wco_twgw w`wdun ogs`
shgo scs\gwRgs\ .
dhz_Rfw\e
cdbfld\`p o`vw\ay
1 . C A R 2 . dhz_Rfw\e 3 . bzo`we 4 . fs_c^o bdun`l` 5 . >w`gd\]p cwd\bjp w`vwRawl` 6 . A s s i s t e d D r i v i n g V i e w
cdbfld\`oe w`vwRaw\e
1 . C A R 2 . dhz_Rfw\e 3 . bzo`we 4 . fs_c^o bdun`l` 5 . @w w`wdup hcbtbpzyfy bvyubp , cdbtb^p A s s i s t e d D r i v i n g V i e w M`vw\ay
M`s csdnvw\u_s : b\ w`vw\]g\]oe ]s\ cdbw\vbcb\yj
g\]oe ^hj`Rwe u\s gy` w`wdup dpz_\fy gsjpgygse _w ^w\gbhduRs S t o p & G o A C C ]s\ gy` hcbtbpj
zyfy s^^supe ^ldRvse ]h]^bibdRse vwRj`bh` s^^sup ^ldRvse ]h]^bibdRse fgy tbyzyg\]p ^ljdRvs . fshgojdb`s y s^^sup ^ldRvse ]h]^bibj
dRse fgy tbyzyg\]p ^ldRvs csdbhf\nxwgs\ _w ]\j
`bp_w`we w\]o`we fgb A s s i s t e d D r i v i n g V i e w .
Pd\s gbh fhfgp_sgbeZ \]s`ogygs s`su`qd\fye gbh fhfgp_sgbe wR`s\cwd\bd\f_o`y .
?s_tn`b`gs\ hcoky _o`b s`g\]wR_w`s , gs bcbRs s`su`ldRxb`gs\ sco gb fpfgy_s .
fs_c^o bdun`l` _w v\whdh_o`we^w\gbhduRwe W i d g e t
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse egb gs_c^o bdun`l` _cbdbp` `s w_is`\fgbp`w`vwRaw\e u\s fhu]w]d\_o`we ^w\gbhduRwe .
@cbdbp` `s wc\^wubp` b\ s]o^bhzwe w`vwRaw\e :
'xfdojbhfs cyup khjsuluRse , ocle c .j dsv\ojil`b .'xdbcp fgdokye ]s\ \fjpe .'x G - M e t e r .'xWwvb_o`s bvpuyfye .'xM`vw\ay scbvbg\]ogygse . S e i t e 1 7 3.`vw\aZiX=d=efZd=T 1 7 3
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Xc\^bup
csgpfgw wcs`w\^y__o`s gb c^p]gdb fgb` _bj^oi^se , _ojd\ `s wc\^wuwR gb wc\zh_ygo W i d g e t .
M`vw\ay
G - M e t e r
fb G - M e t e r vwRj`w\ g\e vh`n_w\e b\ bcbRwe wc\j vdbp` fgbhe wc\tngwe ]sgn gy v\nd]w\s gye bvpjuyfye fgy` wc\_p]y ]s\ wu]ndf\s ]sgwpzh`fy .
M`vw\ay scbvbg\]ogygse Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse
c^ydbibdRwe u\s gb` gdocb bvpuyfye ]s\ gy` ]sgs`n^lfy _cbdbp` `s w_is`\fgbp` _wgsapn^^l` fw _bdip o`vw\aye ]sgs`n^lfye le W i d g e t fgb gs_c^o bdun`l` .
Vw`\]n
T`n^bus _w gb w`wdubcb\y_o`b cdouds__s bvpj
uyfye w_is`Rxb`gs\ v\sibdwg\]oe c^ydbibdRwe :
>sgnfgsfy
bvpuyfyeM`vw\ay C O M F O R T
S P O R T@ofy ]sgs`n^lfy .
fdojbhfs ]sgs`n^lfy .
T`n]gyfy w`oduw\se . E C O P R OXc\c^ob` shgb`b_Rs E C O
P R O .
W\s`hzwRfs v\svdb_p fgy`
]sgnfgsfy bvpuyfye
c o a s t i n g .
fdojbhfs ]sgs`n^lfy .
@ofy ]sgs`n^lfy
Z _ofy ]sgs`n^lfy vwRj`w\ gy` ]sgs`n^lfy ]shfR_bh ogs` v\s`pwgs\ _\s fhu]w]d\_o`y v\sj
vdb_p .
fdojbhfs ]sgs`n^lfy Z fg\u_\sRs ]sgs`n^lfy vwRj`w\ gy` gdojbhfs]sgs`n^lfy ]shfR_bh . @cbdwR `s w^wujzwR ,
cofb b\]b`b_\]n ]s\ i\^\]n cdbe gb cwd\tn^^b`
bvyuwRgw .
T`n]gyfy w`oduw\se >sgn gy` s`n]gyfy w`oduw\se y ]\`yg\]p w`odjuw\s gbh shgb]\`pgbh _wgsgdocwgs\ fw cwdRcglfyhcwdfgdbiRse fw y^w]gd\]p w`oduw\s . Z _csgsj
dRs gbh shgb]\`pgbh ibdgRxwgs\ ]sgn o`s _odbe
]s\ y ]sgs`n^lfy ]shfR_bh _cbdwR `s _w\lzwR .
Xc\c^ob` shgb`b_Rs E C O P R Oegb cdouds__s bvpuyfye E C O P R O spayfy gyeshgb`b_Rse , fgy` bcbRs scbf]bcwR o`se b\]b`bj_\]oe gdocbe bvpuyfye , w_is`Rxwgs\ le wc\c^ob`
shgb`b_Rs E C O P R O .
S e i t e 1 7 4iX=d=efZd=T.`vw\aZ 1 7 4
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fs_c^o bdun`l` jldRev\whdh_o`we ^w\gbhduRwe : W i d g e t
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse egb gs_c^o bdun`l` _cbdbp` `s w_is`\fgbp`
w`vwRaw\e u\s fhu]w]d\_o`we ^w\gbhduRwe .
'xTcofgsfy .'xM`vw\ay ]sgs`n^lfye .'xeg\u_\sRs ]s\ _ofy ]sgs`n^lfy ;'xKyi\s]p gsjpgygs .'xWwvb_o`s c^bpuyfye .
Pgs` wR`s\ w`wduoe y ]szbvpuyfy fgb` cdbbd\f_o fgb fpfgy_s c^bpuyfye .'xUbyzyg\]n fhfgp_sgs bvyubp .'xM`vw\ay chaRvse cdbe gy` ]sgwpzh`fy bvpjuyfye .'xfdojbhfs cyup khjsuluRse , ocle c .j dsv\ojil`b .
Xc\^bup
csgpfgw wcs`w\^y__o`s gb c^p]gdb fgb` _bj^oi^se , _ojd\ `s wc\^wuwR gb wc\zh_ygo W i d g e t .
W\s_odilfy w i d g e t
bd\f_o`s w i d g e t _cbdbp` `s v\s_bdilzbp`
wasgb_\]wh_o`s .
1 . C A R 2 . dhz_Rfw\e 3 . bzo`we 4 . fs_c^o bdun`l` 5 . W\s_odilfy w i d g e t 6 .Xc\^oagw gy` wc\zh_ygp dpz_\fy .
Z dpz_\fy scbzy]wpwgs\ u\s gb gdojb` jdyf\_bj
cb\bp_w`b cdbiR^ bvyubp .
?wcgb_wdwRe c^ydbibdRwe Tcofgsfy
egb w i d g e t u\s gy` scofgsfy w_is`Rxb`gs\ gs
fh`b^\]n j\^\o_wgds ]s\ y v\s`hzwRfs scofgsfy s`n^bus _w gy dpz_\fy u\s gy` o`vw\ay gl` vwvbj
_o`l` bvpuyfye .
M`vw\ay ]sgs`n^lfye
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse
>sgn gy` s`n]gyfy w`oduw\se y ]\`yg\]p w`odj uw\s gbh shgb]\`pgbh _wgsgdocwgs\ fw cwdRcglfyhcwdfgdbiRse fw y^w]gd\]p w`oduw\s . Z _csgsj
dRs gbh shgb]\`pgbh ibdgRxwgs\ ]sgn o`s _odbe
]s\ y ]sgs`n^lfy ]shfR_bh _cbdwR `s _w\lzwR .
Z fg\u_\sRs ]sgs`n^lfy vwRj`w\ gy` gdojbhfs]sgs`n^lfy ]shfR_bh . @cbdwR `s w^wujzwR ,cofb b\]b`b_\]n ]s\ i\^\]n cdbe gb cwd\tn^^b`bvyuwRgw .
Vw`\]n
Z s`n]gyfy w`oduw\se ]s\ y fg\u_\sRs ]sgs`nj
^lfy _cbdbp` `s w_is`\fgbp` fgb` hcb^bu\fgp shgb]\`pgbh _w gy _bdip o`vw\aye dntvbh .
M`vw\ay
'xT`n]gyfy w`oduw\se , to^be 1 . S e i t e 1 7 5.`vw\aZiX=d=efZd=T 1 7 5
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'x@ofy ]sgs`n^lfy , to^be 2 .'xeg\u_\sRs ]sgs`n^lfy , to^be 3 .
eg\u_\sRs ]s\ _ofy ]sgs`n^lfy
egb w i d g e t w_is`Rxwgs\ y fg\u_\sRs ]sgs`n^lfy ]s\ y _ofy ]sgs`n^lfy s`n^bus _w gy dpz_\fy
u\s gy` o`vw\ay gl` vwvb_o`l` bvpuyfye .
Wwvb_o`s c^bpuyfye Vw`\]n
b s`s_w`o_w`be jdo`be ni\aye ]s\ y scb_oj
`bhfs scofgsfy sco gb` cdbbd\f_o gsa\v\bp w_j is`Rxb`gs\ , wn` cd\` gy` o`sday gye bvpuyfyeojw\ ]sgsjldyzwR o`se cdbbd\f_oe fgb fpfgy_s
c^bpuyfye .
M`vw\ay
'xido`be ni\aye , to^be 1 .'xTcofgsfy sco gb` cdbbd\f_o , to^be 2 .
chaRvs Vw`\]n
Z gdojbhfs ]sgwpzh`fy ]R`yfye gbh bjp_sgbe
w_is`Rxwgs\ fgy` chaRvs .
M`vw\ay
>w`gd\]oe o^wujbe ( C h e c k -
C o n t r o l )
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse b ]w`gd\]oe o^wujbe ( C h e c k - C o n t r o l ) wc\gydwR g\e
^w\gbhduRwe fgb shgb]R`ygb ]s\ w\vbcb\wR , ogs` fgs wc\gydbp_w`s fhfgp_sgs csdbhf\sfgwR _\st^nty .
Vw`\]n
M`s _p`h_s gye _b`nvse ]w`gd\]bp w^oujbh ( C h e c k - C o n t r o l ) , w_is`Rxwgs\ le fh`vhsf_oe sco ^hj`Rwe w^oujbh p cdbw\v ocb\yg\]oe ^hj`Rwe]s\ _y`p_sgs ]w\_o`bh fgb gs_c^o gl` bdun`l`
]s\ w`vwj . fgy` bzo`y H e a d - U p .
Xc\c^ob` , _cbdwR `s yjpfw\ o`s yjyg\]o fp_s ]s\
fgy` bzo`y w^oujbh w_is`Rxwgs\ o`s _p`h_s ]w\j _o`bh .
S e i t e 1 7 6iX=d=efZd=T.`vw\aZ 1 7 6
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Tco]dhky _y`h_ngl` gye
_b`nvse ]w`gd\]bp w^oujbh
( C h e c k C o n t r o l )
csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb fgb _bj^o gl` vw\]gq` ]sj
gwpzh`fye (i^se ) .
@o`\_y o`vw\ay
@wd\]n _y`p_sgs gye _b`nvse ]w`gd\]bp w^ouj jbh ( C h e c k - C o n t r o l ) w_is`Rxb`gs\ v\sd]qe ]s\
csds_o`bh` , _ojd\ `s ojw\ scb]sgsfgszwR y
t^nty . ew cwdRcglfy cwd\ffbgodl` t^stq` gshj gojdb`s , w_is`Rxb`gs\ gs _y`p_sgs v\svbj\]n .
fs _y`p_sgs _cbdbp` `s scb]dhigbp` u\s cwdRjcbh 8 vwhgwdo^wcgs . @wgn w_is`Rxb`gs\ as`n
shgo_sgs .
cdbfld\`p o`vw\ay bd\f_o`s _y`p_sgs C h e c k - C o n t r o l scb]dpcgbj
`gs\ shgo_sgs _wgn sco cwd . 2 0 vwhgwdo^wcgs .
fs _y`p_sgs C h e c k - C o n t r o l csds_o`bh` scbj
zy]wh_o`s ]s\ _cbdbp` `s w_is`\fgbp` as`n .
M`vw\ay scbzy]wh_o`l`
_y`h_ngl` gye _b`nvse
]w`gd\]bp w^oujbh ( C h e c k C o n t r o l )
1 . C A R 2 . >sgnfgsfy bjp_sgbe 3 . C h e c k C o n t r o l 4 .Xc\^oagw _p`h_s ]w\_o`bh .M`vw\ay
>w`gd\]oe o^wujbe ( C h e c k - C o n t r o l ) X_is`Rxwgs\ p scbzy]wpwgs\ gbh^nj\jfgb` o`s _p`h_s C h e c k - C o n t r o l .
@y`p_sgs ]w\_o`bh
fs _y`p_sgs ]w\_o`bh fw fh`vhsf_o _w o`s
fp_tb^b fgb gs_c^o gl` bdun`l` wcwayubp` o`s _p`h_s gye _b`nvse ]w`gd\]bp w^oujbh ( C h e c k - C o n t r o l ) ]s\ gy fy_sfRs gl` w`vw\]g\]q`]s\ cdbw\vbcb\yg\]q` ^hj`\q` .
eh_c^ydl_sg\]n _y`p_sgs
]w\_o`bh
cwd\ffogwdwe c^ydbibdRwe , c .j . u\s gy` s\gRs _\se t^ntye ]s\ gy` s`gRfgb\jy scs\gbp_w`y
w`oduw\s _cbdbp` `s w_is`\fgbp` _ofl gbh C h e c k - C o n t r o l .
ew cwdRcglfy wcw\uo`gl` _y`h_ngl` w_is`Rxwgs\ gb fh_c^ydl_sg\]o ]wR_w`b shgo_sgs fgy`
bzo`y w^oujbh .
T`n^bus _w gb _p`h_s C h e c k - C o n t r o l _cbdbp` `s wc\^wubp` cwds\godl tbpzw\we . 1 . C A R 2 . >sgnfgsfy bjp_sgbe 3 . C h e c k C o n t r o l 4 .Xc\^oagw gb wc\zh_ygo _p`h_s ]w\_o`bh . 5 .Xc\^oagw gy` wc\zh_ygp dpz_\fy .
@y`p_sgs cbh w_is`Rxb`gs\ _wgn
gb go^be gye bvpuyfye
bd\f_o`s _y`p_sgs cbh w_is`Rfgy]s` ]sgn gy
v\nd]w\s gye bvpuyfye w_is`Rxb`gs\ w] `obh
_wgn gy` scw`wdubcbRyfy gye wgb\_ogygse bvpj
uyfye .
S e i t e 1 7 7.`vw\aZiX=d=efZd=T 1 7 7
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X`vw\]g\]oe ]s\ cdbw\vbc^hj`Rwe
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse b\ w`vw\]g\]oe ]s\ cdbw\vbcb\yg\]oe ^hj`Rwe fgb
gs_c^o gl` bdun`l` vwRj`bh` gy` ]sgnfgsfy
bd\f_o`l` ^w\gbhdu\q` fgb shgb]R`ygb ]s\ wc\fyj
_sR`bh` ogs` hcndjw\ t^nty fgs wc\gydbp_w`s fhfgp_sgs .
Vw`\]n
b\ w`vw\]g\]oe ]s\ b\ cdbw\vbcb\yg\]oe ^hj`Rwe
s`ntbh` fw v\nibdbhe fh`vhsf_bpe ]s\ _w v\nj ibds jdq_sgs .
>sgn gy` w`wdubcbRyfy gye wgb\_ogygse bvpuyj fye w^oujwgs\ y ^w\gbhduRs bd\f_o`l` ^hj`\q` cbh s`ntbh` fw shgp` gy` cwdRcglfy cdbflj
d\`n .
>o]]\`we ^hj`Rwe
gcw`zp_\fy gye xq`ye Z xq`y sfis^wRse fgy` c^whdn gbh bvyj
ubp vw` wR`s\ gbcbzwgy_o`y . ew bd\f_oj `we w]vofw\e jldq` : Z xq`y sfis^wRse
fh`bvyubp vw` ojw\ vwzwR p s`su`ldRxb`gs\ s`g\j
]wR_w`s fgb ]nz\f_s fh`bvyubp .
X^ouagw , wn` y xq`y sfis^wRse wR`s\ flfgn gbj cbzwgy_o`y .
gcw`zp_\fy xq`ye u\s gs cRfl
]szRf_sgs
Z xq`y sfis^wRse fgb s`gRfgb\jb cRfl
]nz\f_s vw` ojw\ ibdwzwR .
epfgy_s swdofs]l` fb fpfgy_s swdofs]l` ]s\ b\ cdbw`gsj
gpdwe gl` xl`q` csdbhf\nxbh` w`vwjbj
_o`le t^nty .
T`szofgw n_wfs gb` o^wujb gbh shgb]\`pgbh fw
o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s`
n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb .
hdo`b csd]sdRf_sgbe fb ido`b csd]sdRf_sgbe ojw\ vofw\ .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
?pfgw gb ido`b fgnz_whfye , t^ocw fw^Rvs 1 5 8 .
epfgy_s covyfye U^nty fhfgp_sgbe ido`l` . eh`wjRfgwgy` bvpuyfy cdbfw]g\]n .
T`szofgw n_wfs gb` o^wujb gbh shgb]\j
`pgbh fw o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh ]sgsj
f]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb .
cdbw\vbcbRyfy cdbfouu\fye
cdbcbdwho_w`bh shgb]\`pgbh _w
^w\gbhduRs covyfye
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`ntw\ : cdbw\vbj
cbRyfy . hdw`ndwgw ]s\ shapfgw gy` scoj fgsfy .
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`stbftp`w\ ]s\ yjwR o`s
fp_s : K_wfy cdbw\vbcbRyfy . hdw`ndwgw ]s\ w`j vwj . cdsu_sgbcb\pfgw w^\u_o scbihupe .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
cdbw\vbcbRyfy cdbfouu\fye cdbcbdwho_w`bh
shgb]\`pgbh _w ^w\gbhduRs covyfye , t^ocw fwj ^Rvs 2 1 4 .
cdbw\vbcbRyfy v\sfgspdlfye _w
^w\gbhduRs covyfye C i t y
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`ntw\ : >R`vh`befpu]dbhfye _w ]nzwgs ]\`bp_w`b shgbj
]R`ygb .
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`ntw\ ]o]]\`y : >R`j vh`be cdof]dbhfye _w _y s`su`ldRf\_y]sgwpzh`fy ]R`yfye bjp_sgbe p cdbw\j S e i t e 1 7 8iX=d=efZd=T.`vw\aZ 1 7 8
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vbcbRyfy u\s shgb]R`ygs cbh ]\`bp`gs\ ]nzwgs
fgy` ]sgwpzh`fy ]R`yfye gbh shgb]\`pgbh fse .
Xco_twgw _o`b\ fse , c .j . idw`ndwgw .
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`stbftp`w\ ]s\ o`s fp_s
yjwR : K_wfy cdbw\vbcbRyfy u\s bjp_sgs cbh ]\j
`bp`gs\ ]nzwgs fgy v\]p fse cbdwRs .
hdw`ndwgw ]s\ w`vwj . cdsu_sgbcb\pfgw w^\u_o
scbihupe .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
cdbw\vbcbRyfy v\sfgspdlfye _w ^w\gbhduRs
covyfye C i t y , t^ocw fw^Rvs 2 2 1 .
cdbw\vbcbRyfy sgo_l` _w
^w\gbhduRs covyfye C i t y
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`ntw\ ]s\ o`s fp_syjwR : Xc\]wR_w`y cdof]dbhfy _w ngb_b p
cbvy^ngy cbh ojw\ s`su`ld\fgwR .
Xco_twgw n_wfs b Rv\be , idw`ndb`gse p csdw]j ]^R`b`gse .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
cdbw\vbcbRyfy sgo_l` _w ^w\gbhduRs covyfye
C i t y , t^ocw fw^Rvs 2 2 6 .
X`wduo fpfgy_s w^oujbh fgszwdpe
gsjpgygse _w ^w\gbhduRs S t o p a n d
G o
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`stbftp`w\ ]s\ o`sfp_s yjwR : hdw`ndwgw ]s\ w`vwj . cdsuj_sgbcb\pfgw w^\u_o scbihupe .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
X`wduo fpfgy_s w^oujbh fgszwdpe gsjpgygse
_w ^w\gbhduRs S t o p a n d G o , t^ocw fw^Rvs 2 6 5 .
gcbtbpzyfye v\wpzh`fye ]s\
v\sgpdyfye ^ldRvse
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`stbftp`w\ ]s\ o`s
fp_s yjwR : fb fpfgy_s scw`wdubcb\wRgs\ .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :gcbtbpzyfy v\wpzh`fye ]s\ csds_b`pe fgy ^lj
dRvs , t^ocw fw^Rvs 2 7 9 .
>Rgd\`we ^hj`Rwe
gcbtbpzyfye v\wpzh`fye ]s\
v\sgpdyfye ^ldRvse
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`ntw\ ]s\ w`vwj .
o`s fp_s yjwR : XcR]w\gs\ v\s]bcp gbh fhj
fgp_sgbe .
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`stbftp`w\ : fb ojy_s bvyj upzy]w w]goe gbh bdRbh ^ldRvse ]h]^bibdRse .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
gcbtbpzyfy v\wpzh`fye ]s\ csds_b`pe fgy ^lj
dRvs , t^ocw fw^Rvs 2 7 9 .
epfgy_s s`g\_c^b]sdRf_sgbe
gdbjq` A B S
Z w`Rfjhfy gye vp`s_ye covyfye wR`s\w`vwjb_o`le w^sggl_sg\]p . Tcbipuwgw
gb scogb_b idw`nd\f_s . ?ntwgw hcoky
gy _wus^pgwdy v\svdb_p idw`sdRf_sgbe .
T`szofgw gb` o^wujb n_wfs fw o`s` fh`wdungyfodt\e gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]whj_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`jwduwRb .
Wh`s_\]oe o^wujbe whfgnzw\se
( D S C )
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`stbftp`w\ : fb
fpfgy_s D S C dhz_Rxw\ g\e vh`n_w\e ]R`yfye ]s\ covyfye . fb shgb]R`ygb
fgszwdbcb\wRgs\ . @w\qfgw gy` gsjpgygs bvpuyj fye ]s\ cdbfsd_ofgw gb` gdocb bvpuyfye fg\e
fh`zp]we gbh vdo_bh .
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs T`ntw\ : fb fpfgy_s D S C ojw\ t^nty .
T`szofgw n_wfs gb` o^wujb gbh fhfgp_sgbe fw
o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s`
n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb . S e i t e 1 7 9.`vw\aZiX=d=efZd=T 1 7 9
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cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
Wh`s_\]oe o^wujbe whfgnzw\se D S C , t^ocw fwj
^Rvs 2 5 5 .
Wh`s_\]oe M^wujbe Xhfgnzw\se
( D S C ) s`w`wduoe p Wh`s_\]oe
M^wujbe cdofihfye ( D T C ) w`wduoe
fb D S C wR`s\ scw`wdubcb\y_o`b p gb
D T C wR`s\ w`wdubcb\y_o`b .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :'xWh`s_\]oe o^wujbe whfgnzw\se D S C , t^ocw fw^Rvs 2 5 5 .'xWh`s_\]oe o^wujbe cdofihfye D T C , t^ocw
fw^Rvs 2 5 7 .
M`vw\ay t^ntye w^sfg\]q` R P A
fb R P A vy^q`w\ scq^w\s cRwfye w^sfg\j
]bp fw o`s w^sfg\]o .
@w\qfgw gy` gsjpgygn fse ]s\ fgs_sgpj
fgw cdbfw]g\]n gb shgb]R`ygb . Tcbipuwgw gs
scogb_s p asi`\]n idw`sdRf_sgs ]s\ g\e _s`bpj
tdwe .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
M`vw\ay t^ntye w^sfg\]q` R P A , t^ocw fwj
^Rvs 4 0 7 .
M^wujbe cRwfye c^pdlfye
w^sfg\]q`
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`ntw\ : b o^wujbe
cRwfye c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` s`siodw\
js_y^p cRwfy c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` p v\nj
gdyfy w^sfg\]bp . cdbfoagw g\e c^ydbibdRwe fgb _p`h_s C h e c k - C o n t r o l .
Z w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs s`stbftp`w\ ]s\ fgy fh`j
ojw\s csds_o`w\ s`s__o`y : Ww` _cbdwR `s s`sj u`ld\fgwR t^nty w^sfg\]q` p scq^w\s cRwfyec^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` .
'xcsdw`oj^yfy sco fhfgp_sgs p fhf]whoeRv\se fhj`ogygse : @wgn gy` wu]sgn^w\ky gbhcwvRbh _w g\e csdw_tb^oe , gb fpfgy_s w`wdjubcb\wRgs\ cn^\ shgo_sgs .'xew w^sfg\]n _w w\v\]p ou]d\fy : b o^wujbe cRwj
fye c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` vw` _codwfw `s b^b]^ydqfw\ gy` wcs`sibdn : cdsu_sgbcb\pj
fgw w] `obh wcs`sibdn gbh fhfgp_sgbe .'xb gdbjoe fh`sd_b^bupzy]w jldRe gb y^w]j
gdb`\]o fpfgy_s gdbjq` : X`vwj . s`szofgw
gb` o^wujb fw o`s` wabhf\bvbgy_o`b wc\j
f]whsfgp gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b`
waw\v\]wh_o`b wabhf\bvbgy_o`b wc\f]whsfgp
p o`s` wabhf\bvbgy_o`b fh`wdungy .'xU^nty ^w\gbhduRse : T`szofgw gb` o^wujb gbh fhfgp_sgbe fw o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh
]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b
fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`j wduwRb .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
M^wujbe cRwfye c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` , t^ocw fwj
^Rvs 4 0 0 .
epfgy_s v\wpzh`fye fb fpfgy_s v\wpzh`fye wR`s\ w`vwjb_oj
`le w^sggl_sg\]o .
T`szofgw gb` o^wujb gbh fhfgp_sgbe fw
o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s`
n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb .
X]cb_coe ein^_s ^w\gbhduRse ]\`ygpds .
T`szofgw gb` o^wujb gbh shgb]\`pgbh fw
o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh ]sgsf]whsj
fgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
cdRxs u\s v\nu`lfy wcR gbh bjp_sgbe , t^ocw fwj
^Rvs 4 3 3 .
cRfl ile b_Rj^ye fb cRfl ile b_Rj^ye wR`s\ w`wdubcb\yj_o`b .
S e i t e 1 8 0iX=d=efZd=T.`vw\aZ 1 8 0
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