wheel AUDI ALLROAD 2000 Service Manual

VE
HICL E OPER ATION------------------------
Functioning of Anti-Lock Brake
System (ABS)
The ABS contributes effectively to vehicle
control since it prevents the wheels from
locking when the brakes are applied. This
means that the vehicle remains steerable
and is less likely to skid.
Nota
Yo u don't have to "pump" the brake.
Just hold the brake pedal down.
However, do not expect that the ABS short­
ens braking distance under all circum­
stances. When driving on gravel or on newly
fallen snow on top of icy surfaces, braking
distance may be even longer , therefore, un­
der these circumstances, it is especially im­
portant that you drive slowly and with great
care.
202 How the
ABS system works
An automatic check is made when a speed
of about 4 mph (6 km/h) is reached.
When this happens a pumping noise can be
heard.
If an individual wheel begins to rotate too
slowly in relation to vehicle speed and tends
to lock, the ABS automatically reduces
brake pressure to prevent that wheel from
locking.
This automatic adjustment process
will cause a slight vibration of the
brake pedal and soma noises to alert
you that vehicle speed must be
adapted to existing road and traffic
conditions. Enhanced
ABS function {Offroad­
Mode)
To improve braking on loose terrain (for ex­
ample: gravel, scree, mud, slush, snow),
turn off the ESP (see page 205), which will
switch the ABS to a special mode designed
for off-road requirements.
In this mode, the ABS control system is
changed to allow a "wedge" of loose rock
or soil to form in the front of the wheels.
This improves braking performance.
The ESP indicator light in the instrument
cluster will come on when you have
switched to this special ABS mode (see
page 124).
This special ABS mode will remain active up
to about 40 mph (60 km/h). ABS operation
is not affected at speeds over 40 mph
(60 km/h).
To turn his special ABS mode off, press the
ESP button (To activate ESP, see page 152).
The ABS off-road mode will also be deacti­
vated when vou turn off the engine.

VE
HICL E OPERA TION-----------------------
'4 WARN ING continued
• Before descending a steep
grade, reduce speed and shift
transmission into a lower gear or
lower driving position. Do not ride
the brakes or hold the pedal down
too long or too often. This could
cause the brakes to get hot and di­
minish braking efficiency.
• If you damage the front spoiler,
or if you install a different spoiler,
be sure the air flow to the front
brakes is not obstructed. Other­
wise the brake system could over­
heat reducing the effective ness of
the entire brake system.
• Failure of one brake circuit will
impair the braking capability re­
sulting in an increased stopping
distance.
Avoid driving the vehicle and have
it towed to the nearest Audi Dealer
or qualified workshop.
204 Electronic differential lock
(EDL)
The EDL operates in conjunction with the
ABS. The EDL acts automatically, i.e. with­
out the driver's intervention.
With the aid of the ABS sensors, this sy­
stem monitors the speed of the driven
wheels up to about 50 mph, 80 km/h .
Within the speed range at which this sy­
stem operates, if the wheels spin (e.g. on
slippery surfaces) they are braked in a con­
trolled manner , and more of the engine's
power is directed to whiche ver wheels
achieve greater traction.
Please note:
• When driving off, always be sure to keep
road conditions in mind as you accelerate.
If a drive wheel spins because it's on a slip­
perier surface, gradually increase the pres­
sure on the accelerator pedal until the car
starts to move. •
When accelerating on slippery surfaces,
such as on ice or snow, always be careful
when depressing the accelerator pedal.
Even with the EDL working, the drive
wheels can spin and reduce your ability to
control your car.
• To prevent the disc brake of the braked
wheel from overheating, if subjected to ex­
cessive loads the EDL cuts out temporarily.
The vehicle remains operational and be­
haves in the same way as a vehicle without
EDL
If a fault occurs in the ABS the EDL is also
not functioning. This is ind icated by the ABS
warning light-see page 125.
ftl WARNING
The increased safety afforded by
EDL does not mean that you can
take safety risks. Always adapt
your driving style to the road con­
ditions and traffic situation.

Electronic
Stability Program (ESP)
The Electronic Stability Program helps to
control the vehicle in critical maneuvers like
curves.
When the vehicle starts up and accelerates,
the wheels are prevented from spinning by
adjusting the engine power to conform to all
road conditions. This improves vehicle sta­
bil ity.
The system operates across the entire
speed range in combination with the ABS
syst em. If the Anti-Lock Brake System
(ABS) malfunctions, the ESP will also shut
down.
When you turn on the engine, the ESP will
automatically be activated and will perform
a self-test. The
system can be activated or deactivated
by press ing the button.
The warning light comes on when the sys­
tem is switch ed off. See page 124.
If you deactivate the ESP, a special ABS
mode designed mainly for all-road condi­
tions will be activated - see page 202.
It may be advantageous to turn off the sys­
tem in certain special cases when wheel
slippage is desired such as:
- when driving on difficult terrain VE
HICL E OPER ATION
- when driving in deep snow or on a loose
surface
- when trying to "rock" out the vehicle
when it has become stuck.
After this, you should switch the system
back on.
The ABS and EDS are still functioning even
if the ESP is switched off.
205

VEHICLE
OPER ATION----------------------
Operation
The Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) and the
Electronic Differential Lock (EDU are inte­
grat _ed in the Electronic Stability Progr am. In
a _ddrtron to the data provided by these func­
tions, the ESP control unit requires addition­
al measurement data provided by hig h-per­
forman ?e sensors. The rotat ional speed of
the veh1cle about its vertical axis, vehicle lat­
eral acceleration, brake pressure and the
steering angle are measured.
The direction in which the driverwishes to
travel is determined with the aid of the
stee �ing angle and the vehicle speed and is
contmually compared with the actual be­
havior of the vehicle.
If the data do not match - for example when
a vehrcle is beginning to spin out of control
- the ESP applies the brakes to the appropri­
ate wheels for the given situation and, if
necessar y, changes the vehicle traction
forces so as to reduce the slipping of individ­
ual wheels (ASR anti-slip regulation).
206 The
vehicle is then stabilized by the forces
a ?tin � on the wheel during braking. If the ve­
hicle IS overstee ring (rear tends to skid out
of the turn), the brakes are mainly applied on
the wheel that is on the outside ofthe curve.
In the case of a vehicle that is und ersteering
(tendency to slide out of the curve). the
brakes are applied at the rear wheel that is
on the inside of the curve. An audible signal
�rll accompany the brake application func­
tion.
All �SP senso rs a�e monitored continuously
wh1le the vehicle IS being driven. However,
when the vehicle is driven at low speed on
ex tremely rugged terrain, it is not always
possrble to monrtor the ESP sensors contin­
uously. Thus, in rare and exceptional cases
the ESP itself can deactivate (ESP and ABS
ind icator lights will be lit continuously).
In this case. the ride level adjustment sys­
tem lowers the vehicle to the normal level
If this happens, you may need to select th�
ride level again (see page 153).
Operation of the ESP and ABS is restored
whenever you restart the engine. m
WAR NING
! he Electronic Stability Program
•• nevertheless subject to the laws
of physics. It is particularly impor­
tant to pay attention to this fact on
wet and slippery roads.
It is therefore important that you
always adapt your driving to the
condition of the road and traffic
conditions. Do not allow the in­
creased safety provided by the
Electro nic Stability Program sys­
tem to lull you into accepting addi­
tional safety risks.

Driving
with your quattro ®
The All Wheel Drive system has no operat­
ing controls that require attention.
The engine power is distributed automati­
cally to all four wheels for optimum effi­
ciency in all situations and road conditions.
The All Wheel Drive concept is perfectly
matched to the engine power of your
Audi all road. This combination gives the ve­
hicle excep tional handling and performance
capabilities, both on normal roads and in ex­
treme conditions of ice and snow.
However, it is vital to observe the following
safety notes:
�W ARNIN G
Always adjust your driving to road
and traffic conditions. Do not let
the extra safety afforded by All
Wheel Drive tempt you into taking
extra risks.
Although the All Wheel Drive is
very effective, always remember
that braking capacity is limited by
tire traction. You should therefore
not drive at excessive speeds on
icy or slippery road surfaces. ftl
WARNING continued
On wet road surfaces, be careful
not to drive too fast because the
front wheels could begin to slide
on top of the water (hydroplaning).
If this should occur, you will have
no warning from a sudden in­
crease in engine speed as with a
front-wheel drive vehicle. Always
drive at speeds which are suitable
to the road conditions.
Replacing wheels I tires
All four wheels must always have the same
rol ling radius. Different tires on the front and
rear wheels may impair vehicle control and
will damage the All Wheel Drive because of
the constantly different wheel speeds. The
proper function of the system is not af­
fected by unevenly worn tires.
For more information, see page 255. VEH
ICLE OPER ATION
Using winter tires
When driving in the winter, your vehicle
with All Wheel Drive has an advantage,
even with regular tires.
You should promptly install wheels
equipped with winter or all-season tires to
better handling and braking characteristics.
See also "Winter tires", page 260.
207

-----------------------VEHICL E OPER ATION
Tr ailer towing tips
Yo ur vehicle handles differently when tow­
ing a trailer because of the additional weight
and weight distribution. Safety, perfor­
mance and economy will greatly depend on
how carefully you load your trailer and oper­
ate your rig.
Before you actually tow your trailer, practice
turning, stopping and backing up in an area
away from traffic until you learn the feel of
your vehicle and trailer unit.
Backing up is difficult and requir es practice.
Steering while backing up is generally oppo­
site of that when backing your vehicle with­
out a trailer.
Maintain a greater distance between your
vehicle and the one in front of you. You will
need more room to stop.
To compensate for the trailer, you will need
a larger than normal turning radius. When
passing, remember that you cannot
accelerate as fast as you normally would be­
cause of the added load. Make sure you
have enough room to pass. After passing,
allow plenty of room for your trailer before
changing lanes again.
Avoid jerky starts, sharp turns or rapid lane
changes.
After parking, always block the wheels of
both vehicle and trailer. Do not park with a
trailer on a slope. If it cannot be avoided, do
so only after doing the following:
• Apply foot brake.
• Have someone place chocks under both
vehicle and trailer wheels.
• With chocks in place, slowly release
brakes until wheel blocks absorb the load.
• Turn wheels to curb.
o Apply parking brake.
• Place automatic transmission in "P". If
you move the selector lever of the auto­
matic transmission to "P" before applying
the parking brake and before blocking the
wheels, you may require more force later to
move the lever out of the "P" position.
When restarting after parking on a slope, re­
verse the procedure:
• Start the engine.
• Shift transmission into gear.
o Release the parking brake and slowly
move away from the wheel blocks.
• Stop and have someone retrieve the
wheel blocks.
Notes
• Do not tow a trailer during the
break-in period of your vehicle.
• If you tow a trailer, your Audi may require
more frequent maintenance due to the ex­
tra load -see also page 228.
211

VEHICLE CA
RE---------------------------------------------------
Cleaning and protec tion
Any automobile is subjected to abuse from
indus trial fumes, corrosive road salt, aban­
doned lollipops, muddy dog feet, etc. A well
cared- for Audi can look like new many years
after purchase. Regular and correct care will
contribute to maintaining the beauty and
value of your Audi.
Furthermore. good care may be a
condition for upholding a warranty
claim should corrosion damage or
paint defects occur.
Yo ur Audi Dealer has a variety of vehicle­
care products and can advise you which
ones to use for cleaning the exterior and in­
terior of your vehicle.
Whether you use products recommended
by Audi or other commercially available
cleaning agents, please make very sure you
apply them correctly.
212
r.Gb Select only environmentally � friendly cleaning products. Any
remaining cleaning products do not
belong in the household waste.
�W ARNING
• Cleaning agents may be poison­
ous. Keep them out of the reach of
children.
• Observe all caution labels.
• Always read directions on the
cont ainer before using any prod­
uct. Follow these directions care­
fully.
• Most chemical cleaners are con­
centrates which require dilution.
• Only use spot removing fluids in
well ventilated areas.
• Do not use gasoline. kerosene.
Diesel fuel. nail polish remover or
other volatile fluids. They may be
toxic, flammable or hazardous in
other ways. Care
of exterior
Important Never use polishes or hard waxes on
matte- painted parts or plastic parts,
since this can permanently damage
the visual appearance of the sur­
faces of these parts.
In parti cular , make certain that the roof,
bumper, trim moldings, rocker panel mol­
ding and wheel house liners do not come
in contact with cleaners I polishes or hard
waxes.

Washing
The best protection against environmental
influences is frequent washing and waxing.
How often this is required depends on how
much the vehicle is used, where it is parked
(garage, in the open under trees, etc.), the
seasonal and weather conditions as well as
env ironmental influences. The longer bird
droppings, insects, tree resin, road and in­
dustrial grime, tar, soot, road salt and other
materials remain on the vehicle paint, the
more lasting their destructive effect will be.
High temperatures, as from strong sunlight,
intensify the corrosive effect.
Under certain circumstances, weekly
washing may be necessary. Under other
conditions. a monthly washing and waxing
may be adequate.
After the winter, the underside of the ve­
hicle should be thoroughly washed. Automatic
car wash
The vehicle paint is so durable that the ve­
hicle can normally be washed without prob­
lems in an automatic car wash. However,
the effect on the paint depends to a large
extent on the design of the facil ity, the filter­
ing of the wash water, the type of wash and
care material, etc. If the paint has a dull ap­
pearance after going through the car wash
or is scratched, bring this to the atte ntion of
the operator immediately. If necessary use
a different car wash.
Notes
• Before going through a car wash, be sure
to take the usual precautions such as clos­
ing the windows and sunroof*.
• You don't have to remove the factory­
installed radio antenna. However, if your ve­
hicle is equipped with the Navigation Sys­
tem*, then you must remove the antenna.
• If you have installed additional accesso­
ries on the vehicle -such as spoilers, roof
rack, etc. -it is best to ask the car wash op­
erator if these should be remov ed. VE
HICLE CARE
Washing the vehicle by hand
� In the intsi'Sst of the environ­
� msnt, the vehicle should only be
washed in special wash bays.
First soften the dirt with plenty of water and
rinse off as well as possible.
Then clean the vehicle with a soft sponge,
glove or brush starting on the roof and work­
ing down using only slight pressure. Special
car wash soap should only be used for very
persistent dirt.
Rinse the sponge or glove thoroughly and
oft en.
Clean wheels .and sill panels last, using a dif­
ferent sponge if pos sible.
After washing the vehicle, rinse thoroughly
with water and wipe it off.
213

VEHICL E CA
RE----------------------------------------------------
Notes
• Do not wash the vehicle in direct sun­
light.
• If the vehicle is rinsed with a hose, do not
direct the water into the lock cylinders -
otherwise they may freeze up in the winter.
�W ARNING
• Do not wash, wax or dry the ve­
hicle with the engine running.
• Do not clean the underside of
chassis, fenders, wheel covers,
etc. without protecting your
hands and arms. You may cut your­
self on sharp-edged metal parts.
• Moisture and ice on brakes may
affect braking efficiency. Test the
brakes carefully after each vehicle
wash.
214 Washing
your vehicle with a power
washer
If you use a power washer, please note the
following:
• Always follow the operating instructions
for the power washer -especially for pres­
sure and spraying distance.
• Make sure that the jet on the spray hose
produces a "fan shape" spray. Do not use
a jet which sprays the water out in a direct
stream or one that has a rota ting jet.
• Water temperature should not exceed
140 °F (60 °C).
�W ARNING
Never wash tires with a jet that
sprays the water out in a direct
stream. This could invisibly dam­
age and weaken the tires, even if
they are sprayed from a relatively
long distance for a vary short
amount of time. Damaged and
weakened tires can fail and cause
accidents and personal injury. Headli
ghts
Do not clean your headlights with a dry
towel or sponge. They must be cleaned
with a moistened towel.
Never use a sponge designed for removing
dried-on insects, a kitchen scrubber or any
other similar product since the lens surface
can be damaged by scrat ching and scour­
ing.
When using high-pressure washing equip­
ment or steam-cl eaning units, never spray
the vehicle with the nozzle close the vehicle
surface and never aim the spray at the same
point for a relatively long period of time.
Polishing Please refer to the imp ortant information on
page 212.
Polish your vehicle only if the paint has lost
its shine and the gloss cannot be brought
back with wax. If the polish used doesn't
contain preservative compounds, the paint
must be waxed afterwards.
Do not treat matte- pain�ed and plas­
tic parts with polish or wax.

VEHICL E
CA RE-------------------------
Weatherstrips
Keep silicone sprays off the wind­
shield to avoid wiper smear in rain.
To seal properly, weatherstrips around
hood, rear lid, doors, etc., must be pliable.
Spray with silicone or coat with talcum pow­
der or glycerine to reta in flexibility of the
rubber and to protect against freezing in the
w1nter.
Dull finishes and plastics
Plas .tic pa �s. such as light bulb lenses, dec­
orative stnpes, panels, bumpers, etc., will
come clean with regular washing. Should
additional cleaning or spot remova l be nec­
essar y, use a soft brush or cloth soaked with
a mild detergent solution. Then rinse thor­
oughly and imme diately with clear water.
Do not use anyth ing which could
mar the plastic or dull finished sur­
faces, such as wax, polish, abrasive
detergents or chemical cleaning sol­
vents.
216 Bright
metal trim
Bright or black anodized metal trim will
come clean with regular washing. Remove
spots or dirt from chrome and stainless
steel with a chrome cleaner. Apply a
chrome polish for continued luster and
protec tion.
Steel wheels
Always include the hub caps and wheel
rims when washing your vehicle to remove
road dirt, salt sprays and brake dust. If nec­
essary, use a commercial wheel cleaner to
remove accumulated brake dust. Paint
scratches should be touched up as soon as
possible to prevent corrosion.
Light alloy wheels
To preserve the decorative appearance of
the light alloy wheels, some special care is
necessary. In addition to road dirt and salt
sprays, brake dust is also corrosive. If left on
too long, brake dust can cause pitting. Wash
the wheels with a sponge or hose brush ev­
ery other week. Road salt
should be removed weekly with
an acid free cleaning solution. Every three
months (after regular cleaning) coat the
wheels with petroleum jelly or car wax. Rub
it in firmly with a soft cloth. Never use abra­
sive or metal polishing cleaning agents.
� WARNING
Moisture, ice, and road salt on
brakes may affect braking effi­
ciency. Test the brakes carefully
after each washing. Always heed
WA RNING on page 203.