ABS CHEVROLET SILVERADO 2500 2022 User Guide
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: CHEVROLET, Model Year: 2022, Model line: SILVERADO 2500, Model: CHEVROLET SILVERADO 2500 2022Pages: 441, PDF Size: 14.4 MB
Page 247 of 441

Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD/3500 HD Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.
S./Canada/Mexico-15546003) - 2022 - CRC - 5/5/21
246 Driving and Operating
If the EPB is applied while the vehicle is
moving, the vehicle will decelerate as long
as the switch is pressed. If the switch is
pressed until the vehicle comes to a stop,
the EPB will remain applied.
The vehicle may automatically apply the EPB
in some situations when the vehicle is not
moving. This is normal, and is done to
periodically check the correct operation of
the EPB system, or at the request of other
safety functions that utilize the EPB.
If the EPB fails to apply, block the rear
wheels to prevent vehicle movement.
EPB Release
To release the EPB:1. Turn the ignition on or to ACC/ ACCESSORY.
2. Apply and hold the brake pedal.
3. Press the EPB switch momentarily.
The EPB is released when the red parking
brake status light is off.
If the amber service parking brake warning
light is on, release the EPB by pressing and
holding the EPB switch. Continue to hold the
switch until the red parking brake status
light is off. If either light stays on after
release is attempted, see your dealer.
Caution
Driving with the parking brake on can
overheat the brake system and cause
premature wear or damage to brake
system parts. Make sure that the parking
brake is fully released and the brake
warning light is off before driving.
If you are towing a trailer and parking on a
hill, see Driving Characteristics and Towing
Tips 0274.
Automatic EPB Release
The EPB will automatically release if the
vehicle is running, placed into gear, and an
attempt is made to drive away. Avoid rapid
acceleration when the EPB is applied, to
preserve parking brake lining life.
Brake Assist
Brake Assist detects rapid brake pedal
applications due to emergency braking
situations and provides additional braking to
activate the Antilock Brake System (ABS) if
the brake pedal is not pushed hard enough
to activate ABS normally. Minor noise, brake
pedal pulsation, and/or pedal movement
during this time may occur. Continue to apply the brake pedal as the driving
situation dictates. Brake Assist disengages
when the brake pedal is released.
Hill Start Assist (HSA)
{Warning
Do not rely on the HSA feature. HSA does
not replace the need to pay attention
and drive safely. You may not hear or
feel alerts or warnings provided by this
system. Failure to use proper care when
driving may result in injury, death,
or vehicle damage. See
Defensive Driving
0 211.
When the vehicle is stopped on a grade, Hill
Start Assist (HSA) prevents the vehicle from
rolling in an unintended direction during the
transition from brake pedal release to
accelerator pedal apply. The brakes release
when the accelerator pedal is applied. If the
accelerator pedal is not applied within a few
minutes, the Electric Parking Brake will
apply. The brakes may also release under
other conditions. Do not rely on HSA to hold
the vehicle.
Page 251 of 441

Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD/3500 HD Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.
S./Canada/Mexico-15546003) - 2022 - CRC - 5/5/21
250 Driving and Operating
System (ABS), StabiliTrak/Electronic Stability
Control (ESC), and Traction Control System
(TCS) performance.
For more information on off-road driving see
Off-Road Driving0214.
_Tow/Haul Mode : Use this mode
when hauling heavy loads to provide
increased performance and vehicle control.
Tow/Haul Mode adjusts the transmission
shift pattern, trailer sway, and steering.
If the vehicle is turned off with Tow/Haul
Mode active and then restarted within four
hours or less, Tow/Haul will remain active.
Otherwise, the vehicle will start in
Normal Mode.
If the vehicle has a diesel engine, exhaust
braking is automatically activated when
Tow/Haul Mode is selected. It maintains
vehicle speed by automatically
implementing a shift pattern that uses the
engine and the transmission to slow the
vehicle. The system will command
downshifts and use the turbocharger on the
engine to reduce vehicle speed when the
brake is applied. The normal tow/haul shift
pattern will return once the vehicle is on a
low grade or when the accelerator pedal is
pressed. While in the Electronic Range Select (ERS)
Mode, grade breaking is deactivated,
allowing the driver to select a range and
limiting the highest gear available. See
Manual Mode
0238.
For more information on trailer weight
specifications, see Towing Equipment 0281.
Locking Rear Axle
Vehicles with a locking rear axle can give
more traction on snow, mud, ice, sand,
or gravel. It works like a standard axle most
of the time, but when traction is low, this
feature will allow the rear wheel with the
most traction to move the vehicle.
Cruise Control
{
Warning
Cruise control can be dangerous where
you cannot drive safely at a steady
speed. Do not use cruise control on
winding roads or in heavy traffic.
Cruise control can be dangerous on
slippery roads. On such roads, fast
changes in tire traction can cause (Continued)
Warning (Continued)
excessive wheel slip, and you could lose
control. Do not use cruise control on
slippery roads.
If equipped with cruise control, a speed of
about 40 km/h (25 mph) or more can be
maintained without keeping your foot on
the accelerator. Cruise control does not work
at speeds below about 40 km/h (25 mph).
If the cruise control is being used and the
Traction Control System (TCS) or StabiliTrak/
Electronic Stability Control (ESC) begins to
limit wheel spin, the cruise control will
automatically disengage. See Traction
Control/Electronic Stability Control 0247. If a
collision alert occurs when cruise control is
activated, cruise control is disengaged. See
Forward Collision Alert (FCA) System 0263.
When road conditions allow you to safely
use it again, cruise control can be turned
back on.
Turning off the TCS or StabiliTrak/ESC
system will disengage the cruise control.
If the brakes are applied, cruise control
disengages.
Page 277 of 441

Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD/3500 HD Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.
S./Canada/Mexico-15546003) - 2022 - CRC - 5/5/21
276 Driving and Operating
Driving on Grades
Reduce speed and shift to a lower gear
before starting down a long or steep
downhill grade. If the transmission is not
shifted down, the brakes may overheat and
result in reduced braking efficiency.
The vehicle can tow in D (Drive). Shift the
transmission to a lower gear if the
transmission shifts too often under heavy
loads and/or hilly conditions.
When towing at higher altitudes, engine
coolant will boil at a lower temperature
than at lower altitudes. If the engine is
turned off immediately after towing at high
altitude on steep uphill grades, the vehicle
could show signs similar to engine
overheating. To avoid this, let the engine
run, preferably on level ground, with the
transmission in P (Park) for a few minutes
before turning the engine off. If the
overheat warning comes on, seeEngine
Overheating 0318.
Viewing Systems
If equipped, the viewing systems on the
vehicle can improve visibility while hitching,
backing, and driving with a trailer. See
Driver Assistance Systems 0252.
Parking on Hills
{Warning
To prevent serious injury or death,
always park your vehicle and trailer on a
level surface when possible.
When parking your vehicle and your trailer
on a hill: 1. Press the brake pedal, but do not shift into P (Park) yet. Turn the wheels into
the curb if facing downhill or into traffic
if facing uphill.
2. Have someone place chocks under the trailer wheels.
3. Gradually release the brake pedal to allow the chocks to absorb the load of
the trailer.
4. Reapply the brake pedal. Then apply the parking brake and shift into P (Park).
5. Release the brake pedal.
Leaving After Parking on a Hill
1. Apply and hold the brake pedal.
.Start the engine.
.Shift into a gear.
.Release the parking brake. 2. Let up on the brake pedal.
3. Drive slowly until the trailer is clear of
the chocks.
4. Stop and have someone pick up and store the chocks.
Launching and Retrieving a Boat
Backing the Trailer into the Water
{Warning
.Have all passengers get out of the
vehicle before backing onto the sloped
part of the ramp. Lower the driver and
passenger side windows before
backing onto the ramp. This will
provide a means of escape in the
unlikely event the vehicle slides into
the water.
.If the boat launch surface is slippery,
have the driver remain in the vehicle
with the brake pedal applied while the
boat is being launched. The boat
launch can be especially slippery at
low tide when part of the ramp was
previously submerged at high tide. Do
not back onto the ramp to launch the
boat if you are not sure the vehicle
can maintain traction.
(Continued)
Page 278 of 441

Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD/3500 HD Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.
S./Canada/Mexico-15546003) - 2022 - CRC - 5/5/21
Driving and Operating 277
Warning (Continued)
.Do not move the vehicle if someone is
in the path of the trailer. Some parts
of the trailer might be underwater and
not visible to people who are assisting
in launching the boat.
Disconnect the wiring to the trailer before
backing the trailer into the water to prevent
damage to the electrical circuits on the
trailer. Reconnect the wiring to the trailer
after removing the trailer from the water.
If the trailer has electric brakes that can
function when the trailer is submerged, it
might help to leave the electrical trailer
connector attached to maintain trailer brake
functionality while on the boat ramp.
To back the trailer into the water: 1. If equipped, place the vehicle in four-wheel-drive high.
2. Slowly back down the boat ramp until the boat is floating, but no further than
necessary.
3. Press and hold the brake pedal, but do not shift into P (Park) yet.
4. Have someone place chocks under the front wheels of the vehicle. 5. Gradually release the brake pedal to
allow the chocks to absorb the load of
the trailer.
6. Reapply the brake pedal. Then apply the parking brake and shift into P (Park).
7. Release the brake pedal.
Pulling the Trailer from the Water
To pull the trailer out of the water: 1. Press and hold the brake pedal.
2. Start the engine and shift into gear.
3. Release the parking brake.
4. Let up on the brake pedal.
5. Drive slowly until the tires are clear of the chocks.
6. Stop and have someone pick up and store the chocks.
7. Slowly pull the trailer from the water.
8. Once the vehicle and trailer have been driven from the sloped part of the boat
ramp, the vehicle can be shifted from
four-wheel-drive high. Shift into the drive
mode that is appropriate for the road
conditions.
Caution
If the vehicle tires begin to spin and the
vehicle begins to slide toward the water,
remove your foot from the accelerator
pedal and apply the brake pedal. Seek
help to have the vehicle towed up
the ramp.
Maintenance when Trailer Towing
The vehicle needs service more often when
used to tow trailers. See Maintenance
Schedule 0392. It is especially important to
check the engine oil, axle lubricant, belts,
cooling system, and brake system before
and during each trip.
Check periodically to see that all nuts and
bolts on the trailer hitch are tight.
Engine Cooling When Trailer Towing
The cooling system may temporarily
overheat during severe operating conditions.
See Engine Overheating 0318.
Page 325 of 441

Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD/3500 HD Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.
S./Canada/Mexico-15546003) - 2022 - CRC - 5/5/21
324 Vehicle Care
installed. Add or remove fluid, as necessary,
only when work is done on the brake
hydraulic system.
{Warning
If too much brake fluid is added, it can
spill on the engine and burn, if the
engine is hot enough. You or others could
be burned, and the vehicle could be
damaged. Add brake fluid only when
work is done on the brake hydraulic
system.
When the brake fluid falls to a low level,
the brake warning light comes on. See Brake
System Warning Light 0117.
Brake fluid absorbs water over time which
degrades the effectiveness of the brake fluid.
Replace brake fluid at the specified intervals
to prevent increased stopping distance. See
Maintenance Schedule 0392.
What to Add
Use only GM approved DOT 4 brake fluid
from a clean, sealed container. See
Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0401.
{Warning
The wrong or contaminated brake fluid
could result in damage to the brake
system. This could result in the loss of
braking leading to a possible injury.
Always use the proper GM approved
brake fluid.
Caution
If brake fluid is spilled on the vehicle's
painted surfaces, the paint finish can be
damaged. Immediately wash off any
painted surface.
Battery - North America
The original equipment battery is
maintenance free. Do not remove the cap
and do not add fluid.
Refer to the replacement number shown on
the original battery label when a new
battery is needed. See Engine Compartment
Overview 0310 for battery location.
{Warning
WARNING: Battery posts, terminals and
related accessories can expose you to
chemicals including lead and lead
compounds, which are known to the
State of California to cause cancer and
birth defects or other reproductive harm.
Wash hands after handling. For more
information go to
www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.
See the warning on the back cover.
Vehicle Storage
{Warning
Batteries have acid that can burn you and
gas that can explode. You can be badly
hurt if you are not careful. See Jump
Starting - North America 0374 for tips on
working around a battery without
getting hurt.
Infrequent Usage: Remove the black,
negative (−) cable from the battery to keep
the battery from running down.
Page 369 of 441

Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD/3500 HD Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.
S./Canada/Mexico-15546003) - 2022 - CRC - 5/5/21
368 Vehicle Care
Rear Position
5. If the flat tire is on the rear of the vehicle, position the jack under the rear
axle between the spring anchor and the
shock absorber bracket.
If a snow plow has been added to the
front of the vehicle, lower the snow
plow fully before raising the vehicle.
Make sure that the jack head is
positioned so that the rear axle is resting
securely between the grooves that are
on the jack head.
{Warning
Getting under a vehicle when it is lifted
on a jack is dangerous. If the vehicle slips
off the jack, you could be badly injured
or killed. Never get under a vehicle when
it is supported only by a jack.
{Warning
Raising the vehicle with the jack
improperly positioned can damage the
vehicle and even make the vehicle fall. To
help avoid personal injury and vehicle
damage, be sure to fit the jack lift head
into the proper location before raising
the vehicle.
{Warning
The jack has a feature to limit its travel
to prevent overextension. When the
height limit is reached, an increase in
resistance if felt when attempting to
raise the jack farther. Raising the jack
past the height limit can damage the jack
pin and cause the jack to lock into an
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
overextended position or not lower fully.
Do not attempt to force the jack higher
once the height limit is reached.
6. Turn the wheel wrench clockwise to raise the vehicle. Raise the vehicle far enough
off the ground so there is enough room
for the spare tire to fit under the
wheel well.
7. Remove all the wheel nuts and take offthe flat tire.
Page 382 of 441

Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD/3500 HD Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.
S./Canada/Mexico-15546003) - 2022 - CRC - 5/5/21
Vehicle Care 381
7. Shift the transfer case to 2m(Two-Wheel
Drive High). When the shift to 2
m
(Two-Wheel Drive High) is complete, the
light in the instrument cluster will stop
flashing and stay lit. See
Four-Wheel-Drive Light 0119.
8. Start the engine. Check that the vehicle is in 2
m(Two-Wheel Drive High) by
starting the engine and shifting the
transmission to D (Drive) and then to
R (Reverse). There should be movement
of the vehicle while shifting.
9. Shift the transmission to P (Park) and turn off the ignition.
10. Release the parking brake and remove the wheel blocks.
11. Reset any lost presets. The outside temperature display will
default to 0 °C (32 °F) but will reset with
normal usage.
Dolly TowingCaution
Do not tow this vehicle with two wheels
on the ground, or vehicle damage could
occur. This damage would not be covered
by the vehicle warranty.
Dolly towing this vehicle is not allowed with
either the front or the rear tires on the
ground for two-wheel drive or four-wheel
drive, regardless of transfer case.
Appearance Care
Exterior Care
Locks
Locks are lubricated at the factory. Use a
de-icing agent only when absolutely
necessary, and have the locks greased after
using. See Recommended Fluids and
Lubricants 0401.
Washing the Vehicle
To preserve the vehicle's finish, wash it
often and out of direct sunlight.
Page 429 of 441

Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD/3500 HD Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.
S./Canada/Mexico-15546003) - 2022 - CRC - 5/5/21
428 Index
IndexA
Accessories and Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Accessory Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Add-On Electrical Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Adding a Snow Plow or SimilarEquipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Additional Information OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421
Additional Maintenance and Care . . . . . . . . 398
Adjustments Lumbar, Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Agreements Trademarks and License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Air Cleaner/Filter, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202, 204
Air Filter
Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
Air Filter, Passenger Compartment . . . . . . . 207
Air Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Airbag System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
How Does an Airbag Restrain? . . . . . . . . . . 66
Passenger Sensing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
What Makes an Airbag Inflate? . . . . . . . . . 66
What Will You See after an AirbagInflates? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
When Should an Airbag Inflate? . . . . . . . . 65
Where Are the Airbags? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Airbags
Adding Equipment to the Vehicle . . . . . . . . 71
Passenger Status Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Readiness Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Servicing Airbag-Equipped Vehicles . . . . . . . 71
System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Alarm
Vehicle Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Alert Lane Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Rear Cross Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Side Blind Zone (SBZA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
All-Terrain Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
AM-FM Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
Antenna Fixed Mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Multi-band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Antilock Brake System (ABS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Appearance Care
Exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Apple CarPlay and Android Auto . . . . . . . . . .183
Assistance Program, Roadside . . . . . . . . . . . . .412
Assistance Systems for Driving . . . . . . . . . . 263
Assistance Systems for Parking and Backing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
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Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD/3500 HD Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.
S./Canada/Mexico-15546003) - 2022 - CRC - 5/5/21
Index 433
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218
Hill Descent Control (HDC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Hill Descent Control Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Hill Start Assist (HSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
How to Wear Seat Belts Properly . . . . . . . . . 56
HVAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202, 204
I
If the System Needs Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Ignition Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227, 229
Ignition Transmission Lock Check . . . . . . . . 328
Immobilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
IndicatorVehicle Ahead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Infants and Young Children, Restraints . . . . 74
Information Publication Ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Instrument Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Instrument Panel Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Interior Rearview Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 148
J
Jack
Auxiliary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Jump Starting - North America . . . . . . . . . . . 374
K
Keyless Entry Remote (RKE) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 13
Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 9
L
Labeling, Tire Sidewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Lamps Auxiliary Roof Mounted Lamp . . . . . . . . . 144
Daytime Running (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Dome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Exterior Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Exterior Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . . . . . 147
License Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
Malfunction Indicator (CheckEngine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Lane Change Alert (LCA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Lane Departure Warning (LDW) . . . . . . . . . . 268
Lane Departure Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Lap-Shoulder Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 LATCH System
Replacing Parts after a Crash . . . . . . . . . . . 89
LATCH, Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Lighting Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Illumination Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Lights Airbag Readiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Antilock Brake System (ABS)Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Brake System Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Charging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Check Engine (Malfunction
Indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Door Ajar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Driver Mode Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Electronic Stability Control (ESC), Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Engine Coolant Temperature Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Engine Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122