check engine FORD GALAXY 2006 Service Repair Manual

\f\fDescrip\fion
Set\fthe\fignition\fswitch\fto\fthe\f0\fposition\f
Set\fthe\fignition\fswitch\fto\fthe\fII\fposition\f
The\fprocedure\fstep\frequires\fthe\f\bid\fof\fthe\fspecified\fnumber\fof\f
supporting\ftechnici\bns\f
Self\fcont\bined\fbre\bthing\f\bpp\br\btus\f
Gener\bl\fprohibition\fused\fin\fcombin\btion\fwith\f\bnother\fsymbol\f
Do\fnot\fuse\fpower\ftools\f
Visu\bl\fcheck\f
Noise\fcheck\f
Dispose\fthe\fspecified\fcomponent\f
Repl\bced\fby\fitem\f9\f(Dispose\fthe\fspecified\fcomponent)\f
Set\fthe\fengine\fspeed\fto\fthe\fspecified\fv\blue\f
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\bv\bil\bble\ffrom\fthe\frespective\fn\btion\bl\fs\bles\fcomp\bny,\f\bnd\fvi\b\finternet\fwww.msds.ford.com.\f
Used Engine Oil
Prolonged\f\bnd\frepe\bted\fcont\bct\fwith\fminer\bl\foil\fwill\fresult\fin\fthe\fremov\bl\fof\fn\btur\bl\ff\bts\f
fr
om\fthe\fskin,\fle\bding\fto\fdryness,\firrit\btion\f\bnd\fderm\btitis.\fIn\f\bddition,\fused\fengine\foil\f
cont\bins\fpotenti\blly\fh\brmful\fcont\bmin\bnts,\fwhich\fm\by\fc\buse\fskin\fc\bncer.\fAdequ\bte\fme\bns\f
of\fskin\fprotection\f\bnd\fw\bshing\ff\bcilities\fmust\fbe\fprovided.\f
Do\fnot\femploy\fused\fengine\foils\f\bs\flubric\bnts\for\ffor\f\bny\f\bpplic\btion\fwhere\f\bppreci\bble\fskin\f
cont\bct\fis\flikely\fto\foccur.\f
Environmen\fal Precau\fions
Burning\fused\fengine\foil\fin\fsm\bll\fsp\bce\fhe\bters\for\fboilers\fc\bn\fbe\frecommended\fonly\ffor\f
un
its\fof\f\bpproved\fdesign.\fIf\fin\fdoubt\fcheck\fwith\fthe\f\bppropri\bte\floc\bl\f\buthority\f\bnd\f
m\bnuf\bcturer\fof\f\bpproved\f\bppli\bnces.\f
Dispose\fof\fused\foil\f\bnd\fused\foil\ffilters\fthrough\f\buthorized\fw\bste\fdispos\bl\fcontr\bctors\for\f
licensed\fw\bste\fdispos\bl\fsites,\for\fto\fthe\fw\bste\foil\frecl\bm\btion\ftr\bde.\fIf\fin\fdoubt,\fcont\bct\fthe\f
relev\bnt\floc\bl\f\buthority\ffor\f\bdvice\fon\fdispos\bl\ff\bcilities.\f
It\fis\filleg\bl\fto\fpour\fused\foil\fon\fto\fthe\fground,\fdown\fsewers\for\fdr\bins,\for\finto\fw\btercourses.\f
Noise
Some\foper\btions\fm\by\fproduce\fhigh\fnoise\flevels,\fwhich\fcould,\fin\ftime,\fd\bm\bge\fhe\bring.\fIn\f
these\fc\bses,\fsuit\bble\fe\br\fprotection\fmust\fbe\fworn.\f
Noise \bnsula\fion Ma\ferials
See\fFo\bms,\fFibre\fInsul\btion.\f
O-Rings (Fluoroelas\fomer)
See\fViton.\f
Pain\fs
See\f\blso\fSolvents,\fChemic\bl\fM\bteri\bls.\f
Highly\ffl\bmm\bble,\ffl\bmm\bble\f-\fobserve\fNo\fSmoking\fpolicy\f
One Pack
C\bn\fcont\bin\fh\brmful\for\ftoxic\fpigments,\fdriers\f\bnd\fother\fcomponents\f\bs\fwell\f\bs\fsolvents.\f
S p

r\bying\fshould\fbe\fc\brried\fout\fonly\fwith\f\bdequ\bte\fventil\btion.\f
Two Pack
C\bn\f\blso\fcont\bin\fh\brmful\f\bnd\ftoxic\funre\bcted\fresins\f\bnd\fresin\fh\brdening\f\bgents.\fThe\f
m\b
nuf\bcturers\finstructions\fshould\fbe\ffollowed.\fSee\f\blso\fResin-b\bsed\fAdhesives\f\bnd\f
Isocy\bn\bte\fAdhesives\f\bnd\fSe\blers\funder\fAdhesives\f\bnd\fSe\blers.\f
Spr\bying\fshould\fprefer\bbly\fbe\fc\brried\fout\fin\fexh\busted\fventil\bted\fbooths\fremoving\fv\bpor\f
\bnd\fspr\by\fmists\ffrom\fthe\fbre\bthing\fzone.\fIndividu\bls\fworking\fin\fbooths\fshould\fwe\br\f
\bppropri\bte\frespir\btory\fprotection.\fThose\fdoing\fsm\bll-sc\ble\frep\bir\fwork\fin\fthe\fopen\f
workshop\fshould\fwe\br\f\bir-fed\frespir\btors.\f
Pressurized Equipmen\f
See\fHigh\fPressure\fAir,\fLubric\btion\f\bnd\fOil\fTest\fEquipment.\f
Solder
Solders\f\bre\fmixtures\fof\fmet\bls\fsuch\fth\bt\fthe\fmelting\fpoint\fof\fthe\fmixture\fis\fbelow\fth\bt\fof\f
the\fconstituent\fmet\bls\f(norm\blly\fle\bd\f\bnd\ftin).\fSolder\f\bpplic\btion\fdoes\fnot\fnorm\blly\fgive\f
rise\fto\ftoxic\fle\bd\ffumes,\fprovided\f\b\fg\bs/\bir\ffl\bme\fis\fused.\fOxy-\bcetylene\ffl\bmes\fshould\fnot\f
be\fused,\f\bs\fthey\f\bre\fmuch\fhotter\f\bnd\fwill\fc\buse\fle\bd\ffumes\fto\fbe\fproduced.\f
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General \bnforma\fion - Road/Roller
Tes\fingS-MAX/G\bl\bxy\f2006.5\f(02/2006-)\fPrint \f
Descrip\fion and Opera\fion
Ro\bd\for\froller\ftesting\fm\by\fbe\fc\brried\fout\ffor\fv\brious\fre\bsons\f\bnd\f\b\fprocedure\fdet\biling\fpre-
te

st\fchecks,\fengine\fst\brting\f\bnd\fstopping,\fpre-driving\fchecks,\fon-test\fchecks\f\bnd\ffin\bl\f
checks\fto\fbe\fcompleted\fon\fcompletion\fof\fthe\ftest\fis\fgiven\fbelow.\f
Unless\fcomplete\fvehicle\fperform\bnce\fis\fbeing\fchecked,\fthe\ffull\fro\bd\ftest\fprocedure\fneed\f
not\fbe\fc\brried\fout.\fInste\bd,\fthose\fitems\fp\brticul\brly\frelev\bnt\fto\fthe\fsystem(s)\fbeing\f
checked\fc\bn\fbe\fextr\bcted.\f
Pre-Tes\f Checks
WARNING:\fIf\fthe\fbr\bke\fsystem\fhydr\bulic\ffluid\flevel\fis \f
low,\fped\bl\ftr\bvel\fis\fexcessive\f
or\f\b\fhydr\bulic\fle\bk\fis\ffound,\fdo\fnot\f\bttempt\fto\fro\bd\ftest\fthe\fvehicle\funtil\fthe\fre\bson\ffor\f
the\flow\ffluid\flevel,\fexcessive\fped\bl\ftr\bvel\for\fhydr\bulic\fle\bk\fis\ffound\f\bnd\frectified.\f
It\fis\fsuggested\fth\bt\fpre-test\fchecks\f\bnd\ffunction\bl\fte
sts\fof\fthose\fsystems\f\bnd\fcircuits\fwhich\f
\bffect\fthe\fs\bfe\f\bnd\fleg\bl\foper\btions\fof\fthe\fvehicle,\fsuch\f\bs\fbr\bkes,\flights\f\bnd\fsteering,\f
should\f\blw\bys\fbe\fc\brried\fout\fbefore\fthe\fro\bd\for\froller\ftest.\f
With\fthe\fignition\fswitched\foff,\fcheck:\f

the\fengine\foil\flevel.\f\f

the\fengine\fcool\bnt\flevel.\f\f

the\ftires,\ffor\fcorrect\fpressure,\fcomp\btible\ftypes\f\bnd\ftre\bd\fp\btterns,\f\bnd\fwe\br\fwithin\f
li

mits.\f\f

th\bt\fthere\fis\fsufficient\ffuel\fin\fthe\ft\bnk\fto\fcomplete\fthe\ftest.\f\f

\bll\f\bround\fthe\fengine,\ftr\bnsmission\f\bnd\funder\fthe\fvehicle\ffor\foil,\fcool\bnt,\fhydr\bulic\f\bnd\f
fu

el\fle\bks.\fM\bke\f\b\fnote\fof\f\bny\f\bpp\brent\fle\bks\f\bnd\fwipe\foff\fthe\fsurrounding\f\bre\bs\fto\f
m\bke\fit\fe\bsier\fto\fidentify\fthe\fextent\fof\fthe\fle\bk\fon\fcompletion\fof\fthe\ftest.\f
S\far\fing \fhe Engine
N O

TE:\fOn\finiti\bl\fdrive\f\bw\by\ffrom\fcold\f\bnd\fwithin\fthe\ff
irst\f1.5\fkm\f(1\fmile),\fdo\fnot\fdepress\f
the\f\bcceler\btor\fped\bl\fbeyond\fh\blf\ftr\bvel\funtil\fthe\fvehicle\fh\bs\f\btt\bined\f\b\fminimum\fspeed\f
of\f25\fkm/h\f(15\fmiles/h).\fNever\foper\bte\f\bt\fhigh\fengine\fspeed\for\fwith\fthe\f\bcceler\btor\f
ped\bl\f\bt\ffull\ftr\bvel\fwhilst\fthe\fengine\fis\fcold.\f
With\fthe\fignition\fswitched\foff,\fcheck:\f

th\bt\fthe\fp\brking\fbr\bke\fis\f\bpplied.\f\f

th\bt\fthe\fge\br\flever\fis\fin\fthe\fneutr\bl\fposition.\f\f

th\bt\f\bll\finstrument\fg\buges\f(except\ffuel\fg\buge)\fre\bd\fzero.\f
With\fthe\fignition\fswitched\fon,\fcheck:\f
th\bt\fthe\fignition\fcontrolled\fw\brning\fl\bmps\f\bre\fillumin\bted.\f\f

th\bt\fthe\fengine\ftemper\bture\fg\buge\fregisters\f\b\fre\bding\fcomp\btible\fwith\fthe\fengine\f
te

mper\bture.\f\f

th\bt\fthe\ffuel\fg\buge\fregisters\f\b\fre\bding\f\bppropri\bte\fto\fthe\ffuel\flevel\fin\fthe\ft\bnk.\f\f

the\foper\btion\fof\fthe\fp\brking\fbr\bke\fw\brning\fl\bmp\f\bnd\ffluid\flevel\fw\brning\findic\btor.\f
Road or Roller Tes\fing
CA

UTION:\fIf\fro\bd\ftesting,\fcheck\fthe\fbr\bke\foper\btion\fw h
ile\fstill\ftr\bveling\f\bt\flow\fspeed\f
before\fcontinuing\fwith\fthe\ftest.\fIf\fthe\fbr\bkes\fpull\fto\fone\fside,\for\f\bppe\br\fto\fbe\fotherwise\f
f\bulty,\fdo\fnot\fcontinue\fwith\fthe\fro\bd\ftest\funtil\fthe\ff\bult\fh\bs\fbeen\ffound\f\bnd\frectified.\f
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During\fthe\fro\bd\for\froller\ftest,\fcheck:\f
th\bt\fthe\fclutch\fped\bl\foper\btion\fis\fnot\fstiff\for\fhe\bvy.\f\f

th\bt\fthe\finiti\bl\fge\br\feng\bgement\fis\fsmooth\f\bnd\fthere\fis\fno\fevidence\fof\fclutch\fdr\bg.\f\f

th\bt\fthe\fp\brking\fbr\bke\fcontrol\foper\btes\fsmoothly\f\bnd\frele\bses\fquickly\f\bnd\fcompletely.\f\f

th\bt\fthe\fclutch\ft\bkes\fup\fthe\fdrive\fsmoothly,\fwithout\fslip\for\fjudder.\f\f

th\bt\fge\br\fch\bnging\fis\fsmooth\fwith\fno\f\bbnorm\bl\fnoises\for\fvibr\btions\ffrom\fthe\f
tr

\bnsmission.\f\f

the\fengine\fpower\foutput\fis\fs\btisf\bctory,\ffull\fpower\fis\f\bchieved,\f\bcceler\btion\fis\fsmooth\f
\bnd

\fped\bl\foper\btion\fis\fnot\fstiff\for\fhe\bvy,\f\bnd\fengine\fspeed\freturns\fto\fidle\fcorrectly.\f\f

there\fis\fno\fexcessive\for\f\bbnorm\blly\fcolored\fsmoke\ffrom\fthe\fengine\funder\fnorm\bl\fdriving,\f
he

\bvy\flo\bd\for\foverrun\fconditions.\f\f

th\bt\fsteering\foper\btion,\fincluding\fpower\fsteering\f(if\fequipped),\fis\fsmooth,\f\bccur\bte,\fnot\f
ex

cessively\fhe\bvy\for\fwith\fexcessive\ffree\fpl\by\for\fvibr\btion.\f\f

th\bt\fthe\fsteering\fdoes\fnot\fpull\fto\fone\fside\f\bnd\fself\fcenters\fsmoothly\f\bfter\fcornering.\f\f

th\bt\fthe\fspeedometer,\fcool\bnt\ftemper\bture\fg\buge\f\bnd\ft\bchometer\f(if\fequipped)\fregister\f
th

e\fcorrect\fre\bdings\f\bnd\foper\bte\fcorrectly.\f\f

th\bt\fthe\fswitches\f\bnd\fcontrols\foper\bte\fsmoothly\f\bnd\fpositively,\fw\brning\f\bnd\findic\btor\f
l\b

mps\foper\bte\fcorrectly\f\bnd\fthe\fdirection\findic\btor\fcontrol\fself\fc\bncels\fwhen\fthe\fsteering\f
is\freturned\fto\fthe\fstr\bight\f\bhe\bd\fposition.\f\f

th\bt\fthe\fhe\bting\f\bnd\fventil\btion\fsystems\foper\bte\fcorrectly\f\bnd\feffectively.\f\f

the\fbr\bke\foper\btion\f\bnd\fefficiency.\f
Brake Tes\fing
WAR
NING:\fWhen\fbr\bke\ftesting,\f\bvoid\fbre\bthing\fthe\ffumes
\ffrom\fhot\fbr\bkes,\fthis\fm\by\f
cont\bin\f\bsbestos\fdust\fwhich\fis\fh\bz\brdous\fto\fhe\blth.\fF\bilure\fto\ffollow\fthis\finstruction\fm\by\f
result\fin\fperson\bl\finjury.\f\f
For\f\bddition\bl\finform\btion,\frefer\fto:\f He\blth\f\bnd\fS\bfety\fPrec\butions\f(100-00\fGener\bl\f
Inf

orm\btion,\fDescription\f\bnd\fOper\btion).\f
CAUTIONS:\f
Avoid\fbr\bke\ftesting\fon\fbusy\fro\bds\fwhere\fit\fm\by\fc\buse\finconvenience\for\fd\bnger\fto\f
other\fro\bd\fusers.\f
Br\bke\ftesting\fwhich\fincludes\fhe\bvy\fbr\bke\f\bpplic\btions\fshould\fnot\fbe\fc\brried\fout\fwith\f
new\fbr\bke\fp\bds/discs\for\flinings/drums\funtil\fthe\fcomponents\fh\bve\fbedded-in.\fNew\fbr\bke\f
friction\fcomponents\fwill\fnot\fre\bch\ffull\fefficiency\funtil\fthe\fbedding-in\fprocess\fis\fcomplete.\f
Test\fthe\fbr\bkes\f\bt\fsever\bl\fspeeds\fwithin\fthe\fnorm\bl\fo p
er\bting\fr\bnge\fusing\fboth\flight\f\bnd\f
he\bvy\fped\bl\fpressure.\fNote\f\bny\ftendency\fto\fsn\btch,\fpull\for\fdr\bg,\f\bnd\f\bny\fundue\fdel\by\fin\f
\bpplic\btion\for\frele\bse.\f
Allow\fthe\fvehicle\fto\fco\bst\f\bnd\fnote\f\bny\ftendency\fto\fpull\fto\fone\fside,\for\fevidence\fth\bt\fthe\f
br\bkes\f\bre\fbinding.\f
After\fstopping\fthe\fvehicle\f(not\fimmedi\btely\f\bfter\f\b\fperiod\fof\fhe\bvy\fbr\bking),\fc\brefully\fcheck\f
the\fbr\bke\ftemper\bture.\fA\fbr\bke\fdisc\for\fbr\bke\fdrum\fth\bt\ffeels\fhot\for\fis\f\bppreci\bbly\fhotter\f
th\bn\fthe\fothers,\findic\btes\fth\bt\fthe\fbr\bke\fis\fbinding.\f
After\fcompletion\fof\fthe\ftest,\fcheck\ffor:\f

oil,\fcool\bnt,\fhydr\bulic,\f\bir\f\bnd\ffuel\fle\bks.\f\f

\bbnorm\bl\ftemper\bture\fof\f\bny\fmoving\fcomponents\for\f\bssemblies,\ffor\fex\bmple\fwheel\f
hu

bs,\ftr\bnsmission\f\bnd\f\bxle,\fwhich\fmight\findic\bte\fover\ftightness\for\fl\bck\fof\flubric\btion.\f
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Noise, \bibra\fion and Harshness - Noise,
\bibra\fion and Harshness (N\bH)S-MAX/G\bl\bxy\f2006.5\f(02/2006-)\fPrint \f
Diagnosis and Tes\fing
Inspec\fion and \berifica\fion
1. 1.
Verify\fthe\fcustomer\fconcern.\f
2

. 2.
Visu\blly\finspect\ffor\fobvious\fsigns\fof\fmech\bnic\bl\for\felectric\bl\fd\bm\bge.\f
3

. 3.
If\f\bn\fobvious\fc\buse\ffor\f\bn\fobserved\for\freported\fconcern\fis\ffound,\fcorrect\fthe\fc\buse\f
(if\fpossible)\fbefore\fproceeding\fto\fthe\fnext\fstep.\f
4. 4.
If\fthe\fconcern\fis\fnot\fvisu\blly\fevident,\fverify\fthe\fsymptom\f\bnd\fREFER\fto\fthe\f
S
ymptom\fCh\brt.\f
How \fo Use \fhis Diagnos\fic Procedure Sec\fion

Noise,\fvibr\btion\f\bnd\fh\brshness\f(NVH)\fconcerns\fh\bve\fbecome\fmore\fimport\bnt\f\bs\fvehicles\f
h\bv

e\fbecome\fmore\fsensitive\fto\fthese\fvibr\btions.\fThis\fsection\fis\fdesigned\fto\f\bid\fin\f
identifying\fthese\fconcerns.\f\f

The\fsection\fprovides\fdi\bgnostic\fprocedures\fb\bsed\fon\fsymptom.\fIf\fthe\fcondition\foccurs\f\bt\f
high\fspeed,\ffor\finst\bnce,\fthe\fmost\flikely\fpl\bce\fto\fst\brt\fis\funder\fSh\bke\f\bnd\fVibr\btion\fWhile\f
Driving.\f\f

The\fro\bd\ftest\fprocedure\fwill\ftell\fhow\fto\fsort\fthe\fconditions\finto\fc\btegories\f\bnd\fhow\fto\ftell\f
\b\fv

ibr\btion\ffrom\f\b\fsh\bke.\f\f

A\fseries\fof\fRo\bd\fTest\fQuick\fChecks\f\bre\fprovided\fto\fm\bke\fsure\fth\bt\f\b\fc\buse\fis\feither\f
pi

npointed\for\felimin\bted.\f\f

N\bme\fthe\fcondition,\fproceed\fto\fthe\f\bppropri\bte\fsection\f\bnd\floc\bte\fthe\fcorrect\fdi\bgnosis.\f
Wh

en\fthe\fcondition\fis\fidentified,\fthe\fjob\fis\fp\brtly\fdone.\f\f

Follow\fthe\fdi\bgnostic\fprocedure\f\bs\foutlined.\f\f

Quick\fChecks\f\bre\fdescribed\fwithin\fthe\fstep,\fwhile\fmore\finvolved\ftests\f\bnd\f\bdjustments\f
\bre

\foutlined\fin\fGener\bl\fProcedures.\f\f

Alw\bys\ffollow\fe\bch\fstep\fex\bctly\f\bnd\fm\bke\fnotes\fto\frec\bll\fimport\bnt\ffindings\fl\bter.\f
Cus\fomer In\ferview
The\fro\bd\ftest\f\bnd\fcustomer\finterview\f(if\f\bv\bil\bble)\fprovide\finform\btion\fth\bt\fwill\fhelp\f
i d

entify\fthe\fconcern\f\bnd\fwill\fprovide\fdirection\fto\fthe\fcorrect\fst\brting\fpoint\ffor\fdi\bgnosis.\f
Iden\fify \fhe Condi\fion
NVH\fusu\blly\foccur\fin\ffour\f\bre\bs:\f

tires\f\f

engine\f\bccessories\f\f

suspension\f\f

driveline\f
It\fis\fimport\bnt,\ftherefore,\fth\bt\f\bn\fNVH\fconcern\fbe\fisol\bted\finto\fits\fspecific\f\bre\b(s)\f\bs\fsoon\f
\bs
\fpossible.\fThe\fe\bsiest\f\bnd\fquickest\fw\by\fto\fdo\fthis\fis\fto\fc\brry\fout\fthe\fRo\bd\fTest\f\bs\f
outlined.\fTo\f\bssist\fin\fthe\fdi\bgnosis\f\bnd\ftesting\fprocedure(s),\fuse\f\b\fsuit\bble\f\bpproved\fNVH\f
di\bgnosis\ftester.\f
Noise Diagnos\fic Procedure
Non-Axle Noise
The\ffive\fmost\fcommon\fsources\fof\fnon-\bxle\fnoise\f\bre\fexh\bust,\ftires,\froof\fr\bcks,\ftrim\fp\bnels\f
\b n

d\ftr\bnsmission.\f
Стр. 1 из 15
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sm\bllest\fbit\fof\finform\btion,\fbec\buse\fit\fm\by\fturn\fout\fto\fbe\fthe\fmost\fimport\bnt.\f
2. 2.
Do\fnot\ftouch\f\bnything\funtil\f\b\fro\bd\ftest\f\bnd\f\b\fthorough\fvisu\bl\finspection\fof\fthe\f
v
ehicle\fh\bve\fbeen\fc\brried\fout.\fLe\bve\fthe\ftire\fpressures\f\bnd\fvehicle\flo\bd\fjust\fwhere\f
they\fwere\fwhen\fthe\fcondition\fw\bs\ffirst\fobserved.\fAdjusting\ftire\fpressures,\fvehicle\f
lo\bd\for\fm\bking\fother\f\bdjustments\fm\by\freduce\fthe\fcondition(s)\fintensity\fto\f\b\fpoint\f
where\fit\fc\bnnot\fbe\fidentified\fcle\brly.\fIt\fm\by\f\blso\finject\fsomething\fnew\finto\fthe\f
system,\fpreventing\fcorrect\fdi\bgnosis.\f
3. 3.
M\bke\f\b\fvisu\bl\finspection\f\bs\fp\brt\fof\fthe\fprelimin\bry\fdi\bgnosis\froutine,\fwriting\fdown\f
\b
nything\fth\bt\fdoes\fnot\flook\fright.\fNote\ftire\fpressures,\fbut\fdo\fnot\f\bdjust\fthem\fyet.\f
Note\fle\bking\ffluids,\floose\fnuts\f\bnd\fbolts,\for\fbright\fspots\fwhere\fcomponents\fm\by\fbe\f
rubbing\f\bg\binst\fe\bch\fother.\fCheck\fthe\flo\bd\fsp\bce\ffor\funusu\bl\flo\bds.\f
4. 4.
Ro\bd\ftest\fthe\fvehicle\f\bnd\fdefine\fthe\fcondition\fby\freproducing\fit\fsever\bl\ftimes\f
d
uring\fthe\fro\bd\ftest.\f
5. 5.
C\brry\fout\fthe\fRo\bd\fTest\fQuick\fChecks\f\bs\fsoon\f\bs\fthe\fcondition\fis\freproduced.\fThis\f
w
ill\fidentify\fthe\fcorrect\fdi\bgnostic\fprocedure.\fC\brry\fout\fthe\fRo\bd\fTest\fQuick\fChecks\f
more\fth\bn\fonce\fto\fverify\fthey\f\bre\fproviding\f\b\fv\blid\fresult.\fRemember,\fthe\fRo\bd\f
Test\fQuick\fChecks\fm\by\fnot\ftell\fwhere\fthe\fconcern\fis,\fbut\fthey\fwill\ftell\fwhere\fit\fis\f
not.\f
Road Tes\f Quick Checks
1. 1.
24-80\fkm/h\f(15-50\fmph):\fwith\flight\f\bcceler\btion,\f\b\fmo\bning\fnoise\fis\fhe\brd\f\bnd\f
p
ossibly\f\b\fvibr\btion\ffelt\fin\fthe\ffront\ffloor\fp\bnel.\fIt\fis\fusu\blly\fworse\f\bt\f\b\fp\brticul\br\f
engine\fspeed\f\bnd\f\bt\f\b\fp\brticul\br\fthrottle\fsetting\fduring\f\bcceler\btion\f\bt\fth\bt\fspeed.\fIt\f
m\by\f\blso\fproduce\f\b\fmo\bning\fsound,\fdepending\fon\fwh\bt\fcomponent\fis\fc\busing\fit.\f
REFER\fto\fTip-in\fMo\bn\fin\fthe\fDriveline\fNoise\f\bnd\fVibr\btion\fSymptom\fCh\brt.\f
2. 2.
Acceler\btion/Deceler\btion:\fWith\fslow\f\bcceler\btion\f\bnd\fdeceler\btion,\f\b\fsh\bke\fis\f
s
ometimes\fnoticed\fin\fthe\fsteering\fwheel/column,\fse\bts,\ffront\ffloor\fp\bnel,\ffront\fdoor\f
trim\fp\bnel\for\ffront\fend\fsheet\fmet\bl.\fIt\fis\f\b\flow\ffrequency\fvibr\btion\f(\bround\f9-15\f
cycles\fper\fsecond).\fIt\fm\by\for\fm\by\fnot\fbe\fincre\bsed\fby\f\bpplying\fthe\fbr\bkes\flightly.\f
REFER\fto\fIdle\fBoom/Sh\bke/Vibr\btion\fin\fthe\fDriveline\fNoise\f\bnd\fVibr\btion\fSymptom\f
Ch\brt.\f
3. 3.
High\fSpeed:\fA\fvibr\btion\fis\ffelt\fin\fthe\ffront\ffloor\fp\bnel\for\fse\bts\fwith\fno\fvisible\f
s
h\bke,\fbut\fwith\f\bn\f\bccomp\bnying\fsound\for\frumble,\fbuzz,\fhum,\fdrone\for\fbooming\f
noise.\fCo\bst\fwith\fthe\fclutch\fped\bl\fdepressed\f(m\bnu\bl\ftr\bnsmission)\for\fshift\fcontrol\f
selector\flever\fin\f"N"\f(NEUTRAL)\f(\butom\btic\ftr\bnsmission)\f\bnd\fengine\fidling.\fIf\f
vibr\btion\fis\fstill\fevident,\fit\fm\by\fbe\frel\bted\fto\fwheels,\ftires,\ffront\fbr\bke\fdiscs,\fwheel\f
hubs\for\ffront\fwheel\fbe\brings.\fREFER\fto\fSh\bke\f\bnd\fVibr\btion\fWhile\fDriving\fin\fthe\f
Driveline\fNoise\f\bnd\fVibr\btion\fSymptom\fCh\brt.\f
4. 4.
Engine\frpm\fSensitive:\fA\fvibr\btion\fis\ffelt\fwhenever\fthe\fengine\fre\bches\f\b\fp\brticul\br\f
rpm.\fIt\fwill\fdis\bppe\br\fin\fneutr\bl\fco\bsts.\fThe\fvibr\btion\fc\bn\fbe\fduplic\bted\fby\foper\bting\f
the\fengine\f\bt\fthe\fproblem\frpm\fwhile\fthe\fvehicle\fis\fst\btion\bry.\fIt\fc\bn\fbe\fc\bused\fby\f
\bny\fcomponent,\ffrom\fthe\f\bccessory\fdrive\fbelt\fto\fthe\fclutch\for\ftorque\fconverter\f
which\fturns\f\bt\fengine\fspeed\fwhen\fthe\fvehicle\fis\fstopped.\fREFER\fto\fSh\bke\f\bnd\f
Vibr\btion\fWhile\fDriving\fin\fthe\fDriveline\fNoise\f\bnd\fVibr\btion\fSymptom\fCh\brt.\f
5. 5.
Noise\f\bnd\fVibr\btion\fWhile\fTurning:\fClicking,\fpopping\for\fgrinding\fnoises\fm\by\fbe\f
d
ue\fto\fthe\ffollowing:\f

worn,\fd\bm\bged\for\fincorrectly\finst\blled\ffront\fwheel\fbe\bring.\f\f
Стр. 3 из 15
04.01.2013http://127.0.0.1:8888/wsm/js/procedure.do?variantId=1431&proc-uid=G37349&guid...procarmanuals.com
http://vnx.su

d\bm\bged\fpowertr\bin/drivetr\bin\fmounts.\f
Road Condi\fions
An
\fexperienced\ftechnici\bn\fwill\f\blw\bys\fest\bblish\f\b\froute\fth\bt\fwill\fbe\fused\ffor\f\bll\fNVH\f
di\bgnosis\fro\bd\ftests.\fThe\fro\bd\fselected\fshould\fbe\fre\bson\bbly\fsmooth,\flevel\f\bnd\ffree\fof\f
undul\btions\f(unless\f\b\fp\brticul\br\fcondition\fneeds\fto\fbe\fidentified).\fA\fsmooth\f\bsph\blt\fro\bd\f
th\bt\f\bllows\fdriving\fover\f\b\fr\bnge\fof\fspeeds\fis\fbest.\fGr\bvel\for\fbumpy\fro\bds\f\bre\funsuit\bble\f
bec\buse\fof\fthe\f\bddition\bl\fro\bd\fnoise\fproduced.\fOnce\fthe\froute\fis\fest\bblished\f\bnd\f
consistently\fused,\fthe\fro\bd\fnoise\fv\bri\bble\fis\felimin\bted\ffrom\fthe\ftest\fresults.\f
NOTE:\fSome\fconcerns\fm\by\fbe\f\bpp\brent\fonly\fon\fsmooth\f\bsp
h\blt\fro\bds.\f
If\f\b\fcustomer\fcompl\bins\fof\f\b\fnoise\for\fvibr\btion\fon\f\b\fp
\brticul\br\fro\bd\f\bnd\fonly\fon\f\b\fp\brticul\br\f
ro\bd,\fthe\fsource\fof\fthe\fconcern\fm\by\fbe\fthe\fro\bd\fsurf\bce.\fIf\fpossible,\ftry\fto\ftest\fthe\fvehicle\f
on\fthe\fs\bme\ftype\fof\fro\bd.\f
\behicle Prepara\fion
C\brry\fout\f\b\fthorough\fvisu\bl\finspection\fof\fthe\fvehicle\fbefore\fc\brrying\fout\fthe\fro\bd\ftest.\fNote\f
\bnything\fwhich\fis\funusu\bl.\fDo\fnot\frep\bir\for\f\bdjust\f\bny\fcondition\funtil\fthe\fro\bd\ftest\fis\f
c\brried\fout,\funless\fthe\fvehicle\fis\finoper\btive\for\fthe\fcondition\fcould\fpose\f\b\fh\bz\brd\fto\fthe\f
technici\bn.\fAfter\fverifying\fth\bt\fthe\fcondition\fh\bs\fbeen\fcorrected,\fm\bke\fsure\f\bll\fcomponents\f
removed\fh\bve\fbeen\finst\blled.\f
Power S\feering Condi\fions
Check\ffor\fthe\fnoise\fin\fthe\ffollowing\fconditions\fto\fverify\fthe\fcustomer\fconcern.\f

Check\ffor\fthe\fnoise\fin\fsever\bl\ftemper\bture\fconditions.\f\f

Is\fthe\fnoise\ffrom\fwhen\fthe\fvehicle\fw\bs\fnew?\f\f

C\bn\fthe\fnoise\fbe\frepe\bted\fconst\bntly\for\fis\fit\fr\bndom?\f\f

Check\fthe\fcondition\fof\fthe\fvehicle\f\bge,\fmile\bge\f\bnd\fservice\frecord.\f\f

Interview\fthe\fcustomer\fto\ffind\fthe\foper\bting\fcondition\fin\fwhich\fthe\fnoise\fwill\foccur.\fTest\f
th

e\fvehicle\fb\bsed\fon\fthe\fdet\bil(s)\ffrom\fthe\fcustomer\finterview.\f\f

Follow\fthe\fpower\fsteering\foper\btion\fnoise\fcondition\ft\bbles\fbelow,\fto\ffind\fwhich\fcondition\f
th

e\fnoise\fwill\foccur.\f
Power S\feering Opera\fion Noise Check
S t

ep\f1:\fCheck\ffor\fNVH\fconcerns\ffrom\fnon-steering\fcomponents,\fwhich\fm\by\fsound\flike\f
noises\fcoming\ffrom\fthe\fsteering\fsystem.\f
N\bH concerns from o\fher componen\fs
Power a\b\bi\bted \bteeri\fg operati\fg co\fditio\f
Parki\fgDrivi\fg
Steering\fcentr\bl/slightly\f
off\fcenterSteering\f\bt\f\b\fsteering\f
lock\fstopDriving\fstr\bight\f\bhe\bdCornering\fcondition
REFER\fto\fNVH\fconcerns\f
from\fother\fcomponents\f
column\fAREFER\fto\fNVH\f
concerns\ffrom\fother\f
components\fcolumn\fBREFER\fto\fNVH\f
concerns\ffrom\fother\f
components\fcolumn\fCREFER\fto\fNVH\f
concerns\ffrom\fother\f
components\fcolumn\fD
NVH co\fcer\f\b from other co\fditio\f (colum\f A to D)
Noi\beDrivi\fg Co\fditio\fABCD
Ped\bl\fbox\fknockingDrive\foff,\fstop\fdriving\f\bnd\fslow\fcornering\fover\f
uneven\fro\bdsXXOX
St\bbilizer\fb\br\flink\fknockingDrive\foff,\fdriving\f\bnd\fcorneringXOOX
Engine\fsupport\finsul\btor\fknockingDrive\foff,\fdriving,\f\bcceler\btion\f\bnd\fdeceler\btionXX
Air\fconditioning\fknockingEngine\fon,\f\bctiv\bte\fswitch\ffor\f\bir\fconditioningXXOO
Suspension\fknocking\f(Subfr\bme,\f
Springs)Drive\foff,\fdriving,\fcornering,\f\bcceler\btion\f\bnd\f
deceler\btionXOX
Const\bnt\fvelocity\f(CV)\fjoint\fDrive\foff,\fdriving,\fcornering,\f\bcceler\btion\f\bnd\fXOX
Стр. 4 из 15
04.01.2013http://127.0.0.1:8888/wsm/js/procedure.do?variantId=1431&proc-uid=G37349&guid...procarmanuals.com
http://vnx.su

X\f=\fNoise\fwill\fmost\flikely\foccur\fin\fthis\foper\bting\fcondition.\f\f

O\f=\fNoise\fc\bn\fpossibly\foccur\fin\fthis\foper\bting\fcondition.\f\f

Bl\bnk\f=\fNoise\fis\funlikely\fto\foccur\fin\fthis\foper\bting\fcondition.\f
Step\f2:\fCheck\ffor\fsteering\fsystem\fNVH\fconcerns\f\bccording\fto\foper\btion\fcondition\fdescribed\f
\bt
\fthe\fcustomer\finterview.\f
S\feering sys\fem N\bH concerns

X\f=\fNoise\fwill\fmost\flikely\foccur\fin\fthis\foper\bting\fcondition.\f\f

O\f=\fNoise\fc\bn\fpossibly\foccur\fin\fthis\foper\bting\fcondition.\f\f

Bl\bnk\f=\fNoise\fis\funlikely\fto\foccur\fin\fthis\foper\bting\fcondition.\f
Step\f3:\fAccording\fto\fe\bch\fidentified\foper\bting\fcondition\f(Column\fA,\fB,\fC,\fD,\fE,\fF),\fcheck\f
e \b

ch\fpossible\fSteering\fSystem\fNVH\fconcern\fwith\fthe\fdet\bil\fsymptom\fch\brts\fbelow.\f
knockingdeceler\btion
W\bsher\fbottleDeceler\btion,\f\bcceler\btion\f\bnd\fsingle\fimp\bctOX
Loose\fsuspension\fbolts\fAll\fdriving\fconditionsOOX
Instrument\fp\bnel\fr\bttle/sque\bkAll\fdriving\fconditions.\fEngine\frpm\fdepend\bntXXXX
Power a\b\bi\bted \bteeri\fg operati\fg co\fditio\f
Parki\fgDrivi\fg
Vehicle \btatio\fary with e\fgi\fe
off
Steering\f
centr\bl/slightly\foff\f
center
Steering\f\bt\f\b\f
steering\flock\f
stop
Steering\f
centr\bl/slightly\foff\f
center
Steering\f\bt\f\b\f
steering\flock\f
stop
Steering\f
centr\bl/slightly\foff\f
centre
Steering\f\bt\f\b\f
steering\flock\f
stop
REFER\fto\fsteering\f
system\fNVH\f
concerns\fcolumn\f
A
REFER\fto\f
steering\f
system\fNVH\f
concerns\f
column\fBREFER\fto\fsteering\f
system\fNVH\f
concerns\fcolumn\f
C
REFER\fto\f
steering\f
system\fNVH\f
concerns\f
column\fDREFER\fto\fsteering\f
system\fNVH\f
concerns\fcolumn\f
E
REFER\fto\f
steering\f
system\fNVH\f
concerns\f
column\fF
Steeri\fg Sy\btem operatio\f co\fditio\f (colum\f A to F)
Noi\beDrivi\fg co\fditio\fABCDEF
Mo\bnP\brking\fbetween\flock\fstops,\f\bt\fengine\fidle\f\bnd\f\blso\f
incre\bsed\fengine\fspeedXO
WhineDriving,\fhigh\fengine\frpm.\fMust\fbe\fpresent\ffrom\fnewOOXX
Hiss\b)\fP\brking\fbetween\flock\fstops.\fMust\fbe\fpresent\ffrom\fnewXXOO
b)\fHolding\fsteering\fwheel\f\bg\binst\flock\fstops.\fMust\fbe\f
present\ffrom\fnewX
Lock\fstop\fimp\bct\fknock\b)\fP\brking\f\bt\flock\fstop.\fMust\fbe\fpresent\ffrom\fnewXX
Mech\bnic\bl\fknock\f
(power\f\bssisted\f
steering\f(PAS)\foff)b)\fP\brking\fbetween\flock\fstops,\fengine\fOFF.\fMust\fbe\fpresent\f
from\fnew
X
Mech\bnic\bl\fKnock\f(PAS\f
on)
c)\fP\brking\fbetween\flock\fstops,\fengine\fON\f(b\bll\fjoint\fknock)X
H\bmmer\fknockd)\fP\brking\finto\flock\fstop\f\bnd\frele\bse\f(vehicle\fwith\fhydr\bulic\f
power\f\bssisted\fsteering\f(HPAS)\fonly,\fnot\ffor\fvehicles\fwith\f
electro-hydr\bulic\fpower\f\bssisted\fsteering\f(EHPAS))X
Hydr\bulic\fknock\f(clonk)e)\fDriving,\fcobble\fstones,\frough\fro\bd\f(clonk).\fMust\fbe\f
present\ffrom\fnewOX
Column\fknockf)\fP\brking,\fdriving.\fcobble\fstones\f\bnd\frough\fro\bdsXXOXXX
Column\fr\bttleM\binly\fdriving\fon\frough\fro\bdsOXXO
Toc-tocSteering\fleft\f\bnd\fright\f\bt\fhigh\ffrequency.\fMust\fbe\fpresent\f
from\fnewX
GrindingWhen\fturning\fsteering\fwheelXOX
ZipAt\fengine\fst\brt,\flow\ftemper\btures\fbelow\f-10°C\fonlyXO
Стр. 5 из 15
04.01.2013http://127.0.0.1:8888/wsm/js/procedure.do?variantId=1431&proc-uid=G37349&guid...procarmanuals.com
http://vnx.su

Before\fconducting\f\b\fvehicle\ftest\fto\fidentify\f\b\fNVH\fconcern\fc\brry\fout\fthe\ffollowing\fchecks.\f1. 1.
Check\fthe\ftire\fpressures\f\bnd\f\bdjust\fto\fspecific\btion,\f\bs\fnecess\bry.\f
2

. 2.
M\bke\fsure\fthe\fsteering\fsystem\ffluid\fis\fcorrect,\fthe\fsystem\fis\ffree\fof\fle\bks\f\bnd\fis\f
o
per\bting\fcorrectly.\f
3. 3.
M\bke\fsure\fthe\fvehicle\fsteering\fsystem\ftemper\bture\fis\fthe\fs\bme\f\bs\fdescribed\f\bt\fthe\f
customer\finterview.\f
4. 4.
All\fev\blu\btions\fmust\ft\bke\fpl\bce\fin\f\b\frel\btively\fquiet\floc\btion.\f
5

. 5.
The\fhe\bting\f-\f\bir\fconditioning\f(A/C)\ff\bn\f\bnd\fr\bdio\fmust\fbe\fturned\foff\fduring\f
e
v\blu\btions\f\bnd\fthe\fwindows\fclosed.\f
Symp\fom Char\f
Power S\feering Moan Noise
Test\fCondition\f
Li
sten\ffor\fsteering\fmo\bn\fnoise\fwith\fthe\fvehicle\fp\brked,\ftr\bnsmission\fin\fneutr\bl\f\bnd\f\bll\f
windows\fclosed\fin\fthe\ffollowing\ftest\fconditions.\f
1. 1.
Engine\fspeed\f\bt\fidle\fwith\fno\fsteering\f\bction.\f
2

. 2.
Engine\fspeed\f\bt\fidle\fwith\fslow\f90\fdegrees\fper\fsecond\fturning\fof\fthe\fsteering\f
w
heel.\f
3. 3.
Engine\fspeed\f\bt\f1250\f+/-\f50\frpm\fwith\fno\fsteering\f\bction.\f
4

. 4.
Engine\fspeed\f\bt\f1250\f+/-\f50\frpm\fwith\fslow\f90\fdegrees\fper\fsecond\fturning\fof\fthe\f
s
teering\fwheel.\f
Power S\feering Whine Noise
Test\fCondition\f
Symptom
Po\b\bible Source\b
Actio\f
Power\fsteering\fsystem\fmo\bn\fnoise\f–\fA\f
continuous\flow\fpitched\fhumming\fnoise\foccurs\f
when\fthe\fsteering\fwheel\fis\fturned\f\bnd\fthe\f
steering\fsystem\fis\flo\bded.\fNoise\ffrequency\f
ch\bnges\fwith\fengine\frpm\fch\bnges.\fP\brticul\brly\f
\bnnoying\f\bt\flower\fengine\fspeed.
Power\f
steering\f
lines.

CHECK\fthe\frouting\fof\fthe\f
po
wer\fsteering\flines.\f\f

CHECK\fthe\fpower\fsteering\f
li

ne\fcl\bmps\f\bre\fsecure.\f\f

CHECK\fthe\fpower\fsteering\f
li

nes\ffor\fcle\br\bnce\ffrom\fthe\f
vehicle\fbody,\ffront\f\bxle\f
crossmember\f\bnd\fsteering\f
ge\br.\f
Incorrect\f
power\f
steering\f
fluid.
FLUSH\fthe\fpower\fsteering\fsystem.\f
REFER\fto:\f Power\fSteering\fSystem\f
Flu

shing \f(211-00\fSteering\f
Sys

tem\f-\fGener\bl\f
Inform\btion,\fGener\bl\f
Procedures),\f
Power\f
steering\f
pump.Pressure\fpulses\ffrom\fthe\fpower\f
steering\fpump.\fCert\bin\f\bmount\fof\f
noise\flevel\f\bccept\bble,\fnot\f\b\f
s\bfety\fcritic\bl\fitem.
Стр. 6 из 15
04.01.2013http://127.0.0.1:8888/wsm/js/procedure.do?variantId=1431&proc-uid=G37349&guid...procarmanuals.com
http://vnx.su

Listen\ffor\fsteering\fwhine\fnoise\fwith\fthe\fvehicle\fp\brked,\ftr\bnsmission\fin\fneutr\bl\f\bnd\f\bll\f
windows\fclosed\fin\fthe\ffollowing\ftest\fconditions.\f1. 1.
Engine\fspeed\f\bt\f1800\f+/-\f50\frpm\fwith\fno\fsteering\f\bction.\f
2

. 2.
Engine\fspeed\f\bt\f1800\f+/-\f50\frpm\fwith\fslow\f90\fdegrees\fturning\fof\fthe\fsteering\f
w
heel.\f
3. 3.
Engine\fspeed\f\bt\f3000\f+/-\f50\frpm\fwith\fno\fsteering\f\bction.\f
4

. 4.
Engine\fspeed\f\bt\f3000\f+/-\f50\frpm\fwith\fslow\f90\fdegrees\fturning\fof\fthe\fsteering\f
w
heel.\f
Power S\feering Hiss Noise
Test\fCondition\f
L i

sten\ffor\fsteering\fhiss\fnoise\fwith\fthe\fvehicle\fp\brked,\ftr\bnsmission\fin\fneutr\bl\f\bnd\f\bll\f
windows\fclosed\fin\fthe\ffollowing\ftest\fconditions.\f
SymptomPo\b\bible Source\bActio\f
Power\fsteering\fsystem\fwhine\fnoise\f–\f\b\f
high\fpitched\fbuzzing\fsound\flike\f\bn\felectric\f
motor\for\fdrill.\fWhine\foccurs\f\bt\fthe\fhigher\f
engine\frpm,\f1500\f-\f5000\frpm,\ffrequency\f
does\fnot\fch\bnge\fif\fsystem\fis\flo\bded\for\fnot\f
lo\bded.
Power\fsteering\f
fluid\f\ber\btion.
BLEED\fthe\fpower\fsteering\f
system.\f\f
REFER\fto:\f Power\fSteering\f
Sys

tem\fBleeding\f(211-00\f
Ste

ering\fSystem\f-\fGener\bl\f
Inform\btion,\fGener\bl\f
Procedures).\f
Incorrect\fpower\f
steering\ffluid.
FLUSH\fthe\fpower\fsteering\f
system.\fREFER\fto:\f
Power\fSteering\fSystem\f
Flu
shing \f(211-00\fSteering\f
Sys

tem\f-\fGener\bl\f
Inform\btion,\fGener\bl\f
Procedures),\f
Overhe\bted\fpower\f
steering\ffluid.
FLUSH\fthe\fpower\fsteering\f
system.\fREFER\fto:\f Power\fSteering\fSystem\f
Flu
shing \f(211-00\fSteering\f
Sys

tem\f-\fGener\bl\f
Inform\btion,\fGener\bl\f
Procedures),\f
Hydr\bulic\f
oper\bting\f
condition\fof\fthe\f
power\fsteering\f
pump.
Cert\bin\f\bmount\fof\fnoise\flevel\f
\bccept\bble,\fnot\f\b\fs\bfety\fcritic\bl\f
item.
Symptom
Po\b\bible
Source\b
Actio\f
NOTE:\fEngine\fspeed\f\bt\fidle\fturning\fthe\fsteering\fwheel\f
slowly\flock\fto\flock.\f
Power\fsteering\fsystem\fhiss\fnoise\f–\f\b\fhigh\ffrequency,\f
co
ntinuous\frush\for\fswish\fnoise\flike\fesc\bping\f\bir\ffrom\f\b\f
b\blloon.\fHiss\foccurs\fwhile\fturning\fbetween\fthe\fsteering\f
lock\fstops,\f\bll\fsteering\f\bngles.\fNoise\fdoes\fnot\fch\bnge\fwith\f
engine\frpm\f\bnd\fis\fworse\f\bt\fhigh\foper\bting\ftemper\btures.Floor\fse\bl.
CHECK\fthe\f
inst\bll\btion\f\bnd\f
potenti\bl\fd\bm\bge\fof\f
the\ffloor\fse\bl.
Power\f
steering\fge\br\f
v\blve\fdesign.Cert\bin\f\bmount\fof\f
noise\flevel\f
\bccept\bble,\fnot\f\b\f
s\bfety\fcritic\bl\fitem.
Power\f
steering\fCert\bin\f\bmount\fof\f
noise\flevel\f
Стр. 7 из 15
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