light AUDI RS7 SPORTBACK 2014 Owners Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: AUDI, Model Year: 2014, Model line: RS7 SPORTBACK, Model: AUDI RS7 SPORTBACK 2014Pages: 292, PDF Size: 73.56 MB
Page 183 of 292

-Make sure that the PA SSENGER AIR BA G
OFF
light comes on and stays on all the
t ime whenever the ignition is switched
on.
- If the
PA SS ENGER AIR BAG OFF light
does not come on and stay on, immedi
ately install the rear -facing child safety
seat in a rear seating position and have
the a irbag system inspected by your Audi
dealer.
Activating the convertible locking retractor
Use the convertible locking retractor to se
cure a child restraint .
Always heed the child safety seat manufactur
e r's instructions when install ing a ch ild re
straint in you r vehicle. To activate the conver
tible locking retractor:
.,. Place the child rest raint on a seat, prefera
bly on the rear seat.
.,. Slow ly pull the be lt
a ll th e wa y out .
.,. Route it around or through the chi ld re
straint be lt path ¢.&_ .
.,. Push the child safety seat down with your
full weight to get the safety belt rea lly tight.
.,. Insert the belt tongue into the buckle for
that seating position .
.,. Gu ide the safety belt back into the retractor
until the belt lies flat and snug on the child
safety seat .
.,. You should hear a "clicking " noise as the
belt w inds bac k into the ine rtia reel. Test the
convertible locking retractor by pulling on
the belt . You should no longer be able to
pull the belt out of the retractor . The con
vertib le locking retractor is now activated.
.,. Make sure that the red re lease button is fac
ing away from the chi ld restraint so that it
can be unbuckled qu ickly .
.,. Pull on the belt to make sure the safety belt
is p roperly t ight and fastened so t hat the
seat cannot move fo rward or sideways mo re
than one inch (2.5 cm).
Child Sa fet y 181
A WARNING
Using the wrong child restraint or an im
properly installed chi ld restraint can cause
serious pe rsonal injury or death in a c rash .
- Always make sure that the safety belt re-
tractor is loc ked when insta lling a child
safety seat. An unlocked safety belt re
tracto r cannot hold the child safety seat
in place dur ing no rma l dr iving o r in a
crash.
- Always buckle the child sa fety seat firmly
in place even if a ch ild is not si tt ing in it.
A loose child safe ty seat can fly around
during a s udden stop or in a crash .
- Always ma ke sure the seat backrest to
which the child res traint is installed is in
an upright position and securely latched
into place and cannot fold forward. Oth
erwise, the seatback with the child safety
seat attached to it could fly forward in
the event of an accident o r other emer
gency situation.
- Always read and heed all WARNINGS
whenever us ing a child restrained in ave
hicle is being used ¢
page 168. Special
precautions apply when insta lling a child
safety seat on the front passenger seat
¢ page 144, Child restraints on the front
seat -some important things to know.
-
Deactivating the convertible locking
retractor
The conv ertibl e locking retractor for child r e
straints will be deactivated automatically when the belt is wound all the way back into
the retractor.
.,. Press the red b utton on the safety belt buck
le . Th e belt tong ue will pop out of t he b uck
le .
.,. Guide the s afety belt all the way back into
i t s s towed position .
A lways let the safety be lt retract completely
into its stowed position. The safety belt can
now be used as an ordinary safety belt w ith
out the convertible locking retractor fo r child
restraints.
•
•
Page 187 of 292

Tether anchors and tether straps
Fig. 178 Tether ancho rs: atta chment hook loc atio ns
behin d the rea r se a tb acks
The tethe r anchors for the rear seating posi
tions are located on the backside of the rear
seatbacks
q fig. 178.
A tether is a straight or V-sha ped strap that
attaches the top part of a child restraint to
specia l anchorage points in the veh icle.
The purpose of the tether is to reduce the for
ward movement of the ch ild restra int in a
crash, in o rder to he lp red uce the risk of head
i nj ury tha t could be ca used by striki ng the ve
hicle interior.
Forward facing child restraints manufactured
after September 1, 1999, a re required by U .S.
federal regulations to comply with new c hild
head movement performance requirements.
Thes e new performance requirements mak e a
tethe r necessary on most new chi ld safety
s eats.
A WARNING
Improper installation of child restraints
will increase the risk of injury and death in a crash .
- Always follow the instructions prov ided
by the manufacturer of the ch ild re
straint you intend to install in your Audi.
- Improper use of ch ild restra int anchors
(including tether anchors) ca n lead to i n
jury in a collision. The ancho rs are de
signed to wit hstand only those loads im
posed by correctly fitted ch ild restraints.
- Never mount two chi ld restraint systems
on one LA TCH lower ancho r po int . Child S
afety 185
- Never attach two child restraint systems
to one tether strap or tether ancho rage .
- Never attach a tether strap to a tie-down
hook in the luggage compartment.
- Never use child restraint tether a ncho
rages to secure safety belts or other
kinds o f occupant restraints.
- Never secure or attach any luggage or
other items to the LATCH lower ancho
rages or to the tether anchors .
- If you must insta ll a rearward fac ing
child safety seat on the front passenger
seat because of exceptional c ircumstan
ces and the
PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF
light does not come on and stay on, im
mediately insta ll the rea r-fac ing ch ild
safety seat i n a rea r seating position and
have the airbag system i nspected by your
Aud i dea ler.
Installing the upper tether strap on the
anchorage
F ig. 179 Tet her stra p: prop er r ou ting and moun ting
Installing the tether strap
.,. Release or deploy the tether strap o n the
child restraint according to the child re
s t raint manufa cture r's instructions.
... Guide the upper te ther s trap unde r or side
ways of the rear head restra int
Q fig . 179
(depending on the child restraint) .
... Attach the tether strap anchorage hook into
the tether anchorage.
.,. Pull on the te ther s trap hook so tha t the
spr ing catch of the hook engages .
.,. Tighten the tether strap firmly follow ing t he
child restraint manufacturer's instructions . .,.
Page 188 of 292

186 Child Saf ety
Re le asin g th e tethe r str ap
.. Loosen the tension following the child re
stra int manufacturer's instructions .
.. Depress the spring catch on the hook and re
lease it from the anchorage .
([) Note
If you leave the child restraint with the
tether strap firmly insta lled for several
days, this cou ld leave a mark on the up
holstery on the seat cushion and backrest
in the area where the tether strap was in
stalled . The upholstery wou ld a lso be per
manently stretched around the tethe r
strap. Th is applies especially to leather
seats.
Using tether straps on rearward-facing
child restraints
Currently, few rear-facing child restraint sys
tems come with a tether. P lease read and
heed the child restraint system manufactur
er's instructions carefully to determine how to
properly install the tether.
A WARNING
-
A child in a rearward-facing child safety
seat insta lled on the front passenger seat
w ill be seriously injured and can be k illed if
the fron t airbag inflates -even with an Ad
vanced Airbag System.
- T he inflating a irbag wi ll hit the child
sa fety seat or infant carrier with g reat
force and w ill smash the ch ild safety seat
and child against the backrest, center
armrest, or door.
- If you must install a rearward facing
child safety seat on the front passenger
seat because of exceptional circ umstan
ces and the
PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF
light does not come on and stay on, im
med iately install the rear-facing child
safety seat in a rear seating posit ion and
have t he a irbag system inspected by you r
Audi dealer.
Additional Information
Sources of information about child
restraints and their use
T he re a re a number o f sources of add itiona l
information about child rest raint selection, in
sta llation and use:
N HT SA advises that the best ch ild safety seat
is the one that fits your chi ld and fits in you r
vehicle, and that yo u will use correct ly and
consistently .
T ry before yo u buy!
U.S Nationa l Highw ay Traffic Safet y Admin
i s tration
T el.: 1-888-3 27-4236 (TIY: 1-800-424-91S3)
www.nhtsa.gov
National SAFE KIDS Campa ign
T el.: (202) 662-0600
www.safe kids.o rg
Saf ety Belt Saf e U.S .A
Tel.: (800) 745-SAFE (English)
T el.: (800) 747-SANO (Span ish)
www.carseat .org
Transport Canad a In formation C entre
Tel.: 1-800-333-0371 or call
1-613-998-86 16 if you are in the Ottawa area
http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/ roadsafety/
men u.h tm
Audi Cu stom er R elation s
Tel.: (800) 822-2834
Page 189 of 292

Audi pre sense Preventative passenger
protection
App lies to veh icles: with Audi p re se nse
Audi pre sense can initiate steps to help pro
tect vehicle occupants in certain situations.
The funct ions descr ibed depend on equipment
installed in your vehicle:
Audi pre sense basic*
The following functions can be triggered in
certain driving situations:
- Tightening of the safety belts (for example,
during heavy braking) : the front safety belts
have reversible belt pretensioners. If a colli
sion does not occur, the safety belts loosen
slightly and are ready to be tightened again.
- Closing the windows and the sunroof* : the
windows and the sunroof* close leaving a
small open gap .
Audi pre sense basic functions can be trig
gered at speeds above 20 mph (30 km/h).
Vehicles with Audi drive select*: the deploy
ment time is adapted in Dynamic mode.
Audi pre sense front (vehicles with
adaptive cruise control*)
Audi pre sense front includes the functions in
Audi pre sense basic. In addition, within the limits of the system, the likelihood of a colli
sion with the vehicle immediately ahead is al
so calculated . If the system senses an immi
nent collision the following functions can be
tr iggered:
- Braking guard
¢ page 87
-Tightening the safety belts
- Closing the windows and the sunroof* ( leav-
ing a small open gap)
Audi pre sense rear (vehicles with Audi
side assist*)
Audi pre sense rear includes the functions in
Audi pre sense basic. In addition, the likeli
hood of a rear-end col lision with the vehicle
coming from behind is also calculated. If the
Audi pre sense 187
risk of a collision is detected, the following
functions can be triggered:
- Tightening the safety belts
- Closing the windows and the sunroof* (leav-
ing a small open gap)
Audi pre sense plus*
Audi pre sense plus includes the functions in
Audi pre sense front and Aud i pre sense rear .
Error message
Audi pre sense: not available
Preventative passenger protection is not avail
able. See your authorized Audi dealer immedi
ate ly to have the malfunction corrected.
A WARNING
-=
Audi pre sense cannot overcome the laws
of physics. It cannot prevent a collision. Do
not let the increased safety provided
tempt you to take risks . This will increase
the risk of a coll is ion and serious personal
injuries .
- The sensors cannot always detect all ob jects. This increases the risk of a colli
s10n .
- Aud i pre sense does not detect people or
an imals or objects that are crossing the
veh icle's path
¢page 81.
-The radar sensor's v is ion can be reduced
by heavy rain, ice, snow, heavy road spray
and reflections from guard rails, tunnel
entrances, etc. These and similar condi
tions can prevent vehicles from being ac
curately detected and in some cases they may not be detected at all.
Q) Note
The sensors can be displaced by impacts or
damage to the bumper, wheel housing and
underbody. This can affect the function of
the Audi pre sense system. Have your au
thorized Audi dealer check to make sure
that the system is working properly.
•
•
Page 191 of 292

Intelligent technology Notice about data
recorded by vehicle
control modules
Your vehicle is not equipped with an Event Da
ta Recorder (EDR), installed by some manu
facturers for the express purpose of capturing
data for retrieval after an accident or crash
event. EDR's are sometimes called "crash re
corders".
Some state laws restrict the retr ieval or down
loading of data stored by EDR's that were in
stalled in a vehicle for the express purpose of
retrieving data after an accident or crash
event without the owner's consent.
Although your vehicle is not equipped with an
EDR, it is equipped with a number of electron
ic control modules for various vehicle systems
such as, for examp le, engine function, emis
sion control, as well as for the airbags and
safety belts.
These electronic control modules also record
vehicle-related data during norma l vehicle op
eration for diagnostic and repair purposes.
The recording capacity of the electronic con
trol modules is limited to data (no sound is re
corded) and only a small amount of data is ac
tually recorded over a very limited period of
time and stored when a system fault or other
condition is sensed by a control unit. Some of
the data then stored may relate to vehicle
speed, direction, braking as we ll as restraint
system use and performance in the event of a
crash or other condition. Stored data can only be read and downloaded with special equip
ment.
Electronic Stabilization
Control (ESC)
Description
ESC helps to improve road holding and vehicle
dynamics to help reduce the probability of
skidding and loss of veh icle control. It works
only when the engine is running. ESC detects
Intelligent technology 189
certain difficult driving situations, including
when the vehicle is beginning to spin (yaw)
out of control and helps you to get the veh icle
back under control by se lectively braking the
wheels, and/or reducing engine power and
providing steering ass istance to help hold the
vehicle on the driver's intended course. The in
dicator light
JjJ in the instrument cluster
blinks when ESC is taking action to help you
control the vehicle.
ESC has limitations .
It is important to remem
ber that ESC cannot overcome the laws of
physics.
It will not always be able to help out
under all conditions you may come up against.
For example, ESC may not always be able to
help you master situations where there is a
sudden change in the coefficient of friction of
the road surface. When there is a section of dry road that is suddenly covered with water,
slush or snow, ESC cannot perform the same
way it would on the dry surface. If the vehicle
hydroplanes (rides on a cushion of water in
stead of the road surface), ESC will not be
able to help you steer the vehicle because con
tact with the pavement has been interrupted
and the vehicle cannot be braked or steered .
During fast cornering, particularly on winding
roads, ESC cannot always deal as effectively
with difficult driving situations than at lower
speeds.
Always adjust your speed and driving style to
road, traffic and weather conditions. ESC can
not override the vehicle's physical limits, in
crease the available traction, or keep a vehicle
on the road if road departure is a result of
driver inattention. Instead, ESC improves the
poss ibility of keeping the vehicle under con
trol and on the road dur ing extreme maneu
vers by usin g the driver 's steering inputs to
help keep the vehicle going in the intended di
rection. If you are traveling at a speed that
causes you to run off the road before ESC can
provide any assistance, you may not experi
ence the benefits of ESC.
ESC includes and/or works together with the
anti- lock brake system (ABS), brake assist sys -
tem, anti-slip regu lation (ASR), electronic
Ill>
•
•
Page 193 of 292

-You may hear noises when the systems
described are working.
- If the indicator ligh t
DJ or flB (USA
models) @ (Canada models) appears,
Switching on and off
Intelligen t technolog y 191
there may be a malfunc tion c> page 19,
c> page 18 .
ESC turns on automatically when you s tart the engine .
Fig. 180 Cente r con sole,.$ OFF b utto n
The ESC is des igned to function in levels . De
pend ing on the leve l that is selected, the sta-
ESC l evels
bilization funct ion of the ESC is lim ited or
swi tched off . The amoun t of s tabilization con
tro l will d iffer depending on the level.
T he following situat ions are exceptions where
it may be usefu l to switch on sport mode to
allow the w heels to spi n:
- Rocking the vehicle to free it when it is stuck
- Dr iving in deep snow or on loose ground
- Driving with snow chains
Sport mode on ESC/ASR off Sport mode off or
ESC/ASRon
Behavior
T he ESC and ASR stabili za- The stabili zation function The fu ll stabili zation f unc -
tion funct ions are lim ited is not ava ilable
c> & . ESC tion of the ESC and ASR is
¢ & . and ASR are sw itched off. available agai n.
Operati on Press the I~ O FF I button Press and hold the 1-~ O FFI Press the 1-~ O FF I button
briefly. button longer than 3 sec-again .
o nds.
Ind ic a to r I turns on . I and ifil•)H turn on . II turns off or II and
light s If i4•)ii turn off.
Dr iver mes- Stab ilization control Stabilization control Stabilization control
s ages (
ESC ): Spo rt. Warning! (ESC ): Off. Warning! Re· (ESC) : On
Reduced stabil ity duc ed stab ility
A WARNING
.
You should only sw itch sport mode on o r
switch ESC/ASR off if your drivi ng ab il ities
and road condi tions perm it. -
There is no vehicle stabilization when
ESC/ASR are switched off .
@ Tips
-The s tabilization func tion is limited
w he n spor t mode is sw itched on . The
dr iv ing whee ls cou ld spin and the vehicle
cou ld swe rve, especially on slick or slip
pery road surfaces. -
ESC/ASR cannot be switched off or sport
mode cannot be switched on when adap·
tive cruise control* is switched on .
-If the rear spoiler system malfunctions,
sport mode may not switch on o r it may
switch off again automatically .
Page 194 of 292

192 Intelligent technology
Rear spoiler
The rear spoiler improves vehicle handling
and enhances driver control.
Fig. 181 Center console: Switch for rear spo iler
The rear spoiler deploys and retracts. Spoiler
operation can be set for automatic or manual
operat ion.
Automatic mode (normal operation)
-Automatic deployment: At a speed of about
80 mph (130 km/h), the rear spoiler deploys
automatically.
- Automatic retraction: When speed drops be
low about SO mph (80 km/h), the rear spoil
er retracts automatically.
Manual mode
- Manual deployment: Tapping briefly on the
switch
c:> fig. 181 deploys the rear spoiler .
- Manual retraction: At speeds up to about
10 mph (20 km/h), retract the rear spoiler
by pressing and holding the switch
c:> fig. 181 . At speeds between 10 mph (20
km/h) and 80 mph (130 km/h), retract the
rear spoiler by tapping on the switch
<=?fig. 181.
Indicator lights
I§!/. Rear spoiler: system malfunction!
The rear spoiler may not have extended due to
a malfunction. This could change the vehicle's
driving characteristics at high speeds. Do not
exceed 85 mph (140 km/h). Drive to your au
thorized Audi dealer immed iately to have the
malfunction corrected . The co lor of the indica
tor light depends on the veh icle speed.
A WARNING
-Driving at higher speeds without the rear
spoiler deployed can impair handling char
acteristics, making the vehicle harder to
control.
-Always make sure that the spo iler is de
p loyed when driving at speeds over
85 mph (140 km/h) . If the rear spoiler
warn ing/ indicator light in the instru
ment cluster comes on, the rear spoiler
may not have deployed.
- Never drive at speeds higher than
85 mph (140 km/h) if the spoiler is not
deployed. Have the spoiler inspected as
soon as possible by an authorized Audi
dealer or qualified workshop.
- Always obey speed limits and other traf
fic laws.
A WARNING
Improper operation of the rear spoi ler can
cause crushing injuries.
- Always make sure that nobody, especially
children, is in the way when the rear
spoiler is deployed or retracted.
(D Note
- Never push the vehicle or apply force to
the rear spoiler -it could be damaged.
- Only operate the rear spoiler manua lly
when the rear lid is closed . Otherwise,
damage could occur.
(I} Tips
Clean the spoiler compartment every 2 to
3 months. The spoiler compartment must
always be free of ice, snow, leaves or other
debris.
Page 196 of 292

194 Intelligent technology
overheat, premature wear and increased
stopping distance.
- Under certain climatic and operating
condit ions such as passing through wa
ter, driving in heavy ra in or after wash ing
the vehicle, the effect iveness of the
brakes can be reduced. In winter, ice ca n
accumulate on the brake pads, linings ,
discs and d rums . Carefully apply brakes
for a test . B rakes wi ll dry a nd ice coat
ings will be cleaned off after a few c are
f ul brake app lications .
- Driv ing fo r an ex tende d pe riod of time on
salt-covere d roads w ithout us ing yo ur
brakes can also affect braking efficiency.
Clean off accumulated salt coating from
brake discs and pads w ith a few caref ul
brake applicat ions.
- If you damage the front spoiler, or if you
install a different spoiler, be sure the air
flow to the front brakes is not obstruct ed. Otherwise the brake system could
overheat reducing the effectiveness of
the ent ire brake system .
- Failure of one brake c ircuit will impair
the braking capability res ulting in an in
creased stopp ing distance. Avoid driv ing
the vehicle and have it towed to t he near
est Au di dea le r o r q ualified w ork sh o p.
- Never let the vehicle ro ll to a stop w ith
the e ngine shu t off.
- If the brake booster is not working, the
bra ke pedal must be p ressed conside ra
bly harder to make up for the la ck of
booster assistance.
Electro-mechanical
power assist, dynamic
steering
The electro-mechanical power assist helps
the driver when steering .
Power steering adapts electronically based on
the vehicle speed .
Indicator lights and messages
• Steering defective! Stop the vehicle
If this indicato r light turns on and stays on
and t his message appears, the power steering
may have failed.
D o
not con tinue dr iv ing . See your author ized
Audi dealer or other qualified repair facility
for assistance .
'I-lj Steering: Sy stem fault You can continue
driving
If the indicato r light turns on and the mes
sage appea rs, the stee ring may be more diffi
cul t to move o r more sens itive th an usua l. The
stee ring wheel may a lso be at an ang le when
driving straight .
D rive slowly to you r authorized Aud i dea le r or
qualified wo rkshop to have the ma lf u nct ion
corre cted.
(:rij Dynamic st eering: Initializing
If this driver message appears and the indica
tor light is f lashing on the instrument panel,
dynam ic steer ing* is being rei nitia lized . Afte r
sta rting the engine, the stee ring wheel will
move s ligh tly. Re- ini tiali zation mig ht be ne c
essa ry if the stee ring wheel w as moved h ard
to the left and r ight wh ile the vehicle was not
moving . The display goes out as soon as initi
alization is complete.
D rive slowly to you r authorized Audi de aler or
qualified wo rkshop to have the ma lf u nct ion
corrected.
_& WARNING
Have t he dynamic stee ring * system mal
f u nction repa ired as soon as possible by an
a uthorized Audi dea ler or qua lified wor k
shop - risk of acc ident !
(D Tips
If the . or (:rij indicator light on ly stays
on for a short time, yo u may continue driv
i ng.
- The dynamic steering * stab ility systems
are not avai lab le in the event of a system
ma lf u nction.
- For add itiona l information on dynamic
steering *, refer to
c> page 96.
Page 198 of 292

196 Intelligent technology
Basically, energy management consists o f
battery diagnosis, idling current manage
ment
and dynamic energy man agement.
Battery diagnosis
Battery diagnosis continuously dete rm ines
the state of the battery. Sensors determine
battery vo ltage, battery current and battery
temperature. This determines the current
state of charge and the power of the battery.
Idling current management
I dling current management reduces energy
consumption while the vehicle is standing.
With the ignition switched off, it contro ls the
energy s upply to the various e lectrica l compo
nents . Data from battery diagnosis is consid
ered.
D epending on the battery's state of charge,
individual consumers are gradually turned off
to prevent excess ive discharge of the battery
and thus mainta in start ing capability.
Dynamic energy management
While the vehicle is being dr iven, dynamic en
ergy management distributes the energy gen
erated according to the needs of the individu
a l components. It regu lates consumption, so
that more electrical energy is not being used
than is being generated and ensures an opti mal state of charge for the battery.
(D) Tips
-But even energy management cannot
negate the limits of physics. Consider
that the power and life of a battery are
limited .
- If starting ab ility is threatened, the indi
cator light (•) appears ¢
page 16.
What you should know
The highest priority is given to maintaining
starting capability.
The battery is severely taxed in short-distance
driving, in city traffic and during the co ld time
of year. Abu ndant electrical energy is re- quired, but on
ly a little is generated . It is also
critical if the engine is not running and electri
ca l components are turned on. In this in
stance energy is be ing consumed but none is
being generated .
It is in precise ly these situations that you will
notice energy management active ly regu lat
ing the distribution of energy.
Vehicle stands for an extended period
If you do not drive your vehicle over a period
of several days or weeks, e lectrica l compo
nents are gradually cut back or switched off .
This reduces energy consumption and main
ta ins start ing capability over a longer period .
Some of the convenience functions may not
operate, such as the interior l ights or the
power seat adjustme nt. The convenience
funct ions will be available again when you
switch on the ignition and start the eng ine.
With the engine turned off
If you listen to the radio, for examp le, w ith
the engine turned off or use other MMI func
tions, the battery is be ing discharged .
If starting capability is jeopardized due to en
ergy consumption, the following warning ap
pears in the MMI display:
Please start the engine soon or the system
will be turned off.
The warning indicates that the system will be
turned off automatically after 3 minutes . If
you w ish to continue using the functions, you
have to start the eng ine.
With the engine running
Although e lectrical energy is generated when
the vehicle is being driven, the battery can be
come discharged. This happens mostly when
little energy is being generated and a great
deal consumed and the battery's state of
charge is not opt imal.
To bring the energy ba lance back into equili
brium, consumers which requ ire espec ially
large amounts of energy are temporar ily cut
back or sw itched off. Heating systems in .,.
Page 199 of 292

particular require a great deal of energy. If
you notice, for example, that the heated seats* or the heated rear window are not
heating, they have been temporarily cut back
or switched off. These systems will be availa ble again as soon as the energy balance has
been restored.
You will also notice that engine idle speed has been increased slightly. This is normal and not
a cause for concern . By increasing engine idle
speed the additional energy required is gener
ated and the battery is charged.
Intelligent technology 197
•
•