TOYOTA HIGHLANDER 2001 Service Repair Manual

A67528A87357
OCV Signal Waveform
1 msec./Division5 V/
Division
GNDE9
ECM
OC1 +
OC1-
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
05-63
253 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
3 CHECK IF DTC OUTPUTS REOCCUR
(a) Erase the DTC(s) using one of the following methods: 1) use the hand-held tester, 2) disconnect the
battery cable for more than 60 seconds, or 3) remove the EFI NO. 1 and ETCS fuses for more than
60 seconds.
HINT:
After disconnecting the battery cable, perform the ºINITIALIZEº procedure (see page 05-893).
(b) Start and warm up the engine.
(c) Drive the vehicle for 10 minutes or more.
(d) Read output DTC using the hand-held tester.
OK: No DTC is output.
OK VVT SYSTEM OK*
HINT:
*: DTCs P0011 and P0012 are output when a foreign object in
the engine oil enters the system. These codes will stay even if
the system returns to normal after a short time. Foreign objects
are filtered out by the oil filter.
NG
4 CHECK ECM (OCV SIGNAL)
(a) During idling, check the waveform of the ECM connector
using an oscilloscope.
Standard:
Tester ConnectionSpecified Condition
E9-16 (OC1+) - E9-15 (OC1-)Correct waveform is as shown
NG REPLACE ECM (See page 10-9)
OK

05-64
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
254 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
5 CHECK OIL CONTROL VALVE FILTER
OK: The filter is not clogged.
NG REPLACE OIL CONTROL VALVE FILTER
OK
6 CHECK CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSY (OCV) (See page
10-2)
OK: OCV has no contamination and moves smoothly.
OK Go to step 8
NG
7 REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSY (OCV)
GO
8 CHECK CAMSHAFT TIMING GEAR ASSY (See page 14-79)
OK: Camshaft timing gear rotates smoothly when pressure is applied.
OK Go to step 10
NG
9 REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING GEAR ASSY
GO
10 CHECK FOR BLOCKAGE (OCV, OIL CHECK VALVE AND OIL HOLE)
OK: No blockage
NG REPAIR OR REPLACE
OK

A76968
(-) (+)
C2
OCV
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
05-65
255 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
11 CHECK IF DTC OUTPUTS REOCCUR
(a) Erase the DTC(s) using one of the following methods: 1) use the hand-held tester, 2) disconnect the
battery cable for more than 60 seconds, or 3) remove the EFI NO. 1 and ETCS fuses for more than
60 seconds.
HINT:
After disconnecting the battery cable, perform the ºINITIALIZEº procedure (see page 05-893).
(b) Start and warm up the engine.
(c) Drive the vehicle for 10 minutes or more.
(d) Read output DTC using the hand-held tester.
OK: No DTC is output.
OK VVT SYSTEM OK*
HINT:
*: DTCs P0011 and P0012 are output when a foreign object in
the engine oil enters the system. These codes will stay even if
the system returns to normal after a short time. Foreign objects
are filtered out by the oil filter.
NG
REPLACE ECM (See page 10-9)
OBD II scan tool (excluding hand-held tester):
1 CHECK VALVE TIMING (See page 14-68)
(a) Check for loose or jumped tooth of timing chain.
OK: The matchmarks of the crankshaft pulley and camshaft pulley are alined.
NG ADJUST VALVE TIMING (See page 14-68)
OK
2 INSPECT OPERATION OF OCV
(a) Start the engine.
(b) Check the engine speed with (1) and (2).
(1) Disconnect the C2 OCV connector.
(2) Apply battery positive voltage between the termi-
nals of the OCV.
Result:
Proceed toCheck (1)Check (2)
ANormal engine speedRough idle or engine stall
BConditions other than AConditions other than A
B Go to step 4
A

A67528A87357
OCV Signal Waveform
1 msec./Division5 V/
Division
GNDE9
ECM
OC1 +
OC1-
05-66
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
256 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
3 CHECK IF DTC OUTPUTS REOCCUR
(a) Erase the DTC(s) using one of the following methods: 1) use the hand-held tester, 2) disconnect the
battery cable for more than 60 seconds, or 3) remove the EFI NO. 1 and ETCS fuses for more than
60 seconds.
HINT:
After disconnecting the battery cable, perform the ºINITIALIZEº procedure (see page 05-893).
(b) Start and warm up the engine.
(c) Drive the vehicle for 10 minutes or more.
(d) Read output DTC using the hand-held tester.
OK: No DTC is output.
OK VVT SYSTEM OK*
HINT:
*: DTCs P0011 and P0012 are output when a foreign object in
the engine oil enters the system. These codes will stay even if
the system returns to normal after a short time. Foreign objects
are filtered out by the oil filter.
NG
4 CHECK ECM (OCV SIGNAL)
(a) During idling, check the waveform of the ECM connector
using an oscilloscope.
Standard:
Tester ConnectionSpecified Condition
E9-16 (OC1+) - E9-15 (OC1-)Correct waveform is as shown
NG REPLACE ECM (See page 10-9)
OK

- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
05-67
257 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
5 CHECK OIL CONTROL VALVE FILTER
OK: The filter is not clogged.
NG REPLACE OIL CONTROL VALVE FILTER
OK
6 CHECK CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSY (OCV) (See page
10-2)
OK: OCV has no contamination and moves smoothly.
OK Go to step 8
NG
7 REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSY (OCV)
GO
8 CHECK CAMSHAFT TIMING GEAR ASSY (See page 14-79)
OK: Camshaft timing gear rotates smoothly when pressure is applied.
OK Go to step 10
NG
9 REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING GEAR ASSY
GO
10 CHECK FOR BLOCKAGE (OCV, OIL CHECK VALVE AND OIL HOLE)
OK: No blockage
NG REPAIR OR REPLACE
OK

05-68
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
258 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
11 CHECK IF DTC OUTPUTS REOCCUR
(a) Erase the DTC(s) using one of the following methods: 1) use the hand-held tester, 2) disconnect the
battery cable for more than 60 seconds, or 3) remove the EFI NO. 1 and ETCS fuses for more than
60 seconds.
HINT:
After disconnecting the battery cable, perform the ºINITIALIZEº procedure (see page 05-893).
(b) Start and warm up the engine.
(c) Drive the vehicle for 10 minutes or more.
(d) Read output DTC using the hand-held tester.
OK: No DTC is output.
OK VVT SYSTEM OK*
HINT:
*: DTCs P0011 and P0012 are output when a foreign object in
the engine oil enters the system. These codes will stay even if
the system returns to normal after a short time. Foreign objects
are filtered out by the oil filter.
NG
REPLACE ECM (See page 10-9)

- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
05-69
259 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P0016 CRANKSHAFT POSITION - CAMSHAFT
POSITION CORRELATION (BANK 1 SENSOR
A)
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Refer to DTC P0335 and P0339 on page 05-166.
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0016Deviation in crankshaft position sensor signal and VVT sensor
(bank 1) signal (2 trip detection logic)
Mechanical system (jumped tooth of timing chain, chain
stretched)

ECM
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The ECM optimizes the valve timing using the Variable Valve Timing (VVT) system to control the intake valve
camshaft. The VVT system includes the ECM, the Oil Control Valve (OCV) and the VVT controller. The ECM
sends a target duty-cycle control signal to the OCV. This control signal, sent to the OCV, regulates the oil
pressure applied to the VVT controller. The VVT controller can advance or retard the intake valve camshaft.
The ECM calibrates the valve timing of the VVT system by setting the camshaft to the maximum retard angle
when the engine is idling. The ECM closes the OCV to retard the cam. The ECM stores this value as a VVT
learning value. When the difference between the target valve timing and the actual valve timing is 5 degrees
or less, the ECM stores this in its memory.
If the learning value meets both of the following conditions (ºaº and ºbº), the ECM interprets this as a defect
in the VVT system and sets a DTC.
(a) The VVT learning value is less than 27CA or more than 49CA.
(b) The Above condition continues for more than 18 seconds.
MONITOR STRATEGY
Related DTCsP0016: Camshaft timing misalignment at Idling
Required sensors / components (Main)VVT actuator
Required sensors / components (Related)CMP and CKP sensors
Frequency of operationOnce per driving cycle
DurationWithin 60 sec.
MIL operation2 driving cycles
Sequence of operationNone
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
The monitor will run whenever this DTC is not presentSee page 05-16
Engine RPM550 to 1,400 rpm
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
Duration that either of the following conditions 1 or 2 is met18 sec. or more
1. VVT angle when camshaft is retarded maximumLess than 27CA
2. VVT angle when camshaft is retarded maximumMore than 49CA
0520A-16

05-70
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
260 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
WIRING DIAGRAM
Refer to DTCs P0335 and P0339 on page 05-166.
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
HINT:
Read freeze frame data using the hand-held tester or the OBD II scan tool. Freeze frame data records the
engine conditions when a malfunction is detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help deter-
mine if the vehicle was running or stopped, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air-fuel ratio was lean
or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
1 CHECK VALVE TIMING (See page 14-68)
(a) Check for loose or jumped tooth of timing chain.
OK: The matchmarks of the crankshaft pulley and camshaft pulley are alined.
NG ADJUST VALVE TIMING (See page 14-68)
OK
REPLACE ECM (See page 10-9)

A90346
Reference
A/F Sensor
Heater
Sensor
A1A+ HA1A
Duty
Control ECM
From
Battery
EFI NO. 1
Fuse
A1A-
MREL EFI Relay
+B
AF-
AF+ HT
EFI NO. 2
Fuse
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
05-71
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: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P0031 OXYGEN (A/F) SENSOR HEATER CONTROL
CIRCUIT LOW (BANK 1 SENSOR 1)
DTC P0032 OXYGEN SENSOR HEATER CONTROL
CIRCUIT HIGH (BANK 1 SENSOR 1)
HINT:
Although the title (DTC description) says ºoxygen sensorº, this DTC is related to the ºA/F sensorº.
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Refer to DTC P2195 on page 05-269.
HINT:
The ECM provides a pulse width modulated control circuit to adjust current through the heater. The A/F sen-
sor heater circuit uses a relay on the +B side of the circuit.
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0031Heater current of 0.8 A or less when heater operates
(1 trip detection logic)

Open in heater circuit of A/F sensor

A/F sensor heater

EFI relay

ECM
P0032Heater current exceeds 10 A when heater operates
(1 trip detection logic)

Short in heater circuit of A/F sensor

A/F sensor heater

EFI relay

ECM
HINT:
Sensor 1 is the sensor closest to the engine assembly.
05ET1-06

05-72
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
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: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The ECM uses A/F sensor information to keep the air/fuel ratio close to the stoichiometric ratio. This maxi-
mizes the catalytic converter's ability to purify exhaust gas. The sensor detects oxygen levels in the exhaust
gas and sends this signal to the ECM.
The inner surface of the sensor element is exposed to outside air. The outer surface of the sensor element
is exposed to exhaust gas. The sensor element is made of platinum coated zirconia and includes an inte-
grated heating element. The zirconia element generates small voltage when there is a large difference in
the oxygen concentrations of the exhaust and the outside air. The platinum coating amplifies the voltage
generation. When heated, the sensor becomes very efficient. If the temperature of the exhaust is low, the
sensor will not generate useful voltage signals without supplemental heating. The ECM regulates the sup-
plemental heating using a duty-cycle approach to regulate the average current in the heater element. If the
heater current is out of the normal range, the sensor's output signals will be inaccurate and the ECM cannot
regulate the A/F ratio properly.
When the heater current is out of the normal operating range, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction and
sets a DTC.
MONITOR STRATEGY
Related DTCsP0031: A/F sensor heater range check (Low current)
P0032: A/F sensor heater range check (High current)
Required sensors / components (Main)A/F sensor heater
Required sensors / components (Related)-
Frequency of operationContinuous
Duration10 sec.
MIL operationImmediate
Sequence of operationNone
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
All:
The monitor will run whenever these DTCs are not presentSee page 05-16
P0031:
Battery voltageLess than 10.5 V
A/F sensor heater duty ratio50 % or more
Time after engine start10 sec. or more
P0032:
Time after engine start10 sec. or more
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
P0031:
A/F sensor heater currentLess than 0.8 A
P0032:
A/F sensor heater currentMore than 10 A
COMPONENT OPERATING RANGE
A/F sensor heater current1.8 to 3.4 A at 20°C (68°F)