tow FORD KUGA 2011 1.G User Guide

Engine Cooling — 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5 – Overview
Auxiliary coolant pump
An electrically operated auxiliary coolant pump is
installed on vehicles with a trailer coupling and/or
additional heating. The auxiliary coolant pump
ensures that the coolant is circulated when the
coolant pump (which is driven by the engine) is not
running.
The additional heating uses the auxiliary coolant
pump to circulate hot coolant through the heat
exchanger and the engine.
On vehicles with a trailer coupling the auxiliary
coolant pump is switched on for 6 minutes by the
PCM (powertrain control module) if the coolant
temperature exceeds 106°C when the engine is
switched off. This prevents the coolant circuit from
overheating. This could happen particularly if the
engine is switched off after towing a heavy trailer
up a steep hill before there has been sufficient time
for cooling.
G1088220en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-03-3
Engine Cooling
303-03- 3
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• Fuel injection supply manifold
fuel pressure sensor.
• REFER to:Engine Ignition
(303-07 Engine Ignition - 2.5L
Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5, Diagnosis and Testing).
• Engine ignition.
• Engine stumbling
• INSPECT the fuel injectors.CLEAN the fuel injectors or
INSTALL a new set of injectors
as required only after the
checks have been carried out.
REFER to: Fuel Injectors (303-
04 Fuel Charging and
Controls - 2.5L Duratec
(147kW/200PS) - VI5,
Removal and Installation).
• Fuel injectors.
• Check the fuel system pres-sure.
• Low fuel system pressure.
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• Fuel rail fuel pressure sensor.
• REFER to:Engine Ignition
(303-07 Engine Ignition - 2.5L
Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5, Diagnosis and Testing).
• Engine ignition.
• Engine lacks power
• CHECK the braking system.REFER to: Brake System (206-
00 Brake System - General
Information, Diagnosis and
Testing).
• Brakes binding.
• ADVISE the customer aboutthe effects of overloading the
vehicle and wind resistance on
the fuel consumption.
• Vehicle overloaded, or
excessive wind resistance (roof
racks, towing etc).
• INSTALL a new air cleanerelement as necessary.
• Air cleaner element blocked.
• Check the fuel system pres-sure.
• Low fuel system pressure.
• INSPECT the fuel lines.INSTALL new components as
necessary. TEST the system
for normal operation.
• Kinked or restricted fuel lines.
G1183441en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-04A-
9
Fuel Charging and Controls
— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5
303-04A- 9
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• CHECK the valve timing.REFER to: Timing Belt (303-01
Engine - 2.5L Duratec
(147kW/200PS) - VI5,
Removal and Installation).
• Incorrect valve timing.
• REMOVE the cylinder head.INSPECT the cylinder head
and pistons for signs carbon
build up.
REFER to: Cylinder Head (303-
01 Engine - 2.5L Duratec
(147kW/200PS) - VI5,
Removal and Installation).
• Excessive carbon build up.
• INSPECT the engine compon-ents.
• Worn or damaged oil pump.
• Worn or damaged timing chain
or sprocket.
• Major mechanical engine failure.
• Carry out a full enginediagnosis using the guided
diagnostic menu in the Ford
diagnostic equipment.
• KS.
• Engine knock during accelera-
tion
• INSPECT the fuel injectors.CLEAN the fuel injectors or
INSTALL a new set of injectors
as required only after the
checks have been carried out.
REFER to: Fuel Injectors (303-
04 Fuel Charging and
Controls - 2.5L Duratec
(147kW/200PS) - VI5,
Removal and Installation).
• Fuel injectors.
• REFER to:Engine(303-00
Engine System - General
Information, Diagnosis and
Testing).
• Major mechanical engine
failure.
• CHECK the braking system.REFER to: Brake System (206-
00 Brake System - General
Information, Diagnosis and
Testing).
• Brakes binding.
• Excessive fuel consumption
• ADVISE the customer aboutthe effects of overloading the
vehicle and wind resistance on
the fuel consumption.
• Vehicle overloaded, or
excessive wind resistance (roof
racks, towing etc).
• INSTALL a new air cleanerelement.
• Air cleaner element blocked.
G1183441en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-04A-
19
Fuel Charging and Controls
— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) -
VI5
303-04A- 19
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Starting System
Refer toWiring Diagrams Section 303-06, for
schematic and connector information.
General Equipment
Ford diagnostic equipment
Inspection and Verification
1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of electrical damage.
Visual Inspection Chart
Electrical
• Fuse(s)
• Wiring harness
• Electrical connector(s)
• Relay
• Switch(es)
• Battery junction box (BJB)
• Engine junction box (EJB)
• Central junction box (CJB)
• Keyless vehicle module (KVM) (if equipped)
• Battery
• Starter motor
• Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step.
4. If the cause is not visually evident, verify the symptom and refer to the diagnostictab within
the Ford diagnostic equipment .
G1183444en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-06-9
Starting System— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5303-06-
9
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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than to a change in the throttle valve position. The
ignition timing also changes much more quickly.
To keep the ignition point as close as possible to
the knock limit and so optimize the efficiency of the
engine, two KS are installed in the engine, which
pick up the mechanical vibrations of the engine
and convert them into an electrical signal for the
PCM.
TIE42093
1
2
A
B1
2
Description
Item
Normal combustion
A
Knocking combustion
B
Pressure characteristic in cylinder
1
Output signal from KS
2
The term "knocking" is used to describe
combustion processes in which the flame front
propagation speed reaches the speed of sound.
This can happen towards the end of combustion
in particular, when unburnt air/fuel mixture on the
combustion chamber walls self-ignites due to the
increase in pressure following initiation of regular
combustion. The resulting pressure peaks damage
the pistons, cylinder head gasket and cylinder
head.
The cylinder in which combustion knock is
occurring is identified from the camshaft position (CMP sensors) and crankshaft position (CKP
sensor) information.
If the PCM detects combustion knock, the ignition
timing for the cylinder in question is gradually
retarded for a few crankshaft revolutions until
combustion knock stops. After that the ignition point
is slowly returned to the calculated value. This
facilitates individual cylinder ignition, which makes
it possible for the engine to operate at optimum
efficiency at the knock limit.
Engine fueling
Fuel is supplied by a non-return fuel system.
Fuel pressure and fuel delivery rate are regulated
by the PCM with the aid of the FPDM. The fuel
pump is supplied with a cycled voltage by the
FPDM. By cycling the voltage, the fuel pump output
can be steplessly adjusted. The fuel pressure can
be steplessly regulated between 3 and 5 bar.
Adjusting the fuel pump output has the following
advantages:
• The fuel pump's power consumption is reduced,
thereby reducing the load on the vehicle's power
supply system.
• The fuel pump's service life is increased.
• Fuel pump noise is reduced.
Fuel pressure regulator
The PCM calculates the required fuel pressure
based on the operating conditions. The PCM
transmits a corresponding PWM signal to the
FPDM. With the aid of this signal, the FPDM
actuates the pump by sending, in turn, a PWM
signal to the ground connection of the fuel pump.
The fuel pump can be steplessly regulated by
varying the pulse width of the PWM signal.
The PCM continuously monitors the fuel pressure
in the fuel rail by means of the fuel temperature/fuel
pressure sensor. If the pressure deviates from the
calculated value, the PCM adapts the PWM signal
to the FPDM accordingly. Thus the fuel pressure
levels out at approx. 4 bar.
For safety reasons, the PCM switches off fuel
delivery if the SRS (supplemental restraint system)
module detects a crash.
Regulation of injected fuel quantity
The electromagnetically controlled injectors dose
and atomize the fuel. The quantity of injected fuel
is regulated by the duration of actuation of the fuel
injectors. The fuel injectors are either closed (not
G1021908en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
303-14- 20
Electronic Engine Controls— 2.5L Duratec (147kW/200PS) - VI5303-14-
20
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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SECTION 307-01 Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With: 5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
VEHICLE APPLICATION:2008.50 Kuga
PA G E
CONTENTS
SPECIFICATIONS
307-01-4
Specifications ........................................................................\
..............................................
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 307-01-5
Transmission Description (Component Location) ...............................................................
307-01-6
Transmission Description (Overview) ........................................................................\
.........
307-01-6
Components of the AW55 automatic transaxle ..................................................................
307-01-6
General overview ........................................................................\
....................................
307-01-8
Transaxle cooling ........................................................................\
....................................
307-01-8
External shift mechanism ........................................................................\
........................
307-01-9
Components of the electronic control ........................................................................\
.....
307-01-11
Overview of the brakes, clutches and one-way clutches ................................................
307-01-12
Input and output signals at the TCM ........................................................................\
.......
307-01-14
Knowing and Understanding Customer Concerns ..........................................................
307-01-14
Testing Possible Causes of Transmission Control Faults ...............................................
307-01-14
IDS Diagnosis ........................................................................\
.........................................
307-01-14
visual inspection ........................................................................\
.....................................
307-01-15
Towing the vehicle ........................................................................\
..................................
307-01-15
Push-starting the Vehicle ........................................................................\
........................
307-01-15
Jump-starting the Vehicle ........................................................................\
.......................
307-01-15
Selector Lever Emergency Release ........................................................................\
.......
307-01-16
Adjusting the Selector Lever Cable ........................................................................\
........
307-01-17
Transmission Fluid Level Check ........................................................................\
.............
307-01-17
Changing the Transmission Fluid ........................................................................\
...........
307-01-18
Diagnosis with IDS ........................................................................\
..................................
307-01-19
Resetting the counter for fluid change intervals. .............................................................
307-01-19
Programming the 'N' position of the TR sensor..............................................................
307-01-19
Resetting the values learned by the TCM .......................................................................
307-01-21
Transmission Description (System Operation and Component Description) .....................
307-01-21
System Operation ........................................................................\
.......................................
307-01-22
Functionality overview ........................................................................\
............................
307-01-24
Electronic Control System ........................................................................\
......................
307-01-24
Hydraulic Control System ........................................................................\
.......................
307-01-24
Type plate ........................................................................\
...............................................
307-01-25
Serial number of the transmission ........................................................................\
..........
307-01-25
Markings on the TCM ........................................................................\
.............................
307-01-25
Serial

number of the TCM ........................................................................\
.......................
307-01-25
Transmission Control ........................................................................\
..............................
307-01-27
Pin assignment for TCM connector 'C' (connection to transaxle) ...................................
307-01-28
Operation ........................................................................\
................................................
307-01-29
Gearshift control ........................................................................\
......................................
307-01-29
Adaptation ........................................................................\
...............................................
307-01-29
Shifting from 'P' to another transmission range ..............................................................
307-01-1
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With:
5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
307-01- 1
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307-01-29
Automatic transmission, selector lever in position "D". ...................................................
307-01-29
Sport mode, selector lever in position "S" .......................................................................
307-01-29
Changing gear in select-shift mode........................................................................\
........
307-01-30
Selector lever from 'N' to 'R' position ........................................................................\
......
307-01-30
Self-test and Diagnosis ........................................................................\
...........................
307-01-30
Temperature controlled torque converter lockup ............................................................
307-01-30
Slip locking ........................................................................\
..............................................
307-01-30
Hill climbing ........................................................................\
.............................................
307-01-31
Downhill driving ........................................................................\
.......................................
307-01-31
Hill-hold function ........................................................................\
.....................................
307-01-31
Altitude correction ........................................................................\
...................................
307-01-31
Selector lever lock ........................................................................\
..................................
307-01-31
Shifting from P into another transmission range .............................................................
307-01-31
Shifting from N into another transmission range .............................................................
307-01-31
Power flow through the transmission ........................................................................\
......
307-01-31
Clutches and brakes ........................................................................\
...............................
307-01-33
Position P (park) ........................................................................\
.....................................
307-01-34
Position N (neutral) ........................................................................\
.................................
307-01-35
Position D, 1st gear........................................................................\
................................
307-01-36
Position D, 2nd gear ........................................................................\
...............................
307-01-37
Position D, 3rd gear ........................................................................\
................................
307-01-38
Position D, 4th gear ........................................................................\
................................
307-01-39
Position D, 5th gear ........................................................................\
................................
307-01-40
Position R (reverse) ........................................................................\
................................
307-01-41
Service instructions ........................................................................\
.................................
307-01-41
Towing procedure ........................................................................\
...................................
307-01-42
Reset adaptation data ........................................................................\
.............................
307-01-42
Limp home mode ........................................................................\
....................................
307-01-42
Component Description ........................................................................\
..............................
Tasks of the electronic components ........................................................................\
........
307-01-44
Input signals ........................................................................\
............................................
307-01-45
Output signals ........................................................................\
.........................................
Control valve assembly ........................................................................\
...........................
Shift solenoids S1 - S5 ........................................................................\
...........................
PWM-

solenoid valve – TCC (SLU) ........................................................................\
........
PWM solenoid valve – shift pressure (SLS) ...................................................................
PWM solenoid valve for main line pressure (SLT) ..........................................................
307-01-52
Installation position ........................................................................\
.................................
Operation ........................................................................\
................................................
Selector lever with integrated select-shift switch module ...............................................
Oil pump ........................................................................\
..................................................
Torque converter with TCC ........................................................................\
.....................
The TSS sensor ........................................................................\
......................................
The OSS sensor ........................................................................\
.....................................
The TFT sensor ........................................................................\
......................................
The TR sensor ........................................................................\
........................................
GENERAL PROCEDURES
T ransmission Fluid Level Check ........................................................................\
.................
307-01-63
T ransmission Fluid Drain and Refill ........................................................................\
............
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION 307-01-67
Halfshaft Seal LH ........................................................................\
........................................
307-01-68
Halfshaft Seal RH........................................................................\
.......................................
307-01-69
Main Control Valve Body ........................................................................\
............................
307-01-2
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With:
5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
307-01- 2
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307-01-42
307-01-49
307-01-52 307-01-47
307-01-45
307-01-50
307-01-51
307-01-53
307-01-55
307-01-54
307-01-56
307-01-57
307-01-58
307-01-61 307-01-60
PAGE 2 OF 3 FORD KUGA 2011.0MY WORKSHOP REPAIR MANUAL

• Selector lever position and selector leverposition display
• Fluid leakage
• Transmission fluid level check
• Transmission fluid quality check
• Modification/retrofitting
• Mechanical damage to the transmission
When inspecting connectors, remember that the
plugs may only be disconnected when they are not
energized.
The transaxle electronics may be destroyed by
static charge. To prevent damage, it must be
ensured that the technician complies with the
corresponding safeguards.
NOTE: Refer to the service literature for an exact
description of these safeguards.
Towing the vehicle
E66463
In general, vehicles with the AW55 transaxle can
be towed. Vehicles must never be towed
backwards.
As a result of the reduced lubrication of the
transaxle during towing, the following must be
remembered:
• The selector lever must be in the 'N' position.
• The maximum towing speed must not exceed 50 km/h.
• The maximum towing distance must not exceed 50 kilometers.
Push-starting the Vehicle
No torque is transmitted when towing or pushing
the vehicle. For this reason, vehicles with an
automatic transaxle cannot and must not be
tow-started or push-started.
Jump-starting the Vehicle
CAUTION: When jump-starting the vehicle
using a jumper lead there may be voltage
peaks. These may destroy the transaxle
electronics.
NOTE: When jump-starting the vehicle, the external
battery must remain connected for several minutes.
The voltage peaks dissipate after a few minutes.
Only then may the external battery be disconnected
without the risk of damage.
Selector Lever Emergency Release
E114512
1
2
3
4
If release of the selector lever lock by means of
the selector lever lock solenoid actuated by the
TCM fails in selector lever position 'P', it is possible
to perform an emergency release.
Procedure:
• Carefully slide a flat screwdriver into the slot (1).
• Turn the screwdriver (2).
• Press the screwdriver downwards to detach the gaiter frame from the trim panel (3).
G1163604en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
307-01- 15
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With:
5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
307-01- 15
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E127362
12
3
Input shaft:
The transmission input shaft rotates clockwise.
Clutch C2 (1) connects the transmission input shaft
with the sun gear. The sun gear rotates clockwise.
The rear planetary gear set rotates
counterclockwise. The front larger planetary gear
set rotates counterclockwise with the rear planetary
gear set as a single unit. The front smaller
planetary gear set rotates clockwise.
Brake B3 (2) blocks the ring gear in
counterclockwise direction. The front and rear
planetary gear carriers are turned clockwise by the
front smaller gear. The primary idler gear rotates
counterclockwise with the front and rear planetary
gear carriers as one unit.
Output shaft:
The secondary idler gear rotates clockwise. The
front annular gear rotates clockwise with the
secondary idler gear as a single unit. The front
planetary gear set rotates clockwise. The sun gear
rotates in counterclockwise direction.
Brake B5 (3) prevents rotation of the rear planetary
gear carrier. The rear annular gear rotates
clockwise. The front planetary gear carrier and the
final drive pinion rotate clockwise with the rearannular gear as one unit. The final drive rotates
counterclockwise.
Engine braking:
The power is transferred directly to the
transmission input shaft without one-way clutch
involvement. Engine braking is thus applied.
NOTE:
The clutch C2 and the brake B3 are only
activated at a speed below 7 km/h (approx. 4.35
mph) when shifting from a forward gear to the
reverse gear.
Service instructions
Towing procedure
Towing is only permitted travelling forwards, at a
maximum speed of 80 km/h and for up 80 km. The
gear selector lever must be in Neutral.
CAUTION: The vehicle must never be
towed backwards under any
circumstances.
G1163605en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
307-01- 41
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With:
5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
307-01- 41
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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