flat tire MITSUBISHI MONTERO 1998 Service Manual
Page 210 of 1501
Attaching hardware
missing ................ C .......... Require replacement of
hardware.
Attaching hardware not
functioning ............ A ... Require repair or replacement
of hardware.
Binding, affecting
performance ............ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Binding, not affecting
performance ............ 2 .. Suggest repair or replacement.
Broken .................. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Burned, affecting
performance ............ A ........... (1) Require repair or
replacement.
Burned, not affecting
performance ............ 2 ........... ( 1) Suggest repair or
replacement.
Cracked, affecting
performance ............ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Cracked, not affecting
performance ............ 1 .. Suggest repair or replacement.
Float saturated ......... A ............ Require replacement.
Leaking ................. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Malfunctioning .......... A ........... ( 2) Require repair or
replacement.
Melted, affecting
performance ............ A ........... ( 1) Require repair or
replacement.
Melted, not affecting
performance ............ 2 ........... ( 1) Suggest repair or
replacement.
Missing ................. C ............ Require replacement.
Out of adjustment ....... B .. Require repair or replacement.
Terminal broken ......... A .. Require repair or replacement.
Terminal burned, affecting
performance ............ A ........... ( 1) Require repair or
replacement.
Terminal burned, not
affecting performance .. 2 .. Suggest repair or replacement.
Terminal corroded,
affecting performance .. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Terminal corroded, not
affecting performance .. 2 .. Suggest repair or replacement.
Terminal loose, affecting
performance ............ B .. Require repair or replacement.
Terminal loose, not
affecting performance .. 1 .. Suggest repair or replacement.
Won't return ............ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Worn .................... 1 ............ Suggest replacement.
( 1) - Determine cause and correct prior to repair or
replacement of part.
( 2) - Includes inoperative, intermittent operation, or failure to
perform all functions.
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TIRES
Consult the vehicle owner's manual or vehicle placard for
correct size, speed ratings, and inflation pressure of the original
tires.
TIRE INSPECTION
Page 965 of 1501
FLUID CAPACITIES
FLUID CAPACITIES TABLE ( 1) \
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Item Condition Specification
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Engine Oil Oil Pan 4.5 Qts. (4.3L)
(
1)
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Oil Filter 0.32 Qts. (0.3L)
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Oil Cooler 0.32 Qts. (0.3L)
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Power Drained 1.1 Qts. (1.0L)
Steering
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Automatic Drained 8.9 Qts. (8.5L)
Transmission
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Manual Drained 3.3 Qts. (3.2L)
Transmission
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Transfer Case Drained 2.6 Qts. (2.5L)
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Front Axle Drained 1.3 Qts. (1.2L)
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Rear Axle Drained 3.3 Qts. (3.2L)
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A/C Drained 27 oz (760 g)
Refrigerant
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Fuel Tank Capacity 24 gal (92L)
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(
1) - Capacities are recommended or calculated levels. Always use
dipstick to measure level.
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WHEEL & TIRE SPECIFICATIONS
Tire specifications are imprinted on the tire side wall. The
recommended cold tire inflation pressures are listed on a label
attached to the rear face of the driver's door. These pressures
provide the best combination of ride comfort, tire wear and stability
under normal conditions.
CAUTION: DO NOT mix tires of different design such as radial ply
with bias or bias-belted tires. Mixing tire types will
adversely affect road handling and may lead to loss of
vehicle control. When using snow tires, they must be used
in set of four for maneuverability and safety. DO NOT use
tire chains on front wheels.
TIRE & WHEEL SPECIFICATIONS TABLE
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Wheel Size Tire Size
15 x 6JJ (Steel or Aluminum) .................. P235/75R15
15 X 7JJ (Aluminum) ........................... P265/70R15
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WHEEL TIGHTENING
Page 1192 of 1501
(1) - Require replacement of units where dents restrict shock
or strut piston rod movement. If dents don't restrict
movement, no service is suggested or required. Especially
critical on mono-tube shocks.
( 2) - This condition can lead to damage of the piston rod,
which, in turn, causes premature piston rod seal wear.
( 3) - Only required if replacing cartridge.
( 4) - CAUTION: If the strut cartridge has been replaced previously,
the oil on the strut housing may be filler oil. The
technician must identify the source of the oil.
( 5) - If noise is isolated to shock or strut, suggest
replacement.
( 6) - Although shocks or struts may have contributed to tire
cupping, an inspection is needed of the entire suspension
system. If the shock or strut is found to be contributing
to the tire cupping, require replacement.
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SPINDLES
SPINDLE INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Attaching hardware
broken ................. A ... Require replacement of broken
part.
Attaching hardware
loose .................. A ... Require repair or replacement
of loose part.
Attaching hardware
missing ................ C .. Require replacement of missing
part.
Attaching hardware
threads damaged ........ A ... Require repair or replacement
of part with damaged threads.
Attaching hardware
threads stripped
(threads missing) ...... A ..... Require replacement of part
with stripped threads.
Bent .................... B ............ Require replacement.
Broken .................. A ............ Require replacement.
Race seat area
undersized ............. B ............ Require replacement.
Scored .................. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Threads damaged ......... A .. Require repair or replacement.
Threads stripped (threads
missing) ............... A ............ Require replacement.
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SPRINGS - COIL, LEAF AND TORSION BAR
When springs are replaced, it is suggested, but not required,
that both springs on an axle be replaced to maintain equal height from
side to side and to provide a balanced ride and proper handling.
When variable rate springs are installed in place of
conventional coil springs, they must be installed in axle sets to
ensure proper handling, uniform ride, and proper chassis height.
Erroneous height measurements may result from: improper tire
inflation, non-standard tire or wheel size, and heavy load in vehicle
or trunk.
SPRING (COIL, LEAF AND TORSION BAR) INSPECTION
Page 1210 of 1501
be caused by
faulty alignment ....... A ............. Require alignment.
Part has been changed,
affecting alignment .... A ....... Require alignment check.
Pull, shown to be caused
by faulty alignment .... A ............. Require alignment.
Steering wheel
off-center ............. 2 ............. Suggest alignment.
Tire wear, shown
to be caused by
faulty alignment ....... A ............. Require alignment.
Wander, shown
to be caused by
faulty alignment ....... A ............. Require alignment.
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WHEELS AND TIRES
TIRES
These guidelines do not apply to split rims. Some vehicle
manufacturers restrict replacement of tires to specific brands, types,
or sizes.
WARNING: High pressure temporary compact spare tires should not be
used with any other rims or wheels, nor should standard
tires, snow tires, wheel covers, or trim rings be used
with high pressure compact spare rims or wheels.
Attempting to mount a tire of one diameter on a wheel of
a different diameter or flange type may result in serious
injury or death.
WARNING: Only specially trained persons should dismount or mount
tires. Explosions of tire and wheel assembly can result
from improper mounting, possibly causing serious injury
or death.
WARNING: Consult the vehicle owner's manual or vehicle placard for
correct size, speed rating, designation, and cold
inflation pressure of the original tires. DO NOT exceed
the maximum load or inflation capacity of the tire
specified by the Tire and Rim Association
WARNING: When replacing tires, it is suggested that the
replacement tires match or exceed the OEM speed rating
designation. If tires of different speed rating
designations are mixed on the same vehicle, the tires may
vary in handling characteristics. DO NOT mix different
speed rating designations on the same axle.
WARNING: DO NOT mix radials with non-radial tires on the same
axle, as this may affect vehicle handling and stability.
If radial tires and bias or bias-belted ply tires are
mixed on the same vehicle, the radials must be on the
rear. High-pressure temporary compact spare tires are
exempt from this rule.
WARNING: DO NOT mix size or type (all season, performance, mud and
snow) of tires on the same axle.
TIRE INSPECTION
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Page 1211 of 1501
Condition Code Procedure
Air pressure incorrect .. B .................. Require repair
Bead broken ............. A ............ Require replacement.
Bead leaking, caused
by tire ................ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Bead wire/cord exposed .. A ............ Require replacement.
Cord or belt material
exposed ................ A ............ Require replacement.
Cord ply separations .... A ............ Require replacement.
Directional/asymmetrical
tires mounted
incorrectly ............ B ....... Require remounting and/or
repositioning.
Irregular tread wear,
affecting performance .. 2 ........ (1) Suggest replacement.
Load ratings less
than OEM
specifications ......... B ............ Require replacement.
Mixed tread types (all
season, performance, mud
and snow) on same axle . A ............ Require replacement.
Number of punctures
exceeds manufacturer's
limit .................. B ............ Require replacement.
Out of balance .......... B . Require rebalance of tire/wheel
assembly.
Ply separation .......... A ............ Require replacement.
Pull or lead, caused
by tire ................ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Radial and bias or
bias-belted ply tires
on same axle ........... B .. Require repair or replacement.
Radials are on the front
and not on the rear .... B ........... ( 2) Require repair or
replacement.
Run flat damage ......... A ............ Require replacement.
Shoulder cut ............ A ............ Require replacement.
Shoulder puncture ....... A ............ Require replacement.
Shoulder with plug ...... A ............ Require replacement.
Sidewall bulge .......... A ............ Require replacement.
Sidewall cut ............ A ............ Require replacement.
Sidewall indentation .... .. ......... No service required or
suggested.
Sidewall puncture ....... A ............ Require replacement.
Sidewall with plug ...... A ............ Require replacement.
Speed rating
designations
different
on same axle ........... 2 .. Suggest repair or replacement.
Tire and wheel assembly
has excessive run-out .. B ........... ( 3) Require repair or
replacement of appropriate
part.
Tires with more than
1/4" diameter difference
on a four-wheel drive
vehicle ................ B ............ Require replacement.
Tread area puncture larger
in diameter than
manufacturer's
specifications ......... B ............ Require replacement.
Tread missing pieces
Page 1273 of 1501
(1) - Require replacement of units where dents restrict shock
or strut piston rod movement. If dents don't restrict
movement, no service is suggested or required. Especially
critical on mono-tube shocks.
( 2) - This condition can lead to damage of the piston rod,
which, in turn, causes premature piston rod seal wear.
( 3) - Only required if replacing cartridge.
( 4) - CAUTION: If the strut cartridge has been replaced previously,
the oil on the strut housing may be filler oil. The
technician must identify the source of the oil.
( 5) - If noise is isolated to shock or strut, suggest
replacement.
( 6) - Although shocks or struts may have contributed to tire
cupping, an inspection is needed of the entire suspension
system. If the shock or strut is found to be contributing
to the tire cupping, require replacement.
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SPINDLES
SPINDLE INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Attaching hardware
broken ................. A ... Require replacement of broken
part.
Attaching hardware
loose .................. A ... Require repair or replacement
of loose part.
Attaching hardware
missing ................ C .. Require replacement of missing
part.
Attaching hardware
threads damaged ........ A ... Require repair or replacement
of part with damaged threads.
Attaching hardware
threads stripped
(threads missing) ...... A ..... Require replacement of part
with stripped threads.
Bent .................... B ............ Require replacement.
Broken .................. A ............ Require replacement.
Race seat area
undersized ............. B ............ Require replacement.
Scored .................. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Threads damaged ......... A .. Require repair or replacement.
Threads stripped (threads
missing) ............... A ............ Require replacement.
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SPRINGS - COIL, LEAF AND TORSION BAR
When springs are replaced, it is suggested, but not required,
that both springs on an axle be replaced to maintain equal height from
side to side and to provide a balanced ride and proper handling.
When variable rate springs are installed in place of
conventional coil springs, they must be installed in axle sets to
ensure proper handling, uniform ride, and proper chassis height.
Erroneous height measurements may result from: improper tire
inflation, non-standard tire or wheel size, and heavy load in vehicle
or trunk.
SPRING (COIL, LEAF AND TORSION BAR) INSPECTION
Page 1291 of 1501
be caused by
faulty alignment ....... A ............. Require alignment.
Part has been changed,
affecting alignment .... A ....... Require alignment check.
Pull, shown to be caused
by faulty alignment .... A ............. Require alignment.
Steering wheel
off-center ............. 2 ............. Suggest alignment.
Tire wear, shown
to be caused by
faulty alignment ....... A ............. Require alignment.
Wander, shown
to be caused by
faulty alignment ....... A ............. Require alignment.
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WHEELS AND TIRES
TIRES
These guidelines do not apply to split rims. Some vehicle
manufacturers restrict replacement of tires to specific brands, types,
or sizes.
WARNING: High pressure temporary compact spare tires should not be
used with any other rims or wheels, nor should standard
tires, snow tires, wheel covers, or trim rings be used
with high pressure compact spare rims or wheels.
Attempting to mount a tire of one diameter on a wheel of
a different diameter or flange type may result in serious
injury or death.
WARNING: Only specially trained persons should dismount or mount
tires. Explosions of tire and wheel assembly can result
from improper mounting, possibly causing serious injury
or death.
WARNING: Consult the vehicle owner's manual or vehicle placard for
correct size, speed rating, designation, and cold
inflation pressure of the original tires. DO NOT exceed
the maximum load or inflation capacity of the tire
specified by the Tire and Rim Association
WARNING: When replacing tires, it is suggested that the
replacement tires match or exceed the OEM speed rating
designation. If tires of different speed rating
designations are mixed on the same vehicle, the tires may
vary in handling characteristics. DO NOT mix different
speed rating designations on the same axle.
WARNING: DO NOT mix radials with non-radial tires on the same
axle, as this may affect vehicle handling and stability.
If radial tires and bias or bias-belted ply tires are
mixed on the same vehicle, the radials must be on the
rear. High-pressure temporary compact spare tires are
exempt from this rule.
WARNING: DO NOT mix size or type (all season, performance, mud and
snow) of tires on the same axle.
TIRE INSPECTION
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Page 1292 of 1501
Condition Code Procedure
Air pressure incorrect .. B .................. Require repair
Bead broken ............. A ............ Require replacement.
Bead leaking, caused
by tire ................ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Bead wire/cord exposed .. A ............ Require replacement.
Cord or belt material
exposed ................ A ............ Require replacement.
Cord ply separations .... A ............ Require replacement.
Directional/asymmetrical
tires mounted
incorrectly ............ B ....... Require remounting and/or
repositioning.
Irregular tread wear,
affecting performance .. 2 ........ (1) Suggest replacement.
Load ratings less
than OEM
specifications ......... B ............ Require replacement.
Mixed tread types (all
season, performance, mud
and snow) on same axle . A ............ Require replacement.
Number of punctures
exceeds manufacturer's
limit .................. B ............ Require replacement.
Out of balance .......... B . Require rebalance of tire/wheel
assembly.
Ply separation .......... A ............ Require replacement.
Pull or lead, caused
by tire ................ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Radial and bias or
bias-belted ply tires
on same axle ........... B .. Require repair or replacement.
Radials are on the front
and not on the rear .... B ........... ( 2) Require repair or
replacement.
Run flat damage ......... A ............ Require replacement.
Shoulder cut ............ A ............ Require replacement.
Shoulder puncture ....... A ............ Require replacement.
Shoulder with plug ...... A ............ Require replacement.
Sidewall bulge .......... A ............ Require replacement.
Sidewall cut ............ A ............ Require replacement.
Sidewall indentation .... .. ......... No service required or
suggested.
Sidewall puncture ....... A ............ Require replacement.
Sidewall with plug ...... A ............ Require replacement.
Speed rating
designations
different
on same axle ........... 2 .. Suggest repair or replacement.
Tire and wheel assembly
has excessive run-out .. B ........... ( 3) Require repair or
replacement of appropriate
part.
Tires with more than
1/4" diameter difference
on a four-wheel drive
vehicle ................ B ............ Require replacement.
Tread area puncture larger
in diameter than
manufacturer's
specifications ......... B ............ Require replacement.
Tread missing pieces
Page 1376 of 1501
BRAKE SYSTEM TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART \
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CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSE CORRECTION \
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Brakes Pull Left
or Right Incorrect tire pressure Inflate tires to proper
pressure
Front end out of alignment See WHEEL ALIGNMENT
Mismatched tires Check tires sizes
Restricted brake lines
or hoses Check hose routing
Loose or malfunctioning
caliper See DISC BRAKES or
BRAKE SYSTEM
Bent shoe or oily linings See DRUM BRAKES or
BRAKE SYSTEM
Malfunctioning rear brakes See DRUM, DISC BRAKES
or BRAKE SYSTEM
Loose suspension parts See SUSPENSION
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Noises Without
Brakes Applied Front linings worn out Replace linings
Dust or oil on drums See DRUM, DISC BRAKES
or rotors or BRAKE SYSTEM
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Noises With
Brakes Applied Insulator on outboard See DISC BRAKES or
shoe damaged BRAKE SYSTEM
Incorrect pads or linings Replace pads or linings
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Brake Rough, Chatters
or Pulsates Excessive lateral runout Check rotor runout
Parallelism not to
specifications Reface or replace rotor
Wheel bearings not adjusted See SUSPENSION
Rear drums out-of-round Reface or replace drums
Disc pad reversed, steel
against rotor Remove and reinstall
pad
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Excessive Pedal
Effort Malfunctioning power unit See POWER BRAKES or
BRAKE SYSTEM
Partial system failure Check fluid and pipes
Worn disc pad or lining Replace pad or lining
Caliper piston stuck or
Page 1411 of 1501
Dry or binding clutch Lubricate and align
pedal hub components
Floor mat interference Lay mat flat in proper
with pedal area
Dry or binding ball/fork Lubricate and align
pivots components
Faulty clutch cable Replace clutch cable
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Noisy Clutch Faulty interlock switch Replace interlock
Pedal switch
Self-adjuster ratchet Lubricate or replace
noise self-adjuster
Speed control interlock Lubricate or replace
switch interlock switch
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Clutch Pedal Binding clutch cable See CLUTCH article
Sticks Down
Springs weak in pressure Replace pressure plate
plate
Binding in clutch linkage Lubricate and free
linkage
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Noisy Dry release bearing Lubricate or replace
release bearing
Dry or worn pilot bearing Lubricate or replace
bearing
Worn input shaft bearing Replace bearing
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Transmission Weak springs in pressure Replace pressure plate
Click plate
Release fork loose on ball Replace release fork
stud and/or ball stud
Oil on clutch disc damper Replace clutch disc
Broken spring in slave Replace slave cylinder
cylinder
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DRIVE AXLE - NOISE DIAGNOSIS
Unrelated Noises
Some driveline trouble symptoms are also common to the
engine, transmission, wheel bearings, tires, and other parts of the
vehicle. Ensure cause of trouble actually is in the drive axle before
adjusting, repairing, or replacing any of its parts.
Non-Drive Axle Noises
A few conditions can sound just like drive axle noise and
have to be considered in pre-diagnosis. The 4 most common noises are
exhaust, tires, CV/universal joints and wheel trim rings.