traction control CADILLAC XTS 2017 1.G Owners Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: CADILLAC, Model Year: 2017, Model line: XTS, Model: CADILLAC XTS 2017 1.GPages: 314, PDF Size: 3.71 MB
Page 4 of 314

Cadillac XTS Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10292881) - 2017 -
crc - 7/1/16
INTRODUCTION 3
M:Shown when the owner manual
has additional instructions or
information.
*: Shown when the service manual
has additional instructions or
information.
0: Shown when there is more
information on another page —
“see page.”
Vehicle Symbol Chart
Here are some additional symbols that
may be found on the vehicle and what
they mean. For more information on
the symbol, refer to the Index.
9: Airbag Readiness Light
#:Air Conditioning
!:Antilock Brake System (ABS)
g: Audio Steering Wheel Controls
$:Brake System Warning Light
":Charging System
I: Cruise Control
`:Do Not Puncture
^:Do Not Service
B:Engine Coolant Temperature
O:Exterior Lamps
_:Flame/Fire Prohibited
.:Fuel Gauge
+: Fuses
3:Headlamp High/Low-Beam
Changer
(: Heated Steering Wheel
j:LATCH System Child Restraints
*:Malfunction Indicator Lamp
::Oil Pressure
}:Power
/:Remote Vehicle Start
>:Safety Belt Reminders
7: Tire Pressure Monitor
d:Traction Control/StabiliTrak®
a:Under Pressure
M: Windshield Washer Fluid
Page 6 of 314

Cadillac XTS Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10292881) - 2017 -
crc - 7/1/16
IN BRIEF 5
In Brief
Instrument Panel
Instrument Panel Overview . . . . . . . . . 6
Initial Drive Information
Initial Drive Information . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Remote Vehicle Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Trunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Seat Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Memory Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Second Row Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Heated and Ventilated Seats . . . . . . 13
Head Restraint Adjustment . . . . . . . 13
Safety Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Passenger Sensing System . . . . . . . . 14
Mirror Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Steering Wheel Adjustment . . . . . . . 15
Interior Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Exterior Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Windshield Wiper/Washer . . . . . . . . 16
Climate Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Vehicle Features
Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Steering Wheel Controls . . . . . . . . . . 19
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Driver Information
Center (DIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Forward Collision Alert (FCA)
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Forward Automatic Braking (FAB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Lane Departure Warning (LDW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Side Blind Zone Alert (SBZA) . . . . . 21
Surround Vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Rear Vision Camera (RVC) . . . . . . . . 21
Rear Cross Traffic Alert (RCTA) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Parking Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Reverse Automatic Braking (RAB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Power Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Sunroof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Performance and Maintenance
Traction Control/Electronic Stability Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Tire Pressure Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Fuel (LFX 3.6L V6 Engine) . . . . . . . . 23
Fuel (LF3 3.6L V6 Twin Turbo Engine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Driving for Better Fuel Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Page 8 of 314

Cadillac XTS Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10292881) - 2017 -
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IN BRIEF 7
1.Air Vents 0165.
2. Electric Parking Brake 0186.
Instrument Panel Illumination
Control 0155.
Head-Up Display (HUD) 0131 (If
Equipped).
3. Exterior Lamp Controls 0151.
Turn Signal Lever. See Turn and
Lane-Change Signals 0154.
4. Instrument Cluster 0112.
Driver Information Center (DIC)
Display. See Driver Information
Center (DIC) 0128.
5. Windshield Wiper/Washer 0105.
6. Hazard Warning Flashers 0154.
Lane Departure Warning
(LDW) 0211.
Traction Control/Electronic
Stability Control 0188.
7. Infotainment 0158.
8. Glove Box Button. See Glove
Box 0100.
Parking Assist Button. See
Assistance Systems for Parking or
Backing 0202. 9.
Dual Automatic Climate Control
System 0159.
Heated and Ventilated Front Seats
0 58 (If Equipped).
10. Instrument Panel Storage 099 (If
Equipped).
Wireless Charging Pad (If
Equipped) (Out of View). See
Wireless Charging 0108.
11. Shift Lever. See Automatic
Transmission 0183.
12. ENGINE START/STOP Button. SeeIgnition Positions 0177.
13. Steering Wheel Controls 0104.
14. Horn 0104.
15. Steering Wheel Adjustment 0104.
16. Cruise Control 0191.
Adaptive Cruise Control 0194 (If
Equipped).
Forward Collision Alert (FCA)
System 0206 (If Equipped).
Phone Button. See “Steering
Wheel Controls ”in the
infotainment manual. Heated Steering Wheel
0104 (If
Equipped).
17. Data Link Connector (DLC) (Out of View). See Malfunction
Indicator Lamp (Check Engine
Light) 0120.
18. Hood Release. See Hood0223.
19. Instrument Panel Storage 099.
Page 24 of 314

Cadillac XTS Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10292881) - 2017 -
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IN BRIEF 23
Performance and
Maintenance
Traction Control/Electronic
Stability Control
The Traction Control System (TCS)
limits wheel spin. The system turns
on automatically every time the
vehicle is started.
The StabiliTrak system assists with
directional control of the vehicle in
difficult driving conditions. The
system also turns on automatically
every time the vehicle is started.
.To turn off traction control, press
and release
gon the center
stack.
icomes on in the
instrument cluster and the
appropriate DIC message is
displayed. See Ride Control System
Messages 0141.
. To turn off both traction control
and StabiliTrak, press and hold
g
on the center stack, untili
andgcome on in the instrument cluster and the appropriate DIC
message is displayed. See
Ride
Control System Messages 0141.
. Press and release
gagain to turn
on both systems.
See Traction Control/Electronic Stability
Control 0188.
Tire Pressure Monitor
This vehicle may have a Tire Pressure
Monitor System (TPMS).
The low tire pressure warning light
alerts to a significant loss in pressure
of one of the vehicle's tires. If the
warning light comes on, stop as soon
as possible and inflate the tires to the
recommended pressure shown on the
Tire and Loading Information label.
See Vehicle Load Limits 0173. The
warning light will remain on until the
tire pressure is corrected. The low tire pressure warning light
may come on in cool weather when
the vehicle is first started, and then
turn off as the vehicle is driven. This
may be an early indicator that the tire
pressures are getting low and the tires
need to be inflated to the proper
pressure.
The TPMS does not replace normal
monthly tire maintenance. Maintain
the correct tire pressures.
See
Tire Pressure Monitor
System 0258.
Fuel (LFX 3.6L V6 Engine)
Use only unleaded petrol rated at 91
RON or higher in your vehicle. Do not
use petrol with an octane rating lower
as it may result in vehicle damage and
lower fuel economy. See Fuel0212.
Page 104 of 314

Cadillac XTS Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10292881) - 2017 -
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INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS 103
Instruments and
Controls
Controls
Steering Wheel Adjustment . . . . . 104
Steering Wheel Controls . . . . . . . . . 104
Heated Steering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . 104
Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Windshield Wiper/Washer . . . . . . . 105
Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Power Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Wireless Charging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Cigarette Lighter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Ashtrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Warning Lights, Gauges, and
Indicators
Warning Lights, Gauges, andIndicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Instrument Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Fuel Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Engine Coolant Temperature
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Safety Belt Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Airbag Readiness Light . . . . . . . . . . 119
Passenger Airbag Status
Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Charging System Light . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Check Engine Light) . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Brake System Warning Light . . . . 122
Electric Parking Brake Light . . . . . 122
Service Electric Parking Brake Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Antilock Brake System (ABS) Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Lane Departure Warning (LDW) Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Vehicle Ahead Indicator . . . . . . . . . 124
Traction Off Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
StabiliTrak
®OFF Light . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Traction Control System (TCS)/ StabiliTrak
®Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Tire Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Engine Oil Pressure Light . . . . . . . . 126
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . 126
Security Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Adaptive Forward Lighting (AFL) Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Lamps On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Cruise Control Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Door Ajar Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Information Displays
Driver Information Center (DIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Head-Up Display (HUD) . . . . . . . . . 131
Vehicle Messages
Vehicle Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Battery Voltage and Charging Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Brake System Messages . . . . . . . . . . 135
Compass Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Cruise Control Messages . . . . . . . . . 135
Door Ajar Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Engine Cooling System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Engine Oil Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Engine Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . 137
Fuel System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Key and Lock Messages . . . . . . . . . . 137
Lamp Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Object Detection System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Ride Control System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Airbag System Messages . . . . . . . . . 141
Security Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Service Vehicle Messages . . . . . . . . 142
Starting the Vehicle Messages . . . 142
Tire Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Transmission Messages . . . . . . . . . . 142
Vehicle Reminder Messages . . . . . 143
Page 125 of 314

Cadillac XTS Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10292881) - 2017 -
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124 INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS
This light changes to amber and
flashes to indicate that the lane
marking has been crossed without
using a turn signal in that direction.
SeeLane Departure Warning
(LDW) 0211.
Vehicle Ahead Indicator
If equipped, this indicator will display
green when a vehicle is detected
ahead and amber when you are
following a vehicle ahead much too
closely.
See Forward Collision Alert (FCA)
System 0206.
Traction Off Light
This light comes on briefly while
starting the engine. If it does not,
have the vehicle serviced by your
dealer. If the system is working
normally, the indicator light then
turns off. For vehicles with a
reconfigurable cluster, this light is in
the display area and it may not come
on when the ignition is turned on.
The traction off light comes on when
the Traction Control System (TCS) has
been turned off by pressing and
releasing the TCS/StabiliTrak button.
This light and the StabiliTrak OFF
light come on when StabiliTrak is
turned off.
If the TCS is off, wheel spin is not
limited. Adjust driving accordingly.
See Traction Control/Electronic Stability
Control 0188.
StabiliTrak®OFF Light
This light comes on briefly while
starting the engine. If it does not,
have the vehicle serviced by your
dealer.
This light comes on when the
StabiliTrak system is turned off.
If StabiliTrak is off, the Traction
Control System (TCS) is also off.
If StabiliTrak and TCS are off, the
system does not assist in controlling
the vehicle. Turn on the TCS and the
StabiliTrak systems, and the warning
light turns off.
See Traction Control/Electronic Stability
Control 0188.
Page 126 of 314

Cadillac XTS Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10292881) - 2017 -
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INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS 125
Traction Control System
(TCS)/StabiliTrak®Light
This light comes on briefly when the
engine is started.
If the light does not come on, have
the vehicle serviced by your dealer.
If the system is working normally, the
indicator light turns off.
If the light is on and not flashing, the
TCS and potentially the StabiliTrak
system have been disabled. A Driver
Information Center (DIC) message
may display. Check the DIC messages
to determine which feature(s) is no
longer functioning and whether the
vehicle requires service. SeeRide
Control System Messages 0141.
If the light is on and flashing, the TCS
and/or the StabiliTrak system is
actively working. See
Traction Control/Electronic Stability
Control 0188.
Engine Coolant
Temperature Warning Light
On some vehicles this light comes on
briefly while starting the vehicle. If it
does not, have the vehicle serviced by
the dealer. If the system is working
normally the indicator light goes off.
For vehicles with the reconfigurable
cluster, this light may not come on
when starting the vehicle.
Caution
The engine coolant temperature
warning light indicates that the
vehicle has overheated. Driving with
this light on can damage the engine
(Continued)
Caution (Continued)
and it may not be covered by the
vehicle warranty. SeeEngine
Overheating 0237.
The engine coolant temperature
warning light comes on when the
engine has overheated.
If this happens pull over and turn off
the engine as soon as possible. See
Engine Overheating 0237.
Tire Pressure Light
For vehicles with the Tire Pressure
Monitor System (TPMS), this light
comes on briefly when the engine is
started. It provides information about
tire pressures and the TPMS.
Page 140 of 314

Cadillac XTS Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10292881) - 2017 -
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INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS 139
FORWARD COLLISION SYSTEM
REDUCED
This message displays when the
Forward Automatic Braking (FAB) has
been set to the Alert setting. This
setting disables most FAB functions.
SeeForward Automatic Braking
(FAB) 0208.
FORWARD COLLISION SYSTEM
UNAVAILABLE
This message displays when the
Forward Automatic Braking (FAB) has
been unavailable for some time. The
FAB System does not need service.
This message can display under the
following conditions:
.
The front of the vehicle or
windshield is not clean. Keep
these areas clean and free of mud,
dirt, snow, ice, and slush. For
cleaning instructions, see Exterior
Care 0278.
. Heavy rain or snow is interfering
with the object detection
performance. This message may also be displayed if
there is a problem with the StabiliTrak
system. See
Traction Control/Electronic
Stability Control 0188.
FORWARD COLLISION ALERT OFF
This message displays when the
Forward Collision Alert has been
turned off.
FRONT CAMERA BLOCKED CLEAN
WINDSHIELD
This message displays when the
camera is blocked. Cleaning the
outside of the windshield behind the
rearview mirror may correct the issue.
The Lane Departure Warning (LDW)
system will not operate. Adaptive
Cruise Control (ACC), Forward
Collision Alert (FCA), and the Forward
Automatic Braking (FAB) may not
work or may not work as well.
LANE DEPARTURE WARNING
UNAVAILABLE
This message displays when
attempting to activate the Lane
Departure Warning (LDW) system when it is temporarily unavailable.
The LDW system does not need
service.
This message could be due to the
camera being blocked. Cleaning the
outside of the windshield behind the
rearview mirror may correct the issue.
REAR AUTO BRAKE/PARK
ASSIST OFF
This message displays when the
Parking Assist system has been turned
off or when there is a temporary
condition causing the system to be
disabled.
REAR AUTO BRAKE AND PARK
ASSIST UNAVAILABLE
This message displays when
attempting to activate the parking and
backing features of the Driver
Assistance System when they are
temporarily unavailable. The system
does not need service.
This can occur under the following
conditions:
.
The radar is not clean. Keep the
radar sensors free of mud, dirt,
snow, ice, and slush. Clean the
Page 142 of 314

Cadillac XTS Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10292881) - 2017 -
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INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS 141
Ride Control System
Messages
SERVICE ALL WHEEL DRIVE
This message displays when there is a
problem with the AWD system. This
message could be set by a number of
issues. Some may require service of
the AWD system. The vehicle will run
in normal two-wheel-drive mode when
this message has been set. This could
be caused by:
.A vehicle or an AWD system
electronics problem.
. Various vehicle electrical issues.
. Worn out or overheated clutch
plates.
. Loss of fluids.
If this message appears, stop when it
is safe to do so and turn off the
ignition for 30 seconds. Restart the
vehicle and check for the message on
the DIC display. If the message does
not appear, it is not necessary to take
your vehicle to the dealer. If the
message still displays or appears again
when you begin driving, the system
needs service. See your dealer.
SERVICE LEVELING SYSTEM
This message displays when there is a
problem with the automatic rear level
control. See Automatic Level Control
0 191. Have the vehicle serviced by
your dealer.
SERVICE STABILITRAK
This message displays if there is a
problem with the StabiliTrak system.
See Traction Control/Electronic Stability
Control 0188.
SERVICE SUSPENSION SYSTEM
This message displays when there is a
problem with the Magnetic Ride
Control system. See Magnetic Ride
Control 0190. Have the vehicle
serviced by your dealer.
SERVICE TRACTION CONTROL
This message displays when there is a
problem with the Traction Control
System (TCS). See Traction Control/
Electronic Stability Control 0188.
TRACTION CONTROL OFF
This message displays when the
Traction Control System (TCS) has
been turned off. See Traction Control/
Electronic Stability Control 0188.
TRACTION CONTROL ON
This message displays when the
Traction Control System (TCS) has
been turned on. See Traction Control/
Electronic Stability Control 0188.
Airbag System Messages
SERVICE AIRBAG
This message displays if there is a
problem with the airbag system. See
your dealer for service.
Security Messages
THEFT ATTEMPTED
This message displays if the vehicle
detects a tamper condition.
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Cadillac XTS Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10292881) - 2017 -
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DRIVING AND OPERATING 167
Driving and
Operating
Driving Information
Distracted Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Driving on Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . 171
Winter Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
If the Vehicle Is Stuck . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Vehicle Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Starting and Operating
New Vehicle Break-In . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Ignition Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Starting the Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Retained AccessoryPower (RAP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Shifting Into Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Shifting out of Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Parking over Things That Burn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Engine Exhaust
Engine Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Running the Vehicle WhileParked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Automatic Transmission
Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . 183
Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Drive Systems
All-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Brakes
Antilock Brake System (ABS) . . . . 185
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Brake Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Hill Start Assist (HSA) . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Ride Control Systems
Traction Control/ElectronicStability Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Magnetic Ride Control . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Limited-Slip Rear Axle . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Automatic Level Control . . . . . . . . . 191
Cruise Control
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Adaptive Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . 194
Driver Assistance Systems
Driver Assistance Systems . . . . . . . 201
Assistance Systems for Parking or Backing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 Assistance Systems for
Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Forward Collision Alert (FCA) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Forward Automatic
Braking (FAB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Side Blind Zone Alert (SBZA) . . . . 210
Lane Departure Warning (LDW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Fuel
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Fuel Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Filling a Portable FuelContainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Trailer Towing
General Towing Information . . . . 215
Driving Characteristics andTowing Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Trailer Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Towing Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Conversions and Add-Ons
Add-On Electrical Equipment . . . 220