tow CADILLAC CT5 2023 Manual PDF
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: CADILLAC, Model Year: 2023, Model line: CT5, Model: CADILLAC CT5 2023Pages: 526, PDF Size: 6.85 MB
Page 491 of 526

Cadillac CT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-16500419) -
2023 - CRC - 5/6/22
490 Customer Information
Calling for Assistance
When calling Roadside
Assistance, have the following
information ready:
.Your name, home address,
and home telephone number
.Telephone number of your
location
.Location of the vehicle
.Model, year, color, and
license plate number of the
vehicle
.Odometer reading, Vehicle
Identification Number (VIN),
and delivery date of the
vehicle
.Description of the problem
Coverage
Services are provided for the
duration of the vehicle’s
powertrain warranty.
In the U.S., anyone driving the
vehicle is covered. In Canada,
a person driving the vehicle
without permission from the
owner is not covered.Roadside Assistance is not a
part of the New Vehicle
Limited Warranty. General
Motors North America and
Cadillac reserve the right to
make any changes or
discontinue the Roadside
Assistance program at any
time without notification.
General Motors North America
and Cadillac reserve the right
to limit services or payment to
an owner or driver if they
decide the claims are made
too often, or the same type of
claim is made many times.
Cadillac Owner
Privileges™
.Emergency Fuel Delivery:
Delivery of enough fuel for
the vehicle to get to the
nearest service station.
.Lock-Out Service:
Service
to unlock the vehicle if you
are locked out. A remote
unlock may be available if
you have OnStar. For security reasons, the driver
must present identification
before this service is given.
.Emergency Tow from a
Public Road or Highway:
Tow to the nearest Cadillac
dealer for warranty service,
or if the vehicle was in a
crash and cannot be driven.
Assistance is not given when
the vehicle is stuck in the
sand, mud, or snow.
.Flat Tire Change:
Service to
change a flat tire with a
spare tire. The spare tire,
if equipped, must be in good
condition and properly
inflated. It is your
responsibility for the repair
or replacement of the tire if
it is not covered by the
warranty.
.Battery Jump Start: Service
to jump start a dead battery.
Page 492 of 526

Cadillac CT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-16500419) -
2023 - CRC - 5/6/22
Customer Information 491
.Trip Interruption Benefits
and Service:If your trip is
interrupted due to a
warranty failure, incidental
expenses may be
reimbursed during the
Powertrain warranty period.
Items considered are hotel,
meals, and rental car or a
vehicle being delivered back
to the customer, up to
500 miles.
Cadillac Technician
Roadside Assistance
(U.S. Only)
Cadillac's exceptional
Roadside Assistance is more
than an auto club or towing
service. It provides every
Cadillac owner in the United
States with the advantage of
contacting a Cadillac advisor
and, where available, a Cadillac
trained dealer technician who
can provide on-site service.
A dealer technician will travel
to your location within a
30-mile radius of a
participating Cadillac dealership. If beyond this
radius, we will arrange to have
your car towed to the nearest
Cadillac dealership. Each
technician travels with a
specially equipped service
vehicle complete with the
necessary Cadillac parts and
tools required to handle most
roadside repairs.
Services Not Included in
Roadside Assistance
.Impound towing caused by
violation of any laws
.Legal fines
.Mounting, dismounting,
or changing of snow tires,
chains, or other traction
devices
Service is not provided if a
vehicle is in an area that is not
accessible to the service
vehicle or is not a regularly
traveled or maintained public
road, which includes ice and
winter roads. Off-road use is
not covered.
Services Specific to
Canadian-Purchased
Vehicles
.Fuel delivery:
Reimbursement is up to
7 liters. Diesel fuel delivery
may be restricted. Propane
and other fuels are not
provided through this
service.
.Lock-Out Service: Vehicle
registration is required.
.Trip Interruption Benefits
and Assistance:
Pre-authorization, original
detailed receipts, and a copy
of the repair orders are
required. Once authorization
has been received, the
Roadside Assistance advisor
will help you make
arrangements and explain
how to receive payment.
Items considered are hotel,
meals, and rental car or a
vehicle being delivered back
to the customer, up to
800 km.
Page 496 of 526

Cadillac CT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-16500419) -
2023 - CRC - 5/6/22
Customer Information 495
equipment collision parts.
If such insurance coverage is
not available from your
current insurance carrier,
consider switching to another
insurance carrier.
If the vehicle is leased, the
leasing company may require
you to have insurance that
ensures repairs with Genuine
GM Original Equipment
Manufacturer (OEM) parts or
Genuine Manufacturer
replacement parts. Read the
lease carefully, as you may be
charged at the end of the
lease for poor quality repairs.
If a Crash Occurs
If there has been an injury, call
emergency services for help.
Do not leave the scene of a
crash until all matters have
been taken care of. Move the
vehicle only if its position puts
you in danger, or you are
instructed to move it by a
police officer.Give only the necessary
information to police and other
parties involved in the crash.
For emergency towing, see
Roadside Assistance Program
0
489.
Gather the following
information:
.Driver name, address, and
telephone number
.Driver license number
.Owner name, address, and
telephone number
.Vehicle license plate number
.Vehicle make, model, and
model year
.Vehicle Identification
Number (VIN)
.Insurance company and
policy number
.General description of the
damage to the other vehicle
Choose a reputable repair
facility that uses quality
replacement parts. See
“Collision Parts” earlier in this
section. If the airbag has inflated, see
What Will You See after an
Airbag Inflates?
071.
Managing the Vehicle
Damage Repair Process
In the event that the vehicle
requires damage repairs, GM
recommends that you take an
active role in its repair. If you
have a pre-determined repair
facility of choice, take the
vehicle there, or have it towed
there. Specify to the facility
that any required replacement
collision parts be original
equipment parts, either new
Genuine GM parts or recycled
original GM parts. Remember,
recycled parts will not be
covered by the GM vehicle
warranty.
Insurance pays the bill for the
repair, but you must live with
the repair. Depending on your
policy limits, your insurance
company may initially value the
repair using aftermarket parts.
Discuss this with the repair
professional, and insist on
Page 515 of 526

Cadillac CT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-16500419) -
2023 - CRC - 5/11/22
514 INDEX
Coverage Explanations . . . . . 193
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302Adaptive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Super . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Cupholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Customer Assistance Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487
Text Telephone (TTY)Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488
Customer Information
Publications OrderingInformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496
Customer Satisfaction Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
Cybersecurity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499
D
Damage Repair,
Collision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493
Danger, Warning, and
Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Dashboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Data Collection Infotainment System . . . . . 500
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500
Data Recorder Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 Data Recorders, Event . . . . 499
Database Coverage
Explanations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Destination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Diagnostics Connected Services . . . . . . . 510
Differential,
Limited-Slip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Disabled Vehicle Transporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
Distracted Driving . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Dome Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Door Ajar Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Power Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Drive Belt Routing, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484
Drive Systems All-Wheel Drive . . . . . . 287, 406
Driver Assistance Systems . . . . . . 334 Driver (cont'd)
Information
Center (DIC) . . . . . . . . . . 136, 139
Mode Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Mode Control Light . . . . . . . . 132
Teen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Driving
Assistance Systems . . . . . . 346
Better Fuel Economy . . . . . . 241
Characteristics andTowing Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Competitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Defensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Distracted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
If the Vehicle is Stuck . . . . . 261
Impaired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . 245
Track Events and Competitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Vehicle Load Limits . . . . . . . . 261
Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Dual
Automatic ClimateControl System . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Page 516 of 526

Cadillac CT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-16500419) -
2023 - CRC - 5/11/22
INDEX 515
E
ElectricBrake Boost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
Parking Brake Light . . . . . . . 128
Electrical Equipment, Add-On . . . . . . . . 372
System Overload . . . . . . . . . . 409
Electrical System Engine Compartment
Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
Instrument Panel Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
Emergency OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . . 389
Air Filter Life System . . . . . 389
Check Light(Malfunction
Indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 Engine (cont'd)
Coolant
Temperature
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121, 122
Coolant Temperature Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
Drive Belt Routing . . . . . . . . . 484
Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Oil Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . 134
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Running While Parked . . . . 276
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Entry Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Equipment, Towing . . . . . . . . . . 371
Event Data Recorders . . . . . 499
Exit Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Extended Parking . . . . . . . . . . . .275
Extender, Seat Belt . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Exterior Lamp Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Lamps Off Reminder . . . . . . 154
Lighting BatterySaver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
F
FilterEngine Air Cleaner . . . . . . . . 389
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Flashers, Hazard Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467
Fluid Automatic
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
Folding Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Forward
Collision Alert (FCA)System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Frequency Statement Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496
Front Heated and VentilatedSeats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Pedestrian Braking (FPB) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Fuel Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Economy, Driving forBetter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Page 517 of 526

Cadillac CT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-16500419) -
2023 - CRC - 5/11/22
516 INDEX
Fuel (cont'd)Filling a Portable Fuel
Container . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Foreign Countries . . . . . . . . . . 361
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Management, Active . . . . . . . 275
Prohibited Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Recommended . . . . . . . 360, 361
Top Tier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Fuses Engine CompartmentFuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
Fuses and Circuit
Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
G
Garage Door Opener . . . . . . . . 148
Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 Gauges
Engine Coolant
Temperature . . . . . . . . . 121, 122
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Warning Lights and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
General Information
Service andMaintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364
Vehicle Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Global Positioning
System (GPS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191
Glove Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
GM Mobility Reimbursement
Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489
Guidance Problems with theRoute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
H
Hazard WarningFlashers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
HD Radio Technology . . . . . . . . 171
Head Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Head-Up Display (HUD) . . . . . 143
Headlamps Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Daytime RunningLamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . 135
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Lamps On Reminder . . . . . . . 135
Heated Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Steering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Ventilated Front Seats . . . . . 51
Heater Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . 135
High-Speed Operation . . . . . 429
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Page 521 of 526

Cadillac CT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-16500419) -
2023 - CRC - 5/11/22
520 INDEX
Performance (cont'd)Shifting Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Phone Apple CarPlay andAndroid Auto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Bluetooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206, 207
Port
USB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Positioning Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Power Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Protection, Battery . . . . . . . . 160
Retained
Accessory (RAP) . . . . . . . . . . 273
Seat Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Pregnancy, Using Seat Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Privacy Vehicle DataRecording . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498
Problems with Route Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Program
Courtesy
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . 492
Prohibited Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Proposition 65 Warning California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Proposition
65 Warning, California . . . 452
Publication Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496
R
Radiator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
RadioAM-FM Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Data System (RDS) . . . . . . . . . 172
Frequency Statement . . . . 496
HD Radio Technology . . . . . . 171
Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Satellite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Reading Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Rear
Camera Mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Cross Traffic Alert(RCTA) System . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Pedestrian Alert . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Vision Camera (RVC) . . . . . 336 Rearview Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Automatic Dimming . . . . . . . . . 35
Reclining Seatbacks . . . . . . . . . . 45
Recognition Voice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Recommended Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360, 361
Recommended Fluids and Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476
Recorder Surround Video . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Records Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479
Recreational Vehicle Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
Reimbursement
Program, GM Mobility . . . . 489
Remote Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Key Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Vehicle Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Replacement Parts Airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
Replacing
Airbag System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
LATCH System PartsAfter a Crash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Page 524 of 526

Cadillac CT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-16500419) -
2023 - CRC - 5/11/22
INDEX 523
Tires (cont'd)Different Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . 443
Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
Low-Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421
Noise Reducing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421
Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427, 429
Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Pressure Monitor
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
Pressure Monitor System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
Run-Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
Sealant and Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 444
Sealant and Compressor Kit,
Storing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451
Self-Sealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . . . . . 422
Terminology and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424
Uniform Tire Quality Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Wheel Alignment and
Tire Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . 441 Tires (cont'd)
When It Is Time for
New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Top Tier Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Towing Driving
Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
General Information . . . . . . 364
Recreational Vehicle . . . . . 457
Trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Track Events and Competitive Driving . . . . . . . 246
Traction Control System
(TCS)/StabiliTrak
Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Control/Electronic Stability Control . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Limited-Slip
Differential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Off Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Trademarks and License Agreements . . . . . . 223
Trailer
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 Transmission
Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Fluid, Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Fluid, Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Transportation Program, Courtesy . . . . . . . . 492
Transporting a Disabled Vehicle . . . . . . . . . 455
Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Trunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
TTY Users Customer Assistance . . . . 488
Turn and Lane-Change Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
U
Umbrella Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Uniform Tire QualityGrading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Universal Remote
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Updates Map Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
USB Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174