mirror AUDI S6 2011 Owners Manual

Table of contents
Table of contents
Vehicle literature ..... .
About this Owner's Manual .......... ....... .. .
Controls and
equipment .............. .
Instruments and controls ... .
General illustration ........... .
Instruments and
warning/indicator Lights ..... . Instruments ... ... .......... .
Warning/indicator ligh ts ..... . .
Driver information display ... .
Introduction ...... ......... . .
On-Board Diagno stic sy ste m
(OBD) . ..... ....... .......... .
Auto Ch eck Control ........... .
Speed warning system ........ .
Tr ip computer ............ ... .
Opening and closing ......... . Keys ............ ............ .
Power locking system
Rear lid .... ..... ............ .
Child safety Lock ............. .
Convenience key ............. .
Anti-theft alarm sys tem ...... .
Power windows .............. .
Sliding/tilting power sunroof .. .
Clear vision .. .... ............ .
L ights ... .. ........ ......... .
Interior ligh ts ... ... .. ....... .
4
5
6
7
7
8
8
12
19
19
23
24
32
34
37
3 7
41
46
47
47
49
so
53
58
58
63 Vi
sion .................... .. .
Wiper and washer system Mirrors ... ............... ... .
Digital compass ............ .
Seats and storage ........ ... .
General recommendations .... .
Power seat . ................. .
S eat m emory ............... . .
Rear sea ts ... ... .. .......... .
Head res train ts ........... ... .
Armrest .. .. ................ .
Luggage compar tm en t ..... .. .
Roof ra ck . .... .... .......... .
Cupholder .................. .
Ashtray .. ................... .
Cigarette Lighter/socket ...... .
S torag e ................ .. .. .
Warm and cold .... .......... .
Cl imate control ........ .. .... .
Ba sic se tt ings ............... .
On the road ... .... .......... .
S tee ring .................... .
Igni tion lock and ignition swi tch
Start ing and stopp ing the engine
Start ing and stopping the engine
with Convenience key ......... .
E lectromechanical parking brake
Cru ise control ............... .
Adaptive Cruise Control ..... . Speed and distance con trol
sys tem .............. ....... .
Dr iver information ........... .
Syst em Limitations ........... .
Audi Lane assist .......... .. .
Lane ass ist .... .. ............ . 64
66
69
73
75
75
76
79
80
81
82
83
87
89
91
92
93
96
96
104
106
106
108
109
110
113
116
119
119
12 7
131
134
134 Audi
side assist ............... 137
Lane Change Assistant ......... 137
No tes ....... .... ............. 144
Automatic transmission 146
tiptronic ® (6-sp eed au toma tic
tr ansmission) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
multitronic ® ............ ...... 152
Park assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Park ing sys tem ......... .... .. . 160
Park ing syst em (r ear) . . . . . . . . . . 160
Park ing sy ste m (r ear, w ith r ear
view camera) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Adaptive Air Suspension . . . . . . 168
Adap tive Air Suspens ion and
Damping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 168
Homelink ® ............. .... .. 171
Universal remote control 171
Safety first . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 6
Driving Safely ................. 176
General notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Proper occupant seating
posi tions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 8
Pedal area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Stowing Luggag e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Reporting Safe ty Defe cts . . . . . . . 185
Safety belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
G eneral not es ................. 187
Why safe ty be lt s ? ........... .. 188
Safety belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Safe ty belt pretensio ners . . . . . . . 195

Instruments and controls
General illustration
(D Power window switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
@ Door handle
@ Memory buttons (driver's seat) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
© Power locking switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
® Adjuster control for outside mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
© Air outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
0 Light switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
@ Control lever for:
- Turn signal and high beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
- Lane assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
® Control lever for:
- Cruise control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
- Adaptive Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
@ Multifunction steering wheel with:
- Horn
- Driver 's airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
- Shift buttons ...... .. .. .... ........ .......... 151, 158
- Button for steering wheel heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
@ Instrument cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
@ Switches for
- Windshield wiper/washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
- Trip computer ............... .. .. .. .. ....... .
@ Steering lock/ignition/starter switch ... .. ......... .
@ Buttons for
- resetting the trip odometer .......... .. .. .. ... .
- !CHECK] .... .... .. .... .. .... ............... .
-Instrument lighting . ....... .... .. .. .... .. .. . .
Controls and equip ­
ment Safety first
34
108
10
11
11
Instruments and controls
@ MMI Display, see separate manua l
@ Depending on equipment, switches for:
- Electronic Stabili zation Program (ESP)
- Side assist .. ... . .... .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. ... .
- Emergency flashers .. .... .. .. .. ............. .
- Power sunshade . ... ... .. .. .. .. .... .. .. ... .. .
- Valet key function .. .. .. .. .... ....... ...... .. .
@ Buttons for
- Switching MMI display on/off
- Unlocking glove compartment
@ Glove compartment ...... .. .. .. .... .. ......... .
@ Front passenger 's airbag ............... ... .. .. . .
@ Climate controls ... .. .. .. .. .. .... .......... ... .
@ Ashtray .............. .. .... .. .. .. .. .... ..... .
@ Shift lever for automatic transmission
- 6-speed automatic transmission ....... .. ... ... .
- multitronic ® ....................... .. .... .. .
@ MMI contro l console, see separate manua l
@ Storage with cupholder ... .. ... .............. .. .
@) Electromechanical parking brake .............. .. . .
@ ISTAR T]-/ISTOP] button ........ .. ... .......... .
@ Adjustable steering wheel, depending on equipment :
- mechanical ............. .. .. .. ............. .
- electrical . ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....... .. .
@ Data Link Connector for On Board Diagnostics (OBD II)
@ Hood release .......... .. .... .. .. .. .. ......... .
@ Switch for
unlocking the fuel fi ller door .............. .... .
- unlocking the trunk lid . .. ........ .. ... .. .. .. . .
Vehicle care
242
137
61
65
40
94
94
201
98
91
146
154
89
113
110
106
106 23
278
275
46 •
Technical data

Opening and closing
• For security reasons, replacement keys are only available from
Audi dealers. •
Master key with remote control
The remote control allows you to lock or unlock the
vehicle electronically.
Fig. 24 Fold-up
master key with
remote control
-To fold the key out and back in place, press the release
button~ fig. 24.
The transmitter and battery are located in the head of the remote
control. The receiver is located inside the vehicle. The maximum
effective range depends on several things . Remember, if the battery
is weak, the effective range decreases.
If you need to replace the remote contro l, or if you need to have it
repaired, you must see your authorized Audi dealer. Only then can you
use the key again.
Personalizing the master key
When the ignition is turned off or when the veh icle is locked, various
convenience settings are stored automatically and assigned to the
key that was used. The settings that are ass igned to the master key
are recalled automatically when the vehicle is un locked, when the
door is opened o r when the ignition is sw itched on. Settings are saved for the following systems:
•
Climate control
• Central locking
• Ambient lighting
• Windows
• Park ing System*
• Seat memory*
The
Remote control key function must be activated in the MMI
=> page 80, so that the settings for the driver's seat (including the
sett ings for the steering column and exterior mirrors) a re saved on
the master key through the seat memory when the vehicle is locked,
and are set automat ically when the vehicle is unlocked.
[ i ] Tips
• If the ignit ion is switched on, the remote control system is deacti­
vated.
• The remote control system can be affected by other systems oper­
ating in the same frequency range close to the vehicle, such as mobile
telephones, telev isio n broadcasting s tations, etc.
• For Declaration of Compliance to United States FCC and Industry
Canada regulations:=>
page 349. •

brightness increases again, the low beams are turned off again auto­
matically =>& .
In the
AUTO position the low beams are switched off automatically
when the ignition is turned off.
Light Sensor Malfunction
In the event of a light sensor ma lfunct ion, the driver is notified in the
instrument cluster display:
Automatic headlights/automatic wipers defective
For safety reasons the low beams are turned on permanently with t he
switch in
AUTO. However, you can continue to turn the lights on and
off using the light switch. Have the light sensor checked as soon as
possible at a dealership.
& WARNING
• Never use daytime running lights to see where you are going.
They are not bright enough and will not let you see far enough
ahead for safety, especially at dusk or when it is dark. Always
switch on the low beams at dusk or when it is dark.
• Automatic headlights are only intended to assist the driver .
They do not relieve the driver of his responsibility to check the
headlights and to turn them on manually according to the current
light and visibility conditions. For example, fog and rain cannot be
detected by the light sensors. So always switch on the headlights
under these weather conditions and when driving in the dark
io.
• Crashes can happen when you cannot see the road ahead and
when you cannot be seen by other motorists.
- Always turn on the headlights so that you can see ahead and
so that others can see your car from the back.
[ i ) Tips
• With the switch in AUTO front fog lights and rea r fog ligh ts cannot
be turned on in addition .
Controls and equip ­
ment Safety first
Clear vision
•
The light sensor for headlight control is located in the rear view
mirror mount. Do not apply any stickers to the winds hield in this area
to prevent malfunctions or failures .
• If you remove the ignition from the ignitio n lock w hile the head­
lights are still on, a buzzer will sound as long as the dr iver's door is
open to remind you to turn off the lights.
• Always observe the specific loca l regulations for your area as to
when to use your lights .•
Adjusting exterior lighting
The functions are set in the MMI.
-Select: Function button [CAR]> Systems* > Exterior
lighting .
Coming home
The Coming home function ensures tha t after turning off the igni­
tion and opening the driver's door
the vehicle per iphery is illum i­
nated in the dark. In addition, the front fog lights, the tail lights and
the license plate light are turned on. On-time can be set for a per iod
from O (off) to 60 seconds .
Leaving home
The Leaving home function ensu res that when unlocking the vehicle
per iphery is illuminated in the dark. In addition, the front fog lights,
the tail lights and the license plate light are turned on. This function
can be turned on and off .
Daytime running lights
USA models: On vehicles with xenon lights the daytime running
lights can be turned on or off using this function . On vehicles with
halogen lights there is no daytime running lights function .
Canada models: The function cannot be turned off. It is activated
automatically each time the ignition is tur ned on. This menu item is
shown "greyed out". •
Vehicle care Technical data

Applies to veh icles : w ith Adaptive Light
Adaptive Light
When making a turn or driving around tight corners, the
relevant area of the rood is better illuminated .
Adaptive Light (making turns)
Fig. 49 Adaptive Light
when turning and
driving through curves
An additional bulb in the headlight provides a cornering light@ in
addition to the low beam ©~ fig. 49. Adaptive Light is switched on
and off automatically depending on driving conditions.
When you activate the turn signal lever, the Adaptive Light for the
same side is switched on. Please note that the turn signal lever must
engage.
Adaptive Light is not switched on if you only move the turn signal
lever to the point of resistance to signal a lane change~
page 62,
"Turn signal
¢i c:> and high beam ~o lever".
When driving around bends, Adaptive Light is controlled according to steering wheel angle.
• It is switched on in tight corners.
• It is not switched on in long, open bends .
Adaptive Light (in curves)
When driving through curves, the low beams © are automatica lly
controlled depending on driving speed and the steering wheel angle.
Con tro ls a nd e quip ­
m en t Vehicle
OP-eration
Clear vision
The two main beams pivot at different angles so that there is no unil­
luminated area in front of the vehicle .
[ i] Tips
• The system works up to a speed of about 43 mph (70 km/h). If the
speed is higher, it is not activated .
• Adaptive Light (in curves) functions at a speed of about 6 mph
(10 km/h) and is deactivated at speeds below about 4 mph
(6 km/h). •
Applies to vehicles : w ith ligh t package
Perimeter lighting in the mirror housing
LEDs in the exterior mirror housing illuminate the ground
during entry.
This function ensures that when unlocking, the vehicle periphery is
ill uminated in the dark. LEDs in the exterior mirror housing are
switched on . The function cannot be turned off separately. •
Emergency flasher A
The emergency flasher makes other motorists aware that
you or your vehicle are in an emergency situation.
Vehicle care
Fig. 50 Center
console: emergency
flasher switch .,
Do-it-yourselt service iTechnical data

Make-up mirrors
The vani ty m irrors in the sun visors are equ ipped with lids . When the
lid is open end@, the mirror light in the roof lin ing tu rns on au toma t­
ically . It t urns off when the lid is closed or the visor is folded up
agai n.•
App lies to vehicles: wit h sun sha de
Sun shade
The windows in the rear doors and the rea r window are
each equipped with a sun shade.
Con tro ls a nd e quip ­
m en t
. l
F ig . 55 S un sh ad e
p ulled up on a rear
w in dow
Fi g. 56 Co ckpit:
b utt on f or rea r wind ow
s un sh a de
Vehicle OP-eration
Clear vision
Sun shade (rear doors)
- Pull the shade out and hang it in the hooks on the upper
doo r frame=> fig. 55.
Sun shade (rear window)
-To extend/retract the rear window sun shade, press the
button
rn => fig. 56.
T he rear window sun shade can be set in t he M MI so that it retracts
au tomatically w hen driving in reve rse . Selec t fu nction bu tton
[CARI >
Systems* > Window > Rear window sun shade > On to do this. The
s u n shade is extended again as soon as the vehi cle is traveling
forward at a speed greater than 9 mph (15 km/h) if the ignition has
no t b een swi tched off in the meant ime . T he c urren t se tting is auto­
matically stored and assigned to the remote key.
[ i ] Tips
• Pressing the button r.&I severa l times co nsecutive ly can tr igger the
overlo ad protec tion. The su n shade can only be exte nded/ re tra cted
again after a brief waiting period .
• T he rear window sun sh ade only fun ct io ns when t he ve hicle in te­
rior is warmer than
14°F (-10°() . •
Vehicle care Do-it-yourselt service iTechnical data

- Press on both sides of the loc king spring @ on the wiper
blade~
page 68, fig. 58 . Hold t he wiper blade firm ly .
- Remove the wiper blade @.
Installing wiper blade
- Install the new wiper blade in the retainer on the wiper
arm ©~
page 68, fig . 59 u nti l it clicks into place on t he
w iper arm.
- Place the w iper arm bac k against the wi ndsh ield .
Clean yo ur wiper blades regularly with a windshie ld washe r so lution
to prevent streaking . If the blades are very dirty, for example with
insects, caref ully clean the blades with a sponge or a so ft brush.
If the w iper blades begin to st reak the windshield, this could be
caused by res idue left on the windsh ie ld by automatic car washes.
Fill the windshie ld washe r con tainer w it h a specia l solu tion ava ilab le
at your authori zed Audi dealer to remove the residue .
& WARNING
Be sure to inspect the condition of your w iper blades regularly. See
your authorized Audi d ealer f or r epla cement blade s.
0 Note
To preven t da mage to the wipe r system:
• To help prevent damage to the wiper system, always loosen
blades which are frozen to the wi nds hield before operati ng wipers.
• T o help prevent damage to w iper blades, do not use gasoline,
kerosene, paint thinner, or other solvents on or near the wipe r
blades .
• T o help prevent damage to wipe r arms or other components, do
not attempt to move the wipers by hand.
Controls and equip ­
ment Safety first
Clear v
ision
• The windshield wiper blades must only be replaced when in the
service positio n =>
page 68! Otherw ise, you risk dam ag ing the pain t
on the hood or the windshie ld w iper motor .
(I) Tips
Commercial hot waxes applied by automatic car washes affect the
cleanability of the win dsh ield. •
Mirrors
Manual anti-glare adjustment
Standard setting
-Move the small lever (located on t he bottom edge of the
mirror) to t he front.
Anti-glare setting
- Move th e small lever (locate d on t he bo ttom edge of the
m irror) to the rear .•
Vehicle care Technical data

Clear vision
Applies to vehicles : w ith automat ically d imm ing ins ide m ir ror w ith d ig ital compass
Automatically dimming inside mirror
The automatic dimming function can be turned on and
off if required .
Disabling auto dimming
Fig . 60 I nside rea r
v ie w mirror
- Press but ton @ ~ fig . 60 brie fly, -the green ind icator
light ® goes out.
Activating/reactivating auto dimming
- Press button @ briefly, -the green indicator ligh t® goes
on .
Automat ic dimming function
The automatic dimming function is activated every tim e the ignition
is turned on. The g ree n indicator light is lit to indica te auto d imming
is active.
When d imming is act ivated, the inside mir ror w ill darke n
automati­
cally
in response to the amou nt of light striking the mirror (such as
head lights from rearward approaching vehicles). Even in d imming
mode, the mirror surface turns br ight when :
• the interio r light is switched on
• reverse gear is engaged .
& WARNING
Broken glass of automatic dimming mirro r can cause electrolyte
fluid leakage . El ec trolyte fluid can irritate skin , eyes, and respira­
tory system .
• Repeated or p rolonged expo sur e to ele ctrolyte can cau se irrita­
tion to the resp iratory system, esp ecially among p eople with
asthma or other r espiratory condition s. G et fre sh air immediately
by le aving the vehicl e or, if that is not po ssible , open window s and
doors all the wa y.
• If ele ctrolyte g ets into the eye s, flush th em tho roughly with
large am ount s of clean water f or at lea st 15 minute s; medical
attention is re commended .
• If el ectrolyte contacts skin , flu sh affected area with clean
water for at l east 15 minut es and then wash aff ected area with
s oap and wat er; medical attention is rec ommend ed . Thoroughly
wash affected clothing and sho es before reu se.
• If swallowed and per son is c on sciou s, rinse mouth with water
fo r at le ast 15 minut es. Do not indu ce vomit ing unle ss instru cted
to do so by medical profe ssional. Get medical attenti on imm edi­
ate ly .
0 Note
Liquid e lectrolyte leaked from a broken mirror g lass will damage any
plastic surfaces it comes in contact with. Clean up spi lled electrolyte
immediately with clear water and a sponge.
[I) Tips
• If you switch off the automatic dimming function on th e in side
mir ro r, automatic dimming of the outside mirrors will l ikewise be
di sabled .
• Check to make sure there are no objects preventing light from
reac hing t he i nside m irro r.

• Do not attach any st ickers to the w indshield in front of the light
sensor, as this would inte rfe re with the a utomat ic operat ion of the
headlights and the automat ic dimming of the ins ide mir ror.
• Be aware that a utomatic dimming o f the in si de mir ror can on ly
operate proper ly if the rear w indow s un b lin d* is retracted . •
Outside mirrors
The outside mirrors are elec trically ad jus ted.
Adjusting the outside mirrors
F ig . 6 1 Forward
sec tion of dri ve r's
a rmr est: p ow er mirr or
con tro ls
- Tur n th e adjus ting k no b to position (0 ~ fig. 61 to ad just
the outsi de mi rror on the drive r's sid e.
- Turn the adjusting knob to position ® to adjust the
outside mir ror on the passenger side .
- Press the knob in the appropriate direction to move the
mirror surface so that you have a good view to the rear .
Heated mirrors
- Turn the knob to position @.
Folding both outside mirrors flat*
-Turn the knob to@ .
Con tro ls a nd e quip ­
m en t Vehicle
OP-eration
Clear vision
Depend ing on the outs ide temperature, the mirror surfaces are
heated un til t he ignit ion is sw itched off -eve n if the knob is no longe r
in pos ition
@ .
You are well-advised to fold* the o utside mirrors in when maneu­
ver ing in tight spa ces or when leav ing t he car parked close to ot her
vehicles.
Memory setting for the outside mirrors *
When the seat position is saved in the memory, the position of the
outs ide mirro rs is saved at the same time~ page 79.
If the position of the mirro r su rface is changed on a tilted mirror, this
new posit io n wi ll be automat ically saved to the rem ote key w hen the
vehicle is taken out of reverse gear .
Tilting the passenger's side outside mirror (only
with seat memory )
When yo u move the selector lever into R (Reverse), the mir ror on t he
front passenger 's door (knob turned to@ ~ fig. 61) will tilt slight ly
downward . Th is ma ke is eas ier for you to see t he curb when you are
back ing into a parki ng space .
T he mirror returns to its initial position as soon as reverse gear is
disengaged and ve hicle speed is above about 9 mph (15 km/h) . The
mirro r also returns to its initia l position if the switch is moved to the
dr ive r's o uts ide mirro r© or th e ig ni tion is swit ched off .
Automatic anti-glare for the outside mirrors*
The o utside mirrors dim at the same t ime as the inside m irro r. When
the ign it ion is sw itched on, the mirrors automatically dim depend ing
on the amo unt of light str iking the m irro rs (su ch as head lights
shining into the vehicle from the rear).
When you turn on the inter io r li ght, or w hen you move the se lec tor
lever into
R (Reverse), the anti-glare f unction stops and the mirrors
return to their orig inal condition (not darkened).
~
Vehicle care Do-it-yourselt service iTechnical data

Clear vision
0 Note
• Curved ( i.e. co nvex) mir ror s urfaces increase your field of view.
Remember that vehicles or other objects will ap pear smaller and
f art her away th an whe n seen in a fla t mi rror. If you use th is mi rro r to
estimate distances of follow ing ve hicles when chang ing lanes, you
could estimate i nco rre ct ly and ca u se an a cci dent .
• If the mir ror ho using is moved un inte ntionally (for examp le, whi le
par king yo ur veh icle), then you m ust fir st f old the mir ror ele ctrically.
Do not read just the mirro r hous ing manually. You could damage the
mot or w hic h con trols the mi rror .
[ i ] Tips
If the re should be a m alfu nction in the ele ct ric al sys tem, you can st ill
adjust the outs ide mirrors by pressing the edge of the m irror. •
App lies to ve hicles : w ith auto mat ic dimm ing fo r outs ide m ir ro rs
Automatic dimming for outside mirrors
T he ou tside mir rors are dimmed toge ther w it h t he a utoma tic
dimming of the ins ide mirror . When the ignition is sw itched on, t he
m irrors da rken a utomat ica lly depend ing on the light stri king them
(e .g . headlights from the r ea r) .
When the interio r light ing is sw itched on and when reverse gear is
engaged , the mi rrors are switche d back to their or ig inal b rightness
(not d immed).
& WARNING
Broken glass of automatic dimming mirror can cause electrolyte
fluid leakage. Electrolyte fluid can irritate skin, eyes, and respira­ tory system.
• Repeated or prolonged exposure to electrolyte can cause irrita­
tion to the respiratory system, especially among people w ith
& WARNING (co ntinued )
asthma o r other respiratory conditions . Get fresh air immediately
by leaving the vehicle or, if that is not po ssible, open window s and
doors all the way.
• If electrolyte gets into the eyes, flush them thoroughly with
large amounts of clean water fo r at least 15 minutes; medical
attention i s recommended.
• If electrolyte contacts skin , flush affected area with clean
water for at least 15 minutes and then wash affected area w ith
soap and water; medical attention is recommended. Thoroughly
wash affected clothing and shoes before reuse.
• If swallowed and person is conscious, rinse mouth with water
for at least 15 minutes. Do not induce vomiting unle ss instructed
to do so by medical professional. Get medical attention immedi·
ately.
0 Note
El ectro ly te lea king from a br oke n m irro r g lass a ttack s th e veh icle
pa int and plast ic surfaces. Clean up sp illed electrolyte immed iate ly
w ith clear w ater and a s ponge.
[ i ] Tips
• If automatic dimming for the inside mirror is switched off , the
outside mirrors are also not dimmed automatically.
• Automat ic di mmin g for t he mir ro r only oper ates p roperly if the
sunshade * fo r th e rear w indow is retracted, o r the light strik ing t he
inside mi rror is not hindere d by other objects .•