lock SSANGYONG MUSSO 2003 Service Manual

5A-64 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
Default Transmission Operating Modes
The TCU relies on accurate information from its inputs and complete control of its outputs to effectively control the
transmission. To ensure that it has both valid inputs and functioning outputs, the TCU carries out both hardware and
software fault detection routines. The TCU will respond to any faults detected by adopting the operating modes which
are detailed below.
The following symptoms of faults are the most obvious results of each fault under ‘normal ’ conditions.
There is always the possibility that a fault may not be detected. If undetected fault conditions are present, the
operation of the transmission is difficult to predict.
1 Throttle Fault
All shifts will occur as if a nominal throttle (approx. 44%) were applied for shift scheduling.
All shifts will be firm as full throttle and hence high engine torque is assumed.
The torque converter will be unlocked at all times.
All downshifts initiated by the shift lever will occur as though they were ‘automatic ’ shifts. That is the engine
braking effect will not occur until near the end of the shift.
Line pressure will always stay high (solenoid 6 OFF) to cope with assumed high throttle/torque.
If a fault is undetected, the percent throttle is most likely to be interpreted as higher than actual, resulting in late
upshifts, early downshifts, firm shifting and a harsh 3-1 shift when stopping.
2 Throttle Not Learnt Fault
The transmission operates from default throttle calibration values which results in the evaluation of the throttle being
higher (more open) than it is. There(ore at zero throttle settings, the transmission may calculate that sufficient throttle
opening is present to justify high line pressure and switch solenoid 6 to OFF. Other symptoms are:
a. late upshifts and
b. lock-up maintained at zero throttle when the vehicle speed is sufficiently high.
3 Engine Speed Fault All shifts will be firm because an engine speed corresponding to peak engine torques is assumed.
If a fault is undetected, the engine speed is likely to be interpreted as stalled resulting in soft shifting possibly with an end of shift bump.
4 Vehicle Speed Sensor Fault
All shifts will be controlled by the shift lever with skip downshifts disabled and downshifts only allowed if the
engine speed is low. Fourth gear will be inhibited.
The torque converter will be unlocked at all times.
If a fault is undetected, the vehicle is likely to be interpreted as being stationary resulting in first gear operation at all
times. Note that speedometer transducer faults are likely to cause the vehicle ’s speedometer to become inoperative.
5 Gear Lever Fault (Inhibitor/PRNDL Switch) The gear lever is assumed to be in the Drive position.
The transmission is limited to 2nd,3rd, and R gears only.
The rear band will apply at all times when the lever is shifted to P, R or N. (B2 inhibition and reverse lockout
protection is disabled.)
The torque converter will be unlocked at all times.
Manually (gear lever) initiated downshifts will not be available.
If a fault is undetected, the gear lever position is likely to be interpreted as being higher than actual. Where Park is the
highest position and Manual 1 is the lowest, the result being the availability of higher gears than selected by the gear
lever.

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 5A-65
If the gear lever is incorrectly adjusted, the transmission may shift gears on bumpy road surfaces.
6 Transmission Oil Temperature Sensing FaultAll shifts will be firm until the transmission has warmed up, because a high transmission oil temperature is
assumed.
If a fault is undetected, the temperature is likely to be evaluated as being lower than actual, resulting in softer shifts with ‘end bump ’ (very firm feel at the end of the shift).
7 Mode Setting Fault All shifts will occur as if the mode is set to ‘NORMAL ’ .
The mode indicator will always be off indicating that ‘NORMAL ’ mode is selected.
The mode indicator will not respond to changes in switch setting.
If a fault is undetected, the mode as indicated by the mode indicator is not likely to respond to the mode switch.
8 Battery Voltage Sensing Fault
If the battery voltage is low then shifts to first gear are inhibited.9 the battery voltage is high (>16.5V) then the transmission goes into limp home (LHM) mode.
If a fault is undetected, the transmission is likely to incorrectly evaluate an ON/OFF solenoid fault resulting in limp home mode (LHM) operation.
9 ON/OFF Solenoid Fault (Solenoids 1,2,3 and 4)
The transmission adopts its limp home mode (LHM) operation, described above. However, if solenoid 1 is faulty then
the fourth gear LHM strategy will be adopted independent of vehicle speed.
If a fault is undetected, the operation of the transmission is dependent on which solenoid is actually faulty. The
characteristics for different solenoid fault conditions are listed in table 6.1.2.
10 ON/OFF Solenoid Fault (Solenoids 6,7)
If solenoid 6 is found faulty it is always disabled resulting in high line pressure being applied continuously.
If solenoid 7 is found faulty it is disabled resulting in the transmission being locked always.The transmission does not go into LHM.
11 Variable Pressure Solenoid Fault The transmission adopts its LHM operation.
If a fault is undetected, the transmission shift feel is likely to be poor for all shifts.
12 Software Fault
The transmission adopts the third gear LHM strategy of operation, independent of vehicle speed. The operation of
the TCU under this condition is difficult to predict. Its operation may be erratic.
If a fault is undetected, the operation of the TCU is likely to be erratic.
13 Power Supply Fault
The transmission adopts the third gear LHM strategy of operation, independent of vehicle speed. If there is an
intermittent power supply connection, the TCU will power-up in fourth gear and then shift to the appropriate gear to
satisfy the conditions present. The power supply is not monitored for fault evaluation.
All faults except for solenoid faults can be recovered without having to turn the TCU off and back on. However, in
general the recovery requires that no faults are present for a period of time (approx. 3 or 30 seconds). Recovery from
a fault will not clear the fault from the keep alive memory
14 Transmission Sump Temperature Exceeding 135°C
The converter lockup clutch will be applied at lower speeds, causing a shudder through the vehicle.
The mode indicator will flash in some vehicles.
These faults can be due to the transmission oil overheating or due to an incorrect signal received from the temperature
sensor.

5A-66 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
Diagnostic Trouble Messages The diagnostic trouble messages generated by the TCU and their possible causes are listed in table 6.1.3.
Table 6.1.2 - Transmission Operations for On/Off Solenoid Faults
Transmission Operation
First gear instead of second and fourth gear instead of third. This results in a 1
4 shift as the vehicle accelerates from rest.
Second gear instead of first and third gear instead of fourth.This results in second gear starts.
Fourth gear instead of first and third gear instead of second.This results in fourth gear starts.
Second gear instead of third and first gear instead of fourth. This results in a 1
2 then 2
1 (overrun) downshift as the vehicle
accelerates from rest. The following shifts become poor:1
3, 1
4, 2
1 2
3, 2
4, 4
2, 4
1.
The following shifts become poor: 3
4, 4
3, 3
2.
There may be slippage in the gears during torque converter locking. The following shifts become poor:1
2, 1
3, 1
4, 2
3, 2
4, 3
1, 3
2 (All Including Manual), 3
4,
4
1,4
3.
The following shifts become poor:2
4, 3
2.
There may be slippage in the gears during torque converter locking.Line pressure always high.Line pressure always low thus resulting in risk of slippage in gears.
Torque converter always unlocked.
Torque converter always locked in 3rd and 4th gears, causing thevehicle to shudder at lower speeds,
Condition
Always ON Always OFF Always OFF Always ON Always OFF Always ON Always OFF Always ON Always OFF Always ON Always OFFAlways ONSolenoid 1 2 34 6 7

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 5A-69
MECHANICAL TESTS
In Vehicle Transmission Checks
Carry out the following tests before removing the transmission. See Checking Transmission Fluid Level, Section 7.2.1.
Check that the transmission oil is not burnt (colour and smell are correct).
Ensure that the transmission is not in limp home mode (LHM).
Check that the battery terminals and the earth connections are not corroded or loose.
Check the engine stall speed is within the handbook value.
Check that the cooler flow is not restricted.
Check that all electrical plug connections are tight.
Carry out a road test to confirm the symptoms, if necessary.
Inspect the oil, ensure that there are no metal or other contaminants in the oil pan.
Diagnosing Oil Leaks
Determine the source of oil leaks by firstly cleaning down the affected area, then driving the vehicle. Inspect the seals to confirm the source of the leak. To determine the source of a rear servo oil leak, raise the vehicle on a hoist, then carry out a reverse stall.
To determine the source of a front servo leak, raise the vehicle on a hoist, then run the vehicle in second gear.
Troubleshooting Charts The troubleshooting charts are set out as follows: Table 6.2.1 Drive Faults,
Table 6.2.2 Faulty Shift Patterns.
Table 6.2.3 Shift Quality Faults.
Table 6.2.4 After Teardown Faults.
Table 6.2.1 - Drive Faults
Action
Check the fluid level. Top up as necessary. Inspect and clean C1/C2 feed. Reinstall/renew the ‘z’ link.
Remove, clean and re-install the PRV.
Inspect and replace as necessary.
Inspect and replace as necessary.
Inspect and replace as necessary.
Check servo adjustment or replace rear band
as necessary.
Check for failure in C3, C3 hub or C1/C2 cylin-
der. Repair as necessary.
Inspect and clean PRV.
Inspect and replace pump gears as necessary.
Inspect and repair as necessary.
Possible Cause
Insufficient auto transmission fluid.
Blocked feed in C1/C2 cylinder.
‘Z’ link displaced.
Primal regulator valve (PRV) jammed open.Overdrive shaft or input shaft seal ringsfailed. 3-4 or 1-2 one way clutch (OWC) installed backwards or failed.C2 piston broken or cracked.
Rear band or servo faulty.
Failure in C3, C3 hub or C1/C2 cylinder.Jammed primary regulator valve (PRV). Damaged/broken pump gears. Dislodged output shaft snap ring.Symptom
No Drive in D No Drive in ReverseNo engine braking
in Manual 1 Engine braking in Manual 1 is OKNo drive in Driveand Reverse

5A-74 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
Action
Inspect, repair C2 and adjust the linkage as neces-
sary. Repair C2. Inspect, repair or replace S6 as neces-
sary.Repair C2. Inspect, replace the sealing rings and/
or shaft as necessary. Repair C2. Inspect, repair or replace the C2 piston
as necessary.
Inspect C4 and repair as necessary.Inspect and adjust the C4 pack clearance as nec-
essary. Repair C4. Inspect and replace the wave plate as
necessary.Repair C4. Inspect and realign the wave plate as
necessary.Repair C4. Inspect and realign the sealing rings
and/or shaft as necessary. Repair C4. Inspect and refit the OWC as neces-
sary.Repair C4. Inspect and replace the C2 piston as
necessary.
Repair C4. Inspect and refit the ball as necessary.Inspect and repair B1 and replace the spring as
necessary.Replace sealing ring.
Repair B1. Refit the ball as necessary. Inspect and repair C1 and replace the spring.Repair C1. Inspect and replace the sealing tongs
and/or shaft as necessary.Repair C1. Inspect and replace the C1 piston as
necessary. Repair C1. Inspect and refit the capsule as neces-
sary.Repair C1. Inspect and refit the valve as neces-
sary. Repair C1. Inspect and replace the ball as neces-
sary.
Inspect and adjust the band as necessary.
Inspect and refit the ball as necessary.Inspect and replace the ‘O’ ring as necessary.
Inspect and refit the valve as necessary.Inspect and replace the ‘O’ ring as necessary.
Inspect and refit the valve as necessary.
Possible Cause
T-bar linkage out of adjustment.
56 foiled - stuck low. Overdrive/output shaft sealing rings damaged. C2 piston cracked. Incorrect C4 pack clearance. C4 wave plate broken.
C4 wave plate not lined up properly.Overdrive or output shaft sealing rings dam- aged. 3-4 one way clutch (OWC) in backwards. C2 piston cracked. Over-run clutch (OC)/low-1st ball misplaced. B1R spring broken. Input shaft sealing ring cut. C1/B1R ball misplaced. B1R spring left out.Overdrive or input shaft sealing rings damaged. C1 piston cracked. Ball capsule jammed. 4-3 sequence valve in backwards. Clutch apply feed (CAF)/B1R ball left out. Rear band incorrectly adjusted or damaged. Reverse-low/first ball misplaced.Input shaft ‘O’ ring missing or damaged.
Converter clutch regulator valve in backwards.Input shaft ‘O’ ring missing or damaged.
C1 bias valve in backwards.
Symptom
C2 burnt C4 burnt B1 burnt C1 burnt Slips in reverse - no manual 1st Firm converter
lock or unlockNo lock up at lightthrottle
Table 6.2.4 - After Teardown Faults

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 5A-83
Tightening Torque 70 - 80 Nm
11. Remove the two pipes for oil cooler. Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 24.5 - 34.3 Nm
12. Remove the service hall cover on torque converter.
13. Put the alignment mark for installation, and unscrew the six mounting bolts for torque converter from drive plate through the service hole (arrow) by rotating the engine
and remove the torque converter. Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 42 Nm
7. Remove the rear propeller shaft.
Installation Notice
8. Unscrew the five bolts and remove the transfer case.
9. Disconnect the 10-Pins Plug connector from transmission.
10. Separate the locking clip on shift lever and remove the shift rod.Notice Removal and installation performed when the shift procedure should be lever is in “D” range.
Screw the six bolts mounting the torque converter through the service hole by using a mirror and rotating the engine.

5A-86 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
9. Remove the pump to case bolts using a multi-hex 8 mmspanner.
10. Using the pump puller No. 0555-332941, remove the pump.
11. Remove the input shaft, forward clutch cylinder, and the overdrive shaft as an assembly, withdrawing them through the front of the case.
12. Remove the C3 clutch cylinder and sun gears.
13. Remove the fronts band struts. Remove the front band.
14. Remove the two centre support retaining bolts using a T50 Torx bit.
15. Remove the centre support retaining circlip. Notice
Do not hammer the output shaft to remove the centre
support as this will cause permanent damage to the thrust bearing surfaces.
16. Remove the centre support, 1-2 one way clutch, planetary gear set and output shaft as an assembly.
17. Remove the parking rod cam plate. (T40 Torx bit).
18. Remove the rear band struts and remove the band. 4. Detach each end of the filter retaining clip from the valve
body and remove the filter.
5. Detach the wires from each solenoid and lay the wiring to one side.
6. Remove the valve body securing screws and remove the valve body from the case.
7. Remove the front servo cover circlip. Remove the cover and piston.Notice
The plastic servo block is retained by the piston return
spring only.
8. Where fitted, remove the flange yoke, and then remove the extension housing (RWD model).
Remove the adaptor housing (4WD model).

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 5A-89
Forward Clutch Cylinder
To remove the forward clutch cylinder, refer to figure 8.4,
proceed as follows.
1. Place the assembly in a horizontal position.
2. Remove the thrust bearing and adjustment shims from the input shaft.
3. Remove the circlip from the front of the clutch cylinder and remove the input shaft.
4. Remove the overdrive shaft and the C1 clutch hub assembly from the clutch cylinder.
5. Remove the C1 clutch plates from the cylinder.
6. Remove the circlip retaining the C3 clutch hub in the rear of the clutch cylinder and remove the hub.
7. Remove the C2/C4 clutch hub assembly and remove the thrust bearing from the C4 hub.
8. Remove the C2 clutch plates.
9. Invert the clutch cylinder and remove the C4 clutch sleeve, clutch plates and the two wave washers. The 3-4 one way
clutch is located between the C2 and C4 clutch hubs, andthe hubs may be separated by rotating one hub clockwise
and withdrawing it from the other.
Figure 8.4 - Forward Clutch Cylinder Assembly

5A-90 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
10. Remove the thrust block from the C4 clutch cylinder hub.Notice
Make sure that the spring keeper is not caught in the circlip
groove, and that all the spring pressure is released, before
removing the tool.
11. Mount the clutch cylinder on tool No.0555-331899 with the C2/C4 end uppermost and compress the piston return
spring. Remove the spring retaining circlip. Release the
tool and remove the circlip, keeper and spring.
12. Invert the clutch cylinder on the compressor tool and remove the C1 clutch piston return spring in a similar
manner.
13. To remove the clutch pistons from the clutch cylinder, apply
air pressure to the apply ports in the bore of the cylinder.

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 5A-91
C3 Clutch Cylinder
To remove the C3 clutch cylinder, proceed as follows:
1. Remove the forward sun gear and thrust bearing from theC3 clutch cylinder.
2. Remove the nylon thrust bearing, bearing support, needle thrust bearing and thrust block from the clutch cylinder hub.
3. Mount the clutch assembly on tool No.0555-331899 and
compress the piston return spring. Remove the circlip and release the spring. Notice
Make sure that the spring keeper has not been caught in
the circlip groove, and that all spring pressure has been
released, before removing the tool.
4. Remove the tool, circlip, keeper and spring.
5. Remove the sealing rings from the C3 clutch cylinder.
6. Remove the clutch plate retaining circlip and remove the clutch plates.
7. To remove the clutch piston from the clutch cylinder, apply air pressure to the port between the iron sealing rings on
the bearing journals of the cylinder.
8. Remove the reverse sun gear from the cylinder.