steering wheel FORD CAPRI 1974 Workshop Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: FORD, Model Year: 1974, Model line: CAPRI, Model: FORD CAPRI 1974Pages: 205, PDF Size: 43.75 MB
Page 152 of 205
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Chapter 9 Braking system
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: ~~ 11111JIII/IIIJ II /I /III Ii hIIllllIlIlIllllIlll 11111#111111 III! -------
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9
Fig. 9.11 Exploded view o f Iho pressure d ifferenti
J Pressure reducing vulve -description. remalln' nnd refitting
<1 SCi/Is 5 W,If/ll//y $wl(ch (j [lid ilIIIY
All models from ~pproxirniltely 1978 me lilted with il pressure ,educing valve in the rC~f hydraulic Cifelli!. The IInlve is IOCillCd on the lower Icft- hJrHJ side of the engine compn((mcnt (phOIO) ,mel 11 effectively limIts the hrakin\1 force DV
5 Unscrew the mounting bolts ,md remove the unit.
6 Refitting is a reversal of removal, but on completion bleed the
hydraulic system as descrihed in Section 15.
1 4
Hydraulic pipes and hoses -removal and refittin g
7 8.1/1 8 Body 9 R(lb/w( cover
First wke meilsures to reduce the loss 01 hydraulic fluid. If ~ rig id
pipe downstream of a fle~ible hose is being removed fit ~ hose clamp to
the hose . If this is not possible tighten a piece 01 polythene sheetinu
beneath th e livid reservoi r filler cap. 13
.1
Rear brake pressure reducing valve
2 To femove a figid pipe, unscrew the union nutS;]1 each cnd and release the pipe from the retaining ctrps. wh(Jre /riled.
be retained as a gUide.
151
)TO remove 11 fle~ible hose, lirst disconnec t the rigid pipes IN u"screwing the union nuts then unscrew the nuts securing the hose to
the 1l10unting brackets .
4 RiUid brake pipes arc normally made up from straight pipe using special bending <.rnd flare· forming lools. The old pipe should therefore 5
Refitt ing
is J revNsal o f removal, but make sure thJtlle~ible hoses
arc positioned clear of suspension or steering cOlilpo rwnts which
could chafe them. Finally bleed the hydrauhc system as deSCribed in Section 15.
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Page 158 of 205
rhapter 10 Suspension and steering
F
Front suspension
Rear suspension
, . , enflg gear (manual) Type ................... ....................•................ Steeling whecl turns (lock to lock) .. . LUbrican t type ............. ................. ...... . lUbricant capacity _ ............................. .
" G 3 ,
7 ,
• 20 1 15
"
Powel stCCIlIlg Ilump .. remOllal ,111(1 fcllting RCiU leill SI)II119 . emoval. bush renewal .1nd Iclottlng Flo;"), shock iJbSOfOO' removal ,m(/ felUtlng , ............... , Rein sl
Steering column -rCmov
Steeling wheel -rCfllov
Wlleels nlld lyres -uencrill CilfC and maintenance ...................... .
17 10 9
" 2 19 13 12 ,.
" 21
Independent. MacPherson strutS with Integral telescopic shock
ab sorbers
Rack and
pinion 3.36 SAE 90 EP gea r oil 0.15 IlIre (026 pint)
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Page 159 of 205
)8 Chapter 10 Suspension and steering
Power steerin g gear Type .. Steer ing wheel turns (lock to lock) lubrican t Iype, Lubricant capacity . Fluid Iype .
Fluid cilpacily: Sepilrilte reservoir . Integli!1 reservoir .
Front wheel alignment C",nbc, M;lXll11um dlffcrence side \0 side C
195/50VR15: Up 10 3 pe.sons . Morc th(ln 3 persons.
Torque wrench settings Fran! SIIS{!cl!siotJ Stlut upper 1110untrng . P,ston rod nut Suspen Sion ')~",{Jont St;rhiliscr birr mount"'lt . Stab iliser h;rr to track control ,)In,
Track cOIHlol ~rrn p,vot
,H'o1( slIspCIlsion od abso,bcr lower mountH'g .ock absorber upper mounting Stabillser bar to axle .. St;rl.lIlIscr har 10 underbody
U ·bol . Sprinu I.ont mount"'g . Spring rear sh;rckle
SINNing Steering gear (m~nual) Track rod end uall,oint Coupling shaft to pinion. Coupling shah t o column . Steering wheel.
Steering column.
Roa(/wiJec/s Wheel nuts/holts: Conicall;rce . FI(lt face.
General description
, -'The flonl suspension is of Independen t MacPherson Strut Iype incorpotating inleglal telescopic shock ~bsorbers and a stabilisel b~r. The ,eal suspens ion is o f semi ellip tic leaf spring·with· 'l ive ' axle Hydrau
l
ic assisted rack tlnd pinion 3.25 SAE 40 oil 0.20 litre (0.35 pint) AulOm
1- 0 ' 30' I" O· I l' O' O ' 45' 01070 nun (0 !O 0 28 ",)
185170HR13. 185/70VRI3. 205/60VR13 o. 195f50VR15 Front Rear
23(1.6) 23 (1 6) 28 (20) 28 (20)
2<1 (1 7) 28 (2.0) 28 (20) 32 (22)
28 (20) 28 (2.0) 32 (22) 32 (22)
26 (1 8) 26 (1.8) 32 (2 2)
32 (22)
N'H Ibl It
20 to 2<1 151018 40 to 45
30 to 33 <11 to <18 30 to 35
28 to 33 21 to 211 21 to 61 15 to <15 25 to 30 18 to 22
53 to 63 39 to 11 13 27 to 33 20 to 2<1 40 to 50 301037 35 to 41 26 to 30 25 to 36 181027 35 to <11 26 to 30 11 to 14 8 to 10
20 to 24 15 to 18 24 to 30 18 to 22 16 to 20
12 to 15 231030 17 to 22 27 to 34 20 to 25 17 to 20 13 to 15
85 to 115 63 to 85
115 to 140 85 to 103
type, incorporating telescopic shock absorbers and ;l stabdiser bill. The steering is of rack and pinion type, but may be either m(lnual or power·assisted . The steering wheel incorporates 11 convoluted cam which is designed to collapse rn the event 01 (In accident to prevent
injur y to Ihe driver. It is not reco mmended that the power steering gear is dismantled on Ihis work is best entrusted to a specialist.
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Page 163 of 205
162 Chapte r 10 S uspension and steering
)
Fin· 10.6 Front
@",.,i
, 5
Y 6
hub cOnll)oncnts (Sec 3)
12
1 0,1 seal 7 Diller be,?li/!{J Iwck 2 IIIlIcr bcaring wee 8 GUiN Iwmitlfl filct' 3 Inner bemiJlg /I,?ck 9 ThlllS! wilslwf 4 Screw 10 NIII 5 Disc 11 Sf"il (lin 6 H", 12 01151 C.1jJ
4 Remove the split pin frorn the nul rC\;linCf and undo the adluS\ing nul from the stub a xle. 5 Wilhd,nw the thr ust washer and the outer tapered he,..ing. 6 Pull off the complete hub ;111(1 disc ilsscrnbly ffOIl11hc s tuh tlXlc. 7 To refit locale the huh tlSscmb ly on the stub il~lc <'Ind slide on the outer hc"rinu nnd II1
1 0 Rei" the nut ret;)u)Cr SO th~t the spill pUl holes ~re ~lIg"ed. Fit a
v split pin
2 Cmelully prise out the gre.lse senl Irom the b~ck 01 the hub
Scoop out the grease 110m inside the huh imd wash clea". S Drive the new bearing tr
glease well into th e beiu ings. lully p
Front Suspension strut _ renl0v
Apply the handbrake then jack up the Iro"t of thc car ilnd SuppOrt r ViC S\Jnds, Remove the roadwheel.
.lel1love th e front hub with referen ce to Sec lion 3,
56 Front SllSI',,"~'nll Slrut uppe, moullt"l{j
5.7 Lowellnl) 110" f'o"l SUSrlt''' S'OIl ~lr"tlro"'ll"der the wheel a,ch
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3 On e~rly n,,,dds. Icmove the "\lI d brake p'pu ""d dew ch Ihe flex'hle hose 1,0 '" the br.1ckct on thu strut (, f neccssilry ruler to Ch"p ll'r 9 ).
4 OlsconneClilHlu.u:k rod l'nd from the steer;ou n'm (Sect ion 14) 5 Extrncllhl' spirt p,,'
tool.
6 Workrng Ul1d'; r Ihe bonnet. un screw the three mounting nuts sec(Jl iog the 51'Ul 10 the wheel arCh (photo). Where applicable note the location 0 1 Ihe ilce ele r" tor cnble Slipporl bracket be ne3th one of the
nulS .
7 Lower the stru t ~ssembly from undl'r the wheel arch (photo).
8 Refll,!n\) '5 i' reve rsal 01 removal. hut ti\)htcn all nuts 10 Ihe
specified torq(,e fl"fe r 10 Section s 14 and 3 as necessary.
6 F ront coil sp ring - removal and refitting
Note: In Off"" /0 ,(:mo ve Ihe corl .~"{!finy ffOIl! the strut it writ be neccssa,y /0 ub/."" .1 sui/able sP"".
Page 164 of 205
Chapter 10 S uspension and steering 163
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Fig. 10.7 Coil spri n g compressor lOo ls (Sec 6 )
\.
FiU. 1 0 .8 C o rn pressi nu the frOllt Goil spring ( S ec 6)
~ " / ron t stobiliser bar clamp mountrng
2 Mount the strut firmly i n ~ vice .
3 Fit t he spring compressor tool(s) to the coil spring and compress the spring until it is juSt clear of the upper mounting. Milke sure tho t the
1001 is f ully engilged with the spring.
4 Prise off Ihe plastic cap then unscrew Ihe pis ton nut ~nd remove
t he cranked
retoiner .
F ig . 10 .9 CU\·
ilWilY view o f th e front coil spring nnd strut mountin g compo nents (Sec 6)
A Shack absorbfN pis/ull B 51,,11
5 Remove Ihe upper 1110unling lollowed by Ihe corl spring. rebOllnd
rubber and lowe r sprrnU seal. G The coil springs are colour· coded ,1nd II a new sprong 's being I,!led
il muSI hilve the same colour code.
7 Ref itting is a reve,sal 01 removal. but il Will be neceSS
lhe centre.line of Ihe CM. Where the p iSlon rod incorpor
II~nge into the 5101
7 F ront stabiliser bar -removal
he hand brake then Jack up the front of the car and supporl
on axle stands. Remove Ihe fronl roadwheels.
2 Working under Ihe CM at the Irani. knock back the loc king tabS on the four baits securing tile two f,ont ct~mps Iha t hold the swb,hser ba r
t o the frame and then undo t he four bol tS and remove lhe clampS
,
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Page 165 of 205
Chapter 10 Suspension and steering
~ l"Nfl> BUS"'''G
~ TRACK CONT~O~ AIIM
Fig. 10. 10 FrOllt st
Front Slilblliser bJr iltlilchmCIll to tr
5 With the stilbiliscr bilr out of tire Cilr. rernovtl the sltltlve Jlld lilrge wnsher from each end 01 the bar.
7 Once the car is on its wheels. the c(lsteli,lted nUlS on Ihe ends olthe st,)bifiser bar should be tl\[htened down to the specIfIed torqlJe .. nd new spill pinS filled The four cl(lmp bOilS on the IranI mountinu poinlS must he tluhtened 10 the specliled torque and tile lockIng whs knocked up.
P
Front truck conlro l ;lrm -removal alld refitting .
Apply the h'lIldl.>r
on a~le swnds. Remove the roadwheel. 2 Working ullde! the C(lr. remove the spirt pin (lnd unscrew Ihe cilslellmed 11111 Ih"t secures the trilck coniroi
5 WithdrJw the split pin [lnd Ullscrew the nut securing the trilck control Jflll battlOIl1 10 the base 01 the suspension unit. SCpar[lte the joint. using n ball,oinl Sepnr[llo,. or wed(Jcs 6 To ret, I thc lI"ck conlrol arm . fllsl JsscOlble the track conlrol [lrm bJIl stud to Ih(~ bilse of the suspenSIon !m't 7 Reflllhe nu! ilnd tighten to the speCIfIed torque. Secure with a new spirt pin.
S Place the track control (lrill so IhJt il conectly locates over the sliIbiliser hJr nltd then secure the iIlller end.
9 Slide Ihe pivot bolt into pOSItion "0111 the "onl and sccure w ith Ihe flat washer Dud il new scll.lock,no nut. The nut must be to the rear . Trghten the nUl to Ihe specified torque. when thu car is on the ground. to Fit the dished washer to the end of the stabll iscr bDr. making sure it is the cOllect way round and secure wit h the cas tellated nut This must
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Page 167 of 205
,6 Chapter 10 Suspension and steering
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FiU · 10.11 Fl(Wr stniJiliscr b;H flnd piece positioning (Sec 11)
A IJ 2620 I J!J 111111 (/03 101m) 100111111 (0·1 mJ
1"'5 ;",(1 ,0.:1'1 tile t;1\{1 sHoec When l ilted. the wHip'cec should he 1'''~'ll'''H,,1 .15 shown III FlO 1011 DIIIlCIlS'Oll A should he betweell ?!.i 59 nlld 2Gtl 5 ""ll (102 ami 104 JI') :lnd Ih" (h(fmcncc IWlwr!f!1l IllI! two s"I"5 IIll1S! nOI he \l'catc, th.1rl 2 5 nUll (0 1 m)
(l II Ihe IJl,~hcs "' II", (,11(1 11".:';'$ "''1''''<) """,wi,I, II 'llaV I", found "'O'e COI1V"Il
h",,/.ul1,11 h.'vel (the wUIOht ",qlllred IS dpp'ox,m
J.!Ck lip the front 0 1 thn C,lr and place s1
2 Remove tile nul ~lId holt from the elnmp at the front of tile fleXIble COllpll ll(1 on the steerm!j colllllln, Tills cl,IInp hOlds the couplln(J to the pillion splines.
3 Working on the front crossmemlier, knock hilek the lockmg wbs orl the two bolts on each IJck houslllg U ·C lillllp. undo the bolt ~nd remove tbe locking tabs ~nd clamps
4 Remove Ihe split pillS
Th iS cnn be done by ensuflng that the d,swnces hetween Ihp. ends oj bOlh trllek rods 1111(1 the Stec1inu geilr hOllslng on both sides ~re the same .
7 Place the stee"ng Uear in it s 10c
-,
Fig. 10,12 COfrect position o f stnhiliser bar ruhher bush {Sec11 )
T'!jht(:n the holts to Ihe speclf,(:{! to"lne, 9 Relit the I.,lck rod ends into the stO)(:IIn!) illluS. refIt (he I:a';[ellolted nllts and II!Jhten them to the slleclfl{)d tOlque Use new spill pillS to '!:t.nn the nuts
10 T'!lhten tho I:I,II"P bolt (HI the steeru'!J COItIllHI lIex'hle couphllU to 1f1n spec""~d torque. h,)vIlI!) fll~t rnil(\e SlJlOl tholt tlul pin lOll is cOlfecily 10(;"101(1 III t he S"III1CS 1 1 Lower the cm to tho urOllnd. thcn check nrld If neceSSo1ly ildJlIst the front whlwl ;III(J 'Hncnr 015 descrd)ed in Sec lion 20.
13 Stcerinu geM (Illanual) -overhaul <111(1 adjustment
Remove tlllltr ilc k rod nnds (Section 14) then .elllove 1)nd discard the Wile retalnlllg cliPS. remove the hellows and drall1 the I"hricant 2 Mount the stee"ng Ijear in
15 LubrientIJ the ball Seilts. balls and housings. with the specified gear 011 Screw the locknuts OntO the ends of the steeling (1)ck. 1 G Assemble t he sprlllgs. waShers. bJIl seJts. track rOd ends and housing. Tighten the hOllsmgs. to obwin a rowtionnltorque of 7 N m (5 Ibf It). then lock them w ith the locknuts. Recheck the torque alter tiuhtening the locknut 17 Drill new holes (even If the o ld holes Jre in aliunment). 4 mm {O, 16
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Page 169 of 205
)8 Ch apter 10 Suspensio n and steering
\0 the SI(lcring Mill (photo) 4 USlIlg" 1)[lIi)onH SCpilriltor tool (photo). reh:o,lS(l the ['ilek rod end from the Slc(!rino ""m 5 Unscrew the h,"'IOlilt hom the ['
The power ~1P.elln\J SysHllll WIll only need blc",rhnfj Ifl the even! of . .., hell1\J Il1tl<)(hu:ed ",to the system. cu whcn: IH llI:S h;IV() IW(}1l dlscoI1l1cc«:d or whel() J Ifl.lk"(Je has occlUfed To hleed the system ···ocp.ed ;'s (1<,~<:"I)Cd III 1(11) followlllU l),l';)\J,,1I)hs
I Open llH~ hO'Hl()1 ,111<1 cl\p.(:k the Il",d h:v el "llhe Il'Sl'IVi'" Top·llp.t llucess;IIY IIS"'!J (Il<) spe.:II,ed lype of 11(11<1 3 11 11."d IS added. allow two "'''HlWS. th"l1 lUll 11m I;I\U"W at apPI{)xIIllntnly 1500 rp'" Slowly \illll lhe st'!""Il(! wheel 1,0m lo,:k to lock. wlllisl r:l\.,,;klllH and WPP"'!I up Ih e Ihlld unlll th" l"v,,1 ",m;II11S
Stf),li1y ;1<\<1 no molC hubhl"s ilPP":U I II tlw I"S,,,V,,II
" elc ;,", and refn Ihe r"servoll cap ami close II,,, 1>0"",,1
16 Power steering gear rellloval and refittinu
The p'ocedure IS Sllml", to thilt descrd)<)d III Sc(:t lon 12 10' th" m,10u,,1 steeling gC,lf NOlO. how"ver. lhm tile 111011111(1)(1 1)I)Its (jo cOllipletely tl1(ouyh lhe front e,ossmflmhe,. "nd the II.),,, nil IS a,e
I()(;ked wllh sphl pillS. Add,llon"lly lhe lIuld IIIH)S rnu~;t Iw lhsc.onnec · l"d. and atln' ,uI,Um!J the system ~hollid he loppud III' ,lnd Illed wllh lui"",,,!:,, 10 $"(;tl{>n 15 (photos)
17 Power steerillU pump remov;ll "lid rcfil1 ill\J
Loo~"n tl", «II.." Iwlley 1",lck,,1 b"lts. ,el..,ase Ih" d"ve!Jclt lellSlon. Ihcn ,emOVe II", dllvelu:lt I,,)m the P"'''I' pulley Oil 3 0 101", IIIO
h,;lc.k(,t ~nd st;)y. wlw,e ;1j)1'11 <:;,I)I". ,!Ill! ","'ove f'DIII Ihe CII!) "le (photos). The "",d..,1 C;'rl lh"" 1m (lnl)nlt"d flOm Ihe pUlllp of nccess;"y, 5 RellltlllU IS .1 ,ev,,'~al 01 I..,moval. "ul l"'Il~lon Ihe lhlvehelt ~Ild "Iced Ihe sy~IC'" wllh lek'e'll:tJ to Sec;1I0ns 2 ,!Ild 15
"V',~, , .,' , -t .~/ ,.
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A-i·J<'~ r~ _ I' .' If! h \l:: fITI \~, . '''''
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'": .. ':;' ., .... ---,.
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18 S teerinU wheel removnl nnd rIllittinu
1 Dlsconneci the lodlielY nCU~lIve le,,(1, 2 PIISC Ih" mOllf hUIll Ihe celn,,) o f Ihe stcclln(j whc,,1 (photos)
15.1 A Powef SICCIIIl(j (je,, ' showUlU pinlOrl and lowe, coupl",U ~h,,11 un,vcfsnl lo;nl 161 B Power steering ue", mountUlg bolt (,,"owed) 1 G 1 C "nd nul (""owed)
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Page 172 of 205
Chapter 10 Suspension and steering 171
19 4C Removinu the top steering column Shroud 19 G lunitlon SWitch ,1nd wirlllU (A). also COllll'lII upper mOlUllnl!J holt (0) 19.7 Removing the steering column uppcr mounlul(J holt (arrowed)
'5 Secure Ihe SIt:(;(1I1(1 lock 10 Ihe colulIlIl ,lIal ~heil' the h eads I,om ,he m:w holt~ 11) U~e the stecrin\J lock to locate the shaft in Ihe column. then III Ihe )ct,on mdlGltor OICIlJalinn GUll alld Stecrmn wheel. CtlCC~ that Ihe ruadwheels afC st,lIln the 5trai\jht·ahead P05,110l1. 17 Install the Stce!Ul(J column orommet Oil the lowm en(t. 18 LOCille the column assembly ami sr:c",e It wrth the Iwo mOllrlllng bolts. 19 The ((,milliuler of the rellllUI\J proccrl",e ,~ th" reverSI! of lhe removill procedure,
20 F ront wheel alignment and steering ilngles
Accurate front whcel alignment IS essential lor good stoer"'g and lyre WOiJr. Scion) cons,dering the steering angle. check Ihat Ihe tyres
are correctly inflated. tllnt the front wheel s arc nOI IJlJckled. the hub hea"nns arc not worn o r mcorrectly adjusted und thilt the sleflr"'g IlIlkaUfl is in IJood order. wllhout slackness or we,ll at thu Jo,nls
2 WIH;f; 1 "I'!JIununt co"s'st~ 01 loUl I"ctors, C;"lliJcr_ IS the ""Ule "t wilich the front whet:ls ,lie sci from Ihe
verllcal when v'ewud 100'" the IrOnt 01 the c"r 1'0sIt,ve camber 's Ihe .. mount (111 de\J'ee~) th"t til() whucls ,ue toited outwards at the lOp 100'"
thu vert,c;,1
Castor. ,~tho i"'~Jlu between the SIl,erlIlU ,,~,s OIrld.1 v..,'I,e.11 lone len viewud IrOIll p,lch ~,dfl 01 the C,lI 1'0~;llIve castor 's when the ~tcermu ",x,s 'S ",cloned rUiHw,,,ds ill the top jStcerinu ilxis inclin,,{ion 's lhe illl\Jle. when VIewed frOI11 the .It 01 the Cilr. bel ween the verltcal and "n 1Il'''U>I1.1ry hne drawn betwCl)n the upper ilnd lower suspensIon strut p,vots, Toe-i n IS the ilmoUl,t by wh,ch tlte dl5li"'Ce helween the frOrlt
IIlsuJu ed\Je~ 01 the rOildwhecls ('He,lsu1ed m huh heiuht) ,s less thiln lhe d'sWrlCI) ",e
6
Oht"in or m"ke
ne:w components have heen I'lted. set the ro"dwheels ,n the stral\jht·ilheil(f p05otrOn and also cent",lrse the steering wheel. AdJ"st the len\Jths of the track rods hy lllll1ing tltem so th,,! the track rod end IJ,litJoinl studs w,11 drop eils,ly onlO the eyes of the steer inu ilrlllS Measllfe the dislilllces between the centres of the hilllfOllllS illld the grooves on Ihe inner ends of the track rods and ildjust. ,r neceSSilry. so Ihiltthey me equ,ll Thl~ is all lII,t,,,1 sellinlJ only and prec,se ildillstmellt mu~t he carried oul as descrrhed earheL
21 Wheels and lyres -uonNal care and milintenl1nce
Wheels ilild tyre~ shOuld give no reill problems in usc provided thm ,1 close eye IS kept on Ihe", with re\janlto excessive weilr or dilmilge To llns end. the following pOllltS should he noted Ensure thm lyre pressures ",e checked re\Jularly ami ma,ntallled correctly. Checklllg should be c,Hried out woth the tyres cold alld nOI IIlHlledialely alter the vehicle hilS heen "I usc. II the pressures are checked w'th the tyres hOI. iln ap(l,Hently hi\jh readmlJ w,1l be ohw'lled OWlnH to heilt expJnsron. Under n<) Cllcumst
eSpecii\lIy 111 the s,dewalls Remove any na,ls or stones ell\bedded 111 the tread hefore they penetr"te lhe tyre 10 cnuse dcfliltlon If remov,,1 {)i
dilll1i1ged by ·kerbing· wh,lst par king. and simililrly stee l wheels may hecome denIed or buckled, Renewnl of the wheel rs very ohenthe only course of rellled'ill ilct,on poss,ble, The balance 01 each wheel Jnd tyre ilssembly should be mainta,ned to ilvoid excess,ve weilr, not only 10 the tyres but illso to the s teering and suspension components. Wheel imbillilnce 's normilily S'\ln, f,ed by v,i)rilllOn through the veillcle·s bodyshell. illthouUh III many c~ses it IS piullcularly nOliceahle Ihrouoh the steenng whuel. Conversely. it ~hould bc noted thilt weilr o r dilnlaUc 111 suspellS IOll or steer ing components may '.:ause e~ceSSlve tyre wear. Out·of·round or out-of· t!Ue lyres, damaged wheels and wheel !leafing weilf/ nlilladJustntent also lilll into th
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Page 173 of 205
Chap te r 1 0 S uspension and steering
Wheel b,ll,lncing may bo carried out wllh the wheel Mher on or off the v eh icle. II b
5ylllptOlll
III(; le pulls t o on!! ~Idll
Slecnl1!l ~trll or h eav y
Excessivc pt;Jy in s!Cerinu
W twd wohhtH ,11111 v,h,nIIOI1
Ty,,~ W(~;II 1lI11,VCn
leg,l ! restri ctions "pply \0 the mixing 0 1 tyre types on a vehicle . Bilsic;lfly this means Ihil a vehicle must nOt have Iy,es of dilleling conStruction on the same axle. Althoug h ;1 is nOI recommended t o mIx tyre type s belween Iront
InCOlfect whcel o1lrUlIlllent WC,II In SIISI)()IlS'On 01 SI(""""! I CO""llOnents Ar.r.uic"t .1""'''!lC 1 0 SUSllf,nSlon o r ~I.w" nu compUll"nts IIlr.Olllll:t lyre p.eSSUlt's
Lack 01 SieIJIIIl!J \J
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