Crankshaft BMW 540i 1997 E39 Owners Manual

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
130-68
Fuel Injection
0
4 The ME 7.2 uses a non-return fuel rail. The fuel pressure reg-
ulator is integrated into the fuel filter.
I iY.,lii,in
4 The M62 TU engine uses a continuously variable VANOS
system at each intake camshaft. This system enhances en-
gine performance and reduces tailpipe emissions. Both cam-
shafts are adjusted simultaneously within
20" (maximum) of
the camshafts rotational axis. This equates to a maximum
span of
40°crankshaft rotation.
regulalor from luel pump
NOTE-
The fuel filter is available as a replacement part without the
fuel pressure regulator. When replacing the fuel filter, trans-
fer the fuel pressure regulator from the old
filter to the new fil-
ter.
Engine idle speed control is a function of the EDK. The M62
TU engine does not use a separate idle control valve.
Mmn CON,ROL
EML
< The M62 TU engine uses an electrically controlled throttle
valve called EDK. The throttle plate is positioned by a DC
gear reduction motor based on inputs signals to the ECM
from the pedal position sensor (PWG).
When the accelerator pedal is moved, the PWG provides a
change in the monitored signals. The ME
7.2 control module
compares the input signal to a programmed map and appro-
priately activates the EDK motor via proportional pulse width
modulated control signals. The control module self-checks its
activation of the EDK motor via the EDK feedbaclc
potentiom-
eters.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
I Fuel Injection
Connector X60003 (continued) Electric throttle actuator
25
- 27 28
29
30
31
32
33
I I I
36 jlnput I Knoclc sensor 2, signal 1 Knock sensor
I I I
Input
26
Output
Output
input
Output
Input
I ' I . I
43 1 ln~ut I Electric throttle actuator, signal (Electric throttle actuator
Ground, electric throttle actuator
1 Not
used
Hot film mass air flow sensor
34
- 37
38
39
40
41
42
injection signal
Injection
signal
VANOS valve, signal
Not used
Thermostat characteristic map, signal
Crankshaft position sensor, signal
Not used
35 l~round I~nock sensor, shield 1 ~nock sensor
Cylinder
8 fuel injection valve
Cylinder
5 fuel injection valve
VANOS valve, cylinders
1-4
Characteristic map
Crankshaft positionlrpm sensor
input
input
Ground
Input
Output
Output
Innut
Hot film mass air flow sensor, signal
I
44
45 46
47
48
49
50
51
52
Connector )(GO004
Knock sensor 4, signal
Knock sensor, shield
Oil
level (thermal)
Injection, signal
Injection, signal
Electric throttle actuator, signal
Not used
Ground
Crankshaft position sensor, signal
Not used
Knoclc sensor, shield
Knock sensor
1, signal
Knock sensor
3, signal
Knock sensor, shield
Secondary air injection pump valve, signal
'
Ground
Input
Ground
input Input
Ground
Input
I' I ... I . ~
Knock sensor
Knocic sensor
Oil level sensor
Cylinder
4 fuel injection valve
Cylinder
1 fuel injection valve
Electric throttle actuator
Crankshaft sensor shield
Crankshaft
positionlrprn sensor
Knock sensor
Knock sensor
Knock sensor
Knock sensor
Secondary air injection pump valve
Notes
Instrument cluster
Integrated instrument cluster control
Secondary air injection pump
relay
Pin
1
2
3
Electric (auxiliary) cooling fan 4
Type
Output
Output
Outout
Descriptionlsignal type
Charge indicator signal (terminal
61)
Voltage signal, terminal 30h
Secondam air pump relay, activation
Input
5
Signal, electric (auxiliary) cooling fan, signal
I~ot used

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
- Raise and safely support vehicle
WARNING-
Make sure the car is stable and well supporied at all times.
Use a professional automotive /iff orjack stands designed for
the
ournose. A floor jack is not adeouate suooort.
- If necessary, remove transmission splash shield.
- Disconnect fluid line from slave cylinder on lefl side of trans-
mission. Place pan under hose to catch dripping fluid.
4 Working underneath transmission, remove slave cylinder
mounting nuts (arrow) from clutch housing and remove
cylinder.
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Check for wear on slave cylinder. Any wear except on tip is
caused by misalignment of clutch components.
Lightly coat
pushrod tip with molybdenum disulfide grease
(MolyltoteIB Longterm or equivalent).
. During installation be sure pushrod tip engages recess in
clutch release lever.
Fill fluid reservoir with clean fluid.
. Bleed clutch hydraulics as described earlier.
Tightening
toraues - -.
Clutch slave cylinder to transmission 22 Nm (16 R-lb)
Fluid line to slave cylinder 17 Nm (13 ft-lb)
The transmission must be removed from the engine to access
the clutch mechanical components. It is recommended that
the clutch disc, pressure plate and release bearing be re-
placed during a clutch overhaul.
Besure tocheck the bottom of the bellhousing foroil. If engine
oil is found, check for a faulty rear crankshaft main oil seal.
See
119 Lubrication for rear main seal replacement.
Clutch variations
Two versions of the clutch are used:
1997 528i (6 cylinder) uses traditional clutch components.
All
540i (V-8) and 1998 and later 6 cylinder models from
use a self-adjusting clutch (SAC).

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
21 0-1 2
Clutch
Release bearing
Release
bearin
- lnspect flywheel for scoring, hot spots, cracks or loose or
worn guide pins. If any faults are found, replace flywheel as
described later.
- lnspect transmission pilot bearing in end of crankshaft. The
bearing should rotate smoothly without play. If necessary,
replace as described later.
4 lnspect and clean release bearing lever. Apply a thin coat of
grease to release bearing lever lubrication points (arrows).
Clean and lightly lubricate clutch disc splines and transmis-
sion input
shaft splines.
4 Checlc release bearing ball stud and spring retainer. Replace
if damaged or worn.
CAUTION--
On S6S 420G transmission, always replace release bearing
ball stud and retainer spring.
- Clean release bearing guide sleeve.
CA U TIOG
Do not grease guide sleeve. If guide sleeve is greased,
release bearing may stick to it.
Flywheel, removing and installing
(6 cylinder engine)
- lnspect flywheel for scoring, hot spots, cracks or loose or
worn guide pins. Replace flywheel if any faults are found.
Lock flywheel with BMW special tool
11 2 170. Remove
pressure plate and clutch disc as described earlier.
- Loosen and remove flywheel mounting bolts. Remove
flywheel.
- Clean flywheel bolt threads in crankshaft.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
Checlc flywheel location dowel
and correct installation. sleeve (arrow) for
damage
4 When installing dual-mass flywheel, position dowel sleeve
next to two locating notches
(arrows).
- Install flywheel using new self-locking bolts,
Tightening torque Flywheel to cranltshaft
(use new self-locking bolts)
120 Nm (89 ft-lb)
Use new self-lock~ng bolls lo rnslall llylvheel Do not reuse llle
old slrelch-lype bolls Do nor rnsrall bolls wrlh Loct~lo@ or srm-
I ilar thread licking compound. 1
Flywheel, removing and installing
(V-8 engine)
- Inspect flywheel for scoring, hot spots, cracks or loose or
worn guide pins. Replace flywheel if any faults are found.
4 Loclcflywheel with BMW special tool 11 2 070. Remove pres-
sure plate and clutch disc as described earlier.
- Use BMW special tool 11 4 180 (Ton. T60) to loosen and re-
move flywheel mounting bolts. Remove flywheel.
- Clean flywheel bolt threads in crankshaft

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
210-1 4
1 Clutch
Dowel sleeve I
Check flywheel location
and correct installation. dowel sleeve
(arrow)
for . damage
< When installing dual-rnass flywheel, position dowel sleeve
next to two locating notches (arrows).
- Lightly oil flywheel mounting bolt threads and torque to
specification.
Tightening torque
Flywheel to crankshaft 105 Nm (77 ft-lb)
CAUTIOI\C
Do not reinstall flywheel bolls with LoctiteCTJ or similar thread
locl~ing compound.
- Install transm~ssion as descr~bed in 230 Manual Transmis-
sion.
4 If flywheel was replaced, check pulse sensor (arrow) for cor.
rect installation depth.
- Remove pulse sensor.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
21 0-1 5
Clutch
Use crankshaft pulley bolt to rotate engine in direction of ro-
tation until a full pulse tooth
(arrow) is centered in pulse sen-
sor opening.
Measure depth from pulse sensor mounting surface on trans-
mission to top of tooth.
Q Measure length (A) of pulse sensor from mounting surface to
end.
- Subtract length of pulse sensor (A) from distance to pulse
tooth from mounting area on transmission. This resulting
measurement is the pulse sensor air gap. Use shims avail-
able from
BMW to adjust air gap to specification.
Pulse air sensor gap
End of sensor to flywheel teeth 0.55 i-0.2 rnrn
(0.0217 i0.0079 in)
Transmission input shaft pilot bearing,
replacing
- Remove clutch as described earlier.
4 Remove pilot bearing from end of crankshaft using BMW
special tool 11 2 340 or equivalent puller.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
Self-adjusting clutch (SAC), breaking in
With normal driving, 800 to 1000 gearshifts are required to
break in the clutch.
Break in the SAC gradually, with light to medium loads, to en-
sure correct operation and long life. Fast sports driving ma-
neuvers may destroy a new
clutch.The following break-in
procedure helps to create the correct coefficient of friction.
Drive normally on level grade. Starting speeds on level
grade may be up to 2000 rpm.
Upshift and downshift through all the gears at 3500
- 4000
rpm.
On medium grades (approx. 12% and up), start
off at ap-
prox. 2500 rpm for the first 5 or so times.
Tightening torques
Clutch slave cylinder to transmission case 22 Nm (16 It-lb)
Clutch master cylinder to pedal cluster 10 Nm (89 in-lb)
Bralte fluid line to clutch master or slave cylinder 17 Nm (13 ft-lb)
Transmission to engine
M8 (Torx) 22 Nm (16 fl-lb)
. M1O (Torx) 43 Nm (32 ft-lb)
MI2 (Torx) 72 Nm (53 it-lb)
Flywheel to crankshaft
6 cylinder engine (use new self-loclting bolts) 105 Nm (77 ft-lb)
V-8 engine 105 Nm (77 ft-lb)
Clutch to flywheel
M8 (8.8 grade)
M8 (10.9 grade) 24
Nm
(18 ft-lb)
34 Nm (25 ft-lb)

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
On-Board Diagnostics
Catalyst monitoring. Thisstrategy monitors the outputofthe
precatalyst and post-catalyst oxygen sensors, comparing the
oxygen content going into the catalytic converter to the
oxygen leaving the converter.
The diagnostic executive
lknows that most of the oxygen
should be used up during the oxidation phase. If it detects
higherthan programmed values, afault is set and the MIL
illuminates.
Misfire detection. This strategy monitors crankshaft speed
fluctuations and determines if an enoine misfire occurs bv
monitoring variations in speed between each crankshaft
sensortrigger point. This strategy is so finely tuned that it can
determine the severity of the misfire.
The system determines
if a misfire is occurring, as well as
other pertinent misfire
information such as:
Specific
cylinder(s)
Severity of the misfire event
Emissions relevant or catalyst damaging
Misfire detection is an on-going monitoring process that is
only disabled under certain limited conditions.
Secondary air injection monitoring. Secondary air
injection is used to reduce HC and CO emissions during
engine warm up. Immediately following a cold engine start
(-1 0" to 40°C), fresh air (and therefore oxygen) is pumped
directly into the exhaust
manifold. By injecting additional
oxygen into the exhaust manifold, catalyst warm-up time is
reduced.
Secondary air system components are:
Electric air injection pump
* Electric pump relay
* Non-return valve
Vacuum
I vent valve
- Stainless steel air injection pipes
Vacuum reservoir
The secondary air system is monitored via the use
of the pre-
catalyst oxygen sensors. Once the air pump is active and air
is injected into the system, the signal at the oxygen sensor
reflects a lean condition. If the oxygen sensor signal does not
change, a fault is set and the faulty
bank(s) identified. If after
completing the next cold startafault is again present, the MIL
illuminates.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine
On-Board ~ia~nosticsl
Engine diagnostic trouble codes: M54 engine (continued) I -.
P-code BMW-FC Explanation
PO223 113 ThrottlelPedal Position SensorlSwitch '0' Circuit High
PO261 / Cylinder 1 Injector Circuit Low
PO271 Cylinder 4 Injector Circuit High
PO273 Cylinder 5 Injector Circuit Low
Cylinder 2 Injector Circuit High
Cylinder 3 Injector Circuit
Low
Cylinder 3 Injector Circuit High
Cylinder 4
iniector Circuit Low
PO265
PO267
PO268
PO270
, I
PO277 1 23 1 Cylinder 6 Injector Circuit High
5
22
22
24
I I
PO274
PO301
PO302
PO303
PO304
PO276 1 23 I Cylinder 6 Injector Circuit Low
33
I
I -
I I
PO31 3 1 240 I Misfire Detected with Low Fuel Cylinder 5 Injector Circuit High
238
239
240
241
PO305
I I
Cylinder 1 Misfire Detected
Cylinder 2 Misfire Detected
Cylinder 3 Misfire Detected
Cylinder 4 Misfire Detected
PO313
PO306 1 243 I Cylinder 6 Misfire Detected
242
PO313
PO313
PO31 3
PO327
Cylinder 5 Misfire
Detected
PO31 3 1239 I Misfire Detected with Low Fuel
238
PO332
PO335
PO339 - PO340
Misfire Detected with Low Fuel
241
242
243
57
PO344
PO365
PO369
PO41 3
PO414
PO420
Misfire Detected with Low Fuel
Misfire Detected with Low Fuel
Misfire Detected with Low Fuel
Knock Sensor 1 Circuit Low
(Banlc 1 or Sinale Sensor)
59
83
83
65
-
Knoclc Sensor 2 Circuit Low (Banlc 2)
Crankshaft Position Sensor
'A' Circuit
Crankshaft Position Sensor
'A' Circuit Intermittent
Camshaft Position Sensor 'A' Circuit (Bank 1 or Single Sensor)
65
18
18
62
62
233 Camshaft Position Sensor
'A' Circuit Intermittent (Bank 1
or Single Sensor)
Camshaft Position Sensor
'B' Circuit (Banlc 1)
Camshaft Position Sensor 'B' Circuit Intermittent (Bank 1)
Secondary Air Injection System Switching Valve A Circuit Open
Secondary Air
Injection System Switching Valve A Circuit Shorted
Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)