brake fluid BMW 323i 1995 E36 Owner's Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: BMW, Model Year: 1995, Model line: 323i, Model: BMW 323i 1995 E36Pages: 759
Page 230 of 759
240-2
AUTOMATIC
TRANSMISSION
WARNING
-
If
the
appropriate
temperature
measuring
equip-
ment
is
not
available,
ATF
leve¡
checking
shouldbe
left
to
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
The
checking
pro-
cedure
should
be
done
on
a
lift
with
the
engine
run-
ning
in
neutral
.
In
addition,
the
transmission
fluid
temperature
must
be
maintained
within
a
narrow
range
duringthe
checking
procedure
.
1
.
Place
vehicle
on
a
lift
.
WARNING
-
To
lift
the
vehicle
safely,
see
010
Fundamentals
for
the
Do-it-Yourself
Owner
.
2
.
Warm
up
drivetrain
by
running
engine
until
ATF
reach-
es
specified
temperature
.
Apply
brake
and,
while
idling
engine,
shift
through
all
gears
severa¡
times
.
Turn
en-
gine
off
.
ATF
Level
Checking
"
Fluid
temperature
..
...........
30-55°C
(86-131°F)
3
.
Remove
ATF
fill
plug
.
Place
transmission
in
neutral
and
ATF,draining
and
filling
restart
engine
.
See
Fig
.
1
or
Fig
.
2
.
Fig
.
1
.
ATF
fill
plug
(A)
on
MS
270R/A4S310R
transmissions
.
4
.
With
ATF
at
specified
temperature,
add
(luid
until
it
spilis
from
fill
hole
.
WARNING
-
HotATFcan
scald
.
Weareye
protection
and
protec-
tive
clothing
and
gloves
duringthe
check
.
If
thetransmission
was
overfilled,
hot
ATF
will
spill
from
the
filler
hole
when
the
fill
plug
is
removed
.
5
.
Reinstall
fill
plug
using
new
sealing
ring
.
TRANSMISSION
SERVICE
011743
0011742
Fig
.
2
.
ATF
drain
plug
(A)
and
fill
plug
(B)
on
A5S
310Z
transmission
.
Tightening
Torques
"
ATF
fill
plug
to
ATF
sump
MS
270R/A4S
31
OR
.............
33
Nm
(24
ft-Ib)
MS
310Z
(M30
plug)
............
100
Nm
(74
ft-Ib)
The
procedure
given
here
includes
removal
and
installation
of
the
ATF
(luid
strainer
(filter)
.
1
.
Remove
drain
plug
and
drain
fluidinto
container
.
See
Fig
.
3
or
Fig
.
2
given
earlier
.
0~
0
/\1--Z
.IZ
~
~
A
~
"o
15/
Fig
.
3
.
ATF
drain
plug
(A)
on
A4S
270R/A4S
310R
.
WARNING
-
The
ATF
must
not
be
hot
when
draining
.
Do
not
drain
the
ATF
if
the
engineandlor
transmission
Is
hot
.
Hot
ATF
can
scald
.
Wear
eye
protection,
pro-
tective
clothing
and
gloves
.
0011595
Page 232 of 759
240-
4
AUTOMATIC
TRANSMISSION
TRANSMISSION
REMOVALAND
INSTALLATION
Removal
and
installation
of
thetransmission
is
best
accom-
plished
on
a
lift
using
a
transmission
jack
.
Use
caution
and
safe
workshop
practices
when
working
beneath
car
and
low-
ering
transmission
.
WARNING
-
To
lift
the
vehicle
safely,
see010
Fundamentals
for
the
Do-it-Yourself
Owner
.
CAUTION-
"
Be
sure
the
vehicle
is
properly
supported
.
The
removal
of
the
transmission
may
upset
the
bal-
ance
of
the
vehicle
on
a
lift
.
"
Tilting
the
engine
to
remove
the
transmission
can
lead
to
damage
to
various
components
due
to
lack
of
clearance
.
-On
carswith
AST
remove
throttle
body
.
-Remove
brake
fluid
reservoir
if
necessary
.
Torx-head
bolts
are
used
to
mount
thetransmission
to
the
bellhousing
.
Be
sure
to
have
appropriate
tools
on
hand
before
starting
thejob
.
2
.
Install
engine
support
across
engine
bay
.
Raise
and
safely
support
vehicle
.
See
Fig
.
6
.
WARNING
-
"
When
raising
thecar
using
a
floor
jack
or
a
hy-
draulic
lift,
carefully
position
the
jack
pad
to
pre-
vent
damaging
the
car
body
.
A
suitable
liner
(wood,
rubber,
etc
.)
should
be
placed
between
the
jack
and
the
car
to
prevent
body
damage
.
"
Watch
the
jack
closely
.
Make
sure
it
stays
stable
and
does
not
shift
or
tilt
.
As
the
car
is
raised,
the
car
may
roll
slightty
and
the
jack
may
shift
.
CAUTION-
Removal
of
transmission
will
cause
engine
to
tip
unlessengine
support
is
used
.
TRANSMISSION
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
Fig
.
6
.
Engine
support
equipment
used
to
support
engine
from
above
before
removing
transmission
.
3
.
Raise
vehicle
to
gain
access
to
underside
of
car
.
4
.
Drain
ATF
from
transmission
as
described
earlier
.
5
.
Disconnect
oxygen
sensor
harness
.
Remove
exhaust
system,
and
exhaust
heat
shield
.
See
180
Exhaust
System
.
Transmission,
removing
and
installing
6
.
Remove
driveshaft
.
See
260
Driveshaft
.
1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
cable
from
battery
.
7
.
With
selector
lever
in
Park,
disconnect
shift
selector
le-
ver
cable
from
lever
and
remove
cable
bracket
.
Hold
CA
UTION-
linkage
clamping
bolt
stationary
when
loosening
Prior
to
disconnectiog
the
battery,
read
the
battery
clamping
nut
.
See
Fig
.
7
.
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
vi¡¡
.
Fig
.
7
.
Selector
lever
cable
clamping
nut
(A)
.
Loosen
cable
clamping
nut
(B)
and
remove
cable
from
bracket
.
Always
counterholdclamping
bolt
when
loosening
nut
.
Page 236 of 759
250-2
GEARSHIFT
LINKAGE
5
.
Remove
driveshaft
.
See260
Driveshaft
.
9
.
Release
gearshift
lever
retaining
ring
from
below
by
turningspecial
tool
90°(
1
/4
turn)
counterclockwise
.
See
6
.
Support
transmission
with
transmission
jack
.
Remove
Fig
.
4
.
crossmember
from
rear
of
transmission
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
Fig
.
2
.
Rear
transmission
crossmember
(arrow)
.
7
.
Lower
rear
of
transmission
to
access
gearshift
linkage
.
CAUTION-
Tilting
the
engine
to
lower
thetransmission
can
lead
to
damage
to
various
componente
due
to
lackof
clearance
.
-On
cars
with
AST
remove
throttle
body
.
-Remove
brake
fluid
reservoir
if
necessary
.
0013135
8
.
Working
below
transmission,
disconnect
shift
rod
from
gearshift
lever
.
Note
washers
on
either
side
of
shift
rod
end
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
v
clip
Shift
rod
Fig
.
3
.
Pull
off
shift
rod
retaining
clip
in
direction
of
arrow
(t)
;
disen-
gage
shift
rod
from
gearshift
lever
(2)
.
MANUAL
TRANSMISSION
GEARSHIFT
BMW
Tool
No
.
25
1
110
orequivalent
Fig
.
4
.
Shift
lever
retaining
ring
being
removed
using
BMW
special
tool
25
1
110
.
10
.
Raise
transmission
and
temporarily
instan
transmission
crossmember
.
11
.
Lower
vehicle
.
Working
from
inside
passengercom-
partment,
pull
upon
gearshift
lever
to
remove
it
togeth-
erwith
retaining
ring
and
rubber
grommet
.
Gearshift
lever,
installing
(manual
transmission)
6532
1
.
Instan
shift
lever,
aligninglocking
tabs
with
openings
in
shift
console
.
Press
down
on
retaining
ring
until
it
clicks
into
place
.
See
Fig
.
5
.
\
Retaining
Fig
.
5
.
Shift
lever
retaining
ring
.
Fit
plastic
tabs
into
slots
of
shift
con-
sole(arrows)
.
Page 256 of 759
300-8
SUSPENSION,
STEERING
AND
BRAKES-GENERAL
Tableb
.
Suspension
and
Steering
Troubleshooting
Symptom
1
Probable
cause
Repairs
(Repair
Groups
shown
in
bold)
Car
pulís
to
one
side,
wanders
a
.
Incorrect
tire
pressure
a
.
Check
and
correct
tire
pressures
.
020
b
.
Incorrect
wheel
alignment
b
.
Check
and
adjust
wheel
alignment
.
320
c
.
Faulty
brakes
(pulls
only
when
braking)
I
c
.
Check
for
sticking/damaged
front
caliper
.
340
Steering
heavy,
poor
return-
a
.
Worn
upper
strut
bearing(s)
a
.
Replace
strut
bearings
.
310
to-center
b
.
Incorrect
tire
pressure
b
.
Check
and
correct
tire
pressures
.
020
c
.
Power
steering
system
faulty
c
.
Check
power
steering
fluid
level
.
Test
system
pressure
.
320
Front-end
or
rear-end
vibra-
a
.
Worn
strut
cartridgesor
shock
absorbers
a
.
Replace
strut
cartridges
.
310,
330
tion
or
shimmy
b
.
Worn
suspension
bushings
(control
arm
or
trail-
b
.
Replace
worn
bushings
.
310,
330
ing
arm)
c
.
Worn
front
suspension
ball
joints
(control
arm,
c
.
Replace
worn
ball
joints
.
310
steering
arm
orsteering
tie-rod
end)d
.
Unbalanced
or
bent
wheels/tires
d
.
Balance
tires
.
Check
tiresfor
uneven
wear
pat-
terns
.
Check
wheels
for
damage
.
e
.
Loose
wheel
lug
boits
e
.
Tighten
lug
boits
to
proper
torque
.
Poor
stability,
repeated
bounc-
I
a
.
Worn
strut
cartridgesor
shock
absorbers
I
a
.
Replace
strut
cartridges
.
310,
330
ing
after
bumps,
suspension
bottoms
outeasily
Suspension
noise
(especially
a
.
Worn
front
upper
strut
bearings
a
.
Replaceupper
strut
bearings
.
310
over
bumps)
b
.
Loose
front
strut
cartridge
b
.
Check/tighten
strut
cartridge
collar
nut
.
310
c
.
Worn
suspensionbushings
(control
arm
or
trail-
c
.
Replace
worn
bushings
.
310,
330
ing
arm)d
.
Worn
stabilizer
bar
rubber
mounts
d
.
Replace
stabilizer
bar
rubber
mounts
.
310,
330
e
.
Loose
suspension
crossmember
e
.
Check
crossmember
for
damage
.
Tighten
mounting
boits
.
Uneven
ride
height
a
.
Incorrect
coil
springs
a
.
Measure
ride
height
and
replacesprings
as
re-
quired
.
310,
330
b
.
Bent
or
damaged
suspension
components
b
.
Inspect,
repair/replace
asnecessary
.
310,
330
c
.
Sagging
coil
springs
c
.
Measure
ride
height
and
replace
springs
as
re-
quired
.
310,
330
Wheel
noise,
continuous
I
a
.
Worn
wheel
bearing
I
a
.
Replacewheel
bearing
.
310,
330
growling,
may
be
more
notíce-
able
when
turning
Steering
loose,
imprecise
a
.
Incorrect
tire
pressure
a
.
Check
and
correct
tire
pressures
.
020
-
b
.
Loose
steering
gearmounting
bolt(s)
b
.
Inspect
and
tighten
boits
.
320
c
.
Worn
tie
rodend(s)
c
.
Replace
tie
rod(s)
and
align
wheels
.
320
d
.
Faulty
front
wheel
bearing
d
.
Replace
wheel
bearing
.
310
e
.
Worn
or
damaged
steering
gear
e
.
Adjust
or
replace
steering
gear
.
320
f
.
Worn
tires
f
.
Replace
tires
.
010
SUSPENSION
AND
STEERING
TROUBLESHOOTING
Page 257 of 759
GENERAL
310
Front
Suspension
GENERAL
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
........
.
310-1
FRONT
WHEEL
BEARINGS
..
.
.
.
.......
310-8
SHOCK
ABSORBERS
AND
SPRINGS
..
.
310-2
Front
wheel
bearing,
replacing
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
310-8
Strut
assembly,
removing
and
installing
.....
310-2
STABILIZER
BAR
..........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
310-9
Strut
assembly,
disassembling
Stabilizerbar,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
...
310-9
and
assembling
.
.
.
...
.
.....
.
.........
310-4
Ride
Height
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
........
.
310-4
SUBFRAME
CROSSMEMBER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
310-9
Subframe
crossmember,
CONTROL
ARMS
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.....
310-5
removing
and
installing
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
310-9
Control
arm,
removing
and
installing
....
..
310-5
Outer
control
arm
ball
joint,
replacing
Table
exce
t
M3
models
310-6
a
.
Front
Ride
Height
Specifications
..
.
.....
..
.
..
..
310-5
Control
arm
bushing,
replacing
.
.
.
...
.
.....
310-7
The
E36
front
suspension
is
shown
in
Fig
.
1
.
For
a
general
Specialservice
tools
arerequired
for
most
of
the
work
de-
description
of
the
front
suspension
and
components,
see
300
scribed
in
this
repair
group
.
Read
the
procedures
through
be-
Suspension,
Steering
and
Brakes-General
.
fore
beginning
any
job
.
Stabilizer
bar
Power
steering
fluid
cooler
Control
Strut
assembly
arm
Tierod
Fig
.
1
.
BMW
E36
front
suspension
.
(M3
suspension
shown
.
Others
are
similar
.)
FRONT
SUSPENSION
310-1
Steering
arm
0012132
GENERAL
Page 291 of 759
Brake
rotor,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
340-7
MASTER
CYLINDER
............
.
.
.
.
.
.
.340-7
Master
cylinder,
removing
and
installing
.
...
.
340-7
GENERAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
WARNING
-
"
Although
semi-metallic
and
metallic
Brake
friction
materials
in
Brake
pads
or
shoes
no
longer
con-
tain
asbestos,
they
produce
dangerous
dust
.
"
Brake
fluid
is
poisonous,
highly
corrosive
and
dangerous
to
the
environment
Wear
safety
glasses
and
rubber
gloves
when
working
with
Brake
fluid
.
Do
not
siphonBrake
fluid
with
your
mouth
.
Immediately
clean
away
any
fluid
spilled
on
painted
surfaces
and
wash
with
water,
asBrake
fluid
will
remove
paint
.
"
Always
use
new
Brake
fluid
froma
fresh,
un-
opened
container
.
Brake
fluid
will
absorb
mois-
ture
from
the
air
.
This
canlead
to
corrosion
problems
in
the
brakingsystem,
and
will
also
low-
er
the
Brake
fluid's
boiling
point
.
Dispose
of
Brake
fluid
properly
.
"
Do
notreuse
self-locking
nuts,bolts
or
fasteners
.
They
are
designed
to
be
used
only
once
and
may
failif
reused
.
Always
replace
them
with
new
self-
locking
fasteners
.
BMW
E36
models
areequipped
with
vacuum
power-assist-
ed
four-wheel
disc
brakes
with
an
integral
Antilock
Brake
Sys-
tem
(ABS)
.
Single-pistoncalipers
act
on
solid
or
vented
front
rotors
and
solid
rear
rotors
.
A
brake
pad
wear
sensor
for
each
axle
indicates
when
brake
padsneed
replacement
.
The
dual
drum-type
parking
brakesystem
is
integrated
with
the
rear
brake
rotors
.
NOTE-
M3
models
havevented
directional
Brake
rotors
on
the
rearaxle
as
well
ason
the
front
.
340
Brakes
BRAKES
340-1
GENERAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
.
.
.
..........
340-1
BRAKE
BOOSTER
.........
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
340-8
TROUBLESHOOTING
.......
.
......
.
...
340-1
Brake
booster,
removing
and
installing
....
.
.
340-8
PARKING
BRAKE
.
.....
.
...
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
340-10
BLEEDING
BRAKES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..........
340-3
Parking
brake,adjusting
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
340-10
Pressure
bleeding
brakes
Parking
brake
shoes,
removing
and
installing
.
340-11(except
cars
with
AST)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.340-3
Parking
Brake
cable,
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
340-11
BRAKE
PADS,
CALIPERS,
ANTILOCK
BRAKE
SYSTEM
(ABS)
.
.
.
.340-11
AND
ROTORS
..........
.
.......
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
340-3
ABS
System
Inspection
.
...
.
.......
.
.
.
..
340-12
Brake
pads,
replacing
............
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
340-4
ABS
wheel
speed
sensors,
replacing
.
.
.
.
..
340-12
Brake
caliper,
removing
and
installing
.
..
..
.
340-6
TABLES
a
.
Brake
System
Troubleshooting
.....
...
.
.
.....
.340-2
b
.
Brake
Rotor
Reconditioning
Specifications
.
.....
.340-7
Brakeperformance
is
mainly
affected
by
three
things
:
the
leve¡
and
condition
of
the
brake
fluid,
the
system's
abilíty
to
create
and
maintain
hydraulic
pressure,
and
the
condition
of
the
friction
components
.
Air
in
the
Brake
fluid
will
make
the
Brake
pedal
feel
spongy
during
braking
or
will
increase
the
Brake
pedalforce
required
to
stop
.
Fluid
contaminated
by
moisture
or
dirt
can
corrode
the
system
.
Inspect
the
Brake
fluid
inside
the
reservoir
.
Ifit
is
dirty
or
murky,
or
is
over
a
year
old,
the
fluid
should
be
replaced
.
Visually
check
the
hydraulic
system
startingat
the
master
cylinder
.
To
check
the
function
of
the
master
cylinder
hold
the
brake
pedal
down
hard
with
the
engine
running
.
The
pedal
should
feelsolid
and
stay
solid
.
If
the
pedal
slowly
falls
to
the
floor,
either
the
master
cylinder
is
leaking
internally,
or
fluid
is
leaking
externally
.
If
no
leaks
canbe
found,
the
master
cylin-
der
is
faulty
and
should
be
replaced
.
Check
all
Brake
fluid
lines
and
couplings
for
leaks,
kinks,
chafing
and
corrosion
.
Check
the
Brake
booster
by
pumping
the
Brake
pedal
ap-
proximately
10
times
with
the
engine
off
.
Hold
the
pedal
down
and
start
the
engine
.
The
pedal
should
fa¡¡
slightly
.
If
not,
check
for
any
visiblefaults
before
suspecting
a
faulty
brake
booster
.
Check
for
strong
vacuum
at
the
vacuum
hose
fitting
at
the
booster,
and
check
the
non-retum
valve
for
one-way
flow
.
Worn
or
contaminated
brake
pads
will
cause
poor
braking
performance
.
Oil-contaminated
or
glazed
pads
will
cause
stopping
distances
to
increase
.
Inspect
the
rotors
for
glazing,
discoloration
and
scoring
.
Steering
wheel
vibration
while
braking
at
speed
is
often
caused
by
warped
rotors,
but
can
also
be
caused
byworn
suspension
components
.
TROUBLESHOOTING
Page 292 of 759
340-2
BRAKES
When
troubleshooting,
keep
in
mind
that
tire
inflation,
wear
and
temperature
can
affect
braking
and
suspension
.
See310
Front
Suspension
for
more
information
on
front
suspension
parts
inspection
.
Table
a
lists
symptoms
of
brake
problems,
their
probable
causes,
and
suggested
corrective
actions
.
Table
a
.
Brake
System
Troubleshooting
Symptom
1
Probable
cause
1
Repairs
Brake
squeal
a
.
Incorrectly
installed
brake
pads
or
a
.
Check
component
installation
.
parking
brake
shoes
b
.
Brakepad
carriers
dirty
or
corroded
b
.
Remove
brake
pads
and
clean
calipers
.
c
.
Brake
pad
anti-rattle
springs
faulty
or
c
.
Install/replace
anti-rattle
springs
.
missing
d
.
Brakepads
heat-glazed
or
oil-soaked
d
.
Replace
brake
pads
.
Clean
rotors
.
Replace
leaking
calipers
as
required
.
e
.
Wheel
bearings
worn
(noise
most
e
.
Replace
worn
bearings
.
See310
Front
Suspension
pronounced
when
turning)
or
330
Rear
Suspension
.
Pedal
goes
to
f
loor
when
braking
a
.
Brake
fluid
leve¡
low
due
to
system
a
.
Check
fluidlevel
and
inspect
hydraulic
system
for
leaks
signs
of
leakage
.
Fill
and
bleed
system
.
b
.
Master
cylinder
faulty
I
b
.
Replacemaster
cylinder
.
Low
pedal
after
system
bleeding
1
a
.
Master
cylinder
faulty
1
a
.
Replace
master
cylinder
.
Pedal
spongy
or
brakes
work
only
a
.
Air
in
brake
fluid
a
.
Bleedsystem
.
when
pedal
is
pumped
b
.
Master
cylinder
faulty
(interna¡
return
b
.
Replacemaster
cylinder
.
spring
weak)
c
.
Leaking
line
or
hose
unions
c
.
Repair
or
replace
lines
and
hoses
.
Bleed
system
.
Excessive
braking
effort
a
.
Brake
pads
wet
a
.
Use
light
pedal
pressure
to
dry
pads
while
driving
.
b
.
Brake
pads
heat-glazed
oroil-soaked
b
.
Replace
brake
pads
.
Clean
rotors
.
Replace
leaking
calipers
.
c
.
Vacuum
booster
or
vacuum
hose
con-
c
.
Inspect
vacuum
lines
.
Test
vacuum
booster
and
re
nections
to
booster
faulty
place
as
required
.
Test
vacuum
non-return
valve
for
one-way
air
flow
.
Brakes
pulsate,
chatter
or
grab
a
.
Warped
brake
rotors
a
.
Resurface
or
replace
rotors
.
b
.
Brake
padsworn
b
.
Replace
brake
pads
.
c
.
Brake
pads
heat-glazed
or
oil-soaked
c
.
Replace
brake
pads
.
Clean
rotors
.
Replace
leaking
calipers
.
Uneven
braking,
car
pulís
to
one
a
.
Incorrect
tire
pressures
or
worn
tires
a
.
Inspect
tire
condition
.
Check
and
correct
tire
pres-
side,
rear
brakes
lock
sures
.
b
.
Brake
pads
on
one
side
of
car
heat-
b
.
Replace
brake
pads
.
Clean
rotors
.
Replace
leaking
glazed
or
oil-soaked
calipers
.
c
.
Caliper
or
brake
pads
binding
c
.
Clean
and
recondition
brakes
.
d
.
Worn
suspension
components
d
.
Inspect
for
worn
or
damaged
suspension
compo-
nents
.
See
310
Front
Suspension
or
330
Rear
Sus-
pension
.
Brakes
drag,
bind
or
overheat
a
.
Brake
caliper
or
brake
pads
binding
a
.
Clean
or
replace
caliper
.(
b
.
Master
cylinder
faulty
b
.
Replacemaster
cylinder
.
WARNING
-
On
cars
with
All
Season
Traction
(AST),
special
BMW
service
equipment
is
required
to
properly
bleed
the
ABS/AST
system
.
For
safety
reasons,
the
brake
system
on
carswith
ABS/AST
must
not
be
bled
using
the
procedures
described
inthis
repair
group
.
BLEEDING
BRAKES
Brake
bleeding
is
usually
done
for
one
of
two
reasons
:
Ei-
ther
to
replace
oíd
brake
fluid
as
part
of
routine
maintenance
or
to
expel
trapped
air
in
the
system
that
resulted
from
open-
ingthe
brake
hydraulic
system
during
repairs
.
BLEEDING
BRAKES
Alwaysuse
new
brake
fluid
from
an
unopened
container
.It
is
important
to
bleed
the
entire
system
when
any
part
of
the
hydraulic
system
has
been
opened
.
On
cars
not
equipped
with
traction
control
(AST),
brake
system
bleeding
should
be
done
with
a
pressure
bleeder
.
On
cars
with
AST,
brake
bleed-
ing
should
be
done
by
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
.
WARNING
-
On
cars
with
All
Season
Traction
(AST),
special
BMW
service
equipment
is
requíred
to
properly
bleed
the
ABS/AST
system
.
For
safetyreasons,
the
brake
system
on
carswith
ABS/AST
must
not
be
bled
using
the
procedures
described
inthís
repair
group
.
Page 293 of 759
When
bleeding
the
brakes,
startat
the
wheel
farthest
from
4
.
Close
bleeder
screw
and
release
brake
pedal
.
Refill
the
master
cylinder
and
progress
in
the
following
order
:
brake
fluid
reservoir
and
proceed
to
rear
left
wheel
.
"
right
rear
brake
5
.
Proceed
with
the
remaining
wheels
using
the
order
list-
"
left
rear
brake
ed
earlier
.
"
rightfront
brake
"
left
front
brake
Pressure
bleeding
brakes
(except
carswith
AST)
1
.
Top
off
brake
fluid
in
reservoir
and
connect
pressure
bleeder
to
reservoir
.
Connect
bleeder
hose
and
bottle
to
right
rearcaliper
bleeder
screw
.
Pressurize
system
to
approximately
1
bar
(14
.5
psi)
.
BRAKES
340-
3
Tightening
Torques
"
Bleeder
screws
:
7
mm
screw
..........
..
.
.
.
.
......
5
Nm
(4
ft-Ib)
9
mm
screw
..........
..
.
..
.......
6
Nm
(5
ft-Ib)
BRAKE
PADS,
CALIPERS,
AND
ROTORS
CAUTION-
TheE36
front
brake
caliper
is
shown
in
Fig
.
2
.
The
rear
Do
not
exceed
a
pressure
of
2
bar
(29
psi)
when
brake
caliper
is
shown
in
Fig
.
7
.
pressure
bleeding
the
brake
system
.
Excessive
pressure
will
damage
the
brake
fluid
reservoir
.
Brake
pads
canbe
replaced
without
disconnecting
the
brake
fluid
hose
from
the
caliper
or
having
to
bleed
the
brakes
.
2
.
Have
a
helperhold
brake
pedal
down
.
The
rotors
can
be
replaced
without
disassembling
the
wheel
huband
bearing
.
Always
machine
or
replace
rotors
in
parts
.
3
.
Open
bleeder
screw
.
See
Fig
1
.
Have
helper
slowly
,
Replace
pads
in
sets
.
pump
brakes
about10
times
with
bleeder
screw
open,
holding
pedal
down
on
the
last
pump
.
When
escaping
WARNING-
fluid
is
free
of
air
bubbles,
close
bleeder
screw
.
"
Althoughsemi-metallicandmetallicbrake
friction
materials
in
brake
pads
or
shoes
no
longer
con
CAUTION-
tain
asbestos,
they
produce
dangerous
dust
.
Bleeder
hose
must
alwaysremain
submersed
in
"
Treat
all
brake
dust
asa
hazardous
material
.
the
clean
brake
fluid
whenever
the
bleeder
valve
is
open
.
"
Do
not
create
dust
by
grinding,
sanding,
orclean-
ing
brake
friction
surfaces
with
compressed
air
.
"
Breathing
any
brake
dust
can
cause
serious
dis-
eases
such
as
cancer,
and
may
result
in
death
.
Brake
pads,
replacing
This
procedure
is
applicable
lo
both
front
and
rear
brakes
.
Front
and
rear
brake
assemblies
are
basically
the
same,
ex-
cept
that
the
rear
brake
rotors
house
the
parking
brake
mech-
anism
1
.
Raise
car
andremove
wheels
.
WARNING
-
Make
sure
thecar
is
firmly
supported
onjack
stands
designed
for
the
purpose
.
Place
the
jack
stands
be-
neath
a
structural
chassis
point
.
Do
not
place
jack
stands
undersuspension
parts
.
2
.
Remove
plastic
caps
from
guide
bolts
and
then
remove
guide
bolts
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
0012113
3
.
If
applicable,
disconnect
brake
pad
wear
sensor
con-
Fig
.
1
.
Brake
caliper
bleeder
screw
(arrow)
.
nector
and
remove
wiring
from
its
holder
.
4
.
Remove
anti-rattle
clip
from
caliper
.
See
Fig
.
4
.
BRAKE
PADS,
CALIPERS,
AND
ROTORS
Page 295 of 759
6
.
Remove
brake
pads
from
caliper
.
Where
applicable,
carefully
pry
pad
wear
sensor
from
pad
.
See
Fig
.
5
.
Fig
.
5
.
Removing
brake
pad
wear
sensor
.
7
.
Inspect
brake
caliper
for
signs
of
leakage
.
Check
that
the
caliper
piston
slides
smoothly
into
caliper
.
Replace
caliper
if
any
faults
are
found
.
CAUTION-
With
the
pads
removed,
residual
hydreulic
pres-
sure
may
cause
the
caliper
piston
to
slide
out
.
Use
a
wooden
block
to
hold
the
piston
in
place
.
8
.
fnsert
brake
pad
wear
sensor
into
cutout
in
new
pad
where
applicable
.
14
.
Place
inner
brake
pad
(with
locating
spring)
ontobrake
NOTE-
caliper
piston
.
Route
pad
wear
sensor
wiring
through
lf
the
brake
lining
indicator
light
illuminated
prior
to
caliper
opening
and
bleeder
dust
cap
.
brake
pad
replacement,
the
wear
sensor
should
be
re-
placed
.
15
.
The
remainder
of
installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
"
Do
not
lubricate
guide
boits
.
9
.
Slowly
press
piston
back
into
caliper
.
Use
cace
not
to
"
Once
brake
assembly
is
installed
depress
brakepedal
damage
piston
dust
sea¡
.
See
Fig
.
6
.
severa¡
times
before
driving
vehicle
.
NOTE-
"
Open
caliper
bleeder
screw
when
pressing
piston
Tightening
Torques
back
into
caliper
.
Catch
expelled
fluidin
appropriate
"
Brake
caliper
to
brake
pad
container
.
This
procedure
is
highly
recommended
in
carrier
(guide
bolt)
..........
...
.
.
30
Nm
(22
ft-Ib)
the
case
of
cars
with
ABS
.
"
Road
wheel
to
hub
.....
.
..
100±10
Nm
(74±7
ft-Ib)
"
Open
the
bleeder
screw
only
when
applying
force
to
the
piston
.
Do
not
allow
airto
be
drawn
in
through
the
bleeder
screw
.
"
Pressing
the
caliper
piston
in
may
cause
the
brake
flu-
id
reservoir
to
overflow
.
To
prevent
this,
use
a
clean
syringe
to
first
remove
some
fluid
from
the
reservoir
.
BRAKES
340-
5
0012157
Fig
.
6
.
Brake
caliper
piston
being
pressed
into
caliper
to
make
room
for
new
pads
.
Usea
rag
toprotect
caliper
piston
and
seals
.
10
.
Thoroughly
clean
inner
and
outer
surfaces
of
brake
ro-
tor
.
Inspect
rotor
for
cracks,
signs
of
overheating
and
0012156
scoring
.
11
.
Measure
thickness
of
rotor
.
See
Table
b
.
If
rotor
does
not
pass
minimum
thickness
requirements,
or
is
dam-
aged,
replace
as
described
later
.
12
.
Thoroughly
clean
all
contact
points
on
caliper
and
brake
pad
carrier
.
Clean
guide
bolts
and
make
surethey
slide
freely
13
.
Lightly
coat
pad
contact
points
with
brake
anti-squeal
paste
.
Place
outer
brake
pad
onto
caliper
.
Applya
small
amount
of
grease
to
thetop
and
bottom
contact
points
where
the
caliper
contacts
the
pad
carrier
.
BRAKE
PADS,CALIPERS,
ANDROTORS
Page 296 of 759
340-
6BRAKES
bolt~
Guide
bolt
caps
covers
Brake
caliper
Shoe
retaining
píns
Parking
brake
cable
Fig
.
7
.
Rear
brake
caliper
assembly
.
Caliper
guide
Brake
ad
bolts
,
Bleeder
valve
i
_
~wear
sénsor
®
and
dust
cap
(right
wheel
V
.
.,,,
Brake
caliper,
removing
and
installing
1
.
Raise
car
and
remove
wheel
.
WARNING
-
Make
sure
the
car
is
firmly
supported
on
jack
standsdesigned
for
the
purpose
.
2
.
Loosen
brake
hose
fitting
at
caliper
.
Do
not
remove
.
3
.
Remove
caliper
mounting
bolts
from
steering
arm
(Font
caliper)or
from
trailing
arm
(rear
caliper)
.
See
Fig
.
8
.
4
.
Press
piston
back
into
caliper
and
slide
caliper
off
brake
rotor
.
Spin
caliper
off
brake
hose
.
5
.
Inspect
brake
caliper
for
signs
of
leakage
.
Check
that
caliper
piston
slides
smoothly
into
caliper
.
Replace
cal-
iper
if
any
faults
are
found
.
6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Bleed
entire
brake
system
before
driving
car
.
See
Bleeding
Brakes
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Front
brake
caliper
to
steering
arm
..
110
Nm
(81
ft-Ib)
"
Rear
brake
caliper
to
trailing
arm
....
67
Nm
(50
ft-Ib)
"
Brake
fluid
hose
to
caliper
....
17-19
Nm
(13-14
ft-Ib)
"
Road
wheel
to
hub
........
100±10
Nm
(74±7
ft-Ib)
BRAKE
PADS,CALIPERS,
ANDROTÓRS
Cover
Caliper
!
Brake
pad
Oringiston
carne
-
p
Circli
©
ot~
AV
~:
Z
1vo~
Spring
and
spring
retainer
uust
seas
~~
Aniráttle
j),
Brake
spring
Shoe
pads
_
_
adjuster
per
return
nf
MIL
Rotor
with
integrated
parking
brake
drum
6573
0011256
Fig
.
8
.
Front
brake
pad
carrier
mounting
bolts
(arrows)
.
Rear
caliper
mounting
bolts
are
similar
.