compression ratio LAMBORGHINI GALLARDO 2009 Workshop Manual
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Fig.1
A
A
B
® Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A.
/ H S U R F H G X U H H O H L Q I R U P D ] L R Q L S X E E O L F D W H G L V H J X L W R V R Q R V W U H W W D P H Q W H F R Q ¿ G H Q ] L D O L H U L Y R O W H H V F O X V L Y D P H Q W H D O O D 5 H W H ' H D O H U H 6 H U Y L F H 3 R L Q W $ X W R U L ] ] D W L / D P E R U J K L Q L 7 X W W L L G L U L W W L G ¶ D X W R U H V R Q R S U R S U L H W j
G L $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $ L Q E D V H D O O D O H J J H V X L G L U L W W L G ¶ D X W R U H 7 X W W L L F D S L W R O L 3 ' ) G L F X L V L F R P S R Q J R Q R L P D Q X D O L R I ¿ F L Q D : ( % G H V F U L W W L G L V H J X L W R V L E D V D Q R V X O O H L Q I R U P D ] L R Q L G L V S R Q L E L O L D O
P R P H Q W R G H O O D S X E E O L F D ] L R Q H & R Q U L V H U Y D G L D J J L R U Q D P H Q W R H P R G L ¿ F K H 6 R Q R Y L H W D W H O D U L V W D P S D O D U L S U R G X ] L R Q H O ¶ L Q R O W U R D S H U V R Q H Q R Q D X W R U L ] ] D W H H R D W H U ] H S H U V R Q H O D W U D G X ] L R Q H D Q F K H S D U ] L D O H
V H Q ] D O ¶ D X W R U L ] ] D ] L R Q H V F U L W W D G D S D U W H G L $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $
* H Q H U D O G H V F U L S W L R Q R I W K H G L U H F W L Q M H F W L R Q V \ V W H P ' , 6
The
G L U H F W L Q M H F W L R Q V \ V W H P ' , 6 is comparable to the running of an indirect injection engine. The basic difference
is that in this case, the fuel is injected directly into the cylinder.
This system better optimizes the amount of fuel to be injected, so consumption – and consequently emissions – are reduced. Characteristics of the system • A low pressure pump having an operation range between 6 and 4 bar,
• 7 Z R L Q W D N H P D Q L I R O G V H T X L S S H G Z L W K W Z R D L U À R Z P H W H U V W K D W P H D V X U H W K H À R Z D Q G W H P S H U D W X U H R I W K H D V S L U D W H G
air (one per manifold),
• Two high pressure pumps mechanically driven by the motion of the engine can reach a pressure varying
between E D U 0 , 1 D Q G E D U 0 $ ; .
• High pressure injectors that directly inject the fuel into the cylinder crown.
• A special piston that allows a vortex to be created, inside of which the fuel vaporized at high pressure is
sprayed.
The system is designed for the following types of operation: • V W R L F K L R P H W U L F V W U D W L ¿ H G P L [ W X U H
• homogeneous mixture,
• homogeneous and rich mixture.
, Q R X U V S H F L ¿ F F D V H homogeneous operation is used:
I U R P W R U S P L Q V W R L F K L R P H W U L F V W U D W L ¿ H G P L [ W X U H H V S H F L D O O \ D W O R Z V S H H G V D Q G G X U L Q J W K H L J Q L W L R Q S K D V H V W R
help with emissions.Homogenous and rich running is used only when there is a demand for torque.
When running at low speeds, the injection system is further aided by a tumble system inside the intake manifold that
helps the vortex created by the design of the piston, ensuring that the quantity of injected fuel goes directly beneath the spark plug. In this way the mixture is optimized with a lower quantity of fuel.
The injection of fuel during the compression phase of the cylinder is managed electronically by two injection control
units, of which one works as the MASTER and the other as the SLAVE .
The injection system is controlled by two linear oxygen sensors that alter the amount of fuel according to the demand
of torque and engine rpm. There are also two latest generation three-way pre-catalytic converters ( A-Fig.1) (with two
oxygen sensors for their control) and two post-catalytic converters incorporated inside the silencer ( B-Fig.1).
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Fig.2
AB
C '
Fig.3
(
® Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A.
/ H S U R F H G X U H H O H L Q I R U P D ] L R Q L S X E E O L F D W H G L V H J X L W R V R Q R V W U H W W D P H Q W H F R Q ¿ G H Q ] L D O L H U L Y R O W H H V F O X V L Y D P H Q W H D O O D 5 H W H ' H D O H U H 6 H U Y L F H 3 R L Q W $ X W R U L ] ] D W L / D P E R U J K L Q L 7 X W W L L G L U L W W L G ¶ D X W R U H V R Q R S U R S U L H W j
G L $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $ L Q E D V H D O O D O H J J H V X L G L U L W W L G ¶ D X W R U H 7 X W W L L F D S L W R O L 3 ' ) G L F X L V L F R P S R Q J R Q R L P D Q X D O L R I ¿ F L Q D : ( % G H V F U L W W L G L V H J X L W R V L E D V D Q R V X O O H L Q I R U P D ] L R Q L G L V S R Q L E L O L D O
P R P H Q W R G H O O D S X E E O L F D ] L R Q H & R Q U L V H U Y D G L D J J L R U Q D P H Q W R H P R G L ¿ F K H 6 R Q R Y L H W D W H O D U L V W D P S D O D U L S U R G X ] L R Q H O ¶ L Q R O W U R D S H U V R Q H Q R Q D X W R U L ] ] D W H H R D W H U ] H S H U V R Q H O D W U D G X ] L R Q H D Q F K H S D U ] L D O H
V H Q ] D O ¶ D X W R U L ] ] D ] L R Q H V F U L W W D G D S D U W H G L $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $
Funzionction , Q W D N H The
tumble throttle ( A-Fig.2) is opened depending on the position of the accelerator pedal.
To switch over intake ( B-Fig.2), the tumble throttle is open or closed depending on the point of operation:
• The intake switchover tumble W K U R W W O H L V F O R V H G L Q W K H P L G G O H O R D G U D Q J H D Q G U S P V R W K H D V S L U D W H G D L U À R Z V
inside the cylinder with a rotary movement, which has a positive effect on carburetion.
• As the load and rpm gradually rise, the air that can be aspirated only through the upper duct ( C-Fig.2) would no
O R Q J H U V X I ¿ F H 6 R W K H Q W K H tumble throttle opens the lower duct as well ( ' ) L J ).
, Q M H F W L R QThe fuel is injected directly into the cylinder by the high pressure injector ( ( ) L J ) during intake.
1 R W H
The energy necessary for evaporating the fuel is taken from the air contained inside the combustion chamber
that cools down. Thanks to this, it is possible to increase the compression ratio compared to that of an indirect injection engine.