Car engin BMW 528i 1997 E39 Workshop Manual

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320-7
Steering and Wheel ~liqnmentl
STEERING WHEEL
Steering wheel, removal and installation
WARNING -
The BMWairbag system (Supplemental Restraint System or
SRS) is complex. Special precautions must be observed
when servicing. Serious injury may result if
SRS system serv-
ice is
attempted by persons unfamiliar with the BMW SRS
and its approved service procedures. BMW specifies that all
inspection andservice should be preformed by an authorized
BMW dealer.
E39 cars may come with either one of two different styles of
steering wheel:
Multifunction (MFL) steering wheel
* Sport steering wheel
4 Multifunction (MFL) steering wheel components:
1. Cruise control 1 radio 1 telephone electrical harness
2. Horn button electrical harness
3. Airbag electrical harness
4. Radio / telephone control switch set
5. Air bag
6. Cruise control switch set
Sport steering wheel
3
5 0021413
4 Sport steering wheel components:
1. Switch carrier
2 Steering wheel switch set electrical harness
3. Airbag
4. Lower cover
5. Horn button and airbag electrical harness
- Center steering wheel. Make sure front wheels are pointed
straight ahead.
- Disconnect negative (-) cable from battery.
CA UTIOP&
Prior to disconnecting the battern read the battew discon-
nection cautions given in
001 General Cautions and
Warnings.
-

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320-8
Steering and Wheel Alignment
4 MFL steering wheel: Loosen 2 airbag mounting fasteners
(Torx T27 or T30) located at rear of steering wheel (arrow).
4 Sport steering wheel:
Insert screwdriver through opening in rear of steering
wheel and push against spring tension to release
airbag.
Repeat procedure on other side of steering wheel.
- Carefully lift airbag from steering wheel and disconnect elec-
trical harnesses from
back side of unit. Refer to component
illustrations above. Also see
721 Airbag System (SRS).
Improper handling of the airbag could cause serious injury.
Store the
airbag with the horn pad facing up. If stored facing
down, accidental deployment couldpropel it violently into the
Avoid damaging the variety of convenience switches, such
as radio and cruise controls, installed in the steering wheel of
4 Remove steering wheel center bolt (arrow).

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Check for proper alignment of steering column marks (ar-
row) before removing steering wheel.
NOTE-
The steering column and steering wheel are match marked
at the factory
Remove lower steering column trim panel. See Steering col-
umn trim, removing
and replacing.
Working underneath steering column, disconnect electrical
harnesses (A) and
(B).
Remove steering wheel.
When reinstalling steering wheel:
Align steering wheel and column match
marks.
Align steering wheel to alignment pins located on steering
column switch block.
Install steering column center bolt. Do not over-torque.
Carefully install
airbag. See 721 Airbag System (SRS).
Tightening torques
Steering wheel to steering
shaft (M14) 63 Nm (47 ft-lb)
Airbag to steering wheel (MFL only) 8 Nm (6 ft-lb)

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I Steering and Wheel Alignment
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Replace shear bolts at steering column mounting bracket.
Tighten until bolt heads shear off.
Make sure
interlock cable snaps into place.
When installing column top trim panel, replace expansion
nut for trim retaining screw.
NOTE-
The steering angle sensor must be coded using a BMW scan
tool if it has been replaced.
A steering angle offset check
must then be carried out using the same
BMW scan tool.
CAUTION-
Check steering system for freedom of movement through en-
tire steering column
adiustment range.
Tightening torques Steering shaft coupler
to steering shaft 25 Nm (18 ft-lb)
(replace bolt)
Steering column to body
22 Nm (16 ft-lb)
Steering column adjustment motors,
removing and installing
Remove lower dash panel mounting fasteners (A) and (B).
- Lower panel and disconnect wiring harness from back side.
- Remove steering column lower trim panel. See Steering col-
umn trim, removing and replacing.
- Disconnect electrical harness from motor.
Remove motor mounting fasteners (arrows)
Slide motor to side and forward to remove.
Installation is reverse of removal.

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Steering and Wheel Alignment
Power assist is provided by a belt-driven pump at the lower
left front of the engine. The power steering fluid reservoir is lo-
cated at the left side of the engine compartment.
Power steering pump, removing and
installing
When working with power steering components, absolute
cleanliness is needed to ensure proper operation of the hy-
- Empty power steering fluid reservoir using clean syringe. Do
not reuse fluid.
- Raise front of car. Remove splash shield from under engine.
WARNING-
Make sure the car is firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural
chassis points. Do not place jack stands under suspension
Darts.
Remove drive belt from power steering pump. See
020 Main-
tenance.
Remove alternator cooling duct
Remove fluid hoses from pump. Plug openings in pump and
hose ends.
Remove pump front mounting bolts
(A).
Remove fluid line support bracket (B)
Remove pump rear mounting bolt (arrow)
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Make sure all thread bores, bolts, nuts, fluid couplings and
mating
surfaces are clean, and inside surface of multi-
ribbed-belt is free of grease and dirt.
Use new sealing washers when reattaching power steer-
ing pressure lines.
Make sure hoses have adequate clearance from chassis.
Install front pump fasteners.

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i Steering and Wheel Alignment
RACK AND PINION STEERING
(6-CYLINDER MODELS)
Refer to the steering components illustration when perform-
ing the procedures below.
Rack and pinion steering
components
(6-cylinder models)
1. Power steering fluid reservoir
2. Fluid supply line
3. Power steering pump
4. Copper sealing ring
5. Banjo bolt MI4
6. Banjo bolt MI6
7. Power steering rack
8. Fluid return line
9. Pressurized fluid line
10. Steering fluid cooler
11. Rack boot components
12. Tie rod nut
13. Washer
14. Outer tie rod end
15. Tie rod locking ring
16. Outer tie rod end loclc nut
17. Inner tie rod
18. Hydraulic control valve
Steering rack, removing and installing
- Remove steering wheel as described earlier.
- Raise front of car, and remove front wheels.
WARNING -
Male sure the car is firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural
chassis points. Do
not place jack stands under suspension
parts.
- Remove splash shield from under engine.
- Remove right and lefl engine mount fasteners
-" ., - , . ,

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Steering and Wheel ~lignmentl
Remove lower steering column flexible joint pinch bolt (ar-
row). Pull flexible joint off steering rack shaft.
Remove steering rack mounting bolts. Remove steering
raclc
from subframe by pulling it to left.
Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Make sure all thread bores, bolts, nuts, splines and mating
surfaces are clean.
Use new steering rack mounting bolts. Tighten in two stag-
es. Note tightening instructions in torque table below.
Use anti-seize paste on inner tie rod threads.
Use new self-loclting nuts wherever applicable.
Use keved
comDonents to reassemble steerino column
flexible\oint to ;teering raclt shaft. u
Use new bolt at steering shaft coupling.
Use new sealing O-rings on banjo fittings.
Do not over-torque banjo bolts.
Fill and bleed power steering system as described earlier.
Use tie rod measurement previously made (measurement
A) to temporarily set toe.
Have car professionally aligned.
Tightening torques Hydraulic lines to steering rack (use new O-ring
seals)
M14 banjo bolt 35 Nrn (26 ft-lb)
. M16 banjo bolt 40 Nm (30 ft-lb)
Steering shaft coupling
to rack (use new bolt) 19 Nm (14 it-lb)
Steering rack to subframe (use new bolts)
- initial torque 50 Nm (37 ft-lb)
Torque angle 90"
Tie rod
to Steering knuckle (replace self-locking
65 Nm (48 ft-lb)
nut)
- to Steering rack 71 Nm (52 ft-ib)
Outer tie rod end lock nut
51 Nm (38 ft-lb)

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--. --
Steering and Wheel Alignment
Steering rack boot, replacing
- Remove outer tie rod end. See Tie rod (outer), replacing
- Cut rack boot band clamps and remove boot.
- Cut rack boot band clamp and slide bellows back. Inspect
boot for any sign of damage. Replace
if necessary.
NOTE-
New rack boot lit comes with new band clamp.
- Grease tie rod taper so that small end of rack boot slides on
tie rod when tie rod is tightened, preventing raclc boot from
twisting.
- Slide new boot into position and replace band clamps
Tie rod (outer), replacing
LOCI( nut Locking ring
- Raise front of car. Remove road wheel
WARNING-
Male sure caris firmly suppoiiedon jackstands designed for
the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural chassis
ooints. Do not olace iack stands under
susoension oaiis.
4 Make reference measurement (A) of outer tie rod end to tie
rod. Record measurement.
NOTE-
Accurate measurement of the tie rod end with reference to
the tie rod will help approximate correct
wheel alignment
when new parts are installed.
Note correct placement of inner taper on
loclcing ring.
Loosen outer tie rod end
loclc nut (arrow).
Remove tie rod lock nut from steering
ltnuclcle.
Press tie rod out of steering knuckle using BMW
31 2 240 or equivalent. special tool
Unscrew tie rod end from tie rod shaft.

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Steering and Wheel Alignment
- lnstallation is reverse of removal.
Make sure all threaded parts are clean.
Use anti-seize paste on inner tie rod threads.
Use new self-locking nuts, where applicable.
Use tie rod measurement
(A) to set toe temporarily.
Have car professionally aligned.
Tightening torque
Tie rod
to steering itnuckle (replace seii-loclting nut) 65 Nm ( 46 ft-lb)
Outer tie rod end ioclt nut 51 Nm (38 ft-ib)
Tie rod (inner), replacing
- To replace inner tie rod, first remove outer tie rod end. See
Tie rod (outer), replacing.
- Cut rack boot clamps and slide bellows back
4 Loosen and remove inner tie rod shafl from steering rack with
special tool
32 2 110.
NOTE-
To avoid damage to steering rack while removing tie rod, turn
steering until end of rack is as far as possible inside rack
housing.
- When reassembling, grease tie rod taper so that rack boot
support buffer or small end of rack boot slides on tie rod when
tie rod is tightened, preventing rack boot from twisting.
- Inspect boot for any signs of damage. Replace boot if neces-
sary, using new clamps.
NOTE-
New rack boot comes with new band clamps
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Make sure all threaded parts are clean
Replace self-locking nuts.
Install outer tie rod end to new tie rod. Use tie rod measure-
ment
(A) to set toe temporarily.
Have car professionally aligned.

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Steering and Wheel ~li~nrnentl
Steering gearbox, removing and installing
- Disconnect negative (-) battery cable. See 020 Mainte-
nance.
CAUTION-
Prior to disconnecting the battew read the battery discon-
nection cautions given in
001 General Cautions and
Warnings.
- Remove airbag unit from steering wheel. See 721 Airbag
System (SRS).
WARNING -
Improper handling of the airbag could cause serious injury
Store the
airbag with the horn pad facing up. If stored lacing
down, accidental deployment couldpropel it violently info the
air, causing
injuv
- Remove steering wheel as described earlier.
- Drain power steering system reservoir.
- Raise front of car.
WARNING -
Make sure the car is firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural
chassis points. Do not place jack stands under suspension
Darts.
- Remove heat shield from left side of subframe.
- Remove fluid hoses from top of steering gearbox. Immedi-
ately plug all fluid openings.
Remove and discard
pitman arm self-loclting nut (arrow).