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SECTION 100-02 Jacking and Lifting
VEHICLE APPLICATION:2008.50 Kuga
PA G E
CONTENTS
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
100-02-2
Jacking ........................................................................\
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100-02-3
Lifting ........................................................................\
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100-02- 1
Jacking and Lifting
100-02- 1
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Jacking
E100534
G1001882en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
100-02-2
Jacking and Lifting
100-02- 2
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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Lifting
E96852
G1001883en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
100-02-3
Jacking and Lifting
100-02- 3
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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Noise Conditions
• Gear noise is typically a howling or whining dueto gear damage or incorrect bearing preload. It
can occur at various speeds and driving
conditions, or it can be continuous.
• Chuckle is a particular rattling noise that sounds like a stick against the spokes of a spinning
bicycle wheel. It occurs while decelerating from
64 km/h (40 mph) and can usually be heard all
the way to a stop. The frequency varies with
vehicle speed.
• Knock is very similar to chuckle, though it may be louder and occurs on acceleration or
deceleration. The teardown will disclose what
has to be corrected.
Clicking, popping or grinding noises may be caused
by the following:
• worn, damaged or incorrectly installed wheel bearing, suspension or brake component.
Check and rule out tires, exhaust and trim items
before disassembling the transmission to diagnose
and correct gear noise.
The noises described under Road Test usually
have specific causes that can be diagnosed by
observation as the unit is disassembled. The initial
clues are the type of noise heard on the road test
and driving conditions.
Vibration Conditions
Vibration at highway speeds may be caused by
the following:
• out-of-balance front or rear wheels.
• out-of-round tires.
Shudder or vibration during acceleration may be
caused by the following:
• damaged powertrain/drivetrain mounts.
• excessively high constant velocity (CV) joint operating angles caused by incorrect ride height.
Check ride height, verify correct spring rate and
check items under inoperative conditions.
Road Test
A gear-driven unit will produce a certain amount
of noise. Some noise is acceptable and may be
audible at certain speeds or under various driving
conditions, as on a newly paved asphalt road. The slight noise is in no way detrimental and must be
considered normal.
The road test and customer interview (if available)
provide information needed to identify the condition
and give direction to the correct starting point for
diagnosis.
1. Make notes throughout the diagnosis routine.
Make sure to write down even the smallest bit
of information, because it may turn out to be the
most important.
2. Do not touch anything until a road test and a thorough visual inspection of the vehicle have
been carried out. Leave the tire pressures and
vehicle load just where they were when the
condition was first observed. Adjusting tire
pressures, vehicle load or making other
adjustments may reduce the condition(s)
intensity to a point where it cannot be identified
clearly. It may also inject something new into
the system, preventing correct diagnosis.
3. Make a visual inspection as part of the preliminary diagnosis routine, writing down
anything that does not look right. Note tire
pressures, but do not adjust them yet. Note
leaking fluids, loose nuts and bolts, or bright
spots where components may be rubbing
against each other. Check the load space for
unusual loads.
4. Road test the vehicle and define the condition by reproducing it several times during the road
test.
5. Carry out the Road Test Quick Checks as soon as the condition is reproduced. This will identify
the correct diagnostic procedure. Carry out the
Road Test Quick Checks more than once to
verify they are providing a valid result.
Remember, the Road Test Quick Checks may
not tell where the concern is, but they will tell
where it is not.
Road Test Quick Checks
1. 24-80 km/h (15-50 mph): with light acceleration,a moaning noise is heard and possibly a
vibration felt in the front floor panel. It is usually
worse at a particular engine speed and at a
particular throttle setting during acceleration at
that speed. It may also produce a moaning
sound, depending on what component is
causing it. REFER to Tip-in Moan in the
Driveline Noise and Vibration Symptom Chart.
2. Acceleration/Deceleration: With slow acceleration and deceleration, a shake is
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Noise, Vibration and Harshness
100-04- 3
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)
Inspection and Verification
1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanicalor electrical damage.
3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step.
4. If the concern is not visually evident, verify the symptom and REFER to the Symptom Chart.
How to Use this Diagnostic Procedure
Section
• Noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) concernshave become more important as vehicles have
become more sensitive to these vibrations. This
section is designed to aid in identifying these
concerns.
• The section provides diagnostic procedures based on symptom. If the condition occurs at
high speed, for instance, the most likely place
to start is under Shake and Vibration While
Driving.
• The road test procedure will tell how to sort the conditions into categories and how to tell a
vibration from a shake.
• A series of Road Test Quick Checks are provided to make sure that a cause is either
pinpointed or eliminated.
• Name the condition, proceed to the appropriate section and locate the correct diagnosis. When
the condition is identified, the job is partly done.
• Follow the diagnostic procedure as outlined.
• Quick Checks are described within the step, while more involved tests and adjustments are
outlined in General Procedures.
• Always follow each step exactly and make notes to recall important findings later.
Customer Interview
The road test and customer interview (if available)
provide information that will help identify the
concern and will provide direction to the correct
starting point for diagnosis.
Identify the Condition
NVH usually occur in four areas:
• tires
• engine accessories
• suspension
• driveline
It is important, therefore, that an NVH concern be
isolated into its specific area(s) as soon as
possible. The easiest and quickest way to do this
is to carry out the Road Test as outlined. To assist
in the diagnosis and testing procedure(s), use a
suitable approved NVH diagnosis tester.
Noise Diagnostic Procedure
Non-Axle Noise
The five most common sources of non-axle noise
are exhaust, tires, roof racks, trim panels and
transmission.
Therefore, make sure that none of the following
conditions are the cause of the noise before
proceeding with a driveline teardown and
diagnosis.
• In certain conditions, the pitch of the exhaustmay sound very much like gear noise. At other
times, it can be mistaken for a wheel bearing
rumble.
• Tires, especially snow tires, can have a high pitched tread whine or roar, similar to gear
noise. Radial tires may have this characteristic.
Also, any non-standard tire with an unusual
tread construction may emit a roar or whine
noise.
• Trim panels can also cause whistling or whining noise.
• Clunk may be a metallic noise heard when the automatic transaxle is engaged in "R"
(REVERSE) or "D" (DRIVE) or it may occur
when the throttle is applied or released. It is
caused by backlash somewhere in the driveline.
• Bearing rumble sounds like marbles being tumbled. This condition is usually caused by a
damaged wheel bearing.
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100-04- 2
Noise, Vibration and Harshness
100-04- 2
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Power assisted steering operating conditionDriving
Parking
Cornering condition
Driving straight ahead
Steering at a steering
lock stop
Steering central/slightly
off center
REFER to NVH
concerns from other
components column D
REFER to NVH
concerns from other
components column C
REFER to NVH
concerns from other
components column B
REFER to NVH
concerns from other
components column A
NVH concerns from other components
NVH concerns from other condition (column A to D) DCBA
Driving Condition
Noise
XOXX
Drive off, stop driving and slow cornering
over uneven roads
Pedal box knocking
XOOX
Drive off, driving and cornering
Stabilizer bar link
knocking
X
X
Drive off, driving, acceleration and
deceleration
Engine support insu-
lator knocking
OOXX
Engine on, activate switch for air condi-
tioning
Air conditioning
knocking
XO
X
Drive off, driving, cornering, acceleration
and deceleration
Suspension knocking
(Subframe, Springs)
X
OX
Drive off, driving, cornering, acceleration
and deceleration
Constant velocity (CV)
joint knocking
X
O
Deceleration, acceleration and single
impact
Washer bottle
XO
O
All driving conditions
Loose suspension
bolts
XXXX
All driving conditions. Engine rpm
dependant
Instrument panel
rattle/squeak
• X = Noise will most likely occur in this operating condition.
• O = Noise can possibly occur in this operating condition.
• Blank = Noise is unlikely to occur in this operating condition.
Step 2: Check for steering system NVH concerns
according to operation condition described at the
customer interview.
Power assisted steering operating condition
Vehicle stationary with engine off
Driving
Parking
Steering at a
steering lock stop
Steering central/
slightly off centre
Steering at a
steering lock
stop
Steering
central/slightly
off center
Steering at a
steering lock
stop
Steering
central/
slightly off
center
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100-04-
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Noise, Vibration and Harshness
100-04- 5
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Before conducting a vehicle test to identify a NVH
concern carry out the following checks.
1. Check the tire pressures and adjust tospecification, as necessary.
2. Make sure the steering system fluid is correct, the system is free of leaks and is operating
correctly.
3. Make sure the vehicle steering system temperature is the same as described at the
customer interview.
4. All evaluations must take place in a relatively quiet location.
5. The heating - air conditioning (A/C) fan and radio must be turned off during evaluations and
the windows closed.Symptom Chart
Power Steering Moan Noise
Test Condition
Listen for steering moan noise with the vehicle
parked, transmission in neutral and all windows
closed in the following test conditions.
1. Engine speed at idle with no steering action.
2. Engine speed at idle with slow 90 degrees persecond turning of the steering wheel.
3. Engine speed at 1250 +/- 50 rpm with no steering action.
4. Engine speed at 1250 +/- 50 rpm with slow 90 degrees per second turning of the steering
wheel.
Action
Possible Sources
Symptom
• CHECK the routing of thepower steering lines.
• CHECK the power steering line clamps are secure.
• CHECK the power steering lines for clearance from the
vehicle body, front axle cross-
member and steering gear.
Power steering lines.
Power steering system moan
noise – A continuous low pitched
humming noise occurs when the
steering wheel is turned and the
steering system is loaded. Noise
frequency changes with engine
rpm changes. Particularly
annoying at lower engine speed. FLUSH the power steering
system.
REFER to:
Power Steering
System Flushing (211-00
Steering System - General
Information, General Proced-
ures).
Incorrect power steering fluid.
Pressure pulses from the power
steering pump. Certain amount
of noise level acceptable, not a
safety critical item.
Power steering pump.
Power Steering Whine Noise
Test Condition
Listen for steering whine noise with the vehicle
parked, transmission in neutral and all windows
closed in the following test conditions. 1. Engine speed at 1800 +/- 50 rpm with no
steering action.
2. Engine speed at 1800 +/- 50 rpm with slow 90 degrees turning of the steering wheel.
3. Engine speed at 3000 +/- 50 rpm with no steering action.
4. Engine speed at 3000 +/- 50 rpm with slow 90 degrees turning of the steering wheel.
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Noise, Vibration and Harshness
100-04- 7
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3.Refer to: Lifting(100-02 Jacking and Lifting,
Description and Operation).
4.
E98183
5.
E98184
Vehicles with automatic transmission
6. General Equipment: Cable Ties
E112626
1
2
1
2
All vehicles
7.Torque: 5Nm
G1022366en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
412-01- 32
Climate Control
412-01- 32
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
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Suction Accumulator
Materials
Specification
Name
WSH-M1C231-B /
6U7J-M1C231-AA
Compressor Oil - Air
Conditioning
Removal
NOTE: Removal steps in this procedure may
contain installation details.
1. Refer to: Air Conditioning (A/C) System
Recovery, Evacuation and Charging (412-00
Climate Control System - General Information,
General Procedures).
2. Remove the right-hand headlamp.
3. 4. CAUTION: Make sure that all openings
are sealed. Torque: 8 Nm
5.
Refer to: Lifting(100-02 Jacking and Lifting,
Description and Operation).
6. G1065541en
2008.50 Kuga 8/2011 412-01-53
Climate Control
412-01-53
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Low-Pressure Cutoff Switch
Materials
Specification
Name
WSH-M1C231-B /
6U7J-M1C231-AA
Compressor Oil - Air
Conditioning
Removal
NOTE: Removal steps in this procedure may
contain installation details.
1. Refer to: Air Conditioning (A/C) System Health
and Safety Precautions (100-00 General
Information, Description and Operation).
2. Torque: 2.5 Nm
Installation
1.
To install, reverse the removal procedure.
2. Coat the o-ring seals.
Material: Compressor Oil - Air Conditioning
(WSH-M1C231-B / 6U7J-M1C231-AA)
refrigerant oil G1065543en
2008.50 Kuga 8/2011 412-01-58
Climate Control
412-01-58
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