cooling CADILLAC ATS 2017 1.G Owners Manual

Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
18 IN BRIEF
5:Turns on the headlamps together
with the parking lamps and
instrument panel lights.
See Exterior Lamp Controls 0145 and
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) 0147.
Windshield Wiper/Washer
With the ignition in ACC/ACCESSORY
or ON/RUN/START, move the lever to
select the wiper speed.
HI : Use for fast wipes.
LO : Use for slow wipes.
INT : Use this setting for intermittent
wipes or Rainsense ™, if equipped. For
intermittent wipes, move the
windshield wiper lever to INT. Turn
the
xINT band up for more
frequent wipes or down for less
frequent wipes.
If equipped with Rainsense and the
feature is enabled in vehicle
personalization, move the windshield
wiper lever to INT and turn the
x
INT band to adjust the sensitivity to
moisture.
. Turn the band up for more
sensitivity to moisture.
. Turn the band down for less
sensitivity to moisture.
. Move the windshield wiper lever
out of the INT position to
deactivate Rainsense.
To turn the Rainsense feature on or
off, see “Rain Sense Wipers ”under
Vehicle Personalization 0137.
OFF : Use to turn the wipers off.
1X : For a single wipe, briefly move
the lever down. For several wipes, hold
the lever down.
n L: Pull the lever toward you to
spray windshield washer fluid and
activate the wipers.
See Windshield Wiper/Washer 0101.
Climate Controls
If equipped with one of these systems,
it controls the heating, cooling, and
ventilation.

Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS 99
Instruments and
Controls
Controls
Steering Wheel Adjustment . . . . . 100
Steering Wheel Controls . . . . . . . . . 100
Heated Steering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . 100
Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Windshield Wiper/Washer . . . . . . . 101
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Power Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Wireless Charging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Warning Lights, Gauges, and
Indicators
Warning Lights, Gauges, andIndicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Instrument Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Fuel Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Safety Belt Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Airbag Readiness Light . . . . . . . . . . 113
Passenger Airbag Status Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Charging System Light . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Malfunction Indicator Lamp
(Check Engine Light) . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Brake System Warning Light . . . . 116
Parking Brake Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Service Electric Parking Brake Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Antilock Brake System (ABS) Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Lane Keep Assist (LKA) Light . . . 117
Vehicle Ahead Indicator . . . . . . . . . 118
Traction Off Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
StabiliTrak
®OFF Light . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Traction Control System (TCS)/ StabiliTrak
®Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Tire Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Engine Oil Pressure Light . . . . . . . . 120
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . 120
Security Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Adaptive Forward Lighting (AFL) Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Lamps On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Cruise Control Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Information Displays
Driver Information Center (DIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Head-Up Display (HUD) . . . . . . . . . 124
Vehicle Messages
Vehicle Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Battery Voltage and Charging Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Brake System Messages . . . . . . . . . . 128
Cruise Control Messages . . . . . . . . . 128
Door Ajar Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Engine Cooling System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Engine Oil Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Engine Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . 130
Fuel System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Key and Lock Messages . . . . . . . . . . 131
Lamp Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Object Detection System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Ride Control System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Airbag System Messages . . . . . . . . . 134
Safety Belt Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Security Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Service Vehicle Messages . . . . . . . . 135
Starting the Vehicle Messages . . . 135
Tire Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Transmission Messages . . . . . . . . . . 136
Vehicle Reminder Messages . . . . . 136
Vehicle Speed Messages . . . . . . . . . 136
Washer Fluid Messages . . . . . . . . . . 137
Vehicle Personalization
Vehicle Personalization . . . . . . . . . . 137

Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS 129
entire front and/or rear of the
vehicle. For cleaning instructions,
seeExterior Care 0298.
. Heavy rain or snow is interfering
with the radar object detection or
camera performance.
CRUISE SET TO XXX
This message displays when the cruise
control speed is set. See Cruise
Control 0204.
NO CRUISE BRAKING GAS PEDAL
APPLIED
This message displays when Adaptive
Cruise Control (ACC) is active and the
driver is pressing the gas pedal. When
this occurs, ACC will not brake. See
Adaptive Cruise Control 0207.
SERVICE ADAPTIVE CRUISE
CONTROL
This message displays when the
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) needs
service. Take the vehicle to your
dealer.
SHIFT TO PARK BEFORE EXITING
This message may display if Adaptive
Cruise Control (ACC) is engaged
holding the vehicle at a stop, and the
driver attempts to exit the vehicle. Put
the vehicle in P (Park) before exiting.
Door Ajar Messages
DOOR OPEN
A door open symbol will be displayed
on the DIC showing which door is
open. If the vehicle has been shifted
out of P (Park), a DOOR OPEN
message will also be displayed. The
DOOR OPEN message may also be
displayed if the vehicle starts to move.
Close the door completely.
HOOD OPEN
This message will display along with a
hood open symbol when the hood is
open. A chime may also sound. Close
the hood completely.
TRUNK OPEN
This message will display along with a
symbol when the trunk is open. Close
the trunk completely.
Engine Cooling System
Messages
A/C OFF ENGINE COOLANT HOT
This message displays when the
engine coolant becomes hotter than
the normal operating temperature. To
avoid added strain on a hot engine,
the air conditioning compressor
automatically turns off. When the
coolant temperature returns to
normal, the air conditioning
compressor turns back on. The vehicle
can continue to be driven.
If this message continues to appear,
have the system repaired by your
dealer as soon as possible to avoid
damage to the engine.
ENGINE OVERHEATED —IDLE
ENGINE
This message displays and a chime
sounds when the engine coolant
temperature is too hot. The engine
coolant temperature warning light will
also be on. Stop and allow the vehicle
to idle until it cools down.

Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
130 INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS
ENGINE OVERHEATED—TURN
VEHICLE OFF
This message displays and a
continuous chime sounds if the
engine cooling system reaches unsafe
temperatures for operation. The
engine coolant temperature warning
light will flash. Stop and turn off the
vehicle as soon as it is safe to do so to
avoid severe damage. This message
clears when the engine has cooled to a
safe operating temperature.
Engine Oil Messages
CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON
This message displays when the
engine oil needs to be changed. When
you change the engine oil, be sure to
reset the oil life system. See Engine Oil
Life System 0243, Driver Information
Center (DIC) 0122, Engine Oil 0241,
and Maintenance Schedule 0307.
ENGINE OIL HOT, IDLE ENGINE
This message displays when the
engine oil temperature is too hot. Stop
and allow the vehicle to idle until it
cools down.
ENGINE OIL LOW —ADD OIL
On some vehicles, this message
displays when the engine oil level may
be too low. Check the oil level before
filling to the recommended level.
If the oil is not low and this message
remains on, take the vehicle to your
dealer for service. See Engine
Oil 0241.
OIL PRESSURE LOW —STOP
ENGINE
This message displays if low oil
pressure levels occur. Stop the vehicle
as soon as safely possible and do not
operate it until the cause of the low
oil pressure has been corrected. Check
the oil as soon as possible and have
the vehicle serviced by your dealer.
Engine Power Messages
ENGINE POWER IS REDUCED
This message displays when the
vehicle's engine power is reduced.
Reduced engine power can affect the
vehicle's ability to accelerate. If this
message is on, but there is no
reduction in performance, proceed to
your destination. The performance may be reduced the next time the
vehicle is driven. The vehicle may be
driven at a reduced speed while this
message is on, but maximum
acceleration and speed may be
reduced. Anytime this message stays
on, or displays repeatedly, the vehicle
should be taken to your dealer for
service as soon as possible.
Fuel System Messages
FUEL LEVEL LOW
This message displays when the
vehicle is low on fuel. Refuel as soon
as possible.
TIGHTEN GAS CAP
This message displays when the fuel
cap is not on tight. Tighten the
fuel cap.

Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
160 CLIMATE CONTROLS
Climate Controls
Climate Control Systems
Dual Automatic Climate ControlSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Dual Automatic Climate Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Air Vents
Air Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Maintenance
Passenger Compartment AirFilter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Climate Control Systems
Dual Automatic Climate Control System
If equipped with this system, it controls the heating, cooling, and ventilation.
1. Driver and Passenger
Temperature Controls
2. Fan Control
3. AUTO (Automatic Operation)
4. Air Delivery Mode Control
5. OFF (Fan)
6. SYNC (Synchronized Temperature) 7. Driver and Passenger Heated and
Ventilated Seats (If Equipped)
8. Recirculation
9. Rear Window Defogger
10. Defrost
11. AC (Air Conditioning)

Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
CLIMATE CONTROLS 163
Caution
Do not try to clear frost or other
material from the inside of the
front windshield and rear window
with a razor blade or anything else
that is sharp. This may damage the
rear window defogger grid and
affect the radio's ability to pick up
stations clearly. The repairs would
not be covered by the vehicle
warranty.
Jorz:If equipped, pressJorzto heat the driver or passenger seat
cushion and seatback.
Press
Cor{to ventilate the driver
or passenger seat.
The vehicle also has auto heated and
ventilated seats that turn on when the
vehicle is on. The seats will activate at
the level required by the vehicle’s
interior temperature. Use the manual
heated or ventilated seat buttons to
turn auto heated or ventilated seats
off. The auto heated or ventilated seats feature can be turned on or off.
See
Vehicle Personalization 0137 and
Heated and Ventilated Front Seats 058.
Remote Start Climate Control
Operation : With the remote vehicle
start feature, the climate control
system may run when the vehicle is
started remotely. The system uses the
driver's previous settings to heat or
cool the inside of the vehicle. See
Remote Vehicle Start 033.
The rear window defogger turns on if
it is cold outside.
Sensors
The solar sensor monitors the
solar heat.
The climate control system uses the
sensor information to adjust the
temperature, fan speed, recirculation,
and air delivery mode for best
comfort.
If the sensor is covered, the automatic
climate control system may not work
properly.
Dual Automatic Climate
Control System
The climate control buttons and the
touch screen are used to adjust the
heating, cooling, and ventilation.

Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
174 DRIVING AND OPERATING
to a lower gear. Any sudden
changes could cause the tires to
slide.
Remember: Antilock brakes help avoid
only the braking skid.
Track Events and
Competitive Driving
Competitive driving may affect the
vehicle warranty. See the warranty
manual before using the vehicle for
competitive driving.
Caution
Low oil levels can damage the
engine. If using the vehicle for
competitive driving, the engine may
use more oil than it would with
normal use. Check the oil level
often during competitive driving.
Engine Oil
2.0L Turbo (LTG) Engine Only: .
Keep the level at or near 1 L (1 qt)
above the upper mark that shows
the proper operating range on the
engine oil dipstick.
. Use a 600 W fan in addition to the
production option V03.
. Gasolines with a Pump Octane ((R
+M)/2) of 99 or greater and
ethanol content below 15%
volume must be used for
competitive driving to protect
against engine damage. Colder
spark plug ratings should also be
used. Consult your dealer.
3.6L Non-Turbo (LGX) Engine Only:
. 3.6L Non-Turbo (LGX) Engine with
Oil Cooler: Confirm the oil level is
at the upper mark that shows the
proper operating range on the
engine oil dipstick.
3.6L Twin Turbo (LF4) Engine Only:
. The twin turbo 3.6L engine (LF4)
requires premium fuel, and comes
standard with a 7 qt sump,
integrated oil cooler, and other
powertrain and powertrain cooling
components in preparation for
track use. Brake Fluid
.
Before racing, replace existing
brake fluid with a qualified racing
brake fluid from a sealed
container. Brake fluid with a dry
boiling point >279 °C (534 °F) is
qualified. If racing brake fluid is
used, replace it with GM approved
brake fluid before driving on
public roads. See Recommended
Fluids and Lubricants 0314.
. Do not use silicone-based fluids.
If racing brake fluid is in the vehicle
and the age of the brake fluid is over a
month old or unknown, replace the
brake fluid between racing/closed
track driving.
Caution
Failure to change the brake fluid
and transfer case fluid after any
performance or race track driving
could result in damage not covered
by the vehicle warranty. Have the
brake fluid and transfer case fluid
changed by your dealer after any (Continued)

Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
176 DRIVING AND OPERATING
conditions, this should take no
longer than 25 brake
applications.
3. Cool down: Drive at 100 km/h (60 mph) for approximately
15 km (10 mi) without using the
brakes.
4. Apply the brakes 25 times from 100 km/h (60 mph) to 50 km/h
(30 mph) while decelerating at
0.4 g. This is a medium brake
application. Drive for at least
1 km (0.6 mi) between
applications.
Axle Fluid
Axles must have 885 km (500 mi)
before being used in track driving.
The axle fluid temperatures may be
higher than when driving in severe
conditions. Drain and refill with new
fluid after the first racing or
competitive driving event, and then
after every 24 hours of racing or
competitive driving. See Recommended
Fluids and Lubricants 0314.Caution
During a first time track or racing
event, high axle temperatures can
occur. Damage could be caused to
the axle and would not be covered
by the vehicle warranty. Do not
drive as long or as fast the first
time the vehicle is driven on the
track or raced.
. The axle lubricant should be
replaced with new lubricant.
. Additional cooling capacity is also
required for continuous
competitive driving.
Track Battery
If equipped, this is a lightweight, low
power battery for track use only.
Remove after each event.
Only use this battery when
temperatures are above freezing.
Store in a cool, dry location. Charge
periodically to keep the state of charge
from getting too low. A battery tender
can be used. When installing or removing the track
battery, steps must be followed to
calibrate the electronic throttle
control. See
Battery0255.
Wheel Alignment (V-Series Only)
Wheel alignment suggested specs for
track use:
. Front: -2.0 deg camber, 0.2 deg
total toe
. Rear: -1.7 deg camber, 0.2 deg
total toe
V-Series Vehicles Equipped with
the Original Equipment Tires
Follow the requirements and
recommendations for tire inflation
pressures while driving on various
types of tracks/courses. This helps to
achieve a well-balanced vehicle and
enhance tire traction performance.
Use good judgment to determine the
appropriate tire inflation pressure and
speeds for the track/course
configuration and environmental
conditions. Contact the tire
manufacturer if further assistance is
needed.

Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
DRIVING AND OPERATING 179
.Check all fluid levels and brakes,
tires, cooling system, and
transmission.
. Shift to a lower gear when going
down steep or long hills.
{Warning
Using the brakes to slow the vehicle
on a long downhill slope can cause
brake overheating, can reduce brake
performance, and could result in a
loss of braking. Shift the
transmission to a lower gear to let
the engine assist the brakes on a
steep downhill slope.
{Warning
Coasting downhill in N (Neutral) or
with the ignition off is dangerous.
This can cause overheating of the
brakes and loss of steering. Always
have the engine running and the
vehicle in gear. .
Drive at speeds that keep the
vehicle in its own lane. Do not
swing wide or cross the
center line.
. Be alert on top of hills; something
could be in your lane (e.g., stalled
car, accident).
. Pay attention to special road signs
(e.g., falling rocks area, winding
roads, long grades, passing or
no-passing zones) and take
appropriate action.
Winter Driving
Driving on Snow or Ice
Snow or ice between the tires and the
road creates less traction or grip, so
drive carefully. Wet ice can occur at
about 0 °C (32 °F) when freezing rain
begins to fall. Avoid driving on wet ice
or in freezing rain until roads can be
treated.
For Slippery Road Driving:
.Accelerate gently. Accelerating too
quickly causes the wheels to spin
and makes the surface under the
tires slick. .
Turn on Traction Control. See
Traction Control/Electronic Stability
Control 0198.
. Antilock Brake System (ABS)
improves vehicle stability during
hard stops, but the brakes should
be applied sooner than when on
dry pavement. See Antilock Brake
System (ABS) 0195.
. Allow greater following distance
and watch for slippery spots. Icy
patches can occur on otherwise
clear roads in shaded areas. The
surface of a curve or an overpass
can remain icy when the
surrounding roads are clear. Avoid
sudden steering maneuvers and
braking while on ice.
. Turn off cruise control.
Blizzard Conditions
Stop the vehicle in a safe place and
signal for help. Stay with the vehicle
unless there is help nearby. To get
help and keep everyone in the
vehicle safe:
.Turn on the hazard warning
flashers.

Cadillac ATS/ATS-V Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10287885) -
2017 - crc - 6/16/16
VEHICLE CARE 231
Vehicle Care
General Information
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Accessories andModifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your OwnService Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Engine Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Automatic Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . 245
Cooling System (Engine) . . . . . . . . . 246
Cooling System (Intercooler) . . . . 248
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Park Brake and P (Park)
Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . . . . 257
Windshield Replacement . . . . . . . . 258
Headlamp Aiming
Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Bulb Replacement
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Back-Up Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
License Plate Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Electrical System
Electrical System Overload . . . . . . 261
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . 261
Engine Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . 265
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Wheels and Tires
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Run-Flat Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 Summer Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Tire Pressure for High-Speed
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Tire Pressure Monitor System . . . 274
Tire Pressure Monitor
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
When It Is Time for New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Different Size Tires and Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Jump Starting
Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Towing the Vehicle
Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Recreational Vehicle Towing . . . . 296