fault BMW M3 1995 E36 Owners Manual
Page 377 of 759
Convertible
top
drive
motor,
replacing
5
.
Working
in
convertible
top
storage
compartment
be-
hind
driver's
seat,
remove
convertible
top
linkage
rods
1
.
Open
convertible
top
partially,
stopping
when
convert-
from
top
of
motor
.
Refer
to
Fig
.
11
.
ible
top
lid
is
fully
upen
.
Remove
lid
.
2
.
Release
luggage
compartment
lock-out
by
pressing
on
microswitch
in
right
convertible
top
lid
latch
.
See
Fig
.
14
.
0012745
Fig
.
14
.
Rightside
convertible
top
lid
latch
.
Arrow
points
to
location
of
luggage
compartment
lock-out
microswitch
.
3
.
Open
luggage
compartment
.
Remove
trim
and
inner
lining
from
left
side
of
compartment
.
4
.
Disconnect
electrical
harness
connectors
at
top
motor
.
Release
emergency
release
cable
from
lever
.
Push
le-
ver
up
to
release
motor
.
See
Fig
.
15
.
uu12759
Fig
.
15
.
Convertible
top
motor
(A)
and
release
lever
(B)
in
luggage
compartment
.
CONVERTIBLE
TOP
541-
7
6
.
Remove
four
fastenersholding
motor
to
body
and
re-
move
motor
through
luggage
compartment
.
See
Fig
.
16
.
0012761
Fig
.
16
.
Convertible
top
motor
mountingscrews
(arrows)
.
Gasket
(A)
mustbe
renewed
when
motor
is
replaced
.
7
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Keep
the
following
in
mind
:
"
Replace
sealing
gasket
between
top
of
motor
and
body
.
"
Securemotormountingscrews
with
Locktite
®
270
or
equivalent
.
Tightening
Torque
"
Convertible
top
motor
to
body
mountingscrews
...
...
.
.
.........
10
Nm
(7
.5
ft-Ib)
Convertible
Top
Emergency
Operation
A
malfunction
in
the
electrical
system
or
another
fault
in
the
convertible
top
mechanism
can
cause
the
automatic
or
semi-
automatic
top
to
be
stuck
in
open,
shut,
or
intermediate
posi-
tion
.
The
following
general
procedures
are
suggested
in
order
to
close
the
top
in
an
emergency
situation
.
Resetting
proce-
dures
for
convertible
top
synchronization
after
emergency
clo-
sure
are
beyond
the
scope
of
this
manual
.
Main
Motor
.
To
release
thetop
linkage
from
the
motor,
lift
the
left
comer
of
the
rearseat
to
access
emergency
release
handle
.
See
Fig
.
17
.
POWER
CONVERTIBLE
TOP
Page 379 of 759
Convertible
Top
Lid
The
components
of
the
convertible
top
lid
are
shown
in
Fig
.
20
.
Fig
.
20
.
Components
of
the
convertible
top
lid
.
ROLLOVER
PROTECTION
SYSTEM
The
lid
latches
are
cable
operated
by
a
drive
motor
located
in
the
left
sideof
the
luggagecompartment,
behind
the
trim
lin-
er
.
The
same
motor
is
used
to
raise
and
lower
the
lid
during
automatic
convertible
topoperation
.
The
latch
cables
must
be
adjusted
so
that
the
lidfits
snugly
against
the
body
when
locked
.
The
lid
drive
motor
can
be
removed
and
replaced
from
the
luggage
compartment
.
Two
spring-locaed
cassettes
are
mounted
behind
the
rear
seat
.
A
single
rollover
sensor,
mounted
on
the
left
cassette,
signals
the
convertible
top
module
(CVM)
of
animminent
roll-
over,
whereupon
the
module
triggers
both
cassettes
within
3j10th
of
a
second
.
See
Fig
.
21
.
Once
the
cars
ignition
has
been
switched
on,
the
rollover
sensor
performs
a
self-test
lasting
6
seconds
.
During
this
time
a
yellow
warning
light
is
lit
on
the
dashboard
.
If
thewarning
lightfails
to
go
out
after
6
seconds,
this
means
that
a
fault
has
been
detected
in
the
system
.
The
fault
is
stored
in
the
CM
Faults
canbe
retrieved
and
diagnosedby
special
diagnostic
equipment
.
NOTE-
Diagnosis
of
the
convertible
top
and
the
Rollover
Pro-
tection
System
are
beyond
the
scope
of
this
book
.
Your
authorized
BMW
dealer
has
the
proper
diagnostic
equipment
and
tools
to
carry
out
these
tasks
.
CONVERTIBLE
TOP
541-
9
Fig
.
21
.
Construction
of
the
rollover
protection
cassette
.
After
deployment,
thedetent
pawl
in
a
rollover
protection
cassette
can
be
retracted
using
the
special
tool
in
the
tool
kit,
fitted
to
the
screwdriver
handle
.
The
rear
seatheadrest
needs
to
be
raised
for
this
procedure
.
WARNING
-
Ensure
that
the
area
above
and
adjacent
to
the
roll-
over
bars
remains
clear
and
unobstructed
at
all
times
.
CAUTION-
"
Itis
not
possible
to
close
the
convertible
top
with
the
rollover
bars
extended
.
"
If
a
hardtop
is
mounted,
be
sure
to
install
the
pro-
tective
rollover
bar
covers
provided
with
the
hard-
top
to
prevent
damaglng
the
rear
window
in
case
of
deployment
.
0012744
ROLLOVER
PROTECTION
SYSTEM
Page 382 of 759
600-2
ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM-GENERAL
CAUTION
-
"
Always
turn
off
the
engine
and
disconnect
the
negative
()
cable
from
the
batterybefore
remov-
ing
any
electrical
components
.
Disconnecting
the
battery
may
erase
fault
code(s)
stored
in
control
module
memory
.
Check
for
fault
codes
using
spe-
cial
BMW
diagnostic
equipment
.
"
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
bat-
tery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
onpage
viii
.
"
Connect
and
disconnect
ignition
system
wires,
multiple
connectors,
and
ignition
test
equipment
leads
only
while
the
ignition
is
off
.
"
Do
not
disconnect
the
battery
with
engine
run-
ning
.
"
Do
not
quick-charge
the
battery
(for
boost
start-
ing)
for
longer
than
one
minute,
and
do
not
ex-
ceed
16
.5
volts
at
the
battery
with
the
boosting
cables
attached
.
Wait
at
feast
one
minute
before
boosting
the
battery
a
second
time
.
"
Do
not
usea
test
famp
that
has
a
normal
incan-
descent
bulb
to
test
circuits
contafning
electronic
components
.
The
high
electrical
consumptionof
these
test
lamps
may
damage
the
components
.
"
Do
not
use
an
analog
meter
.
Use
onfy
a
digital
multimeter
.
"
Many
of
the
solid-state
modules
are
static
sensi-
tive
.
Static
discharge
will
permanently
damage
them
.
Always
handle
the
modules
using
proper
static
prevention
equipment
and
techniques
.
"
To
avoid
damaging
harness
connectors
or
relay
panel
sockets,
use
jumper
wires
with
flat-blade
connectors
that
are
the
same
size
as
the
connec-
tor
or
relay
terminals
.
"
Always
switch
a
digital
multimeter
to
the
appropri-
ate
function
and
range
before
making
test
con-
nections
.
"
Do
not
tryto
start
the
engine
of
a
carwhich
has
been
heated
above176°F
(80°C),
(for
example,
in
a
paint
dryingbooth)
.
Allow
it
to
cool
to
normal
temperature
.
"
Disconnect
the
battery
before
dolng
any
electric
welding
on
the
car
.
"
Do
not
wash
the
engine
while
it
is
runnfng,
or
any-
time
the
ignition
is
switched
on
.
WIRING
DIAGRAMS
Electrical
Test
Equipment
Many
of
the
electrical
tests
described
in
this
manual
call
for
measuring
voltage,
currentorresistanceusing
a
digital
multi-
meter
(DMM)
.
Digital
meters
are
preferred
for
precise
mea-
surements
and
for
electronics
work
because
they
are
generally
more
accuratethan
analog
meters
.
The
numerical
display
is
alsoless
likely
to
be
misread,
since
there
is
no
nee-
dle
position
to
be
misinterpreted
by
reading
at
an
angle
.
An
LED
test
light
is
a
safe,
inexpensive
tool
that
can
be
used
to
perform
many
simple
electrical
tests
that
would
otherwise
require
a
digital
multimeter
.
The
LED
indicates
when
voltage
is
present
between
anytwo
test-points
in
a
circuit
.
CA
UTION-
"
Choose
test
equipment
carefully
.
Use
a
digital
multimeter
with
at
leadt
10
megaohm
input
im-
pedance,or
an
LED
test
light
.
An
analog
meter
(swing-need1e)
ora
test
light
with
a
normal
incan-
descent
bulb
may
draw
enough
current
to
dam-
age
sensitive
electronic
components
.
"
An
ohmmeter
must
not
beused
to
measure
resis-
tance
on
solidstate
components
suchas
controlunits
or
time
delay
relays
.
"
Always
disconnect
the
battery
before
making
re-
sístance
(ohm)
measurements
on
the
circuit
.
WIRING
DIAGRAMS
The
wiring
diagrams
shown
in
Electrical
Wiring
Diagrams
have
been
specially
designed
to
enable
quick
and
efficientdi-
agnosis
and
troubleshooting
of
electrical
malfunctions
.
Wiring
Codes
and
Abbreviations
A
lot
of
information
is
included
in
each
wiring
diagram
if
you
know
how
to
read
them
.
Wire
colors
in
the
diagrams
are
ab-
breviated
.
Combined
color
codes
indicate
a
multi-colored
wire
.
For
example
the
code
BLU/RED
indicates
a
Blue
wire
with
a
Red
stripe
.
Many
electrical
components,
connectors,
fuses,
and
ground
locations
are
identified
using
a
unique
number
.
Each
of
there
numbers
corresponds
to
a
particular
part
in
the
circuit
commonly
found
in
Electrical
Wiring
Diagrams
.
Page 383 of 759
NOTE
-
Sometimes
the
color
of
en
installed
wire
may
be
differ-
ent
than
the
one
on
the
wiring
diagram
.
Don't
be
con-
cerned
.
Just
be
sure
lo
confirm
that
the
wire
connects
lo
the
proper
terminals
.
Wire
color
codes
"
BLU
.........
.
..
..
...
.
.................
Blue
"
BRN
....:....
.
..
..
...
..
...............
Brown
"
YEL
.........
.
..
..
...................
.Yellow
"
GRN
.........
.
..
..
...
.
................
creen
"
G
RY
.......
.
.
.
..
..
.....................
G
ray
"
ORG
.........
.
..
..
...
.
..............
.Orange
"
RED
......
...
.
.
..
.....................
.Red
"
BLK
.........
.
..
..
...
.
................
Black
"
VIO
..........
.
..
...
..
..
.......
.
.......
Violet
"
WHT
.........
.
.
....
.
...
:..............
White
Table
a
.
Terminal
and
Circuit
Numbers
Number
1
Circuít
description
1
j
Low
voltage
switched
terminal
of
coi¡
4
1
High
voltage
center
termina¡
of
coi¡
+x
Originates
atignition
switch
.
Supplies
powerwhen
the
ignition
switch
is
in
the
PARK,
RUN,
or
START
position
15
Originates
atignition
switch
.
Supplies
powerwhen
ignition
switch
is
in
RUN
or
START
position
30
Battery
positive
(+)
voltage
.
Supplies
power
whenever
battery
is
connected
.
(Not
dependent
on
ignition
switch
position,
unfused)
31
1
Ground,
battery
negative
(-)
terminal
50
Supplies
power
from
battery
to
starter
solenoid
when
ignition
switch
isin
START
position
only
+54
Originates
atignition
switch
.
Supplies
power
when
ignition
switch
isin
the
RUN
position
only
85
1
Ground
side
(-)
ofrelay
coil
86
1
Power-in
side
(+)
ofrelay
coil
87
1
Relay
actuatedcontact
D
Alternator
warning
light
and
field
energizing
circuit
ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM-GENERAL
600-
3
Additional
abbreviations
shown
in
the
wiring
diagrams
are
given
below
.
Abbreviations
"
ABS
........
.
...
.
...
.
..........
antilock
brakes
"
A/C
........
.
...
..
..
.
.........
.airconditioning
"
AST/ASC+T
.......
...
.
.
.......
al¡
season
traction
"
CONV
.......
.
.
...
.................
convertible
"
DME
........
.
.
...
.......
digital
motor
electronics
"
ECM
.......
.
...
..
..
.
..
electronic
control
module
"
EWS/EWS
II
......
...
.
.
coded
driveaway
protection
"
SRS
........
.
supplemental
restraint
system-airbag
"
TCM
........
.
..
....
.
transmission
control
module
"
ZKE
(94-98
models)
..
..
.
...
central
body
electronics
"
ZVM
(92-93
models)
...
.
.
..
.
.......
central
locking
ELECTRICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
Most
terminals
are
identified
by
numbers
on
the
compo-
nents
and
harness
connectors
.
The
terminal
numbers
for
ma-
Four
things
are
required
for
current
toflow
in
any
electrical
jor
electrical
connections
are
shown
in
the
diagrams
.
Though
circuit
:
a
voltagesource,
wires
or
connections
to
transport
the
many
terminal
numbers
appear
only
once,
severa¡other
num-
voltage,
a
load
or
device
that
uses
the
electricity,
and
a
con-
bers
appear
in
numerous
places
throughout
the
electrical
sys-
nection
to
ground
.
Most
problemscanbefound
using
a
digital
tem
and
identify
certain
types
ofcircuits
.
Some
of
the
most
multimeter
(volt/ohm/amp
meter)to
check
for
voltage
supply,
common
circuit
numbers
are
listed
below
in
Table
a
.
for
breaks
in
the
wiring
(infinite
resistance/no
continuity),
orfor
a
path
to
ground
that
completesthe
circuit
.
Electric
current
is
logical
in
its
flow,
always
moving
from
the
voltage
sourcetoward
ground
.
Electricalfaults
can
usually
be
located
through
a
process
of
elimination
.
When
troubleshoot-
ing
a
complex
circuit,
separate
the
circuit
into
smaller
parts
.
The
general
testsoutlined
below
may
be
helpful
in
finding
electrical
problems
.
The
information
is
most
helpful
when
used
with
the
wiring
diagrams
.
Be
sure
to
analyze
the
problem
.
Use
the
wiring
diagrams
to
determine
the
most
likely
cause
.
Getan
understanding
of
how
the
circuit
works
by
following
the
circuit
from
groundback
to
the
power
source
.
When
making
test
connections
at
connectors
andcompo-
nents,
use
care
to
avoidspreading
or
damaging
the
connec-
tors
or
terminals
.
Some
tests
may
require
jumper
wires
to
bypass
components
or
connections
in
the
wiring
harness
.
When
connecting
jumper
wires,
use
bladeconnectors
at
the
wire
ends
that
match
the
size
of
the
terminal
being
tested
.
The
small
interna¡
contacts
are
easily
spread
apart,
and
this
can
cause
intermittent
or
faultyconnections
that
can
leadto
more
problems
.
ELECTRICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
Page 384 of 759
600-
4
ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM-GENERAL
Voltage
and
Voltage
Drops
The
wires,
connectors,
and
switches
that
carry
current
are
designed
with
very
low
resistance
so
that
current
flows
with
a
minimum
loss
of
voltage
.
A
voltage
drop
is
caused
by
higher
than
normal
resistance
in
a
circuit
.
This
additional
resistance
actually
decreases
or
stops
the
flow
of
current
.
A
voltage
drop
can
be
noticed
byproblems
ranging
fromdim
headlights
to
sluggish
wipers
.
Some
common
sources
of
voltage
drops
are
corroded
or
dirty
switches,
dirty
or
corroded
connections
or
contacts,
and
loose
or
corroded
ground
wires
and
ground
con-
nections
.
A
voltage
drop
test
is
a
good
test
to
make
if
current
is
flowing
through
the
circuit,
butthe
circuit
is
not
operating
correctly
.
A
voltage
drop
test
will
help
to
pinpoint
a
corroded
ground
strap
or
a
faulty
switch
.
Normally,
there
should
be
less
than
1
volt
drop
across
most
wires
or
closed
switches
.
A
voltage
drop
across
a
connector
or
short
cable
shouldnot
exceed
0
.5
volts
.
Voltage,
measuring
1
.
Connect
digital
multimeternegative
lead
to
a
reliable
ground
point
oncar
.
NOTE-
The
negative
(-)
battery
terminal
is
alwaysa
good
ground
point
.
2
.
Connect
digital
multimeter
positive
lead
to
point
incir-
cuit
you
wish
to
measure
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
If
a
reading
is
ob-
tained,
current
is
flowing
through
circuit
.
NOTE-
The
voltage
reading
shouldnot
deviate
more
than
1
volt
from
the
voltage
at
the
battery
.
If
the
voltage
drop
is
more
than
this,
check
for
acorroded
connector
or
cose
ground
wire
.
ELECTRICAL
TROLIBLESHOOTING
from
Battery
Fig
.
1
.
Digital
multimeterbeing
used
to
test
voltage
.
No
voltage
r_l
-1
Load
LJ
Switch
NOTE-
The
maximum
voltage
drop
in
an
automotive
circuit,
as
recommended
by
the
Society
of
AutomotiveEngineers
(SAE),
is
as
follows
:
0
voltsfor
small
vire
connections
;
0
.1
Volts
for
high
current
connections
;
0
.2
volts
for
high
current
cables
;
and
0
.3volts
for
switch
or
solenoidcon-
tacts
.
On
longer
wires
or
cables,
the
drop
may
be
slight-ly
higher
.
In
any
case,
a
voltage
drop
of
more
than
1.0volt
usually
indicates
a
problem
.
0013238
NOTE-
"
A
voltage
drop
test
is
generally
more
accuratethan
a
Voltage
drop,
testing
simple
resistance
check
because
the
resistances
in-
volvedare
often
too
small
to
measure
with
most
ohm-
Voltage
drop
can
only
be
checked
when
current
is
running
meters
.
For
example,
a
resistance
as
small
as0
.02
through
the
circuit,
suchasby
operating
the
starter
motor
or
ohms
would
results
in
a
3
volt
drop
in
a
typical
150
turning
onthe
headlights
.
A
digital
multimeter
should
beused
amp
starter
circuit
.
(150
amps
x
0
.02
ohms
=3
volts)
.
lo
ensure
accurate
readings
.
"
Keep
in
mind
that
voltage
with
the
key
on
and
voltage
with
the
engine
running
arenotthe
same
.
With
the
ig-
1
.
Connect
digital
multimeter
positive
lead
to
positive
(+)
nition
on
and
the
engine
off
(battery
voltage),
voltage
battery
terminalor
a
positive
power
supply
close
lo
bat
should
be
approximately
12
.6volts
.
With
the
engine
tery
source
.
running
(charging
voltage),
voltage
should
be
approx-
imately
14
.0
volts
.
Measure
voltage
at
the
battery
with
2
.
Connect
digital
multimeter
negativelead
to
other
end
of
the
ignition
on
and
then
with
the
engine
running
to
get
cable
orswitch
being
tested
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
exact
measurements
.
3
.
With
power
on
and
circuit
working,
meter
shows
volt-
age
drop
(difference
between
two
points)
.
This
value
should
not
exceed
1
volt
.
Page 385 of 759
Continuity,
checking
Short
Circuits
from
Battery
CAUTION-
Use
only
a
high
quality
digital
ohmmeter
having
high
input
impedance
when
checking
electronic
componente
.
The
internal
power
source
used
in
most
analog
(swing-need1e)
meterscan
damage
solidstate
components
.
0013239
Fig
.
2
.
Digital
multimeter
being
used
to
check
for
voltage
drop
across
a
switch
.
The
continuity
test
can
beused
to
check
a
circuit
or
switch
.
Because
most
automotive
circuits
are
designed
to
have
little
or
no
resistance,
a
circuit
or
part
of
a
circuit
canbe
easily
checked
for
faults
using
an
ohmmeter
.
An
open
circuit
or
a
cir-
cuit
withhigh
resistance
will
not
allow
current
to
flow
.
A
círcuit
with
little
or
no
resistanceallows
current
to
flow
easily
.
When
checking
continuity,
the
ignition
should
be
off
.
On
cir-
cuits
that
are
powered
at
all
times,
the
battery
should
be
dis-
connected
.
Using
the
appropriate
wiring
diagram,
a
circuit
can
be
easily
tested
for
faulty
connections,
wires,
switches,
relays,
and
engine
sensorsby
checking
forcontinuity
.
For
a
continu-
ity
check
on
a
brake
light
switch,
see
Fig
.
3
..
A
short
circuit
is
exactly
what
the
narre
implies
.
The
circuit
takes
a
shorter
paththan
it
was
designed
to
take
.
The
most
common
short
that
causes
problems
is
a
short
to
ground
where
the
insulation
on
a
positive
(+)
wire
wears
away
and
the
metal
wire
is
exposed
.
When
the
wire
rubs
against
a
metal
partof
thecar
or
other
ground
source,
the
circuit
is
shorted
to
ground
.
If
the
exposed
wire
is
live
(positive
battery
voltage),
a
Puse
will
blow
and
the
circuit
may
possibly
be
damaged
.
ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM
-
GENERAL
600-
5
Brake
light
switch
Brake
pedal
in
rest
position
Q
Brake
pedal
depressed
Brake
light
switch
Fig
.
3
.
Brake
light
switchbeing
tested
for
continuity
.
With
brake
ped-
alin
rest
position
(switch
open)
there
is
no
continuity
(infinite
ohms)
.
With
pedal
depressed
(switch
closed)
there
is
continu-
ity
(zero
ohms)
.
Shorts
to
groundcanbe
located
with
a
digital
multimeter
.
Short
circuits
are
often
difficult
to
locate
and
may
vary
in
na-
ture
.
Short
circuits
can
befound
using
a
logical
approach
based
onthe
current
path
.
CAUTION
-
"
On
circuits
protected
with
high
rating
fuses
(25
amp
and
greater),
the
wires
or
circuit
compo-
nents
may
be
damaged
before
the
fuse
blows
.
Always
check
for
damage
before
replacing
fuses
of
this
rating
.
"
When
replacing
blown
fuses,
use
only
fuses
hav-
ingthe
correct
rating
.
Always
confirm
the
correct
fuse
rating
printed
on
the
fuselrelay
panelcover
DC
ELECTRICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
Page 386 of 759
00-
6
ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM-GENERAL
Short
circuit,
testing
with
ohmmeter
Short
circuit,
testing
with
voltmeter
1
.
Remove
blown
fuse
from
circuit
and
disconnect
cables
1
.
Remove
blown
fusefrom
circuit
.
from
battery
.
2
.
Disconnect
harness
connector
from
circuifs
loador
2
.
Disconnect
harness
connector
from
circuit's
loador
consumer
.
consumer
.
3
.
Using
an
ohmmeter,
connect
one
test
lead
to
loadside
of
f
use
terminal
(terminal
leading
to
circuit)
and
the
oth-
ertest
lead
to
ground
.
See
Fig
.
4
.
Load
disconnected
from
Battery
LO
n
I
~
Shotrouit
vu
.uto
earthth
Switch
Load
0013241
Fig
.
4
.
Digital
multimeter
being
usedasan
ohmmeter
to
find
short
circuit
.
4
.
lf
there
is
continuity
to
ground,
there
is
a
short
to
ground
.
ELECTRICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
NOTE-
Most
fuses
power
more
than
one
consumer
.
Be
sure
aff
consumers
are
disconnected
when
checking
for
a
short
circuit
.
3
.
Using
a
voltmeter,
connect
test
leads
across
f
use
termi-
nals
.
See
Fig
.
5
.
Make
sure
power
is
present
ín
circuit
.
lf
necessary
turn
keyon
.
~2
.U
from
Battery
Load
disconnected
Short-circuit
to
earth
I
Fuse
box
0013240
5
.
If
there
is
no
continuity,
work
from
wire
harness
hearest
Fig
.
5
.
Digital
multimeter
being
usedas
a
voltmeter
to
find
short
cir
to
fuse/relay
panel
and
move
or
wiggle
wireswhile
ob-
cuit
.
serving
meter
.
Continue
to
movedown
harness
until
meter
displays
a
reading
.
This
is
the
location
of
short
to
4
.
lf
voltage
is
present
at
voltmeter,
there
is
a
short
to
ground
.
ground
.
Visually
inspect
the
wire
harness
at
this
point
for
any
faults
.
5
.
lf
voltage
is
not
present,
work
from
wire
harness
near-
If
no
faults
are
visible,
carefully
slice
open
the
harnesscover
est
to
fuse/relay
panel
and
move
orwiggle
wireswhile
or
the
wire
insulation
for
further
inspection
.
Repair
any
faults
observing
meter
.
Continue
to
move
down
harness
until
found
.
meter
displays
a
reading
.
This
is
the
location
of
short
to
ground
.
6
.
Visually
inspect
wire
harness
atthis
point
for
any
faults
.
lf
no
faults
are
visible,
carefully
slice
open
harness
cov-
erorwire
insulation
for
further
inspection
.
Repair
any
faults
found
.
Page 437 of 759
INSTRUMENT
CLUSTER
....
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
..
620-1
Instrument
cluster,
seif-testing
.
.
.......
.
..
620-1
Instrument
cluster,
removing
and
installing
...
620-1
Instrument
cluster
bulbs,
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
620-2
GENERAL
This
repair
group
covers
removal
and
installation
of
the
in-
strument
cluster
and
the
Multi-information
Display
(MID)
mod-
ule
.
Bulb
replacement
information
for
these
units
is
also
included
here
.
NOTE
-
A
quick
check
of
the
temperature
gauge
and
its
electri-
cal
circuitis
given
in
170
Radiator
and
Cooling
Sys-
tem
.
Use
this
procedure
to
diagnosea
faulty
temperature
gauge
INSTRUMENT
CLUSTER
When
servicing
the
instrument
cluster,
always
disconnect
the
negative
(-)
cable
from
the
battery
and
insulate
the
cable
end
to
prevent
accidental
re-connection
.
Instrument
cluster,
seif-testing
Severa¡
different
versions
of
the
basic
instrument
cluster
havebeen
fitted
in
E36
cars
.
It
is
possibleto
perform
an
instru-
ment
cluster
test
and
display
system
test
information
.
Some
of
the
information
displayed
by
the
instrument
cluster
during
seif-testing
is
used
for
interna¡
BMW
organizationpur-
poses,
suchasmatching
the
correct
instrument
cluster
com-
ponents
during
parts
replacement
.
Other
functions
test
the
various
instrument
modules
.
Self-test
is
also
used
to
recode
the
instrument
cluster
after
removal
.
In
later
production
vehicles
(1996
and
later)
the
test
results
canbe
downioaded,
via
the
diagnostic
plug,
byan
authorized
BMW
dealertechnician
.
1
.
Turn
ignition
to
"radio"position
.
2
.
Press
and
hold
reset
button
on
trip-odometer
untiltrip-
odometer
display
shows
numerical
codes
.
620
Instruments
4
.
Turn
off
ignition
.
Instrument
cluster,
removing
and
installing
INSTRUMENTS
620-1
GENERAL
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
.
....
620-1
Odometer
coding
plug,
replacing
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
620-2
Vehicle
speed
sender,
replacing
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
620-3
MULTI-INFORMATION
DISPLAY
(MID)
.
.
.
620-4
Multi-Information
Display,
removing
and
installing
..
.
....
.
.........
620-4
3
.
With
each
subsequent
press
of
the
button,
a
different
function
is
tested
.
Some
functions
will
activate
need1e
gauges
.
1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
cable
from
battery
and
cover
terminal
with
insulating
material
.
CAUTION-
Prior
to
disconnectiog
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautionsgiven
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
vi¡¡
.
2
.
Remove
airbag
unit
from
steering
wheel
.
See
721
Air-
bag
System
(SRS)
.
Store
unit
in
a
safe
place
.
WARNING
-
The
airbag
is
an
explosive
devfce
and
should
be
treated
with
extreme
caution
.
Improper
handling
of
the
airbag
could
cause
serious
injury
or
death
.
Store
the
airbag
with
the
horn
pad
facing
up
.
If
stored
facing
down,
accidental
deployment
couldpropel
it
vfolently
into
the
air,
causing
injury
.
3
.
With
front
wheels
pointed
straight
ahead,
remove
steer-
ing
wheel
.
See
320
Steering
and
Wheel
Alignment
.
4
.
Remove
instrument
cluster
retaining
screws
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
5
.
Place
a
towel
over
steering
column
.
Carefully
tilt
top
of
cluster
out
of
dash
panel
.
Unlock
and
disconnect
har-
ness
connectors
from
back
of
cluster
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
INSTRUMENT
CLUSTER
Page 438 of 759
620-2
INSTRUMENTS
Fig
.1.
Instrument
cluster
retaining
screws
(arrows)
.
INSTRUMENT
CLUSTER
0012562
Fig
.
3
.
Turnbulb
base
45°
in
direction
shown
(arrow)
.
l
v
w
r
v
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
)7
18
19
20
y
21
1
.
Temperature
warning
12
.
Brake
fluid
warning
oo13n6
2
.
Right
turn
signal
13
.
Brake
pad
wear
warning
3
.
Instrument
lighting
14
.ABS
warning
Fig
.
2
.
Instrument
cluster
connector
locking
lever
(arrow)
.
4
.
Oil
pressure
warning
15
.
Seat
belt
warning5
.
Highbeam
16
.ASTwarning
6
.
Battery
charging
lamp
17
.Check
control
6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal,
noting
the
following
:
7
.
Left
turn
signal
18
.Check
engine
"
Instrument
cluster
harness
connector
locking
levers
8
.
Low
fuel
warning
19
.
LCD
lighting
must
be
in
up
position
before
installing
connector
.
9
.
Airbag
warning
20
.
Rear
foglight
(not
used)
10
.
Catalytic
converter
warning
21
.
Front
foglights
"
Install
airbag
to
steering
wheel
as
described
in
721
11
.
Emergency
brake
Airbag
System
(SRS)
.
0012563
"
Reconnect
negative
(-)
cable
to
battery
last,
once
al¡
Fig
.
4
.
Bulb
designation
chart
.
harness
connectors
have
been
reconnected
.
"
Recode
cluster
as
described
in
Instrument
cluster,
CAUTION-
seif-testing
.
Note
wattage
of
bulb
.
Excessive
wattage
could
melt
cluster
housing
.
Replace
defective
bulbs
with
Instrument
cluster
bulbs,
replacing
reptacementbulbs
of
the
same
wattage
.
1
.
Remove
instrument
cluster
as
described
above
.
Odometer
coding
plug,
replacing
2
.
Remove
faulty
bulb
by
turning
bulb
base
45°
inits
mount
and
remove
from
housing
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
The
coding
plug
maintains
a
record
of
thevehicle
mileage
.
The
back
of
the
instrument
cluster
and
its
bulb
locations
are
1
.
Record
vehicle
mileage
.
shown
in
Fig
.
4
.
2
.
Remove
instrument
cluster
as
described
earlier
.
Page 440 of 759
620-
4
INSTRUMENTS
MULTI-INFORMATION
DISPLAY
(MID)
Severa¡
different
versionsof
the
Multi-Information
Display,
have
been
installed
in
E36
cars
.
The
top-of-the-line
model
is
called
the
Oh-BoardComputer
.
See
Fig
.
8
.
Ambient
temperature/ciock
Check
control/clock
0013028
Fig
.
8
.
Different
versions
of
Multi-Information
Display
(MID)
installed
in
E36
cars
.
Multi-Information
Display,
removing
and
installing
The
Multi-Information
Display
(MID)
is
illuminated
by
bulbs
.
It
mustbe
removed
to
replace
the
bulbs
.
Bulb
replacement
is
included
in
this
procedure
.
1
.
Remove
dashboard
parcel
shelf
.
Reach
under
MID
module
and
pushoutward
.
See
Fig
.
9
.
2
.
Slide
harness
retaining
lever
forward
to
release
MID
from
wiring
harness
.
See
Fig
.
10
.
3
.
To
Rmove
a
faulty
bulb,
use
anarrow
screwdriver
to
turn
bulb
base
45°
counter
clockwíse
.
See
Fig
.
11
.
MULTI-INFORMATIONDISPLAY
(MID)
111
Fig
.
9
.
Removing
the
Multi-Information
Display(MID)
module
.
0012564
Fig
.
10
.
MID
wiring
harness
release
lever
(arrows)
.
Fig
.
11
.
Turn
bulb
base
45°
counterclockwise
.
4
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
0012566