differential FIAT FULLBACK 2018 Owner handbook (in English)

NOTE If the low range lamp blinks
when you attempt to make a “4HLc” —
“4LLc” selection, a “4HLc” — “4LLc”
selection cannot be made. Stop the
vehicle and release the accelerator
pedal. Next, hold down the clutch pedal
(with manual transmission) or place the
selector lever in the “N” (NEUTRAL)
position (with automatic transmission)
and make the range selection again.
NOTE The ESC function is suspended
while “4LLc” is selected
indicator
lamp is illuminated while these functions
are suspended. It does not indicate a
problem. When “2H” or “4H” or “4HLc”
is selected, this lamp goes out and
function again. Refer to “ESC indicator
lamp, ESC OFF indicator lamp”.
140)
IMPORTANT
137)The “4LLc” range gives maximum
torque for low-speed driving on steep
slopes, as well as sandy, muddy, and other
difficult surfaces. On vehicles with
automatic transmission, do not exceed
speeds of approximately 70 km/h in “4LLc”
range.
138)Do not drive your vehicle in the
“4HLc” or “4LLc” position on dry paved
roads and highways. Doing so may result in
excessive tyre wear, increased fuel
consumption, and possible noise
generation. It may also increase the
differential oil temperature, which may
damage the drive system. Further, the drive
train will be subjected to excessive loading,
resulting in oil leakage, component seizure,
or other serious problems. On dry paved
roads and highways, drive the vehicle in
“2H” or “4H” only.
139)Do not operate the drive
mode-selector while the rear wheels of the
vehicle are slipping on snow or ice.
140)If a problem is detected in the transfer
system, a safety device will activate. The
front and rear wheel lamps will go out, the
centre differential lock lamp will blink rapidly
(twice per second), and transfer shifting will
become impossible fig. 277. Park your
vehicle in a safe place, turn off the engine
for a few moments. Restart the engine. The
lamp should resume normal operation. If
the lamps continue to blink, have the
vehicle checked by a Fiat Dealership as
soon as possible.
REAR DIFFERENTIAL
LOCK
(where provided)
If one wheel starts to spin freely and the
vehicle becomes stuck and cannot be
freed even using 4-wheel drive, the rear
differential lock switch (A) can be used
to activate the rear differential lock for
extra traction.
Operating the rear differential lock
1. Bring the vehicle to a complete stop.
2. Move the drive mode-selector to
“4L” or “4H” position (Easy select
4WD), “4LLc” or “4HLc” position (Super
select 4WD II).
3. To activate the rear differential lock,
press the rear differential lock switch
(A).
4. To deactivate the rear differential
lock, press the rear differential lock
switch (B).
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141)
NOTE The rear differential lock does
not operate when the drive
mode-selector is in “2H” position (Easy
select 4WD), “2H” or “4H” position
(Super select 4WD II).
NOTE When the rear differential is
locked with the drive mode-selector in
“4L” or “4H” position (Easy select
4WD), “4LLc” or “4HLc” position (Super
select 4WD II) changing the drive
mode-selector to “2H” position (Easy
select 4WD), “2H” or “4H” position
(Super select 4WD II) makes the rear
differential unlock automatically.
Rear differential lock indicator lamp
When the ignition switch is turned to
the “ON” position or the operation
mode is put in ON, the rear differential
lock indicator lamp (A) in the meter
cluster illuminates for a few seconds
then indicates the rear differential lock’s
operating status (activated or
deactivated).Easy Select 4WD
Super Select 4WD II
The 2WD/4WD operation indicator
lamp also illuminates for a few seconds
when the ignition switch is turned to the
“ON” position or the operation mode is
put in ON. Refer to “2WD/4WD
operation indicator lamp”. The status ofthe rear differential lock (resulting from
depression of the rear differential lock
switch) is shown by blinking or steady
illumination of the rear differential lock
indicator lamp.
Operation
state of rear
differential
lockRear differential lock
indicator lamp
Easy
Select
4WDSuper
Select
4WD II
Rear differential
lock
deactivated
Switching in
progress
Rear differential
lock activated
Blink
Illuminate
Remain off
The indicator lamp blinks while the rear
differential lock is being switched
between its activated and deactivated
conditions. When the switching
operation is complete, the indicator
lamp is either illuminated steadily or not
illuminated.
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STARTING AND DRIVING

The ESC and ABS functions are
suspended while the rear differential
lock is activated. ESC indicator lamp,
ESC OFF indicator lamp and ABS
warning lamp are illuminated while
these functions are suspended. It does
not indicate a problem. When the rear
differential lock is disengaged, these
lamps go out and function again. Refer
to “ABS warning lamp”, “ESC indicator
lamp, ESC OFF indicator lamp”.
If the indicator lamp continues blinking
after the switch has been pressed to
deactivate the rear differential lock, hold
the steering wheel in the straight ahead
position then slowly depress and
release the accelerator pedal several
times.
If the indicator lamp continues blinking
after the switch has been pressed to
activate the rear differential lock, bear in
mind the following instructions:
If the vehicle speed is 12 km/h or
higher, decelerate to a speed of
2.5 km/h or lower. The indicator lamp
will illuminate steadily and the rear
differential lock will be activated.
If the vehicle speed is 12 km/h or lower,
turn the steering wheel from side to
side until the indicator lamp illuminates
steadily. If the vehicle is stuck in soft
ground, make sure the area around the
vehicle is clear then repeatedly attempt
to drive forward and backward. Theindicator lamp will illuminate steadily
and the rear differential lock will be
activated.
142)
Examples of effective use of the
rear differential lock
143)
When one of the wheels has fallen
in a ditch
When driving on rocky roads
When the vehicle is unable to move
because one of the wheels is
suspended in the air.When getting out of snow
When the vehicle is unable to get going
because one of the wheels is on the
snow and the other on a paved road.
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179

Examples of incorrect use of the
rear differential lock
234) 235)
236)
237) 238)
WARNING
234)If the “4L” or “4H” position (Easy
Select 4WD), “4LLc” or “4HLc” position
(Super Select 4WD II) is selected along
with the rear differential lock, the following
phenomena appear and it is very
dangerous. Please be sure to release the
rear differential lock on normal roads.
235)If the rear differential lock is used by
mistake when driving on a paved road:
With the rear differential lock on, the power
to drive the vehicle straight ahead
becomes very strong, which may make it
difficult to turn the steering wheel.
236)If the rear differential lock is used by
mistake when turning a curve or making a
right or left turn at a crossing or the like:
The vehicle is unable to make a turn and
may go straight ahead.237)If the rear differential lock is used by
mistake except when making an
emergency escape on snow or frozen
road: It becomes difficult to make a steady
turn.
238)In the case where the condition of the
road is different for the right tyre to drive
from the left tyre (such as one tyre on a
paved road and the other on ice), direction
of the vehicle may change abruptly when
engine braking or accelerating. Do not use
the rear differential lock except when
making an emergency escape on a snow
or frozen road, but drive with 4WD.
IMPORTANT
141)Operate the rear differential switch
after the wheels are stopped. Operating the
switch with the wheels turning may cause
the vehicle to dart in unexpected directions.
142)If a problem is detected in the rear
differential lock system, a safety device will
activate. The rear differential lock indicator
lamp will blink rapidly (twice per second),
and the rear differential lock will deactivate.
Park your vehicle in a safe place, turn off
the engine for a few moments. Restart the
engine. It is safe to continue driving if the
lamps resume normal operation. If the rear
differential lock indicator lamp blinks when
the rear differential lock is reactivated, have
the vehicle checked by a Fiat Dealership as
soon as possible.
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STARTING AND DRIVING

143)Use the rear differential lock only as an
emergency measure when the vehicle is
stuck and cannot be freed with the transfer
shift lever or the drive mode-selector in “4L”
or “4H” position (Easy Select 4WD) or in
“4LLc” or “4HLc” position (Super Select
4WD II). Deactivate the rear differential lock
immediately after using it.4 WHEEL DRIVE
OPERATION
By selecting 4-wheel drive, both axles
of the vehicle are rigidly connected with
each other. This improves the traction
characteristics. When turning sharp
corners or moving forward and
backward repeatedly, however, the
drive line is stressed, which is felt as a
braking effect. A 4-wheel drive vehicle
can accelerate more quickly and
smoothly.
However, note that the braking distance
is not shorter than that of a rear-wheel
drive vehicle.
When using 4-wheel drive on rough
roads (snow, mud, sand, etc.), it is
important to operate the vehicle
correctly.
NOTE The driving posture should be
more upright and closer to the wheel
than usual; adjust the seat to a good
position for easy steering and pedal
operation. Be sure to wear the seat
belt.
NOTE After driving on rough roads,
check each part of the vehicle and
wash it thoroughly with water. Refer to
“Vehicle care” and “Inspection and
maintenance following rough road
operation”.Driving on dry paved road and
highway
Select “2H” position (Easy Select 4WD),
“2H” or “4H” position (Super Select
4WD II) to drive on the dry paved road.
Especially on dry highway, never select
the “4H” or “4L” position (Easy Select
4WD), “4HLc” or “4LLc” position (Super
Select 4WD II).
144)
Driving on snowy or icy roads
Set the drive mode-selector to “4H”
position (Easy Select 4WD), “4H” or
“4HLc” position in accordance with the
road conditions (Super Select 4WD II)
and then gradually depress the
accelerator pedal for a smooth start.
Keep the pressure on the accelerator
pedal as constant as possible, and
drive at low speed.
NOTE The use of snow tyres and/or
tyre chains is recommended.
NOTE Maintain a safe distance
between vehicles, avoid sudden
braking, and use engine braking
(downshifting).
145)
Driving on sandy or muddy roads
Set the drive mode-selector to “4H” or
“4L” position (Easy Select 4WD),
“4HLc” or “4LLc” position (Super Select
4WD II) and then gradually depress the
accelerator pedal for a smooth start.
Keep the pressure on the accelerator
181

1 – Check depths of a stream and
geographical features before attempting
to cross a stream and ford the stream
where the water is as shallow as
practicable.
2 – Set the drive mode-selector to “4L”
position (Easy Select 4WD), “4LLc”
position (Super Select 4WD II).
3 – Drive slowly at a speed of
approximately 5 km/h to avoid
splashing too much water.
148) 149)
Inspection and maintenance
following rough road operation
After operating the vehicle in rough road
conditions, be sure to perform the
following inspection and maintenance
procedures:
Check that the vehicle has not been
damaged by rocks, gravel, etc.
Carefully wash the vehicle with water.
Drive the vehicle slowly while lightly
depressing the brake pedal in order to
dry out the brakes. If the brakes still do
not function properly, contact a Fiat
Dealership as soon as possible to have
the brakes checked.
Remove the insects, dried grass, etc.
clogging the radiator core and the A/T
oil cooler.
After crossing a stream, be sure to have
the following items inspected at a Fiat
Dealership and take the necessary
measures:
Check the brake system and, if
necessary, have it serviced.
Check the engine, transmission,
transfer, and differential oil or grease
level and turbidity. If the oil or grease is
milky, it indicates water contamination.
Replace it with new oil or grease.
Grease the propeller shaft.
Check the inside of the vehicle. If
ingress of water is found, dry the carpet
etc.
Inspect the headlamps. If the
headlamp bulb is flooded with water,
have the headlamp drained off.
IMPORTANT
144)Selecting “4H” or “4L” position (Easy
Select 4WD), “4HLc” or “4LLc” position
(Super Select 4WD II) to drive on dry paved
road will increase the fuel consumption with
possible noise generation and early tyre
wear. It may also increase the differential oil
temperature, resulting in possible damage
to the driving system. Further, the drive
train will be subjected to excessive loading,
possibly leading to oil leakage, component
seizure, or other serious faults.
145)Avoid sudden braking, sudden
acceleration, and sharp turning; such
operations could cause skidding and
spinouts.146)Do not force the vehicle or drive
recklessly on sandy surfaces. In
comparison with normal road surfaces, the
engine and other drive-system components
are put under excessive strain when driving
on such a surface, and this could lead to
accidents.
147)If any of following conditions occur
while the vehicle is being driven,
immediately park your vehicle in a safe
place and follow these procedures: the
needle in the temperature gauge
approaches the overheating zone. Refer to
“Engine overheating”; automatic
transmission fluid temperature warning
lamp comes on. Refer to “When the A/T
(automatic transmission) fluid temperature
warning lamp comes on”.
148)Never cross a stream where the water
is deep. Do not change gears while
crossing the stream. Frequent crossing of
streams can adversely affect the life span
of the vehicle; we recommend you to take
the necessary measures to prepare,
inspect, and repair the vehicle.
149)After crossing a stream, apply the
brakes to be sure they are functioning
properly. If the brakes are wet and not
functioning properly, dry them out by
driving slowly while lightly depressing the
brake pedal. Inspect each part of the
vehicle carefully.
183

151)
Jacking up a 4-wheel drive vehicles
243)
Clutch operation
Quick or slight clutch engagement
made while the engine is running at
high speed will cause damage to the
clutch and transmission because the
tractive force is very great. Operate the
pedal slowly and positively.
IMPORTANT
150)Always use tyres of the same size,
same type, and same brand which have no
wear differences. Using the tyres which
differ in size, type, brands or the degree of
wear or the inappropriate tyre inflation
pressure, will increase the differential oil
temperature, resulting in possible damage
to the driving system. Further, the drive
train will be subjected to excessive loading,
possibly leading to oil leakage, component
seizure, or other serious faults.
151)Transport the vehicle with the driving
wheels on a carriage (Type C or D) as
illustrated. Never try to tow with the front or
rear wheels on the ground (Type A or B) as
illustrated. This could result in damage to
the drivetrain, or unstable towing.
WARNING
243)Do not crank the engine while jacking
up the vehicle. The tyre on the ground may
turn and the vehicle may roll off the jack.
BRAKING SYSTEM
All the parts of the brake system are
critical to safety. We recommend you to
have the vehicle checked at regular
intervals according to the service
booklet.
244)
Brake system
The service brake is divided into two
brake circuits. And your vehicle is
equipped with power brakes. If one
brake circuit fails, the other is available
to stop the vehicle. If your vehicle
should lose the power assist for some
reason, the brakes will still work.
In these situations even if the brake
pedal moves down to the very end of
its possible stroke or resists being
depressed, keep depressing the brake
pedal down harder and further than
usual; stop driving as soon as possible
and have the brake system repaired.
245) 246)
Warning lamp
The brake warning lamp illuminates to
indicate a fault in the braking system.
Refer to “Brake warning lamp”.
When brakes are wet
Check the brake system while driving at
a low speed immediately after starting,
especially when the brakes are wet, to
confirm they work normally.
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175)If you tow the vehicles with automatic
transmission with the driving wheels on the
ground (Type B) as illustrated, make sure
that the towing speed and distance given
below are never exceeded, causing
damage to the transmission. Towing speed:
30 km/h Towing distance: 80 km For the
towing speed and the towing distance,
follow the local driving laws and
regulations.
176)On vehicles with manual transmission,
do not tow the vehicle with the rear wheels
on the ground (Type B) as illustrated.
177)Never tow an automatic transmission
vehicle with the front wheels up (and the
rear wheels on the ground) (Type B) when
the automatic transmission fluid level is low.
This may cause serious and expensive
damage to the transmission.
178)When the engine is not running, the
brake booster and power steering pump do
not operate. This means higher brake
depression force and higher steering effort
are required. Therefore, vehicle operation is
very difficult.
179)Do not leave the ignition switch in the
“LOCK” position or the operation mode in
OFF. The steering wheel will lock, causing
loss of control.
180)On vehicles with Super Select 4WD II,
when you are going to tow another vehicle,
set the drive mode-selector to “4H”
position. Selecting “2H” drive may increase
the differential oil temperature, resulting in
possible damage to the driving system.
Further, the drive train will be subjected to
excessive loading possibly leading to oil
leakage, component seizure, or other
serious faults.OPERATION UNDER
ADVERSE DRIVING
CONDITIONS
On a flooded road
Avoid flooded roads. In the event
driving flooded roads, doing so may
cause the following serious damage to
the vehicle.
Engine stalling
Short in electrical components
Engine damage caused by water
immersion
After driving flooded roads, be sure to
have an inspection at a Fiat Dealership
and take the necessary measures or
repair.
On a wet road
When driving in rain or on a road with
many puddles a layer of water may
form between the tyres and the road
surface. This reduces a tyre’s frictional
resistance on the road, resulting in loss
of steering stability and braking
capability.
To cope with this, observe the following
items:
(a) Drive your vehicle at a slow speed.
(b) Do not drive on worn tyres.
(c) Always maintain the specified tyre
inflation pressures.On a snow-covered or frozen road
When driving on a snow-covered or
frozen road, it is recommended that you
use snow tyres or snow traction device
(tyre chains). Refer to the “Snow tyres”
and “Snow traction device (tyre chains)”
sections.
Avoid high-speed operation, sudden
acceleration, abrupt brake application
and sharp cornering.
Depressing the brake pedal during
travel on snowy or icy roads may cause
tyre slippage and skidding. When
traction between the tyres and the road
is reduced the wheels may skid and the
vehicle cannot readily be brought to a
stop by conventional braking
techniques. Braking will differ,
depending upon whether you have
anti-lock brake system (ABS). If you do
have ABS, brake by pressing the brake
pedal hard, and keeping it pressed. If
you do not have ABS, pump the brake
pedal with short rapid jabs, each time
fully applying and fully releasing for
greatest effect.
Allow extra distance between your
vehicle and the vehicle in front of you,
and avoid sudden braking.
Accumulation of ice on the braking
system can cause the wheels to lock.
Pull away from a standstill slowly after
confirming safety around the vehicle.
342)
229

Thousand of miles12,5 25 37,5 50 62,5 75 87,5 100 112 125
Thousands of kilometers or20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Years12345678910
Visually inspect conditions and check the
tension of the accessory drive belts●●●●●●●●●●
Visually check for any fluid leaks from the
front and rear differentials (if leaks are found,
check the oil level)
●●● ●●● ●●
Change front and rear differential oil●●
Visually check for any fluid leaks from the
transfer case (if leaks are found, check the
oil level)
●●●● ●●●●
Change transfer case oil●●
Change engine oil and replace oil filter●●●●●●●●●●
Replace accessory drive belts(3)
Replace fuel filter cartridge (4)
●●●●●
Replace air cleaner cartridge (5)●●●
Check the air filter cartridge for obstructions
or damage●● ●● ●● ●
Change the brake fluid (6)●●●●●
(3) The belt should only be replaced if damage/wear is found during the periodic inspection.
(4) In case of refueling with a type of diesel that does not comply with the Euro regulations, it is recommended to change this filter each 20,000 km.
(5) If the vehicle is used in dusty areas, this cleaner must be replaced every 20,000 km.
(6) The brake fluid replacement has to be done every two years, irrespective of the mileage.
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SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE

405)Never submit alloy rims to repainting
treatments requiring the use of
temperatures exceeding 150°C. The
mechanical properties of the wheels could
be impaired.
406)Avoid switching the tyres from the
right side of the vehicle to the left side and
vice versa.
IMPORTANT
218)Always use tyres of the same size,
same type, and same brand, and which
have no wear differences. Using tyres of
different size, type, brands or degree of
wear, will increase the differential oil
temperature, resulting in possible damage
to the driving system. Further, the drive
train will be subjected to excessive loading,
possibly leading to oil leakage, component
seizure, or other serious faults.
219)Avoid using different size tyres from
the one listed and the combined use of
different types of tyres, as this can affect
driving safety.
220)Even if a wheel has the same rim size
and offset as the specified type of wheel,
its shape may prevent it from being fitted
correctly. Consult a Fiat dealership before
using wheels that you have.221)If the tyres have arrows (A) indicating
the correct direction of rotation, swap the
front and rear tyres on the left hand side of
the vehicle and the front and rear tyres on
the right hand side of the vehicle separately.
Keep each tyre on its original side of the
vehicle. When fitting the tyres, make sure
the arrows point in the direction in which
the wheels will turn when the vehicle moves
forward. Any tyre whose arrow points in the
wrong direction will not perform to its full
potential.
222)Avoid the combined use of different
types of tyres. Using different types of tyres
can affect vehicle performance and safety.
223)If winter tyres with a lower speed
rating than that indicated in the Registration
Document are used, do not exceed the
maximum speed corresponding to the
speed rating of the tyres used.
224)Observe permissible maximum speed
for your snow tyres and the legal speed
limit.
225)Choose a clear straight stretch of road
where you can pull off and still be seen
while you are fitting the snow traction
device (Tyre chains).
226)Do not fit snow traction device (Tyre
chains) before you need them. This will
wear out your tyres and the road surface.
227)After driving around 100-300 metres,
stop and retighten the snow traction device
(Tyre chains).
228)Drive cautiously and do not exceed
50 km/h. Remember that preventing
accidents is not the purpose of snow
traction device (tyre chains).
229)When snow traction device (Tyre
chains) are installed, take care that they do
not damage the disc wheel or body.230)An aluminium wheel can be damaged
by a snow traction device (Tyre chains)
while driving. When fitting a snow traction
device (Tyre chains) on an aluminium wheel,
take care that any part of the snow traction
device (Tyre chains) and fitting cannot be
brought into contact with the wheel.
231)When installing or removing a snow
traction device (Tyre chains), take care that
hands and other parts of your body are not
injured by the sharp edges of the vehicle
body.
232)Install the snow traction device (Tyre
chains) only on the rear tyres and tighten
them as tightly as possible with the ends
securely fastened.
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SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE