ELECTRICAL FORD KUGA 2011 1.G Manual Online

Fuel Charging and Controls
General EquipmentFord diagnostic equipment
Inspection and Verification
1. Verify the customer concern by operating the system.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical or electrical damage. Visual Inspection Chart
Electrical
Mechanical
– Loose or corrodedconnector(s)
– Wiring harness
– Fuel injector(s)
– Fuel leaks
– Blocked or contamin-
ated fuel filter
– Damaged fuel supply manifold
– Damaged fuel line connections
– Damaged vacuum hoses
– Fuel rail pressure sensor
3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step.
4. If the concern is not visually evident, verify the symptom and refer to the Ford diagnostic
equipment .
Symptom Chart
Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• CHECK the PATS LED extin-guishes within 3 seconds when
the ignition is turned on.
REFER to: Anti-Theft - Passive
(419-01 Anti-Theft - Passive,
Diagnosis and Testing).
• PAT S .
• Engine does not crank
• REFER to:Starting System
(303-06 Starting System -
2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS)
- VI5, Diagnosis and Testing).
• Starting system.
• REFER to the Wiring Diagrams.
• Ignition switch.
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• Powertrain control module
(PCM).
• RESET the IFS switch.
• Inertia fuel shutoff (IFS) switch.
• Engine cranks but does not
start
• Check the fuel system pres-sure.
• Low fuel system pressure.
G1183441en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-04A-
4
Fuel Charging and Controls
— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5
303-04A- 4
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Turbocharger
Special Tool(s) / General EquipmentHand Vacuum/Pressure
Pump
416 - D001 (23 - 036A)
23036A
Fuel Pressure Gauge
310-053 (23-046)
23046
Ford diagnostic equipment
Inspection and Verification
NOTE:It is normal for a small amount of
combustion gas to pass into the crankcase. This
gas is scavenged into the air intake system through
the positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system,
which incorporates an crankcase vent oil separator.
Some engine oil, in the form of a vapor is carried
into the air intake system with the blow-by gases
(this engine oil also contributes to valve seat
durability). This means that oil will collect inside
the air intake components and the turbocharger.
This is not an indication that the turbocharger oil
seal has failed. The turbocharger oil seal will not
fail unless the bearings fail first, which will cause
the turbocharger to become noisy or seize. Do not
install a new turbocharger due to oil inside the
turbocharger or the air intake components. If a leak
is detected in the oil supply or return tubes or connections, locate and rectify the source. Do not
install a new turbocharger due to an oil leak.
1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical
or electrical damage.
Visual Inspection Chart
Electrical
Mechanical
• Wiring harness
• Boost controlsolenoid valve
• Powertrain control module (PCM)
• Oil leak(s)
• Air cleaner element
• Air cleaner outlet
pipe
• Air cleaner intake pipe
• Turbocharger oil supply or oil return
tube
• Turbocharger intake pipe
• Turbocharger vacuum diaphragm
unit
• Turbocharger housing
• Charge air cooler
• Charge air cooler intake pipe and
hose(s)
• Charge air cooler outlet pipe and
hose(s)
3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step.
4. If the cause is not visually evident, verify the symptom and refer to the Symptom Chart.
NOTE: The vacuum diaphragm unit is a fixed part of the turbocharger and cannot be adjusted or renewed.
G1183442en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-04B- 9
Fuel Charging and Controls - Turbocharger
—
2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5
303-04B- 9
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• CHECK the pulley(s) fordamage, freedom of rotation,
stone entrapment and align-
ment. INSTALL new compon-
ents as necessary. TEST the
system for normal operation.
• Pulley(s).
• CHECK the accessory drivebelt for contamination or
damage. RECTIFY the source
of the leak and INSTALL a new
accessory drive belt.
REFER to: Accessory Drive
Belt (303-05 Accessory Drive
- 2.5L Duratec
(147kW/200PS) - VI5,
Removal and Installation).
and/or
REFER to: Air Conditioning
(A/C) Compressor Belt (303-
05 Accessory Drive - 2.5L
Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5, Removal and Installa-
tion).
TEST the system for normal
operation.
• Lubricant or other contamina-
tion.
• CHECK the accessory drivebelt tensioner for correct opera-
tion, damage or contamination.
REFER to the Accessory Drive
Belt Tensioner Component Test
in this procedure. INSTALL a
new accessory drive belt
tensioner as necessary.
REFER to: Accessory Drive
Belt Tensioner (303-05
Accessory Drive - 2.5L
Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5, Removal and Installa-
tion).
or
REFER to: Air Conditioning
(A/C) Compressor Belt
Tensioner (303-05 Accessory
Drive - 2.5L Duratec
(147kW/200PS) - VI5,
Removal and Installation).
TEST the system for normal
operation.
• Accessory drive belt tensioner
worn, damaged or contamin-
ated with oil.
NOTE:
Squeal is defined as a
continuous shriek, most noticeable
when the engine is being acceler-
ated or with electrical load.
• Accessory drive belt squeal
G1183443en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-05- 7
Accessory Drive— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5303-05-
7
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Starting System
Refer toWiring Diagrams Section 303-06, for
schematic and connector information.
General Equipment
Ford diagnostic equipment
Inspection and Verification
1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of electrical damage.
Visual Inspection Chart
Electrical
• Fuse(s)
• Wiring harness
• Electrical connector(s)
• Relay
• Switch(es)
• Battery junction box (BJB)
• Engine junction box (EJB)
• Central junction box (CJB)
• Keyless vehicle module (KVM) (if equipped)
• Battery
• Starter motor
• Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step.
4. If the cause is not visually evident, verify the symptom and refer to the diagnostictab within
the Ford diagnostic equipment .
G1183444en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-06-9
Starting System— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5303-06-
9
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Engine Ignition
General EquipmentFord diagnostic equipment
Inspection and Verification
1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of electrical damage. Visual Inspection Chart
Electrical
• Circuit(s)
• Wiring harness
• Electrical connector(s)
• Spark plug(s)
• Ignition coil-on-plug(s)
• Powertrain control module (PCM)
3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step.
4. If the cause is not visually evident, verify the symptom and refer to the Symptom Chart.
Symptom Chart
Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• CARRY OUT a KV test usingthe Ford diagnostic equipment.
• Spark plug(s).
• Engine misfire
• REFER to the Ford diagnosticequipment.
• Circuit(s).
• Ignition coil-on-plug(s).
•PCM.
• PCM calibration.
• CARRY OUT a KV test usingthe Ford diagnostic equipment.
• Spark plug(s).
• Engine stumbling
• REFER to the Ford diagnosticequipment.
• Circuit(s).
• Ignition coil-on-plug(s).
•PCM.
• PCM calibration.
• CARRY OUT a KV test usingthe Ford diagnostic equipment.
• Spark plug(s).
• Engine lacks power
• REFER to the Ford diagnosticequipment.
• Circuit(s).
• Ignition coil-on-plug(s).
G323557en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-07-
3
Engine Ignition— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5303-07-
3
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Engine Emission Control
Inspection and Verification
1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanicaldamage.
Visual Inspection Chart
Electrical
Mechanical
– Electricalconnector(s)
– Wiring harness
– Fuse(s)
– Relay
– Powertain control module (PCM)
– Hose(s)/hose joints
– Gasket(s)
– Positive crankcase
ventilation (PCV)
valve
– PCV crankcase vent oil separator
– Turbocharger 3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported
concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step.
4. If the cause is not visually evident, verify the symptom and refer to the Symptom Chart.
Symptom Chart
Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• CLEAN or INSTALL new PCVcomponents as necessary.
TEST the system for normal
operation.
• Blocked PCV crankcase vent
oil separator.
• Blocked PCV hose.
• Excessive crankcase pressure
• Worn or damaged enginecomponents.
REFER to: Engine(303-00
Engine System - General
Information, Diagnosis and
Testing).
• Engine.
• CLEAN or INSTALL a newcrankcase vent oil separator.
TEST the system for normal
operation.
• Crankcase vent oil separator.
• Oil in the air intake system
• Worn or damagedturbocharger.
REFER to: Turbocharger (303-
04 Fuel Charging and
Controls - Turbocharger -
2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS)
- VI5, Diagnosis and Testing).
• Turbocharger.
G1183446en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-08-
4
Engine Emission Control— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5303-08-
4
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Intake Air Distribution and Filtering
Inspection and Verification
1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanicalor electrical damage.
Visual Inspection Chart
Electrical
Mechanical
– Mass air flow (MAF)sensor
– Manifold absolute pressure (MAP)
sensor
– Electrical connector(s)
– Air cleaner element
– Air cleaner intake
pipe
– Air cleaner outlet pipe
– Charge air cooler
– Charge air cooler intake pipe
– Charge air cooler outlet pipe 3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported
concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step.
4. If the cause is not visually evident, verify the symptom and refer to the Symptom Chart.
Symptom Chart
Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• CHECK the pipe(s) for securityand leaks to atmosphere.
INSTALL new intake air
components as necessary.
TEST the system for normal
operation.
• Detached air cleaner pipe(s).
• Detached turbocharger pipe(s).
• Detached charge air cooler
pipe(s).
• Excessive intake air noise
• REFER to:Engine Emission
Control (303-08 Engine
Emission Control - 2.5L
Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5, Diagnosis and Testing).
• Blocked or damaged PCV
pipe(s)/hose(s).
• Blocked or damaged crankcase vent oil separator.
• Oil in the air intake system
• REFER to:Turbocharger(303-
04 Fuel Charging and
Controls - Turbocharger -
2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS)
- VI5, Diagnosis and Testing).
• Turbocharger.
• CHECK the air intake pipesplash shield for correct install-
ation and alignment.
REPAIR/INSTALL the air intake
pipe splash shield as neces-
sary. TEST the system for
normal operation.
• Air intake pipe splash shield.
• Water in the air cleaner
G1183447en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-12- 4
Intake Air Distribution and Filtering
— 2.5L Duratec
(147kW/200PS) - VI5
303-12- 4
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Evaporative Emissions
Inspection and Verification
1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanicalor electrical damage.
Visual Inspection Chart
Electrical
Mechanical
– Fuse(s)
– Wiring harness
– Electricalconnector(s)
– Vacuum line(s)
– Evaporative emis-
sion canister
– Evaporative emis- sion system hose(s)
– Evaporative emis- sion canister purge
valve
3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step.
4. If the cause is not visually evident, verify the symptom and refer to the diagnostic tab within
the Ford approved diagnostic tool.
G165592en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-13- 2
Evaporative Emissions
303-13- 2
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
E65160
The PCM communicates with all engine sensors
and the other modules. Communication of the PCM
with the other modules and the system diagnostics
takes place via the CAN (controller area network)
data bus.
The following functions are regulated or controlled
by the PCM:
• Fuel supply to the engine including lambdacontrol
• Ignition setting including knock control
• Idle speed control
• Control of optimum valve timing via the camshaft adjustment for intake and exhaust camshafts
• The refrigerant compressor is controlled by the air conditioning clutch relay and the delivery of
the refrigerant compressor is controlled by a
PWM (pulse width modulation) signal.
• Control of EVAP purge valve
• Boost pressure control
• Control of the cooling fan
• Charging system (Smart Charge)
• Starting system (Smart Start)
If the PCM is isolated from the vehicle electrical
system or the battery is disconnected, the throttle
control unit mustbe initialized.
The PCM is fitted in the engine compartment in the
air filter housing. On right hand drive vehicles a
protective metal plate is also installed to prevent
the plug connector from being pulled off, or make
it harder to pull off, in case of theft. The protective
plate is secured with a shear bolt. The shear bolt
needs to be drilled out in order to remove the
protective plate.
Knock Sensor
E96986
Two KSs are fitted. They are on the cylinder block,
one close to the 2nd cylinder and one close to the
4th cylinder.
When fitting, adhere strictly to the specified
tightening torque, otherwise the KS will not work
properly.
If the signal from one or both KS is implausible or
absent, knock control is deactivated. The PCM
switches to an ignition map that is further away
from the knock limit. As a result, engine damage
caused by combustion knock is avoided. If a fault
occurs, a fault code is stored in the error memory
of the PCM.
Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
E89993
If one or both CMP sensors fail, a fault is saved in
the error memory of the PCM and the camshaft
adjustment and knock control are deactivated.
G1021907en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-14- 8
Electronic Engine Controls— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5303-14-
8
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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than to a change in the throttle valve position. The
ignition timing also changes much more quickly.
To keep the ignition point as close as possible to
the knock limit and so optimize the efficiency of the
engine, two KS are installed in the engine, which
pick up the mechanical vibrations of the engine
and convert them into an electrical signal for the
PCM.
TIE42093
1
2
A
B1
2
Description
Item
Normal combustion
A
Knocking combustion
B
Pressure characteristic in cylinder
1
Output signal from KS
2
The term "knocking" is used to describe
combustion processes in which the flame front
propagation speed reaches the speed of sound.
This can happen towards the end of combustion
in particular, when unburnt air/fuel mixture on the
combustion chamber walls self-ignites due to the
increase in pressure following initiation of regular
combustion. The resulting pressure peaks damage
the pistons, cylinder head gasket and cylinder
head.
The cylinder in which combustion knock is
occurring is identified from the camshaft position (CMP sensors) and crankshaft position (CKP
sensor) information.
If the PCM detects combustion knock, the ignition
timing for the cylinder in question is gradually
retarded for a few crankshaft revolutions until
combustion knock stops. After that the ignition point
is slowly returned to the calculated value. This
facilitates individual cylinder ignition, which makes
it possible for the engine to operate at optimum
efficiency at the knock limit.
Engine fueling
Fuel is supplied by a non-return fuel system.
Fuel pressure and fuel delivery rate are regulated
by the PCM with the aid of the FPDM. The fuel
pump is supplied with a cycled voltage by the
FPDM. By cycling the voltage, the fuel pump output
can be steplessly adjusted. The fuel pressure can
be steplessly regulated between 3 and 5 bar.
Adjusting the fuel pump output has the following
advantages:
• The fuel pump's power consumption is reduced,
thereby reducing the load on the vehicle's power
supply system.
• The fuel pump's service life is increased.
• Fuel pump noise is reduced.
Fuel pressure regulator
The PCM calculates the required fuel pressure
based on the operating conditions. The PCM
transmits a corresponding PWM signal to the
FPDM. With the aid of this signal, the FPDM
actuates the pump by sending, in turn, a PWM
signal to the ground connection of the fuel pump.
The fuel pump can be steplessly regulated by
varying the pulse width of the PWM signal.
The PCM continuously monitors the fuel pressure
in the fuel rail by means of the fuel temperature/fuel
pressure sensor. If the pressure deviates from the
calculated value, the PCM adapts the PWM signal
to the FPDM accordingly. Thus the fuel pressure
levels out at approx. 4 bar.
For safety reasons, the PCM switches off fuel
delivery if the SRS (supplemental restraint system)
module detects a crash.
Regulation of injected fuel quantity
The electromagnetically controlled injectors dose
and atomize the fuel. The quantity of injected fuel
is regulated by the duration of actuation of the fuel
injectors. The fuel injectors are either closed (not
G1021908en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-14- 20
Electronic Engine Controls— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5303-14-
20
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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