radio AUDI A5 COUPE 2014 Owner's Manual

102 Audi side assist
-Improper reliance on the side assist sys­
tem can cause collisions and serious
personal injury:
- Never rely only on side assist when
changing lanes.
- Always check rear view mirrors to make
sure that it is safe to change lanes.
- Side assist cannot detect all vehicles un­
der all conditions- danger of accident!
- Please note that side assist indicates
there are approaching vehicles, or
vehicles in your blind spot, only after
your vehicle has reached a driving speed
of at least 19 mph (30 km/h).
- In certain situations, the system may not
function or its function may be limited.
For example:
- if vehicles are approaching or being left
behind very quickly . The display may
not turn on in time.
- in poor weather conditions such as
heavy rain, snow or heavy mist .
- on very wide lanes, in tight curves or if
there is a rise in the road surface.
Vehicles in the adjacent lane may not
be detected because they are outside
of the sensor range.
(D Note
The sensors can be displaced by impacts or
damage to the bumper, wheel housing and
underbody. This can affect the system.
Have your authorized Audi dealer or au­
thorized Audi Service Facility check their
function.
@ Tips
- If the window glass in the driver's door
or front passenger's door has been tint­
ed, the display in the exterior mirror may
be misinterpreted.
- For Declaration of Compliance to United
States FCC and Industry Canada regula­
tions¢
page 267.
Activating and deactivating
A pp lies to vehic les : wi th Audi s ide ass ist
Fig. 105 D river's door: Side ass ist butto n
.. Press the button c> A in General informa­
tion on page 101
to switch the system on/
off. The LED in the button turns on when
side assist is switched on .
Adjusting the display brightness
Applies to vehicles: wit h Audi side ass ist
The signal brightness con be set in the radio
or MM!*.
.. Select: I CAR I function button > Audi side as­
sist.
.. Select: !CARI function button> Car systems*
control button > Driver assist> Audi side
assist .
The display brightness adjusts automatically
to the brightness of the surroundings, both in
the information and in the warning stage . In
very dark or very bright surroundings, the dis­ play is already set to the minimum or maxi­
mum level by the automatic adjustment. In
such cases, you may notice no change when
adjusting the brightness, or the change may
only be noticeable once the surroundings
change.
Adjust the brightness to a level where the dis­
play in the information stage will not disrupt
your view forward. If you change the bright­
ness, the display in the exterior mirror will
briefly show the brightness level in the infor­
mation stage. The brightness of the warning
stage is linked to the brightness in the infor ­
mation stage and is adjusted along with the
information stage adjustment.

108 Park assist
Approaching another obstacle will result in
the distance warning sounding at the normal
volume again.
Malfunctions in the system
If a warning tone is audible for about five sec­
onds when you turn on the ignition, there is a
malfunction in the system. Have the problem
corrected by your authorized Audi dealer.
Keep the sensors in the rear bumper clean and
free from ice so that the acoustic park assist
system can function properly.
A WARNING
-Sensors have dead spaces in which ob­
jects cannot be detected. Be especially
alert for small children and animals,
since they are not always detected by the sensors.
- The acoustic parking system is not a sub­
stitute for the driver's own caution and alertness . Ultimate responsibility always
remains with the driver during parking
and similar maneuvers. Always watch
where you are driving.
- You should always adjust the volume and
frequency of the warning tones so that
you can easily hear the acoustic distance
warning even if the radio is playing, the
air-conditioner blower is on High or there is a high level of outside noise.
- Check the settings whenever anyone
else has driven the vehicle before you .
{[) Note
-Remember that low obstacles for which
-
a warning has already been issued may
"dive" below the system's sensing zone if
the vehicle is being backed up closer . In
this case, the warning sound shutting off
does
not indicate that you have cleared
the obstacle. Instead, impact is immi­
nent.
- Objects such as trailer hitches, chains,
narrow posts or fences covered by a thin
layer of paint may not always be detect- ed by the system. They can still damage
your vehicle without warning.
(D Tips
Keep the sensors in the rear bumper clean
and free of snow and ice so that the acous­
tic parking assist system can function properly.
Adjusting the warning tones
Applies to vehicles: wit h parking syste m (rear)
The warning tones con be adjusted in the
MMI*.
.. Select: I CAR I function button > Parking sys­
tem .
Or
.. Select:
!CAR I function button > Car systems*
control button > Driver assist > Parking aid.
- Rear volume -
rear sensor volume
-Rear frequency -rear sensor frequency
-Music volume while parking -when the
parking system is switched on, the volume
of the active audio source is lowered.
The newly adjusted value is briefly heard from
the signal generator. The settings are auto­
matically stored and assigned to the master
key with remote control.

the blue area should be o n the curb. The en ­
tire b lue area must fit into the parking spot.
~ While the vehicle is stationary, t urn the
steering wheel to the right as far as it will go.
~ Back into the park ing spot . Stop the vehicle
as soon a s the blue curve touches the curb
¢ fig . 115.
~ While the vehicle is stationary, tu rn the
steering wheel to the left as far as it w ill go.
~ Continue to back up into the park ing spot
until the vehicle is parked paralle l to the
curb .@ marks the rear bumper . You should
stop dr iving in reverse as soon as and no lat­
er than when the red orientation line@
abuts an object¢,& ! Keep an eye on the
front of your vehicle wh ile doing this ¢(D .
Par kin g ne xt to obst acles
When there is an obstacle (such as a wall)
next to the parking spot, choose a spot with
more space on the sides. Position the long
side of the blue area so that there i s sufficien t
space from the curb . The area must not be on
the curb . You w ill also need to start turning
the steeri ng whee l much ear lie r. T he re should
be a suffic ien t amo unt of space between the
curb and the b lue curve, and the blue c urve
¢
fig . 115 mus t not touch the curb .
&_ WARNING
-The rear view came ra does not show the
entire area behind the vehicle
¢ page 109, fig. 110. Watch out espe­
c ially for small children and an imals. The
rear view camera cannot a lways detect
them, posing risk of an accident!
- Please note that objects not touch ing the
ground can appear to be further away
than they really are (for example, the bumper of a pa rked vehicle, a t railer
hi tc h, or the rear of a tru ck) . In this case,
yo u should not use the help lines to he lp
with park ing, which poses danger of an
accident!
P ark a ssis t 113
@ Note
In the MMI display, the direction of travel
of the vehicle rear is represented depend­
i ng on the steering wheel angle . The vehi­
cle front swings out more than the vehicle
rear. Maintain p lenty of d istance from an
obstacle so that your outs ide mirror or a
corner of you r vehicle does not coll ide with
any obstacles - dange r of accident!
(D Tips
The left o r right orie ntation lines and su r­
faces will be displayed, depending on the
turn s ignal being used .
Adjusting the display and warning tones
Applies to vehicles: with parking system (rear, with rear
view camera)
The display and warning tones are adjus ted in
the radio or MM!*.
~ Select: !CAR ! function button > Par king sys­
tem .
Or
--~ Select: !C AR ! function but ton> Car systems *
contro l butto n > Driver ass ist > Parking aid .
Di splay
- Off -when the parking system is switched
off, only a udible s ignals a re g iv en .
- On -when the parking system is switched
on, the picture from the rear view camera is
disp layed.
Warning tones
- Rear volum e -
rear sensor vo lume
- Rear frequency -rear senso r frequency
- Music volume while parking -when the
park ing system is sw itched on, the volume
of t he active audio sour ce is lowered.
The newly adjusted value is briefly heard from
the sig nal generato r. Th e settings are auto­
matically stored and assigned to the remote
control key. ..,.

114 Park assist
_&. WARNING
-Always make sure that the volume and
frequency of the warning tones is adjust­
ed so that you can easily hear the acous­
tic distance signal even if the radio is
playing, the air-conditioner blower is on
High or there is a high level of outside
noise.
- Check the settings whenever someone
else has driven the vehicle before you.
@ Tips
-The warning tones can also be adjusted
directly from the rear view camera im­
age . Simply press the Settings* control
button.
- Changed settings are activated when
parking assist is switched on again.
Error messages
Applies to vehicles: wit h parking system (rear, wit h rear
v iew camera)
-
If a warning tone is audible for about five sec­
onds when you turn on the ignition, there is a malfunction in the system. Have the problem
corrected by your authorized Audi dealer.
Keep the sensors in the rear bumper clean and
free from ice so that the acoustic park assist
system can function properly.

116 Homelink
• To open the garage door, press the p rogram­
med button . The LED @will light up or
flash.
• To close the garage door, pre ss the button
again.
@ Tips
To open the garage door, press the button, but do not press it for longer ten seconds
or the Homelink module will switch to
programming mode.
Programming the transmitter (version A)
Appl ies to vehicles: with Home link and MMI
Fig. 1 17 D ista nce between t he ra d iato r grille and t he
hand tran sm itter
You can p rogram the fixed code and ro lling
code systems using the descr ibed procedure.
Programming the button
• Turn the ign ition on .
• The re a re two ways to program the button :
P res s the but ton
¢ page 115, fig. 116 tha t
you wou ld like to p rogram. Use the instruc­
tions that appear in the MM I* to pe rform
the p rogramming. Or
• Se lect : ICAR ifunct ion button>
Car sy stems*
con trol but ton > Vehicle sett ing s> Garage
door opener
> Program garage door open·
er .
If this path is not ava ilable, program
Homelink as desc ribed in vers ion B
~ page 117.
• Se lect t he button t hat yo u wo uld like to p ro­
gram.
• Fo llow the ins tructions in the MMI* .
• If the garage door open ing must also be
synchronized w it h the Homel ink modu le, refer to the owner
's manua l for the garage
door opener .
Remote con tro l unit s fo r garage door ope ne rs
in Canada are se t to stop t ransmi tting radio
frequency signa ls afte r two seconds . This time
may not be sufficient for the Homelink sys ­
tem to learn the radio frequency signa l. Per­
form all other steps as described above.
Erasing /Clearing the programmed button
s etting s
• To erase all of the programmed buttons at
the same time, select : ICAR !function b utton
> Car Systems * control butto n > Vehicle set·
tings
> Garag e door opener > Clear pro·
gram setting s> Yes .
The prog rammed but­
tons can not be erased individua lly. Repro­
gram the buttons if ne cess ary.
• Reprogr am an individua l bu tton in the same
manner that you wou ld for the one-time
programming .
Displaying the version /status /country
code
• Sele ct: !CAR I function bu tton > Car sy stem s*
contro l but to n > Vehicle settings > Garage
door opener
> Version information .
(D Tips
- Programming throug h the MMI* is not
possible with all infotainment systems.
If this is the case , program Homelink as
descr ibed in version B
c:) page 117.
-The required distance betwee n the hand
transm itter and the Homelink module in
the radiator gr ille
¢ fig. 117 depends on
the system that you are prog ramming .
- Depending on the mode l of the garage
door opener, you may need to release the
butto n on the remote and press it again
w hen programming. When program ·
m ing a new device, keep the butto n
presse d for at least 15 seconds before
t ry ing ag ain w ith the transmit ter in a dif­
fere nt posi tion. W atch o ut for the emer­
gency flasher during tha t time.

Programming the transmitter (version B)
Applies to vehicles: with Horne link
Fig. 118 D istance between t he rad ia to r gr ille a nd the
h and trans mitter
Programming: phase 1 on the control unit
1. Sw itch on the ig nit io n (do no t start the
engine ).
2. Press and hold bot h of the outer Home­
Link buttons
r=> page 115, fig. 116 until
the LED @ turns off completely (about
20
seconds). Th is procedure clears the stand­
ard codes that were set at the factory and
does
not need to be repeated agai n to
p rog ram the othe r buttons.
3 . Briefly press the Homelink button that
you would like to prog ram .
4 . Wai t unti l the LED @ beg ins to blink
q ui ckly . The Home Lin k modu le wi ll now
remai n in learning mode for
5 minutes .
5. Now stand in front of your vehicle with
the original hand transmitter for the ga­ rage door opener or for the device that
you would like to allocate to the Home­
Link button.
Programming: pha se 2 on the radiator
grille
6 . Hold the orig inal hand t ransmitter some­
what towa rds the center o f you r vehicle 's
radiato r gr ille
r=> fig . 118 .
7. Now activate (p ress) t he hand transmit ­
ter.
8 . Pay a ttention to the t urn sign als for yo ur
vehicle when activating the ha nd trans­
mitter . If t he emergency flashers b link
three times, the programming was suc­
cessful. If the emergency flasher only bli nks one t ime, the 5 minute t ime limit
Homelink 11 7
for the adaptat ion has expired or the pro ­
gram ming was unsuccessful. Repeat the
programming from step 3 on the controls
o r se lect another distance from the radia­
tor grille.
9. If the garage door or other devices sti ll
fail to be activated w it h the Homelin k
control buttons after p rogramming is
comple ted, it is possib le tha t these sys­
tems might be w ork ing wi th a roll ing co de
ins tead of the normal fixed co de.
A Roll­
ing code programming must be per ­
formed
r=> page 118 .
Program the rema ining tw o butt ons accor ding
to the instructions mentioned above . Beg in
similar ly w ith the 3rd step if the program ­
m ing connection was successful for t he fi rst
button .
Remote con trol units fo r garage door opene rs
in Canada are set to stop tra nsmitting radio
frequency signa ls after two seconds . This t ime
may not be suffic ient for the Homelink sys ­
tem to learn the radio frequency signa l. Per­
form all other steps as described above.
Erasing the buttons
.,. Switch on the ignition (do not sta rt the en ­
gi ne).
.,. Press and hold both o f the outer buttons un ­
til the LED@ turns off completely (abo ut
20 seconds) to e rase a ll of the buttons si­
m ultaneously .
.,. Programmed b uttons ca nnot be erased ind i­
vidua lly. Reprogram the butto ns if necessa­
ry .
Reprogramming the buttons
.,. Switch o n the ignition (do not start t he en­
gine) .
.,. To reprogram an individua l bu tto n, press
and hold the button unt il the LED @ starts
t o f lash quickly (a fter ab out ten seconds) .
Release t he bu tton imme dia tely. The Home­
L ink module will now remai n in learning
mo de for 5 min utes.
.,. Continue with step 5.

-Never attach any objects such as cu­
pholders or telephone mountings to the
surfaces covering the airbag units.
- For cleaning the horn pad or instrument
panel, use only a soft, dry cloth or one
moistened with plain water. Solvents or
cleaners could damage the airbag cover
or change the stiffness or strength of the
material so that the airbag cannot de­
ploy and protect properly.
- Never repair, adjust, or change any parts
of the airbag system.
-All work on the steering wheel, instru­
ment panel, front seats or electrical sys­
tem (including the installation of audio
equipment, cellular telephones and CB
radios, etc.) must be performed by a
qualified technician who has the training
and special equipment necessary.
- For any work on the airbag system, we
strongly recommend that you see your
authorized Audi dealer or qualified work­
shop.
- Never modify the front bumper or parts
of the vehicle body.
- Always make sure that the side airbag
can inflate without interference:
- Never install seat covers or replace­
ment upholstery over the front seat­ backs that have not been specifically
approved by Audi.
- Never use additional seat cushions that
cover the areas where the side airbags
inflate.
- Damage to the original seat covers or
to the seam in the area of the side air­
bag module must always be repaired
immediately by an authorized Audi
dealer.
- The airbag system can be activated only
once. After an airbag has inflated, it must be replaced by an authorized Audi
dealer or qualified technician who has
the technical information, training and
special equipment necessary.
- The airbag system can be deployed only
once. After an airbag has been deployed,
it must be replaced with new replace-
Airbag system 151
ment parts designed and approved espe­
cially for your Audi model version. Re­ placement of complete airbag systems
or airbag components must be per­
formed by qualified workshops only. Make sure that any airbag service action
is entered in your Audi Warranty
& Main­
tenance booklet under
AIRBAG REPLACE­
MENT RECORD.
- In accidents when an airbag is deployed,
the vehicle battery separates the alterna­
tor and the starter from the vehicle elec­
trical system for safety reasons with a pyrotechnic circuit interrupter.
- Work on the pyrotechnic circuit inter­
rupter must only be performed by a
qualified dealer -risk of an accident!
- If the vehicle or the circuit interrupter
is scrapped, all applicable safety pre­
cautions must be followed.
@ For the sake of the environment
Undeployed airbag modules and preten­
sioners might be classified as Perchlorate
Material -special handling may apply, see
www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/per-
ch lorate. When the vehicle or parts of the
restraint system including airbag modules
safety belts with pretensioners are scrap­
ped , all applicable laws and regulations
must be observed. Your authorized Audi
dealer is familiar with these requirements
and we recommend that you have your
dealer perform this service for you.
Other things that can affect Advanced
Airbag performance
Changing the vehicle's suspension system can
change the way that the Advanced Airbag Sys­
tem performs in a crash. For example, using
tire-rim combinations not approved by Audi, lowering the vehicle, changing the stiffness of
the suspension, including the springs, suspen­
sion struts, shock absorbers etc. can change
the forces that are measured by the airbag
sensors and sent to the electronic control
unit. Some suspension changes can, for
•
•

to prevent excessive discha rge of the battery
and thus maintain starting capability .
Dynam ic energy man agement
W hile the vehicle is being driven , dynamic en ­
e rgy management distributes the energy gen­
erated according to the needs of the individu­
a l components . It regu lates consumption, so
that more electrical energy is not being used
than is being generated and ensures an opti­ mal state of charge for the battery.
(D Tips
- But even energy management cannot
negate the limits of physics. Consider
that the power and life of a battery are
limited.
- If starting ab ility is threatened, the indi­
cator light (•) appears
¢ page 17.
What you should know
The highest priority is given to maintaining
starting capabili ty.
The battery is severely taxed in short-distance
driving, in city traffic and d uring the co ld time
of year. Abundant electrical energy is re­
qu ired, but only a little is generated. It is also
cr itical if the engine is not run ning and electri­
cal components are turned on . In th is in­
stance energy is being consumed but none is
be ing generated.
It is in precisely these situations that you w ill
notice energy management actively regulat ­
i ng the distribution of energy.
Vehicle stands for an extended period
If you do not drive your vehicle over a period
of several days or weeks, electrical compo­
nents are gradually cut back o r switched off .
This reduces energy consumption and main­
tains starting capab ility over a longer per iod .
Some of the conven ience fun ctions may not
ope rate, such as the in ter ior lig hts o r th e
power seat adj ustment. The conven ience
functions will be available again when you
switch on the ignitio n and start the engine .
Intellig ent technolog y 187
With the eng ine turned off
If you listen to the radio, for examp le, w ith
the engine turned off or use other MMI func ­
tions, the battery is being discharged .
If starting capab il ity is jeopardized d ue to en­
ergy consump tion, the following warning ap­
pears in the MM I display:
Pl ea se start the en gin e s oon or the sy ste m
will be turn ed off .
The warning indicates that the system w ill be
turned off automatically after 3 minutes . If
you w ish to continue using the funct io ns, yo u
have to sta rt the eng ine .
With the engine running
Although electrical energy is generated when
the vehicle is being driven, the battery can be ­
come d ischa rged . This happe ns mostly when
li ttle energy is being gene rated and a g reat
deal consumed and t he battery's state of
charge is not opt imal.
To b ring the energy ba lance back into equili­
brium , consume rs which requ ire espec ially
la rge amounts of ene rgy are temporar ily cu t
ba ck or sw itched o ff. Hea ting systems in p ar­
ticu lar require a great deal of energy . If yo u
notice, for examp le, that the heated seats * or
the heated rear window are not heating, they
have been temporarily cut back or switched
off . These systems w ill be available again as
soon as the ene rgy balance has been restored .
You wi ll also notice that engine id le speed has
been increased slightly . T hi s is normal and not
a cause for concern. By increasing engine id le
speed the additional energy required is gene r­
ated and the battery is charged .
•
•

Checking the engine oil level
Fig . 162 MMI Disp lay: Oil l eve l ind icator
Re ad oil le vel
.,. Park your vehicle so that it is horizonta lly
level.
.,. Shut the engine off when it is at operating
temperature .
.,. Switch only the ignition back on .
.,. Wait approx . two minutes .
.,. Select: Function button
ICARI > Oil l evel. Or
.,. Se lect: Funct ion button
ICARI > C ar sys-
tem s*
cont rol button > S ervicing & ch e ck s >
Oil level.
.,. Read the oil leve l in the MMI* Display
¢
fig . 162 . Add engine oi l if the bar o f the
oi l level ind icator is near "min"
c::> page 211
Depending on the way the veh icle is driven
and the operating conditions, oil consumption
can be up to a 1/2 quart per 600 miles (0 .5
li­
ter per 1,000 km) . Consumption may be high­
er within the first 3,000 m iles (S,000 km).
@ Tips
The oil level indicator in the MMI* Disp lay
is only an information display.
If the oi l
level is too low, a min imum oil warning ap­
pears in the instrument cluster. Add oil
c::> page 211 . If the hood has been opened,
the current oil level is shown in the instru­
ment cluster the next time the ign ition is
sw itched on.
Checkin g and fillin g 211
~ Adding engine oil
Fig. 163 Eng in e compart men t: Cove r on the oil filler
n eck
.,. Before yo u check anything in the engine
compa rtment,
alwa ys rea d and h eed all
WARNING S ¢.&. in Working in the engine
compartment on page 206 .
.,. Shut the engine off.
.,. Unscrew the cap~ to the engine oi l filling
hole
r:!> fig. 163, r:!>page 208, fig. 161 .
.,. Carefully top off with 0.5 quarts (0.5 liters)
of the appropriate oil¢
page 208.
"' Check the oil level again after two minutes
r:!> page 211, Checking the engine oil level .
"'Top off the o il aga in, if necessary .
"' Screw the cap back on the filling hole .
_&. WARNING
- While topping off, the oil must not come
in contact with hot e ngine parts -fir e
hazard!
- The oil filler cap must be properly se­
cured to prevent oil from being sprayed
on the hot engine and exhaust system
when the engine is runn ing -fire hazard!
- If your skin has come in contact with the
engine o il, you must subsequently
cleanse it thoroughly.
(D Note
- Check the oil level using the radio or
M MI*. If the message
Plea se redu ce oil
le vel
appears, contact yo ur authorized
Audi dealer or qua lified workshop to
have excess oil extracted if necessary .
-Audi does not recommend the u se of o il
additiv es. They m ay damage the engine .,.

-Never mount used tires on yo ur vehicle if
yo u are not sure of their "previous histo­
ry." Old used tires may have been dam­
aged even though the damage cannot be
seen that can lead to sudden tire failure
and loss of vehicle control.
- If you notice unusual vibration or if the
vehicle pulls to one side when d riving, al­
ways stop as soon as it is safe to do so
and check the wheels and tires for dam­
age .
(D Note
-Please note that summer and winter
tires are designed for the cond itions that
are typ ic al in those seasons. Aud i recom­
mends using w inter t ires du ring the win-
Glossary of tire and loading terminology
Accessory weight
means the comb ined weight (in excess of
those standard items which may be replaced)
of automatic tra nsmission, power steering,
power brakes, power windows, power seats,
radio, and heater, to the extent that these
items are availab le as factory-installed equip­
ment (whether installed or not) .
Aspect ratio
means the ratio of the height to the width of
the tire in percent . Numbers of 55 or lower in­
d icate a low sidewall for improved steering re­
sponse and better overall handling on dry
pavement .
Bead
means the pa rt of the ti re that is made of
steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords
and that is shaped to fit the rim.
Bead s eparation
means a b reakdown of the bond between
components in the bead.
Cord
means the strands forming the plies in the
tire.
Tire s an d wheel s 223
ter months . Low temperatu res signifi­
cantly decrease the elastic ity of summer
t ires, which affects traction and braking
ability. If summer tires are used in very
co ld temperatures, cracks can form on
the tread bars, res ulting in permanent
ti re damage that can cause loud drivi ng
noise and unbalanced tires. Aud i is not
responsib le for this type of damage.
- Burn ished, polished or chromed rims
must not be used in winter weather. Th e
surfa ce of the rims does not have suffi­
c ien t cor rosion pro te cti on for this and
c o ul d be pe rmanen tly damaged by road
salt or similar substances. This damage
is not covered by warranty.
Cold tir e inflation pressure
me ans the t ire press ure re commended by the
vehicle manufacturer fo r a tire o f a des igna ted
size that has not bee n driven for more than a
couple of miles (k ilomete rs) at low speeds in
the three hour pe riod before the tire p ress ure
is measured or adjusted.
Curb weight
means the weight o f a motor vehicle with
standard equipment including the maximum
capacity of fuel, o il, and coolant, air cond i­
tion ing and additional weight of optiona l
equipment.
E xtra load tire
means a tire design to operate at higher loads
and at higher inflation pressures than the cor­
responding standard tire. Extra load tires may
be identified as "XL", "xl", "EXTRA LOAD", or
"RF" on the sidewall.
Gross Axle Weight Rating ("GAWR")
means the load-carrying capacity of a single
axle system, measured at the tire-ground in-
ter~ces .
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