differential FIAT FULLBACK 2016 1.G User Guide

110)
The rear differential lock does not
operate when the drive mode-selector
is in “2H” position (Easy select 4WD),
“2H” or “4H” position (Super select
4WD II).
When the rear differential is locked with
the drive mode-selector in “4L” or “4H”
position (Easy select 4WD), “4LLc” or
“4HLc” position (Super select 4WD II)
changing the drive mode-selector to
“2H” position (Easy select 4WD), “2H”
or “4H” position (Super select 4WD II)
makes the rear differential unlock
automatically.Rear differential lock indicator lamp
When the ignition switch is turned to
the “ON” position or the operation
mode is put in ON, the rear differential
lock indicator lamp (A) in the meter
cluster illuminates for a few seconds
then indicates the rear differential lock’s
operating status (activated or
deactivated).
The 2WD/4WD operation indicator
lamp also illuminates for a few seconds
when the ignition switch is turned to the
“ON” position or the operation mode is
put in ON. Refer to “2WD/4WD
operation indicator lamp”. The status of
the rear differential lock (resulting from
depression of the rear differential lock
switch) is shown by blinking or steady
illumination of the rear differential lock
indicator lamp.
The operation state
of rear differential
lockRear differential
lock indicator
lamp
Easy select
4WD
Rear differential lock
deactivated
Switching in progress
Rear differential lock
activated
Blink
Illuminate
Remain off
The indicator lamp blinks while the rear
differential lock is being switched
between its activated and deactivated
conditions. When the switching
operation is complete, the indicator
lamp is either illuminated steadily or not
illuminated.
The ASTC and ABS functions are
suspended while the rear differential
lock is activated. ASTC indicator lamp,
ASTC OFF indicator lamp and ABS
warning lamp are illuminated while
these functions are suspended. It does
not indicate a problem. When the rear
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A
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167

differential lock is disengaged, these
lamps go out and function again. Refer
to “ABS warning lamp”, “ASTC
indicator lamp, ASTC OFF indicator
lamp”.
If the indicator lamp continues blinking
after the switch has been pressed to
deactivate the rear differential lock, hold
the steering wheel in the straight ahead
position then slowly depress and
release the accelerator pedal several
times.
If the indicator lamp continues blinking
after the switch has been pressed to
activate the rear differential lock, bear in
mind the following instructions:
If the vehicle speed is 12 km/h or
higher, decelerate to a speed of
2.5 km/h or lower. The indicator lamp
will illuminate steadily and the rear
differential lock will be activated.
If the vehicle speed is 12 km/h or lower,
turn the steering wheel from side to
side until the indicator lamp illuminates
steadily. If the vehicle is stuck in soft
ground, make sure the area around the
vehicle is clear then repeatedly attempt
to drive forward and backward. The
indicator lamp will illuminate steadily
and the rear differential lock will be
activated.
111)
Examples of effective use of the
rear differential lock
112)
When one of the wheels has fallen
in a ditch
When driving on rocky roads
When the vehicle is unable to move
because one of the wheels is
suspended in the air.When getting out of snow
When the vehicle is unable to get going
because one of the wheels is on the
snow and the other on a paved road.
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STARTING AND DRIVING

Examples of incorrect use of the
rear differential lock
214)
215)
216) 217)
WARNING
214)If the “4L” or “4H” position (Easy
select 4WD), “4LLc” or “4HLc” position
(Super select 4WD II) is selected along with
the rear differential lock, the following
phenomena appear and it is very
dangerous. Please be sure to release the
rear differential lock on normal roads. If the
rear differential lock is used by mistake
when driving on a paved road: With the
rear differential lock on, the power to drive
the vehicle straight ahead becomes very
strong, which may make it difficult to turn
the steering wheel.
215)If the rear differential lock is used by
mistake when turning a curve or making a
right or left turn at a crossing or the like:
The vehicle is unable to make a turn and
may go straight ahead.216)If the rear differential lock is used by
mistake except when making an
emergency escape on snow or frozen
road: It becomes difficult to make a steady
turn.
217)In the case where the condition of the
road is different for the right tyre to drive
from the left tyre (such as one tyre on a
paved road and the other on ice), direction
of the vehicle may change abruptly when
engine braking or accelerating. Do not use
the rear differential lock except when
making an emergency escape on a snow
or frozen road, but drive with 4WD.
IMPORTANT
110)Operate the rear differential switch
after the wheels are stopped. Operating the
switch with the wheels turning may cause
the vehicle to dart in unexpected directions.
111)If a problem is detected in the rear
differential lock system, a safety device will
activate. The rear differential lock indicator
lamp will blink rapidly (twice per second),
and the rear differential lock will deactivate.
Park your vehicle in a safe place, turn off
the engine for a few moments. Restart the
engine. It is safe to continue driving if the
lamps resume normal operation. If the rear
differential lock indicator lamp blinks when
the rear differential lock is reactivated, have
the vehicle checked by a Fiat Dealership as
soon as possible.
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169

112)Use the rear differential lock only as an
emergency measure when the vehicle is
stuck and cannot be freed with the drive
mode-selector in “4L” or “4H” position
(Easy select 4WD) or in “4LLc” or “4HLc”
position (Super select 4WD II). Deactivate
the rear differential lock immediately after
using it.4 WHEEL DRIVE
OPERATION
By selecting 4-wheel drive, both axles
of the vehicle are rigidly connected with
each other. This improves the traction
characteristics. When turning sharp
corners or moving forward and
backward repeatedly, however, the
drive line is stressed, which is felt as a
braking effect. A 4-wheel drive vehicle
can accelerate more quickly and
smoothly.
However, note that the braking distance
is not shorter than that of a rear-wheel
drive vehicle.
When using 4-wheel drive on rough
roads (snow, mud, sand, etc.), it is
important to operate the vehicle
correctly.
The driving posture should be more
upright and closer to the wheel than
usual; adjust the seat to a good
position for easy steering and pedal
operation. Be sure to wear the seat belt
After driving on rough roads, check
each part of the vehicle and wash it
thoroughly with water. Refer to the
“Vehicle care” section and “Inspection
and maintenance following rough road
operation”.Driving on dry paved road and
highway
Select “2H” position (Easy select 4WD),
“2H” or “4H” position (Super select
4WD II) to drive on the dry paved road.
Especially on dry highway, never select
the “4H” or “4L” position (Easy select
4WD), “4HLc” or “4LLc” position (Super
select 4WD II).
113)
Driving on snowy or icy roads
Set the drive mode-selector to “4H”
position (Easy select 4WD), “4H” or
“4HLc” position in accordance with the
road conditions (Super select 4WD II)
and then gradually depress the
accelerator pedal for a smooth start.
Keep the pressure on the accelerator
pedal as constant as possible, and
drive at low speed. The use of snow
tyres and/or tyre chains is
recommended.
Maintain a safe distance between
vehicles, avoid sudden braking, and
use engine braking (downshifting).
114)
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STARTING AND DRIVING

Turning sharp corners
When turning a sharp corner in “4H” or
“4L” position (Easy select 4WD), “4HLc”
or “4LLc” position (Super select 4WD II)
at low speed, a slight difference in
steering may be experienced similar to
as if the brakes were applied. This is
called tight corner braking and results
from each of the 4 tyres being at a
different distance from the corner.
Crossing a stream
4-wheel drive vehicles are not
necessarily waterproof. If the electrical
circuits become wet, further operation
of the vehicle will be impossible;
therefore, avoid crossing streams
unless absolutely necessary. If crossing
a stream is unavoidable, use the
following procedure:
Check depths of a stream and
geographical features before
attempting to cross a stream and
ford the stream where the water is
as shallow as practicable.Set the
drive mode-selector to “4L”
position (Easy select 4WD), “4LLc”
position (Super select 4WD II).Drive
slowly at a speed of approximately
5 km/h to avoid splashing too
much water.
117) 118)
Inspection and maintenance
following rough road operation
After operating the vehicle in rough road
conditions, be sure to perform the
following inspection and maintenance
procedures:
Check that the vehicle has not been
damaged by rocks, gravel, etc.
Carefully wash the vehicle with water.
Drive the vehicle slowly while lightly
depressing the brake pedal in order to
dry out the brakes. If the brakes still do
not function properly, we recommend
you to have the brakes checked as
soon as possible.
Remove the insects, dried grass, etc.
clogging the radiator core.
After crossing a stream, be sure to have
the following items inspected at a Fiat
Dealership and take the necessary
measures:
Check the brake system and, if
necessary, have it serviced.
Check the engine, transmission,
transfer, and differential oil or grease
level and turbidity. If the oil or grease is
milky, it indicates water contamination.
Replace it with new oil or grease.
Grease the propeller shaft.
Check the inside of the vehicle. If
water is found, dry the carpet etc.
Inspect the headlamps. If the
headlamp bulb is flooded with water,
have the headlamp drained off.
IMPORTANT
113)Selecting “4H” or “4L” position (Easy
select 4WD), “4HLc” or “4LLc” position
(Super select 4WD II) to drive on dry paved
road will increase the fuel consumption with
possible noise generation and early tyre
wear. It may also increase the differential oil
temperature, resulting in possible damage
to the driving system. Further, the drive
train will be subjected to excessive loading,
possibly leading to oil leakage, component
seizure, or other serious faults.
114)Avoid sudden braking, sudden
acceleration, and sharp turning; such
operations could cause skidding and
spinouts.
115)Do not force the vehicle or drive
recklessly on sandy surfaces. In
comparison with normal road surfaces, the
engine and other drive-system components
are put under excessive strain when driving
on such a surface, and this could lead to
accidents.
116)If any of following conditions occur
while the vehicle is being driven,
immediately park your vehicle in a safe
place and follow these procedures: the
needle in the temperature gauge
approaches the overheating zone. Refer to
“Engine overheating”; automatic
transmission fluid temperature warning
lamp comes on. Refer to “When the A/T
(automatic transmission) fluid temperature
warning lamp comes on”.
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STARTING AND DRIVING

120)
Jacking up a 4-wheel drive vehicles
222)
Clutch operation
Quick or slight clutch engagement
made while the engine is running at
high speed will cause damage to the
clutch and transmission because the
tractive force is very great. Operate the
pedal slowly and positively.Limited-slip differential
A limited-slip differential is applied for
the rear wheel differential only. The
features of this limited-slip differential
are described below:
Just as with a conventional differential,
the wheel on one side is allowed to turn
at a different speed from the wheel on
the other side when the vehicle is
cornering. The difference between the
limited-slip differential and a
conventional differential is that if the
wheel on one side of the vehicle loses
traction, a greater amount of torque is
applied to the wheel on the other side
to improve traction.
Even if there is a difference in the
amount of traction the wheels can get,
if both of them are spinning, the
limited-slip differential will not be
effective.
121) 122)
IMPORTANT
119)Always use tyres of the same size,
same type, and same brand which have no
wear differences. Using the tyres which
differ in size, type, brands or the degree of
wear or the inappropriate tyre inflation
pressure, will increase the differential oil
temperature and may be impossible to shift
the transfer, resulting in possible damage to
the driving system. Further, the drive train
will be subjected to excessive loading,
possibly leading to oil leakage, component
seizure, or other serious faults.
120)Be sure to set the drive mode-selector
to “2H” position and transport the vehicle
with the driving wheels on a carriage (Type
C or D) as illustrated. Never try to tow with
the drive mode-selector in “4H” or “4L”
position (Easy select 4WD), “4H”, “4HLc” or
“4LLc” position (Super select 4WD II) and
with the front or rear wheels on the ground
(Type A or B) as illustrated. This could result
in damage to the drivetrain, or unstable
towing. If you cannot set the drive
mode-selector to “2H” position or the
transmission is malfunctioning or damaged,
transport the vehicle with all the wheels on
a carriage (Type C or D) as illustrated.
121)Never start the engine while one of the
rear wheels is jacked up and the other in
contact with the ground; doing so may
cause the vehicle to jump forward.
122)When attempting to extract the
vehicle from snow, mud, etc., and the
engine is run continuously at high speed,
the limited-slip differential will be adversely
affected.
B
C
D
A
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STARTING AND DRIVING

142)Never tow an automatic transmission
vehicle with the front wheels up (and the
rear wheels on the ground) (Type B) when
the automatic transmission fluid level is low.
This may cause serious and expensive
damage to the transmission.
143)When the engine is not running, the
brake booster and power steering pump do
not operate. This means higher brake
depression force and higher steering effort
are required. Therefore, vehicle operation is
very difficult.
144)Do not leave the ignition switch in the
“LOCK” position or the operation mode in
OFF. The steering wheel will lock, causing
loss of control.
145)On vehicles with super select 4WD II,
when you are going to tow another vehicle,
set the drive mode-selector to “4H”
position. Selecting “2H” drive may increase
the differential oil temperature, resulting in
possible damage to the driving system.
Further, the drive train will be subjected to
excessive loading possibly leading to oil
leakage, component seizure, or other
serious faults.OPERATION UNDER
ADVERSE DRIVING
CONDITIONS
On a flooded road
Avoid flooded roads. Water could enter
the brake discs, resulting in temporarily
ineffective brakes. In such cases, lightly
depress the brake pedal to see if the
brakes operate properly. If they do not,
lightly depress the pedal several times
while driving in order to dry the brake
pads.
When driving in rain or on a road with
many puddles a layer of water may
form between the tyres and the road
surface. This reduces a tyre’s frictional
resistance on the road, resulting in loss
of steering stability and braking
capability.
To cope with this, observe the following
items:
(a) Drive your vehicle at a slow speed.
(b) Do not drive on worn tyres.
(c) Always maintain the specified tyre
inflation pressures.On a snow-covered or frozen road
When driving on a snow-covered or
frozen road, it is recommended that you
use snow tyres or snow traction device
(tyre chains). Refer to the “Snow tyres”
and “Snow traction device (tyre chains)”
sections.
Avoid high-speed operation, sudden
acceleration, abrupt brake application
and sharp cornering.
Depressing the brake pedal during
travel on snowy or icy roads may cause
tyre slippage and skidding. When
traction between the tyres and the road
is reduced the wheels may skid and the
vehicle cannot readily be brought to a
stop by conventional braking
techniques. Braking will differ,
depending upon whether you have
anti-lock brake system (ABS). If you do
have ABS, brake by pressing the brake
pedal hard, and keeping it pressed. If
you do not have ABS, pump the brake
pedal with short rapid jabs, each time
fully applying and fully releasing for
greatest effect.
Allow extra distance between your
vehicle and the vehicle in front of you,
and avoid sudden braking.
Accumulation of ice on the braking
system can cause the wheels to lock.
Pull away from a standstill slowly after
confirming safety around the vehicle.
292)
204
IN CASE OF EMERGENCY

Thousand of miles9 182736455463728190
Thousand of kilometers15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
Years12345678910
Check the brake and clutch pedal play●●●●●●●●●●
Visually inspect conditions and check the
tension of the accessory drive belts●●●●●●●●●●
Visually inspect conditions and check the
tension of the toothed timing drive belts●●●●● ●●●●
Visually check for any fluid leaks from the
front and rear differentials (if leaks are found,
check the oil level)
●●● ●●● ●●
Change front and rear differential oil (5)●●
Change rear limited slip differential oil
(where present) (6)●●●
Visually check for any fluid leaks from the
transfer case (if leaks are found, check the
oil level)
●●●●● ●●●●
Change transfer case oil (8)●
Change engine oil and replace oil filter●●●●●●●●●●
Replace accessory drive belts(7)
(5) To be done only on a mileage basis, independently of the time. In case of heavy use, it is recommended to change every 40,000 km.
(6) To be done only on a mileage basis, independently of the time. In case of heavy use, it is recommended to change every 20,000 km.
(8)To be done only on a mileage basis.
(7) The belt should only be replaced if damage/wear is found during the periodic inspection.
228
SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE

Thousands of miles6 121825313743505662
Thousands of kilometers or10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Years12345678910
Check handbrake lever travel and adjust, if
necessary●●●●●●●●●●
Check the brake and clutch pedal play●●●●●●●●●●
Visually inspect conditions and check the
tension of the accessory drive belts●●●●●●●●●●
Visually check for any fluid leaks from the
front and rear differentials (if leaks are found,
check the oil level)
●●●●●●● ●●
Change front and rear differential oil (10)●
Change rear limited slip differential oil
(where present) (11)●●
Visually check for any fluid leaks from the
transfer case (if leaks are found, check the
oil level)
●●●●●●●●●
Change transfer case oil (8)●
Change engine oil and replace oil filter●●●●●●●●●●
Replace accessory drive belts(3)
(10) to be done only on a mileage basis, independently of the time. In case of heavy use, it is recommended to change every 40,000 km.
(11) to be done only on a mileage basis, independently of the time. In case of heavy use, it is recommended to change every 20,000 km.
(8) to be done only on a mileage basis, independently of the time.
(3) The belt should only be replaced if damage/wear is found during the periodic inspection.
233

Thousands of miles6 121825313743505662
Thousands of kilometers or10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Years12345678910
Visually inspect the integrity of the
suspension system components and their
fixings
●●●●●●●●●●
Check handbrake lever travel and adjust, if
necessary●●●●●●●●●●
Check the brake and clutch pedal play●●●●●●●●●●
Visually inspect conditions and check the
tension of the accessory drive belts●●●●●●●●●●
Visually inspect conditions and check the
tension of the toothed timing drive belts●●●● ●●●●
Visually check for any fluid leaks from the
front and rear differentials (if leaks are found,
check the oil level)
●●●●●●● ●●
Change front and rear differential oil (10)●
Change rear limited slip differential oil
(where present) (11)●●
Visually check for any fluid leaks from the
transfer case (if leaks are found, check the
oil level)
●●●●●●●●●
(10) to be done only on a mileage basis, independently of the time. In case of heavy use, it is recommended to change every 40,000 km.
(11) to be done only on a mileage basis, independently of the time. In case of heavy use, it is recommended to change every 20,000 km.
238
SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE