Ac system BMW 540i 1998 E39 Workshop Manual

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Exhaust System
M52 engine
(5281 1997-1 998)
1. Exhaust manifolds
2. Sealing washer
3. Plug
4. Gasket (manifold to cylinder
head)
5. Clamping sleeve
6. Post-catalytic converter oxygen sensor
7. Pre-catalytic converter oxygen
sensor
8. Hanger
9. Rear muffler
10. Vibration dampener
11. Center support bracket
12. Clamping sleeve
13. Front pipe with catalytic
converters
14. Hanger
15. Center muffler
16. Gasket (front pipe to manifold)

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I Exhaust System
M52 TU and M54 engines
(528i 1999-2000
and 525i 2001-2003)
1. Transmission bracket
2. Center support bracket
3. Front muffler
4. Clamping sleeve
5. Vibration dampener
6. Hanger
7. Rear muffler
8. Hanger
9. Center muffler
10. Oxygen sensors, post-catalytic
converter
11. Oxygen sensors, pre-catalytic
converter
12. Exhaust manifoldlcatalytic
converter assemblies

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Exhaust systeml
M54 engine
(5301 2001-2003)
Clamping sleeve
Front muffler Rear muffler
Hanger
Vibration dampener
Clamping sleeve
Center muffler
Hanger
Gasket (front pipe to manifold)
10. Exhaust
manifold/catalytic
converter assemblies
11. Oxygen sensors, post-catalytic converter
12. Oxygen sensors, pre-catalytic converter

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I Exhaust System
M62 engine
(540i 1997-1 998)
1. Right side catalytic converters
2. Support bracket
3. Support bracket
4. Center muffler
5. Hanger
6. Rear muffler
7. Clamping sleeve
8. Oxygen sensors, post-catalytic
converter
9. Oxygen sensors, pre-catalytic
converter
10. Left side catalytic converter
11. Sealing rings
12. Left front exhaust manifold
13. Left rear exhaust manifold
14. Gasket
15. Exhaust manifold, right front
16. Exhaust manifold, right rear

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Exhaust systeml
M62 TU engine
(540i 1999-2003)
1. Oxygen sensors, pre-catalytic
converter
(2)
2.
Oxygen sensors, post-catalytic
converter
(2)
3.
Hanger
4. Rear muffler
5. Clamping sleeve
6. Hanger
7. Center muffler
8. Clamping sleeve
9. Catalytic converter, left side
10. Catalytic converter, right side
11. Exhaust manifoldlcatalytic
converter,
left side
12. Gasket (2)
13.
Gasket (2)
14.
Exhaust manifoldlcatalytic
converter, right side

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210 Clutch
........................... General .21 0.2
........................ Special tools .21 0.2
Clutch Hydraulics ................. .21 0.4
Clutch hydraulic system.
bleeding and flushing
................. .21 0.4
Clutch master cylinder. replacing
........ .21 0.6
Clutch slave cylinder. replacing ......... .21 0.8 Flywheel. removing
and installing
................... (6 cylinder engine) 210-12
Flywheel. removing and installing
(V-8 engine) ....................... 21 0-1 3
Transmission pilot bearing. replacing .... 210-1 5
Clutch. installing (non-SAC components) . 210-1 6
Clutch. installing (new SAC components)
. 21 0-17
Clutch.
install in^ (used SAC components) 210-19
Clutch Mechanical ................. .21 0.9 self-adjusting crutch (SAC). breaking in : . 210-21
..................... Clutch variations .21 0.9
................... Clutch. removing .21 0.1 1
Clutch components. inspecting
........ .21 0.1 1

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Tool for bleeding clutch hydraulics (Tool No. 21 5 030)
21 5 030 I
The clutch is hydraulically actuated by the master and slave
cylinders. With the self-adjusting clutch
(SAC), clutch disc
wear is automatically taken up through the self-adjusting
pressure plate springs, making pedal feel consistent through-
out the life of the clutch.
A soft or spongy feel to the clutch pedal, long pedal free-play,
or grinding noises
from the gears while shifting can all indi-
cate problems with the clutch hydraulics. In these circum-
stances it is best to
star? with a clutch fluid flush, followed, if
necessary, by replacement of the hydraulic parts.
NOTE-
The clutch hydraulic system shares the fluid reservoir and flu-
id with the brake hydraulic system.
Clutch hydraulic system,
bleeding and flushing
If the clutchlbralte fluid is murky or muddy, or has not been
changed within the last two years, flush the system and
change the fluid. Flushing the old fluid from the clutch lines is
done using a bralte system pressure bleeder.
- Remove brake fluid reservoir cap. Using a clean syringe, re-
move brake fluid from reservoir. Refill reservoir with clean
DOT
4 bralte fluid.
Worlting inside engine compartment, remove left
interiorven-
tilation filter housing:
Release 3 plastic taps
(A) on duct. Earlier models use a
single release latch.
Rotate duct inward to remove.
Disconnect electrical harness to hood position switch.
Remove filter housing cover.
Release spring lock
(B) on interior ventilation housing and
remove housing.

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Anach pressure brake bleeder to fluid reservoir and pump
bleeder a few times to pressurize hydraulic fluid system.
CAUTION-
* Do not exceed 2 bar (29 psi) pressure at the fluid resenfoil
when bleeding or flushing the hydraulic system.
Brake fluid is poisonous, highly corrosive and danger-
ous to the environment. Wear safety glasses and
rub-
bergloves when working with brake fluid. Do not siphon
brale fluid with your mouth. Immediately clean away
any fluid spilled on painted surfaces and wash with wa-
ter, as brale fluid will remove paint.
Always use new brake fluid from a fresh, unopened
container.
Brake fluid will absorb moisture from the air.
This can lead to corrosion problems in the clutch and
brake hydraulic systems, ;nd will also lower the brake
fluid boiling point. Dispose of brale fluid properly.
- Raise and safely support vehicle.
WARNING-
Make sure the car is stable and well supported at all times.
Use a professional automotive lift orjackstands designed for
the purpose. A floor
iack is not adequate support.
- If necessary, remove transmission splash shield.
Hydraulic system, bleeding
Worlting underneath transmission, connect a hose from
clutch slave cylinder bleeder valve
(arrow) to a container.
Open bleeder valve and allow bralte fluid to expel until
clean fluid comes out, free of air bubbles.
Close bleeder valve and disconnect pressure bleeding
equipment from fluid reservoir.
Slowly operate clutch pedal about
10 times. Fill reservoir
with clean fluid as necessary.
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21 0-6
1 Clutch
Hydraulic system, bleeding
(using
BMW special tool 21 5 030)
4 Working underneath transmission, remove slave cylinder
mounting nuts (arrow) from clutch housing and remove
cylinder. Leave fluid line attached.
4 Use BMW special tool 21 5 030 to press slave cylinder push-
rod completely into slave cylinder.
Hold slave cylinder so that bleeder valve is at highest point.
Open bleeder valve and allow brake fluid to expel until
clean fluid comes out, free of air bubbles.
* Close bleeder valve and disconnect pressure bleeding
equipment from fluid reservoir.
Slowly unscrew and detach special tool 21
5 030 from
slave cylinder.
CAUTION-
Do not remove tool if hydraulic system is pressurized.
- Reinstall slave cylinder.
Tightening torque Slave cylinder to transmission case
22 Nm (1 6 ft-lb)
- Slowly operate clutch pedal about 10 times. Fill reservoir with
clean fluid as necessary.
Clutch master cylinder, replacing
The clutch master cylinder is mounted to the pedal assembly
directly above the clutch pedal.
Working inside engine compartment, remove left interior
ventilation filter housing:
Release 3 plastic taps
(A) on duct. Earlier models use a
single release latch.
Rotate duct inward to remove
Disconnect electrical harness to hood position switch.
Remove filter housing cover.
Release spring
loclc (B) on interior ventilation housing and
remove housing.

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Manual Transmission Selector shaft seal, replacing
(transmission installed)
- Put transmission into second gear.
- Raise and safely support vehicle.
WARNING-
Make sure the car is stable and well supported at all times.
Use a professional automotive lift
orjack stands designed for
the purpose.
A floorjack is not adequate support
- 6-speed transmission: Remove rear engine splash shield
- Remove exhaust system and heat shields. See 180 Exhaust
System.
- Support transmission with transmission jack.
- Disconnect driveshaft at transmission and tie to side. See
260 Driveshaft.
4 Remove transmission crossmember:
Where applicable, release electrical harnesses from
transmission crossmember.
. Remove transmission mounting bolts (A).
Remove transmission crossmember bolts (B).
Where applicable, remove bolts
(C).
NOTE-
5-speed transmission shown in illustration. 6-speed trans-
mission is similar.
- Tilt down rear of transmission.
CAUTION-
Jilting the engine to lower the transmission can lead to
damaae to various components due to lack of clearance.
-
4 Pry sprlng locking rlng (A) out of groove and press pin
of
sh~fl rod.
Detach
sh~ft rod from selector shafl and tie as~de.
(B) out