boot CHRYSLER CARAVAN 2005 Owner's Manual

(10) Remove the dust shield and jounce bumper as
an assembly from the strut shaft by pulling both
straight up and off the strut shaft. The dust shield
cannot be separated from the jounce bumper until
after it is removed from strut shaft.
(11) Remove the jounce bumper from the dust
shield. The jounce bumper is removed from the dust
shield by collapsing the dust shield until the jounce
bumper can be pulled free from the dust boot.
(12) Remove the spring isolator from the lower
spring seat on the strut (Fig. 38).
(13) Inspect the strut assembly components (Fig.
38) for the following and replace as necessary:
²Inspect the strut for any condition of shaft bind-
ing over the full stroke of the shaft.
²Check the upper mount for cracks and distortion
and its retaining studs for any sign of damage.
²Check the upper seat for stress cracks and wear.
²Check the upper spring isolator for severe dete-
rioration.
²Check for binding of the strut assembly pivot
bearing.
²Inspect the dust shield for rips and deteriora-
tion.
²Inspect the jounce bumper for cracks and signs
of deterioration.
ASSEMBLY - STRUT ASSEMBLY
For the disassembly and assembly of the strut
assembly, use of Strut Spring Compressor, Pentastar
Service Equipment (PSE) tool W-7200, or the equiva-
lent, is recommended to compress the coil spring.
Follow the manufacturer's instructions closely.
NOTE: Coil Springs on this vehicle are side-ori-
ented. Springs on the left side of the vehicle have a
left-hand wind top-to-bottom while springs on the
right side have a right-hand wind top-to-bottom.
Left and right springs must not be interchanged.
NOTE: If the coil spring has been removed from the
spring compressor, proceed with the next step, oth-
erwise, proceed with step 5.
(1) Place the coil spring in the compressor lower
hooks following the manufacturers instructions.
Proper orientation of the spring to the strut (once
installed) is necessary. Consider the following when
placing the coil spring in the compressor: From
above, the compressor back is at the 12 o'clock posi-
tion, and you, standing in the front of the compres-
sor, are at the 6 o'clock position. Place the lower coil
spring end at the 12 o'clock position for left springs
and at the 6 o'clock position for right springs. (Fig.
46).(2) Install the upper seat and upper isolator on top
of the coil spring. Position the notch in the perimeter
of the upper seat toward the front of the compressor
(same 6 o'clock position as in step 1).
(3) Position the upper hooks on top of the coil
spring upper seat so the upper hooks span approxi-
mately 1 inch past outside diameter of upper seat
(Fig. 47). This will allow proper clearance for upper
mount installation without pinching the hooks in-be-
tween the two pieces.Do not allow hooks to be
placed closer to edge.
(4) Compress the coil spring far enough to allow
strut installation.
(5) If the pivot bearing has been removed from the
upper seat, install the pivot bearing on the top of the
Fig. 46 Spring Positioned In Compressor (Right
Spring Shown)
1 - COMPRESSOR LOWER HOOKS
2 - COIL SPRING END
Fig. 47 Hook Placement On Upper Seat
1 - HOOKS POSITIONED 1 INCH FROM EDGE
2 - PIVOT BEARING AND UPPER SEAT
RSFRONT SUSPENSION2-23
STRUT (Continued)

upper spring seat (Fig. 48). The bearing must be
installed on upper seat with the smaller diameter
side of the pivot bearing toward the spring seat. Be
sure the pivot bearing is sitting flat on the spring
seat once mounted.
(6) Install the spring isolator on the lower spring
seat of the strut (Fig. 38).
(7) Install the jounce bumper on the strut shaft
(Fig. 38). The jounce bumper is to be installed with
the small end pointing downward.
(8) Install the dust shield on the strut. Collapse
and stretch the dust shield down over the top of the
jounce bumper until the dust shield snaps into the
slot on the jounce bumper. The jounce bumper will be
at the top of the inner dust boot. Return the dust
shield to its fully extended length.
(9) Install the strut through the bottom of the coil
spring until the lower spring seat contacts the lower
end of the coil spring. The clevis bracket on the strut
should point straight outward away from the com-
pressor (to the 6 o'clock position). If necessary, repo-
sition the strut or coil spring in the compressor so
the strut clevis bracket lines up with the lower coil
spring end as indicated in the figure (Fig. 49). Install
the clamp to hold the strut and coil spring together.
(10) Install the strut mount over the strut shaft
and onto the top of the pivot bearing and upper seat
as shown (Fig. 44). Loosely install the retaining nut
on the strut shaft.
(11) Install Strut Nut Socket (on the end of a
torque wrench), Special Tool 6864, on the strut shaft
retaining nut (Fig. 45). Next, install a 10 mm socket
on the hex on the end of the strut shaft. While hold-
ing the strut shaft from turning, tighten the strut
shaft retaining nut to a torque of 100 N´m (75 ft.
lbs.).NOTE: Before releasing the tension the compressor
has on the spring, using the following figure as ref-
erence (Fig. 50), make sure the upper spring seat,
coil spring and strut clevis bracket are all lined up
properly (within 5É of one another).
Fig. 48 Pivot Bearing Installation
1 - PIVOT BEARING
2 - UPPER SEAT
Fig. 49 Coil Spring Positioning
1 - END OF LEFT COIL SPRING AT STRUT LOWER SEAT
2 - END OF RIGHT COIL SPRING AT STRUT LOWER SEAT
3 - LOWER SEATS OF STRUTS
4 - RIGHT STRUT CLEVIS BRACKET
5 - LEFT STRUT CLEVIS BRACKET
Fig. 50 Components Lined Up
1 - IMAGINARY VERTICAL LINE
2 - CLEVIS BRACKET
3 - END OF COIL SPRING (RIGHT SIDE ONLY)
4 - NOTCH IN UPPER SPRING SEAT
2 - 24 FRONT SUSPENSIONRS
STRUT (Continued)

(11) If toe readings obtained are not within the
required specification range, adjust toe to meet the
preferred specification setting. Toe is adjustable
using the following procedure.
TOE
(1) Center the steering wheel and lock in place
using a steering wheel clamp.
CAUTION: Do not twist front inner tie rod to steer-
ing gear rubber boots during front wheel Toe
adjustment.
(2) Loosen front inner to outer tie rod end jam
nuts (Fig. 12). Grasp inner tie rods at serrations and
rotate inner tie rods of steering gear (Fig. 12) to set
front toe to the preferred toe specification. (Refer to 2
- SUSPENSION/WHEEL ALIGNMENT - SPECIFI-
CATIONS)
(3) Tighten tie rod jam nuts (Fig. 12) to 75 N´m
(55 ft. lbs.) torque.
(4) Adjust steering gear to tie rod boots at the
inner tie rod.
(5) Remove steering wheel clamp.
(6) Remove the alignment equipment.
(7) Road test the vehicle to verify the steering
wheel is straight and the vehicle does not wander or
pull.
STANDARD PROCEDURE - CURB HEIGHT
MEASUREMENT
The wheel alignment is to be checked and all align-
ment adjustments made with the vehicle at its
required curb height specification.
Vehicle height is to be checked with the vehicle on
a flat, level surface, preferably a vehicle alignment
rack. The tires are to be inflated to the recommended
pressure. All tires are to be the same size as stan-
dard equipment. Vehicle height is checked with the
fuel tank full of fuel, and no passenger or luggage
compartment load.
Vehicle height is not adjustable. If the measure-
ment is not within specifications, inspect the vehicle
for bent or weak suspension components. Compare
the parts tag on the suspect coil spring(s) to the
parts book and the vehicle sales code, checking for a
match. Once removed from the vehicle, compare the
coil spring height to a correct new or known good coil
spring. The heights should vary if the suspect spring
is weak.
(1) Measure from the inboard edge of the wheel
opening fender lip directly above the wheel center
(spindle), to the floor or alignment rack surface.
(2) When measuring, the maximum left-to-right
differential is not to exceed 12.5 mm (0.5 in.).
(3) Compare the measurements to the specifica-
tions listed in the following Curb Height Specifica-
tions charts.
Fig. 11 Camber Adjustment Cam Bolt
1 - STEERING KNUCKLE
2 - CLEVIS BRACKET CAM STOP AREAS
3 - LOWER ECCENTRIC CAMBER ADJUSTMENT BOLT
Fig. 12 Front Wheel Toe Adjustment
1 - INNER TIE ROD SERRATION
2 - OUTER TIE ROD JAM NUT
3 - OUTER TIE ROD END
4 - INNER TIE ROD
5 - STEERING KNUCKLE
RSWHEEL ALIGNMENT2-55
WHEEL ALIGNMENT (Continued)

DIFFERENTIAL & DRIVELINE
HALF SHAFT - FRONT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
HALF SHAFT - FRONT
DESCRIPTION..........................1
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HALF SHAFT.....1
REMOVAL.............................2
INSTALLATION..........................4
SPECIFICATIONS - HALF SHAFT - FRONT....6CV BOOT - INNER
REMOVAL.............................6
INSTALLATION..........................7
CV BOOT - OUTER
REMOVAL.............................10
INSTALLATION.........................11
HALF SHAFT - FRONT
DESCRIPTION
All vehicles use an unequal length half shaft sys-
tem (Fig. 1).
The left half shaft uses a tuned rubber damper
weight. When replacing the left half shaft, be sure
the replacement half shaft has the same damper
weight as the original.
All half shaft assemblies use the same type of
inner and outer joints. The inner joint of both half
shaft assemblies is a tripod joint, and the outer joint
of both half shaft assemblies is a Rzeppa joint. Both
tripod joints and Rzeppa joints are true constant
velocity (CV) joint assemblies. The inner tripod joint
allows for the changes in half shaft length through
the jounce and rebound travel of the front suspen-
sion.
On vehicles equipped with ABS brakes, the outer
CV joint is equipped with a tone wheel used to deter-
mine vehicle speed for ABS brake operation.
The inner tripod joint of both half shafts is splined
into the transaxle side gears. The inner tripod joints
are retained in the side gears of the transaxle using
a snap ring located in the stub shaft of the tripod
joint. The outer CV joint has a stub shaft that is
splined into the wheel hub and retained by a steel
hub nut.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HALF SHAFT
VEHICLE INSPECTION
(1) Check for grease in the vicinity of the inboard
tripod joint and outboard CV joint; this is a sign of
inner or outer joint seal boot or seal boot clamp dam-
age.
NOISE AND/OR VIBRATION IN TURNS
A clicking noise and/or a vibration in turns could
be caused by one of the following conditions:
²Damaged outer CV or inner tripod joint seal
boot or seal boot clamps. This will result in the loss
and/or contamination of the joint grease, resulting in
inadequate lubrication of the joint.
²Noise may also be caused by another component
of the vehicle coming in contact with the half shafts.
CLUNKING NOISE DURING ACCELERATION
This noise may be a result of one of the following
conditions:
²A torn seal boot on the inner or outer joint of the
half shaft assembly.
²A loose or missing clamp on the inner or outer
joint of the half shaft assembly.
²A damaged or worn half shaft CV joint.
SHUDDER OR VIBRATION DURING ACCELERATION
This problem could be a result of:
²A worn or damaged half shaft inner tripod joint.
RSDIFFERENTIAL & DRIVELINE3-1

²A sticking tripod joint spider assembly (inner tri-
pod joint only).
²Improper wheel alignment. (Refer to 2 - SUS-
PENSION/WHEEL ALIGNMENT - STANDARD
PROCEDURE)
VIBRATION AT HIGHWAY SPEEDS
This problem could be a result of:
²Foreign material (mud, etc.) packed on the back-
side of the wheel(s).
²Out of balance tires or wheels. (Refer to 22 -
TIRES/WHEELS - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
²Improper tire and/or wheel runout. (Refer to 22 -
TIRES/WHEELS - DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING)
REMOVAL
(1) Raise vehicle.
(2) Remove the cotter pin, nut lock (Fig. 2) and
wave washer (Fig. 3) from the end of the half shaft.
(3) Remove the wheel and tire assembly from the
vehicle. (Refer to 22 - TIRES/WHEELS - REMOVAL)
CAUTION: The halfshaft outer CV Joint, when
installed, acts as a bolt and secures the hub/bear-
ing assembly. If the vehicle is to be supported or
moved while the halfshaft is removed, it is neces-sary to install and properly torque a bolt through
the hub. This will ensure that the hub/bearing
assembly will not loosen.
Fig. 1 Unequal Length Half Shaft System
1 - STUB AXLE 8 - OUTER C/V JOINT
2 - OUTER C/V JOINT 9 - RIGHT HALFSHAFT
3 - OUTER C/V JOINT BOOT 10 - INNER TRIPOD JOINT BOOT
4 - TUNED RUBBER DAMPER WEIGHT 11 - INNER TRIPOD JOINT
5 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT 12 - INNER TRIPOD JOINT
6 - OUTER C/V JOINT BOOT 13 - INNER TRIPOD JOINT BOOT
7 - STUB AXLE 14 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT LEFT HALFSHAFT
Fig. 2 Half Shaft Retaining Nut
1 - HUB/BEARING
2 - NUT LOCK
3 - COTTER PIN
4 - STUB AXLE
3 - 2 HALF SHAFT - FRONTRS
HALF SHAFT - FRONT (Continued)

SPECIFICATIONS - HALF SHAFT - FRONT
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
DESCRIPTION N´m Ft. Lbs. In. Lbs.
Bolts, Caliper Adapter to
Knuckle169 125 -
Nut, Hub 244 180 -
Nuts, Front Wheel Lug 135 100 -
Nut, Tie Rod End to
Knuckle75 55 -
Nut, Strut Clevis to
Knuckle81 +90É 60 +90É -
CV BOOT - INNER
REMOVAL
(1) Remove the half shaft requiring boot replace-
ment from the vehicle. (Refer to 3 - DIFFERENTIAL
& DRIVELINE/HALF SHAFT - REMOVAL)
(2) Remove large boot clamp which retains inner
tripod joint sealing boot to tripod joint housing and
discard.
(3) Remove small clamp which retains inner tripod
joint sealing boot to interconnecting shaft and dis-
card.
(4) Remove the sealing boot from the tripod hous-
ing and slide it down the interconnecting shaft.
(5) Slide the tripod joint housing off the spider
assembly and the interconnecting shaft (Fig. 12).(6) Remove snap-ring which retains spider assem-
bly to interconnecting shaft (Fig. 13).Do not hit the
outer tripod bearings in an attempt to remove
spider assembly from interconnecting shaft.
(7) Remove the spider assembly from interconnect-
ing shaft. If spider assembly will not come off inter-
connecting shaft by hand, it can be removed by
tapping spider assembly with a brass drift (Fig. 14).
(8) Slide sealing boot off interconnecting shaft.
(9) Thoroughly clean and inspect spider assembly,
tripod joint housing, and interconnecting shaft for
any signs of excessive wear.If any parts show
signs of excessive wear, the half shaft assembly
will require replacement. Component parts of
these half shaft assemblies are not serviceable.
Fig. 12 Spider Assembly Removal from Tripod Joint
Housing
1 - TRIPOD JOINT HOUSING
2 - SPIDER ASSEMBLY
3 - SEALING BOOT
Fig. 13 Spider Assembly Retaining Snap-Ring
1 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT
2 - SPIDER ASSEMBLY
3 - RETAINING SNAP-RING
3 - 6 HALF SHAFT - FRONTRS
HALF SHAFT - FRONT (Continued)

INSTALLATION
(1) Slide inner CV joint seal boot retaining clamp,
onto the interconnecting shaft. Then, slide the
replacement inner CV joint sealing boot onto the
interconnecting shaft.Inner CV joint seal boot
MUST be positioned on interconnecting shaft
so the raised bead on the inside of the small
diameter end of the seal boot is in mating
groove on interconnecting shaft (Fig. 15).(2) Install spider assembly onto interconnecting
shaft (Fig. 16). Spider assembly must be installed on
interconnecting shaft far enough to fully install spi-
der retaining snap-ring. If the spider assembly will
not fully install on interconnecting shaft by hand, it
can be installed by tapping the spider body with a
brass drift (Fig. 17).Do not hit the outer tripod
bearings in an attempt to install spider assem-
bly on interconnecting shaft.
Fig. 14 Spider Assembly Removal from
Interconnecting Shaft
1 - SPIDER ASSEMBLY
2 - DO NOT HIT SPIDER ASSEMBLY BEARINGS WHEN
REMOVING SPIDER ASSEMBLY
3 - BRASS DRIFT
4 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT
Fig. 15 Sealing Boot Installation on Interconnecting
Shaft
1 - SEALING BOOT
2 - RAISED BEAD IN THIS AREA OF SEALING BOOT
3 - GROOVE
4 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT
Fig. 16 Spider Assembly Installation on
Interconnecting Shaft
1 - SPIDER ASSEMBLY
2 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT
Fig. 17 Installing Spider Assembly on
Interconnecting Shaft
1 - DO NOT HIT BEARINGS WHEN INSTALLING THE SPIDER
ASSEMBLY
2 - SPIDER ASSEMBLY
3 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT
4 - BRASS DRIFT
RSHALF SHAFT - FRONT3-7
CV BOOT - INNER (Continued)

(3) Install the spider assembly to interconnecting
shaft retaining snap-ring into groove on end of inter-
connecting shaft (Fig. 18). Be sure the snap-ring is
fully seated into groove on interconnecting shaft.
(4) Distribute 1/2 the amount of grease provided in
the seal boot service package (DO NOT USE ANY
OTHER TYPE OF GREASE) into tripod housing. Put
the remaining amount into the sealing boot.
(5) Align tripod housing with spider assembly and
then slide tripod housing over spider assembly and
interconnecting shaft (Fig. 19).
(6) Install inner CV joint seal boot to interconnect-
ing shaft clamp evenly on sealing boot.(7) Place crimping tool C-4975-A over bridge of
clamp (Fig. 20).
(8) Tighten nut on crimping tool C-4975-A until
jaws on tool are closed completely together, face to
face (Fig. 21).
CAUTION: Seal boot must not be dimpled, stretched
or out of shape in any way. If seal boot is NOT
shaped correctly, equalize pressure in seal and
shape it by hand.
Fig. 18 Spider Assembly Retaining Snap-Ring
Installed
1 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT
2 - SPIDER ASSEMBLY
3 - RETAINING SNAP-RING
Fig. 19 Installing Tripod Housing on Spider
Assembly
1 - TRIPOD JOINT HOUSING
2 - SPIDER ASSEMBLY
3 - SEALING BOOT
Fig. 20 Crimping Tool Installed on Sealing Boot
Clamp - Typical
1 - SPECIAL TOOL C-4975-A
2 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT
3 - CLAMP
4 - SEALING BOOT
Fig. 21 Sealing Boot Retaining Clamp Installed -
Typical
1 - CLAMP
2 - JAWS OF SPECIAL TOOL C-4975-A MUST BE CLOSED
COMPLETELY TOGETHER HERE
3 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT
4 - SEALING BOOT
3 - 8 HALF SHAFT - FRONTRS
CV BOOT - INNER (Continued)

(9) Position sealing boot into the tripod housing
retaining groove. Install seal boot retaining clamp
evenly on sealing boot.
(10) Position trilobal boot to interface with the tri-
pod housing. The lobes of the boot must be properly
aligned with the recess's of the tripod housing.
CAUTION: The following positioning procedure deter-
mines the correct air pressure inside the inner CV
joint assembly prior to clamping the sealing boot to
inner CV joint housing. If this procedure is not done
prior to clamping sealing boot to CV joint housing
sealing boot durability can be adversely affected.
CAUTION: When venting the inner CV joint assembly,
use care so that the inner CV sealing boot does not
get punctured, or in any other way damaged. If sealing
boot is punctured, or damaged in any way while being
vented, the sealing boot can not be used.
(11) Insert a trim stick between the CV joint hous-
ing and the sealing boot insert to vent inner CV joint
assembly (Fig. 22).When inserting trim stick
between tripod housing and sealing boot
ensure trim stick is held flat and firmly against
the tripod housing. If this is not done damage
to the sealing boot can occur.
(12)
With trim stick inserted between sealing boot
insert and the CV joint housing, position the intercon-
necting shaft so it is at the center of its travel in the
tripod joint housing. Remove the trim stick from
between the sealing boot insert and the CV joint hous-
ing.This procedure will equalize the air pressurein the CV joint, preventing premature sealing
boot failure.
(13) Clamp CV joint sealing boot to CV joint, using
required procedure for type of boot clamp application.
CRIMP TYPE BOOT CLAMP
If seal boot uses crimp type boot clamp, use the fol-
lowing procedure to install the retaining clamp.
(1) Place crimping tool C-4975-A over bridge of
clamp (Fig. 23).
(2) Tighten nut on crimping tool C-4975-A until
jaws on tool are closed completely together, face to
face (Fig. 24).
Fig. 22 Trim Stick Inserted for Venting CV Joint
1 - INNER CV JOINT SEALING BOOT
2 - SEALING BOOT CLAMP
3 - INNER CV JOINT HOUSING
4 - TRIM STICK
Fig. 23 Crimping Tool Installed on Sealing Boot Clamp
1 - CLAMP
2 - TRIPOD JOINT HOUSING
3 - SPECIAL TOOL C-4975-A
4 - SEALING BOOT
Fig. 24 Sealing Boot Retaining Clamp Installed
1 - CLAMP
2 - TRIPOD HOUSING
3 - SPECIAL TOOL C-4975-A
4 - JAWS OF SPECIAL TOOL C-4975-A MUST BE CLOSED
COMPLETELY TOGETHER HERE
5 - SEALING BOOT
RSHALF SHAFT - FRONT3-9
CV BOOT - INNER (Continued)

LATCHING TYPE BOOT CLAMP
If seal boot uses low profile latching type boot
clamp, use the following procedure to install the
retaining clamp.
(1) Place prongs of clamp locking tool in the holes
of the clamp (Fig. 25).
(2) Squeeze tool together until top band of clamp is
latched behind the two tabs on lower band of clamp
(Fig. 26).
(14) Install the half shaft back into the vehicle.
(Refer to 3 - DIFFERENTIAL & DRIVELINE/HALF
SHAFT - INSTALLATION)
CV BOOT - OUTER
REMOVAL
(1) Remove halfshaft assembly requiring boot
replacement from vehicle. (Refer to 3 - DIFFEREN-
TIAL & DRIVELINE/HALF SHAFT - REMOVAL)
(2) Remove large boot clamp retaining C/V joint
sealing boot to C/V joint housing (Fig. 27) and dis-
card. Remove small clamp that retains outer C/V
joint sealing boot to interconnecting shaft and dis-
card. Remove sealing boot from outer C/V joint hous-
ing and slide it down interconnecting shaft.
(3) Wipe away grease to expose outer C/V joint and
interconnecting shaft.
(4) Remove outer C/V joint from interconnecting
shaft using the following procedure: Support inter-
connecting shaft in a vise equipped with protective
caps on jaws of vise to prevent damage to intercon-
necting shaft. Then, using a soft±faced hammer,
sharply hit the end of the C/V joint housing to dis-
lodge housing from internal circlip on interconnecting
shaft (Fig. 28). Then slide outer C/V joint off end of
interconnecting shaft, joint may have to be tapped off
shaft using asoft±facedhammer.
(5) Remove large circlip (Fig. 29) from the inter-
connecting shaft before attempting to remove outer
C/V joint sealing boot.
(6) Slide sealing boot off interconnecting shaft.
(7) Thoroughly clean and inspect outer C/V joint
assembly and interconnecting joint for any signs of
excessive wear.If any parts show signs of exces-
sive wear, the halfshaft assembly will require
replacement. Component parts of these half-
shaft assemblies are not serviceable.
Fig. 25 Clamping Tool Installed on Sealing Boot
Clamp
1 - CLAMP
2 - TOOL YA3050, OR EQUIVALENT
3 - SEALING BOOT
Fig. 26 Sealing Boot Clamp Correctly Installed
1 - INNER TRIPOD JOINT HOUSING
2 - TOP BAND OF CLAMP MUST BE RETAINED BY TABS AS
SHOWN HERE TO CORRECTLY LATCH BOOT CLAMP
3 - SEALING BOOT
Fig. 27 Outer C/V Joint Seal Boot Clamps
1 - SMALL CLAMP
2 - SEALING BOOT
3 - OUTER C/V JOINT HOUSING
4 - LARGE CLAMP
5 - INTERCONNECTING SHAFT
3 - 10 HALF SHAFT - FRONTRS
CV BOOT - INNER (Continued)