sat nav BUICK ENCORE GX 2023 Owners Manual

Buick Encore GX Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
16263917) - 2023 - CRC - 2/24/22
114 Instruments and Controls
HUD Display
The HUD may display some of the following
vehicle information and vehicle messages or
alerts:
.Speed
.Tachometer
.Audio
.Phone
.Navigation
.Collision Alert
.Adaptive Cruise Control and set speed
.Lane Departure Warning/Lane Keep Assist
.Oil Pressure Low
.Engine Overheated
.Transmission Hot
.Engine Oil Hot
.Press Brake
.Vehicle Ahead
.Auto Stop
.Pedestrian Advisory
.Pedestrian Alert
Some vehicle messages or alerts displayed in
the HUD may be cleared by using the
steering wheel controls. See Vehicle
Messages 0116.
The HUD control is to the left of the
steering wheel.
To adjust the HUD image:
1. Adjust the driver seat.
2. Start the engine. 3. Use the following settings to adjust
the HUD.
$:Press or lift to center the HUD image.
The HUD image can only be adjusted up and
down, not side to side.
O: Press up to open/close the screen.
!: Press down to select the display
view. Each press will change the
display view.
Press and hold at least four seconds to view
Open Source Software. And view of Open
Source Software will remain until
!is
pressed and held again at least
four seconds.
D: Lift and hold to brighten the display.
Press and hold to dim the display. Continue
to hold to turn the display off.
The HUD image will automatically dim and
brighten to compensate for outside lighting.
The HUD brightness control can also be
adjusted as needed.
The HUD image can temporarily light up
depending on the angle and position of
sunlight on the HUD display. This is normal.
Polarized sunglasses could make the HUD
image harder to see.

Buick Encore GX Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
16263917) - 2023 - CRC - 2/24/22
128 Infotainment System
Infotainment System
Introduction
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Steering Wheel Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Using the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Software Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Radio
AM-FM Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
HD Radio Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Radio Data System (RDS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Satellite Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Radio Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Multi-Band Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Audio Players
Avoiding Untrusted Media Devices . . . . . 137
USB Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Auxiliary Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Bluetooth Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Navigation
Using the Navigation System . . . . . . . . . . 140
Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Navigation Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Destination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Global Positioning System (GPS) . . . . . . . 150
Vehicle Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Problems with Route Guidance . . . . . . . . 150If the System Needs Service . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Map Data Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Database Coverage Explanations . . . . . . . 151
Voice Recognition
Voice Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Phone
Bluetooth (Overview) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Bluetooth (Pairing and Using a
Phone) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Apple CarPlay and Android Auto . . . . . . . 161
Settings
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Teen Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Trademarks and License Agreements
Trademarks and License Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Introduction
Read the following pages to become familiar
with the features.
{Warning
Taking your eyes off the road for too
long or too often while using any
infotainment feature can cause a crash.
You or others could be injured or killed.
Do not give extended attention to
infotainment tasks while driving. Limit
your glances at the vehicle displays and
focus your attention on driving. Use voice
commands whenever possible.
The infotainment system has built-in
features intended to help avoid distraction
by disabling some features when driving.
These features may gray out when they are
unavailable. Many infotainment features are
also available through the instrument cluster
and steering wheel controls.

Buick Encore GX Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
16263917) - 2023 - CRC - 2/24/22
136 Infotainment System
When information is broadcast from a RDS
station, the station name or call letters
display on the audio screen. Radio text
supporting the currently playing broadcast
may also appear.
Satellite Radio
SiriusXM Radio Service
If equipped, vehicles with a valid SiriusXM
radio subscription can receive SiriusXM
programming.
SiriusXM radio has a wide variety of
programming and commercial-free music,
coast to coast, in digital-quality sound. In
the U.S., see www.siriusxm.com or call
1-888-601-6296. In Canada, see
www.siriusxm.ca or call 1-877-438-9677.
When SiriusXM is active, the channel name,
number, song title, and artist appear on the
display.
SiriusXM with 360L
SiriusXM with 360L interface has enhanced
in-vehicle listening experience for
subscribers. The experience now offers more
categories and system learned
recommendations toward discovering more
personalized content.To use the full SiriusXM 360L program,
including streaming content and listening
recommendations, OnStar Connected Access
is required. Connected vehicle services vary
by model and require a complete working
electrical system, cell reception, and GPS
signal. An active connected plan is required.
Reference the SiriusXM user guide for use
and subscription information.
Radio Reception
Unplug electronic devices from the accessory
power outlets if there is interference or
static in the radio.
FM
FM signals only reach about 16 to 65 km (10
to 40 mi). Although the radio has a built-in
electronic circuit that automatically works to
reduce interference, some static can occur,
especially around tall buildings or hills,
causing the sound to fade in and out.
AM
The range for most AM stations is greater
than for FM, especially at night. The longer
range can cause station frequencies to
interfere with each other. Static can also
occur when things like storms and powerlines interfere with radio reception. When
this happens, try reducing the treble on the
radio.
SiriusXM Satellite Radio Service
If equipped, SiriusXM Satellite Radio Service
provides digital radio reception. Tall
buildings or hills can interfere with satellite
radio signals, causing the sound to fade in
and out. In addition, traveling or standing
under heavy foliage, bridges, garages,
or tunnels may cause loss of the SiriusXM
signal for a period of time. Some cellular
services may interfere with SXM reception
causing loss of signal.
Mobile Device Usage
Mobile device usage, such as making or
receiving calls, charging, or just having the
mobile device on may cause static
interference in the radio. Unplug the mobile
device or turn it off if this happens.
Multi-Band Antenna
The roof antenna may be used for radio,
navigation, and OnStar, depending on the
equipped options. Keep clear of obstructions
for clear reception. If the vehicle has a
sunroof, and it is open, reception can also
be affected.

Buick Encore GX Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
16263917) - 2023 - CRC - 2/24/22
150 Infotainment System
Navigation capabilities. The system will
show an alert when the subscription is
expiring and will ask to renew the plan.
Global Positioning System (GPS)
If equipped, the position of the vehicle is
determined by using satellite signals, various
vehicle signals, and map data.
At times, other interference such as the
satellite condition, road configuration,
condition of the vehicle, and/or other
circumstances can affect the navigation
system's ability to determine the accurate
position of the vehicle.
The GPS shows the current position of the
vehicle using signals sent by GPS satellites.
When the vehicle is not receiving signals
from the satellites, a symbol appears in the
status bar.
This system might not be available or
interference can occur if any of the
following are true:
.Signals are obstructed by tall buildings,
trees, large trucks, or a tunnel.
.Satellites are being repaired or improved.For more information if the GPS is not
functioning properly, see
Problems with
Route Guidance 0150 and
If the System Needs Service 0151.
Vehicle Positioning
At times, the position of the vehicle on the
map could be inaccurate due to one or more
of the following reasons:
.The road system has changed.
.The vehicle is driving on slippery road
surfaces such as sand, gravel, or snow.
.The vehicle is traveling on winding roads
or long, straight roads.
.The vehicle is approaching a tall building
or a large vehicle.
.The surface streets run parallel to a
freeway.
.The vehicle has been transferred by a
vehicle carrier or a ferry.
.The current position calibration is set
incorrectly.
.The vehicle is traveling at high speed.
.The vehicle changes directions more than
once, or the vehicle is turning on a turn
table in a parking lot.
.The vehicle is entering and/or exiting a
parking lot, garage, or a lot with a roof.
.The GPS signal is not received.
.A roof carrier is installed on the vehicle.
.Tire chains are installed on the vehicle.
.The tires are replaced or worn.
.The tire pressure for the tires is incorrect.
.This is the first navigation use after the
map data is updated.
.The 12-volt battery has been disconnected
for several days.
.The vehicle is driving in heavy traffic
where driving is at low speeds, and the
vehicle is stopped and started repeatedly.
Problems with Route Guidance
Inappropriate route guidance can occur
under one or more of the following
conditions:
.The turn was not made on the road
indicated.
.Route guidance might not be available
when using automatic rerouting for the
next right or left turn.
.The route might not be changed when
using automatic rerouting.
.There is no route guidance when turning
at an intersection.
.Plural names of places might be
announced occasionally.

Buick Encore GX Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
16263917) - 2023 - CRC - 2/24/22
Driving and Operating 185
.On AWD vehicles, seeAll-Wheel Drive
0 205.
.Avoid fast starts and accelerate smoothly.
.Brake gradually and avoid abrupt stops.
.Avoid idling the engine for long periods
of time.
.When road and weather conditions are
appropriate, use cruise control.
.Always follow posted speed limits or
drive more slowly when conditions
require.
.Keep vehicle tires properly inflated.
.Combine several trips into a single trip.
.Replace the vehicle's tires with the same
TPC Spec number molded into the tire's
sidewall near the size.
.Follow recommended scheduled
maintenance.
Distracted Driving
Distraction comes in many forms and can
take your focus from the task of driving.
Exercise good judgment and do not let other
activities divert your attention away from
the road. Many local governments have
enacted laws regarding driver distraction.
Become familiar with the local laws in
your area. To avoid distracted driving, keep your eyes
on the road, keep your hands on the
steering wheel, and focus your attention on
driving.
.Do not use a phone in demanding driving
situations. Use a hands-free method to
place or receive necessary phone calls.
.Watch the road. Do not read, take notes,
or look up information on phones or
other electronic devices.
.Designate a front seat passenger to
handle potential distractions.
.Become familiar with vehicle features
before driving, such as programming
favorite radio stations and adjusting
climate control and seat settings. Program
all trip information into any navigation
device prior to driving.
.Wait until the vehicle is parked to
retrieve items that have fallen to the
floor.
.Stop or park the vehicle to tend to
children.
.Keep pets in an appropriate carrier or
restraint.
.Avoid stressful conversations while
driving, whether with a passenger or on a
cell phone.
{Warning
Taking your eyes off the road too long or
too often could cause a crash resulting in
injury or death. Focus your attention on
driving.
Refer to the infotainment section for more
information on using that system and the
navigation system, if equipped, including
pairing and using a cell phone.
Defensive Driving
Defensive driving means “always expect the
unexpected.” The first step in driving
defensively is to wear the seat belt. See
Seat Belts 044.
.Assume that other road users
(pedestrians, bicyclists, and other drivers)
are going to be careless and make
mistakes. Anticipate what they may do
and be ready.
.Allow enough following distance between
you and the driver in front of you.
.Focus on the task of driving.
Impaired Driving
Death and injury associated with impaired
driving is a global tragedy.

Buick Encore GX Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
16263917) - 2023 - CRC - 2/24/22
Driving and Operating 231
Intelligent Brake Assist (IBA)
IBA may activate when the brake pedal is
applied quickly by providing a boost to
braking based on the speed of approach and
distance to a vehicle ahead.
Minor brake pedal pulsations or pedal
movement during this time is normal and
the brake pedal should continue to be
applied as needed. IBA will automatically
disengage only when the brake pedal is
released.
{Warning
IBA may increase vehicle braking in
situations when it may not be necessary.
You could block the flow of traffic. If this
occurs, take your foot off the brake pedal
and then apply the brakes as needed.
AEB and IBA can be disabled through vehicle
personalization. To view available settings
for this feature, touch the Settings icon on
the infotainment home page. Select
“Vehicle” to display the list of available
options and select “Collision/Detection
Systems”.
{Warning
Using AEB or IBA while towing a trailer
could cause you to lose control of the
vehicle and crash. Turn the system to
Alert, or if the vehicle has ACC to Off,
when towing a trailer.
A system unavailable message may
display if:
.The front of the vehicle or windshield is
not clean.
.Heavy rain or snow is interfering with
object detection.
.There is a problem with the StabiliTrak/
Electronic Stability Control (ESC) system.
The AEB system does not need service.
Front Pedestrian Braking (FPB)
System
If equipped, the FPB system may help avoid
or reduce the harm caused by front-end
crashes with nearby pedestrians when
driving in a forward gear. FPB displays an
amber indicator,
~, when a nearby
pedestrian is detected ahead. The indicator
may also be white depending on the equipped instrument cluster. See
Instrument
Cluster 093. When approaching a detected
pedestrian too quickly, FPB provides a red
flashing alert on the windshield and rapidly
beeps. FPB can provide a boost to braking or
automatically brake the vehicle. This system
includes Intelligent Brake Assist (IBA), and
the Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB)
system may also respond to pedestrians.
See Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB)
0 230.
The FPB system can detect and alert to
pedestrians in a forward gear at speeds
between 8 km/h (5 mph) and 80 km/h
(50 mph). During daytime driving, the
system detects pedestrians up to a distance
of approximately 40 m (131 ft). During
nighttime driving, system performance is
very limited.
{Warning
FPB does not provide an alert or
automatically brake the vehicle, unless it
detects a pedestrian. FPB may not detect
pedestrians, including children:
.When the pedestrian is not directly
ahead, fully visible, or standing
upright, or when part of a group. (Continued)

Buick Encore GX Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
16263917) - 2023 - CRC - 2/24/22
346 OnStar
OnStar
OnStar Overview
OnStar Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
OnStar Services
Emergency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
OnStar Additional Information
OnStar Additional Information . . . . . . . . 348
OnStar Overview
=Voice Command Button
QBlue OnStar Button
>Red Emergency Button
This vehicle may be equipped with a
comprehensive, in-vehicle system that can
connect to an OnStar Advisor for Emergency,
Security, Navigation, Connections, and
Diagnostics Services. OnStar services may
require a paid service plan and data plan.
OnStar requires the vehicle battery and
electrical system, cellular service, and GPS
satellite signals to be available and
operating. OnStar acts as a link to existing
emergency service providers. OnStar may
collect information about you and your
vehicle, including location information. See
OnStar User Terms, Privacy Statement, and
Software Terms for more details including
system limitations at www.onstar.com (U.S.)
or www.onstar.ca (Canada). The OnStar system status light is next to
the OnStar buttons. If the status light is:
.Solid Green: System is ready.
.Flashing Green: On a call.
.Red: Indicates a problem.
.Off: System is off. PressQtwice to
speak with an OnStar Advisor.
Press
Qor call 1-888-4ONSTAR
(1-888-466-7827) to speak to an Advisor.
Functionality of the Voice Command button
may vary by vehicle and region.
Press
=to:
.Open the OnStar app on the infotainment
display. If equipped, the infotainment
system has OnStar controls in the
embedded OnStar app on the Home Page.
Most OnStar functions that can be
performed with the buttons can be done
using the app. To open the app, touch the
OnStar icon on the Home Page. App
updates require a corresponding service
plan. Features vary by region and model.
Features are subject to change. For more
information, see my.buick.com/learn or
press
Q.

Buick Encore GX Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
16263917) - 2023 - CRC - 2/24/22
350 OnStar
Vehicle and Power Issues
OnStar services require a vehicle electrical
system, wireless service, and GPS satellite
technologies to be available and operating
for features to function properly. These
systems may not operate if the battery is
discharged or disconnected.
Add-on Electrical Equipment
The OnStar system is integrated into the
electrical architecture of the vehicle. Do not
add any electrical equipment. SeeAdd-On
Electrical Equipment 0248. Added electrical
equipment may interfere with the operation
of the OnStar system and cause it to not
operate.
Vehicle Software Updates
OnStar or GM may remotely deliver
software updates or changes to the vehicle
without further notice or consent. These
updates or changes may enhance or
maintain safety, security, or the operation
of the vehicle or the vehicle systems.
Software updates or changes may affect or
erase data or settings that are stored in the
vehicle, such as saved navigation
destinations or pre-set radio stations.
Neither OnStar nor GM is responsible for
any affected or erased data or settings. These updates or changes may also collect
personal information. Such collection is
described in the OnStar privacy statement or
separately disclosed at the time of
installation. These updates or changes may
also cause a system to automatically
communicate with GM servers to collect
information about vehicle system status,
identify whether updates or changes are
available, or deliver updates or changes. An
active OnStar agreement constitutes consent
to these software updates or changes and
agreement that either OnStar or GM may
remotely deliver them to the vehicle.
Privacy
The complete OnStar Privacy Statement may
be found at www.onstar.com (U.S.),
or www.onstar.ca (Canada). We recommend
that you review it. If you have any
questions, call 1-888-4ONSTAR
(1-888-466-7827) or press
Qto speak with
an Advisor. Users of wireless
communications are cautioned that the
privacy of any information sent via wireless
cellular communications cannot be assured.
Third parties may unlawfully intercept or
access transmissions and private
communications without consent.
OnStar - Software Acknowledgements
To obtain the source code under GPL, LGPL,
MPL, and other open source licenses, that is
contained in this product, please visit
https://opensource.lge.com. In addition to
the source code, all referred license terms,
warranty disclaimers, and copyright notices
are available for download. This offer is valid
for a period of three years after our last
shipment of this product. This offer is valid
to anyone in receipt of this information.
*Provided through LG Electronics Inc., who is
solely responsible for provisions of related
OSS compliance.

Buick Encore GX Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
16263917) - 2023 - CRC - 2/24/22
356 Index
Chains, Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
ChargingSystem Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Check Engine Light (Malfunction Indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Child Restraints
Infants and Young Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Lower Anchors and Tethers forChildren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Older Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Securing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74, 75
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Child Safety Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Cleaning Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Climate Control Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Dual Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Cluster, Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Collision Damage Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Compact Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Compartments Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Connected Services
Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Connections Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Control Traction and Electronic Stability . . . . . . . 208
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Controls Steering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Convenience Net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Convex Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Coolant Engine Temperature Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177, 179
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Courtesy Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Courtesy Transportation Program . . . . . . . . 340
Cover Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Coverage Explanations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Covers Rear Compartment/Storage Panel . . . . . . . 80
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Adaptive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Cruise Control (cont'd)
Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Cupholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Customer Assistance Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Text Telephone (TTY) Users . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Customer Information
Publications Ordering Information . . . . . 342
Customer Satisfaction Procedure . . . . . . . . . 335
Cybersecurity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
D
Damage Repair, Collision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Danger, Warning, and Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Dashboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Data Collection Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Data Recorders, Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Database Coverage Explanations . . . . . . . . . . 151
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Destination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Diagnostics Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
Disabled Vehicle Transporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310