engine CHEVROLET CAMARO 1982 Repair Guide

GM – CAMARO 1982-1992 – Repair Guide (Checked by WxMax) 513
1. Connect the vehicle battery.
2. Start the engine. Keep y
our eye on your oil pressure indicator; if it does
not indicate oil pressure within 10 se conds of starting, turn the vehicle
off.
WARNING - Damage to the engine can result if it is allowed to run with no oil
pressure. Check the engine oil level to make sure that it is full. Check for any
leaks and if found, repair the leaks be fore continuing. If there is still no
indication of oil pressure, y ou may need to prime the system.
3. Confirm that there are no fluid leaks (oil or other).
4. Allow the engine to reach nor mal operating temperature (the upper
radiator hose will be hot to the touch).
5. If necessary, set the ignition timing.
6. Install any remaining components such as the air cleaner (if removed for
ignition timing) or body panels which were removed.
BREAKING IT IN
Make the first miles on the new engine , easy ones. Vary the speed but do not
accelerate hard. Most importantly, do not lug the engine, and avoid sustained
high speeds until at least 100 miles. Ch eck the engine oil and coolant levels
frequently. Expect the engine to use a littl e oil until the rings seat. Change the
oil and filter at 500 miles, 1500 mile s, then every 3000 miles past that.
KEEP IT MAINTAINED
Now that you have just gone through all of that hard work, keep yourself from
doing it all over again by thoroughly maintaining it. Not that you may not have
maintained it before, heck you c ould have had one to two hundred thousand
miles on it before doing this. However, you may have bought the vehicle used,
and the previous owner did not keep up on maintenance. Which is why you just
went through all of that hard work. See?

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ENGINE CONTROLS

EMISSION CONTROLS

CRANKCASE VENTILATION SYSTEM
OPERATION
The Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV ) system is used to control crankcase
blow-by vapors. As the engine is running, clean, filtered air is drawn through the
air filter and into the crankcase. As the air passes through the crankca\
se, it
picks up the combustion gases and carries them out of the crankcase, through
the PCV valve, and into the induction system . As they enter the intake manifold,
they are drawn into the combustion chamber where they are reburned.
The most critical component in the system is the PCV valve. This valve controls
the amount of gases which are recycled into the combustion chamber. At low
engine speeds, the valve is partially clos ed, limiting the flow of gases into the
intake manifold. As engine speed incr eases, the valve opens to admit greater
quantities of gases into the intake manifold. If the PCV valve becomes clogged,
the system is designed to allow excessive amounts of blow-by gases to back
flow through the crankcase tube into the air cleaner to be consumed by normal
combustion.

Fig. 1: PCV flow on 4, 6 and 8cylinder engines
SERVICE
Inspect the PCV system hose and connecti ons at each tune-up and replace any
deteriorated hoses. Check the PCV valve at every tune-up and replace it at
30,000 mile intervals.

GM – CAMARO 1982-1992 – Repair Guide (Checked by WxMax) 538
TESTING
1. Remove the PCV valve from the intake manifold or valve cover.
2. Run the engine at idle.
3. Place your thumb over the end of the valve. Check for vacuum. If there is
no vacuum at the valve, check fo r plugged valve or vacuum lines.

Fig. 2: Check the PCV valve for vacuum at idle
4. Shut off the engine. Shake the valv e and listen for the rattle. If valve
doesn't rattle, replace it.
REMOVAL & INSTALLATION
PCV SYSTEM FILTER
1. To replace the PCV filter discon nect the hose, if equipped, attached to
the filter at the air cl eaner and remove the air cleaner cover. Slide the
spring clamp off of the filter and re move it from the air cleaner.
2. Inspect the rubber grommet in the valve cover and the hose for signs of \
deterioration, brittleness and cracking. Replace as necessary.
3. Installation is the reverse of removal.

GM – CAMARO 1982-1992 – Repair Guide (Checked by WxMax) 539
PCV VALVE
1. Disconnect the hose or pi pe from the PCV valve.
2. Gently pull the PCV valv e out of the grommet in the valve cover or intake
manifold.
3. Installation is the reverse of removal.

Fig. 3: PCV system on Tuned Port Injection equipped engines

Fig. 4: PCV filter location on most carbureted and throttle body injected engines

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EVAPORATIVE EMISS
ION CONTROLS
OPERATION
This system reduces the amount of gasoline vapors escaping into the
atmosphere. Some models em ploy a purge control solenoid which is controlled
by the ECM, to open and close the EE C system. Other models use a canister
mounted vacuum purge valve; when the engine vacuum reaches a certain
pressure, the valve opens allowing the gas vapors to be drawn off to the
carburetor for burning.
Carbureted models use an exhaust tube fr om the float bowl to the charcoal
canister; fuel injected models eliminate the fuel bowl tube (as no float bowl is
used on fuel injection systems). Fuel vapor s from the gas tank travel from the
tank to the vapor canister , where they are collected. Although the system varies
from vehicle-to-vehicle, the operat ions are basically the same.

Fig. 1: Evaporative Emission Cont rol (EEC) System - 2.5L engines

GM – CAMARO 1982-1992 – Repair Guide (Checked by WxMax) 542

Fig. 2: EEC system - 2.8L carbureted engines

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Fig. 3: EEC system on TPI and TBI V6/V8 engines

Fig. 4: EEC system on carbureted V8 engines

GM – CAMARO 1982-1992 – Repair Guide (Checked by WxMax) 546

Fig. 7: A common canister purge solenoid location
TANK PRESSURE CONTROL VALVE 1. Disconnect the hoses fr om the control valve.
2. Remove the mounting hardware.
3. Remove the control valve from the vehicle.
4. Installation is the reverse of the re moval procedure. Refer to the Vehicle
Emission Control Information (VECI) label, located in the engine
compartment (if present) or the diagram s found later in this section, for
proper routing of the vacuum hoses.

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EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION (EGR) SYSTEM
OPERATION
All models are equipped with
this system, which consists of a metering valve, a
vacuum line to the carburet or or intake manifold, and cast-in exhaust passages
in the intake manifold. The EGR valve is controlled by vacuum, which opens
and closes in response to the vacuum signals to admit exhaust gases into the
air/fuel mixture. The exhaust gases lower peak combustion temperatures,
reducing the formation of NOx. The valve is closed at idle and wide open
throttle, but is open between the two extreme positions.
There are actually four types of EGR systems: Ported, Positive Back-Pressure,
Negative Backpressure and Digital. The pr inciple of all the systems are the
same; the only difference is in the me thod used to control how the EGR valve
opens.
Too much EGR flow at idle, cruise or during cold operation may result in the
engine stalling after cold start, the engine stalling at idle after deceleration,
vehicle surge during cruise and rough idle . If the EGR valve is always open, the
vehicle may not idle. Too little or no EGR flow allows combustion temperatures
to rise, which could result in spar k knock (detonation), engine overheating
and/or emission test failure.
A Thermal Vacuum Switch (TVS) or vacuum control solenoid may sometimes\

be used in combination with the EGR va lve. The TVS will close off vacuum
during cold operation. A va cuum control solenoid uses Pulse Width Modulation
(PWM) to turn the solenoid ON and OFF numerous times a second and varies
the amount of ON time (pulse width) to vary the amount of ported vacuum
supplied the EGR valve.
PORTED VALVE
In the ported system, the amount of ex haust gas admitted into the intake
manifold depends on a ported vacuum signal. A ported vacuum signal is one
taken from the carburetor above the th rottle plates; thus, the vacuum signal
(amount of vacuum) is dependent on how far the throttle plates are opened.
When the throttle is closed (idle or dec eleration) there is no vacuum signal.
Thus, the EGR valve is closed, and no exhaust gas enters the intake mani\
fold.
As the throttle is opened, a vacuum is produced, which opens the EGR valve,
admitting exhaust gas into the intake manifold.
POSITIVE BACKPRE SSURE VALVE
This valve operates the same as the ported, except, it has an internal air bleed
that acts as a vacuum regulator. T he bleed valve controls the amount of
vacuum inside the vacuum chamber duri ng operation. When the valve receives
sufficient exhaust backpressure through the hollow shaft, it closes the bleed; at
this point the EGR valve opens.

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This valve will not open, wit
h vacuum applied to it, while the engine is idling or
stopped.

Fig. 1: Positive backpressure EGR valve
NEGATIVE BACKPRESSURE VALVE
This valve is similar to the positive ba ckpressure type, except, the bleed valve
spring is moved from above the diaphragm to below it. The bleed valve is
normally closed.
At certain manifold pressures, the EG R valve will open. When the manifold
vacuum combines with the negative exhaust backpressure, the bleed hole
opens and the EGR valve closes.
This valve will open when vacuum is applied and the engine is not running.