service FORD E SERIES 1999 4.G 7.3L Diesel Supplement Manual

Introduction 2
Diesel information 4
Warning lights 7
Starting 9
Driving tips 14
General maintenance information 19
Scheduled maintenance 32
Minor troubleshooting guide 33
Capacities and specifications 36
Service points 38
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Copyright
r1998 Ford Motor Company
Table of contents
1

DIESEL ENGINE INFORMATION
The diesel engine fuel system consists of:
²a frame-mounted electric fuel supply pump
²an engine mounted fuel filter/water separator
²a fuel restriction sensor
²a unit injector for each cylinder
The combination fuel filter/water separator removes both water and
impurities from the fuel. The filter should be changed at the
recommended service interval. Refer to the ªService Guideº for more
information. The filter bowl should be drained at regular intervals or
when the ªWATER IN FUELº light illuminates in the instrument cluster.
The fuel injectors are located in the center of the combustion chambers
in the cylinder head between the rocker arm assemblies. The glow plug
system and fuel injection system are controlled through the powertrain
control module (PCM).
Fuel is drawn from the fuel tank by a frame-mounted electric fuel pump.
The fuel pump provides pressurized fuel to the engine and is
electronically controlled by the fuel pump PCM relay. The fuel pump
contains a pressure relief valve for overpressure protection in the event
of restricted flow.
Lubrication system
It is important to change the engine oil at the recommended service
intervals, because oil viscosity is important in maintaining the oil
pressure required to actuate the fuel injectors. Extended oil change
intervals can negatively affect engine performance and fuel economy.
The turbocharger, which is supplied pressurized oil, is also used to
actuate an exhaust backpressure warm-up system (if equipped).
Pressurized oil returning to the turbocharger is routed to the exhaust
backpressure actuator. During exhaust backpressure operation, the
engine's sound will be altered and you may notice a change in engine
performance while it's engaged. This function occurs only during cold
weather warm-up cycle.
Diesel information
4

Operation in standing water
Ingestion of water into the diesel engine can result in immediate and
severe damage to the engine. If driving through water, slow down to
avoid splashing water into the intake. If the engine stalls, and ingestion
of water into the engine is suspected, do not try to restart the engine.
Consult your dealer for service immediately. Follow the cylinder
compression test procedure outlined in the Workshop Manual, then
check the engine oil for contamination.
Engine block heater (if equipped)
Refer to theStartingchapter in your Owner Guide.
JUMP STARTING YOUR VEHICLE
The gases around the battery can explode if exposed to flames,
sparks, or lit cigarettes. An explosion could result in injury or
vehicle damage.
Do not push start your vehicle. You could damage the catalytic
converter.
Batteries contain sulfuric acid which burns skin, eyes, and
clothing.
Preparing your vehicle
Also see the label on the battery.
1. Use only a 12±volt supply to start your vehicle. If you connect your
battery to a 24±volt power supply you can damage your starter, ignition
system and other electrical components. Do not attach the jumper cables
to the glow plug relay as this could severely damage the glow plugs,
injector driver module and PCM.
2. Do not disconnect the battery of the disabled vehicle as this could
damage the vehicle's electrical system.
3. Park the booster vehicle close to the hood of the disabled vehicle
making sure theydo nottouch. Set the parking brake on both vehicles
and stay clear of the engine cooling fan and other moving parts.
Starting
11

SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE
The Scheduled Maintenance Services in the Service Guide are required
because they are considered essential to the life and performance of
your vehicle.
Use only recommended fuel, lubricants, fluids and service parts
conforming to Ford specifications. Motorcraft parts are designed and
built for best performance in your vehicle.
WASHING THE DIESEL ENGINE
Never wash the engine when it is warm, hot or running. Spraying water
or other cleaning fluids on a warm engine can seriously damage the
engine's fuel system. When washing the engine, the air cleaner must be
in place to prevent water from splashing into the engine.
FUEL REQUIREMENTS
The engine is designed to use low sulfur number 1±D or 2±D diesel fuel
only. At temperatures below -7ÉC (20ÉF), number 1±D or winter blend
number 2±D fuel is recommended. (See ªCold Weather Operationº in the
Startingchapter.)
Do not use fuel intended for agricultural use (agricultural fuel is
dyed red), home heating oil or any diesel fuel not intended for
highway use. Damage to the fuel injection system or engine can
occur if an improper fuel is used.
Do not add gasoline, gasohol or alcohol to diesel fuel. This practice
creates a serious fire hazard and engine performance problems.
It should not be necessary to add any aftermarket additives to your fuel
tank if you use a properly formulated diesel fuel that meets the ASTM D
975 industry specification. Aftermarket additives can damage the injector
system or engine.
Do not blend used engine oil with diesel fuel under any circumstances.
Blending used oil with the fuel will significantly increase your vehicle's
exhaust emissions and reduce engine life due to increased internal wear.
Do not crank the engine for more than 30 seconds at a time as
damage to the starter motor may result.
If the engine fails to start in 30 seconds, turn the key to the OFF
position and wait 30 seconds before trying again.
General maintenance information
19

Engine oil specifications
To help achieve proper engine performance and durability, it is important
that only engine lubricating oils of the proper quality are used in your
diesel engine and that the engine oil is changedno laterthan the
recommended interval. Diesel engines require specially formulated oil to
resist contamination. Proper quality oils also provide maximum efficiency
of the crankcase ventilating system which reduces air pollution.
For normal or severe service, use Motorcraft oil or an equivalent oil
conforming to Ford Specification WSS-M2C171±C or API Service
categories CG-4/SH. Do not use oil labeled with only one of the following
category designations; SG, SH, CE, CF-4, or CG-4, as they could cause
engine damage.
Engine oils with improved fuel economy properties (energy conserving)
are currently available. If you use an energy conserving oil, be sure it
meets the recommended Ford Specification,APIservice categories and
SAE viscosity grades listed in the Lubricant and Maintenance Materials
Specifications chart. Some energy conserving oilsdo notmeet the
requirements necessary for your diesel engine.
The use of correct oil viscosities for diesel engines is important for
satisfactory operation. Determine which oil viscosity best suits the
temperature range you expect to encounter for the next service interval.
SAE VISCOSITY GRADES
EXPECTED TEMPERATURE RANGE
F˚ -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 C˚50 60 70 80 90 100
*15W-40 Preferred
10W-30
5W-30
0W-30Preferred
General maintenance information
23

A symbol has been developed by the
American Petroleum Institute (API)
to help you select the proper engine
oil. It will be included on the oil
container you purchase. The top
section of the symbol shows the oil
performance by the API designation.
This should match the owner guide recommendation. The center section
will show the SAE viscosity grade. The lower section will state energy
conserving if the oil has proven fuel saving capabilities.
Changing engine oil and filter
Change your oil and filter according to the ªService Guideº. Change more
frequently if your vehicle operation includes extended periods of idling
or low-speed operation, driving for a long time in cold temperatures or
driving short distances. See the following section ªEngine Lubrication for
Severe Service Operationº for all severe duty restrictions.
Use Ford Engine Oil Filter Part No. F4TZ-6731±A (FL±1995) or
equivalent. These filters protect your engine by filtering harmful,
abrasive or sludge particles. The FL±1995 filters particles significantly
smaller than most available ªwill fitº filters.
To replace, use an oil filter wrench to unscrew the filter from the oil
cooler fitting. Turn it horizontally to let excess oil drain off, and remove.
Do not handle a hot oil filter with bare hands.
Clean the filter mounting area on the oil cooler, lightly coat the gasket
surface of the new filter with clean engine oil and hand tighten until the
gasket contacts the base.Then tighten another 1±1/4 to 2 turns.Fill
the crankcase and run the engine to check for leaks.
Continuous contact with USED motor oil has caused cancer in
laboratory mice. Protect your skin by washing with soap and
water.
APISERVICECG-4/SHSAE15W-40
General maintenance information
24

Engine lubrication for severe service operation
The following severe service operating conditions require unique engine
maintenance procedures:
²towing a trailer over 1 600 km (1 000 miles)
²sustained, high speed driving at Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
(maximum loaded weight for vehicle operation during hot
weather-above 32ÉC [90ÉF]).
²frequent or extended idling (over 10 minutes per hour of normal
driving).
²operating in severe dust conditions.
²frequent, short trips of 16 km (10 miles) or less during freezing
weather
If you are operating your vehicle under any of these conditions, observe
the following service procedures:
²Change engine oil and filter every 5 000 km (3 000 miles).
²Use Motorcraft oil or an equivalent oil conforming to Ford
Specification ESR-M2C171±C or API categories CG-4/SH. Do not use
oils labeled withonlyone of the following category designations, SG,
SH, CE, CF-4 or CG-4, as they could cause engine damage.
For more information refer theSevere Duty Maintenance Schedulein
the ªService Guideº.
REPLACING AIR CLEANER
When replacing the air cleaner, use a Motorcraft filter or its equivalent.
Refer toLubricant and Maintenance Materials Specificationsin this
supplement.
Failure to use the correct filter may result in severe engine
damage when driving through deep water and/or encountering
unusually heavy precipitation conditions.
1. Remove air cleaner, taking care to prevent dirt from falling into the
engine air intake.
2. Clean the air cleaner tray and cover to ensure good sealing.
General maintenance information
25

ENGINE COOLANT
Replacing coolant
A coolant mixture of 50% coolant concentrate and 50% water is
recommended to maintain best overall performance. To avoid damaging
the engine and radiator, the coolant concentrate should not exceed 60%.
When refilling the coolant system either as part of the regular
maintenance (48 months, or 80 000 km [50 000 miles], whichever comes
first and then every 36 months or 48 000 km [30 000 miles], whichever
comes first), or due to service performed, adhere to the following
instructions:
1. Drain and flush the cooling system to remove dirt deposits, oil, rust
particles.
2. Add 1.89L (4 pints) of supplemental coolant additive FW-15, directly
to the cooling system. An additional 237±295 ml (8±10 oz.) of
supplemental coolant additive FW-15 should be added at 24 000 km (15
000 mile) intervals to maintain proper concentration.
3. Fill the coolant reservoir with the specified coolant/water mixture until
the level stabilizes at the top hose fitting. Replace and tighten cap. Fill
the radiator when cold. Level the coolant in the coolant bottle.
4. Reinstall the coolant bottle cap.
5. Start and idle engine until the radiator upper hose is warm
(approximately 10±15 minutes). If the hose does not get warm then
repeat at a higher engine speed.
6. Immediately shut off engine. Cautiously remove coolant bottle cap and
add coolant to Cold Fill mark.
Checking coolant level
Check coolant level in coolant reservoir bottle at least once a month,
only when the engine is cool. Fill to within the ªCold Fill Levelº range
noted on the reservoir as required with a 50/50 mixture of coolant
concentrate and water.
A coolant mixture of 50% coolant concentrate and 50% water is
recommended to maintain best overall performance. A 60/40 antifreeze
to water ratio is acceptable for extremely cold climates, but must be
returned to a 50/50 ratio at the end of the winter season.
Vehicles with diesel engines typically are used to carry heavy loads and
accumulate mileage rapidly. These two factors cause the additives in the
General maintenance information
28

coolant to ªwear outº in a shorter time. Ford recommends an interim
service interval performed at 12 months or 24 000 km (15 000 miles),
whichever occurs first. Add 237±295 ml (8±10 oz.) of supplemental
coolant additive FW-15 to the cooling system. For vehicles with extensive
idling time, add 237±295 ml (8±10 oz.) of coolant additive FW-15 after
every 500 hours of operation.
Operating engine with insufficient coolant and/or coolant additive can
cause severe engine damage.
Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious
personal injury from hot coolant or steam blow out and/or
damage to the cooling system or engine. Never remove the coolant
bottle cap under any circumstances while the engine is operating.
Switch off the engine and wait until it has cooled. Wrap a thick cloth
around the cap and turn it slowly while the pressure is relieved. Step
back while the pressure is released from the cooling system. When you
are sure all the pressure has been released, still with a cloth Ð turn
and remove it. Stand clear of the opening. Hot coolant may splash out.
Whenever coolant level checks are made, check condition of coolant
bottle cap rubber seal. Make sure it is clean and free of any dirt
particles. Rinse off with water, if necessary. When replacing cap on
coolant bottle, also make sure coolant bottle neck seal is clean. Check
that overflow hose is not kinked.
Coolant specification
Use only a permanent-type coolant that meets Ford Specification
ESE-M97B44±A such as Ford Premium Cooling System Fluid
E2FZ-19549±AA. Do not use alcohol or methanol antifreeze or mix them
with the specified coolant.
Use of the wrong coolant may cause radiator and/or engine damage.
Plain water may be used in an emergency, but replace it with the
specified coolant as soon as possible to avoid damage to the system. With
only water in the system, do not let the engine run hot or remain parked
in temperatures below 0ÉC (32ÉF).
Coolant conditioner (liquid)
A supplemental coolant additive FW-15 has been added to the coolant in
this engine.
General maintenance information
29

This additive aids in the prevention of rust and scale buildup on the
internal parts of the cooling system. Prevention of rust and scale buildup
allows for proper dissipation of heat generated by combustion.
See the ªService Guideº for recommended intervals.
EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM(S) LAWS
Federal law prohibits vehicle manufacturers, dealers and other persons
engaged in the business of repairing, servicing, selling, leasing or trading
motor vehicles as well as fleet operations from unknowingly removing or
rendering emission control system(s) inoperative. Further, modifications
of the emission control system(s) could create liability on the part of the
individual owners under the laws of some states. In Canada,
modifications of the emission control system(s) could create liability
under applicable Federal or Provincial laws.
Do not remove or alter the original equipment floor covering or
insulation between it and the metal floor of the vehicle. The floor
covering and insulation protect occupants of the vehicle from the engine
and exhaust system heat and noise. On vehicles with no original
equipment floor covering insulation, do not carry passengers in a manner
that permits prolonged skin contact with the metal floor. Provide
adequate insulation.
NOISE EMISSIONS WARRANTY, PROHIBITED TAMPERING ACTS
AND MAINTENANCE
On January 1, 1978, Federal regulation became effective governing the
noise emission on trucks over 4 536 kg (10 000 lbs.) GVWR (Gross
Vehicle Weight Rating). The following statements concerning prohibited
tampering acts and maintenance, and the noise warranty found in the
Warranty Facts Booklet, are applicable to complete chassis cabs over
4 536 (10 000 lbs.) GVWR.
Tampering with noise control system prohibited
Federal law prohibits the following acts or the causing thereof: (1) The
removal or rendering inoperative by any person other than for purposes
of maintenance, repair or replacement of any device or element of design
incorporated into any new vehicle for the purpose of noise control prior
to its sale or delivery to the ultimate purchaser or while it is in use, or
(2) the use of the vehicle after such device or element of design has
been removed or rendered inoperative by any person.
General maintenance information
30