brake FORD RANGER 2023 Repair Manual

•Transmissions give their best fueleconomy when operated in the topcruise gear and with steady pressureon the gas pedal.
•Four-wheel-drive operation (ifequipped) is less fuel efficient thantwo-wheel-drive operation.
COLD WEATHER
PRECAUTIONS
The functional operation of somecomponents and systems can be affectedat temperatures below approximately-13°F (-25°C).
OFF-ROAD DRIVING
Before going off-roading, consult with yourlocal governmental agencies to determinedesignated off-road trails and recreationareas. Also, be sure to understand anyoff-road vehicle registration requirementsfor the area in which you plan on driving.
Before taking your vehicle off-roading, abasic vehicle inspection should be done tomake sure that the vehicle is in top workingcondition.
Basic Off-road Driving Techniques
•Grip the steering wheel with thumbson the outside of the rim. This reducesthe risk of injury due to abrupt steeringwheel motions that occur whennegotiating rough terrain. Do not gripthe steering wheel with thumbs insidethe rim.
•Look ahead on your route notingupcoming obstacles, surface textureor color changes or any other factorswhich may indicate a change inavailable traction, and adjust thevehicle speed and route accordingly.
•Always keep available groundclearance in mind and pick a route thatminimizes the risk of catching theunderside of the vehicle on an obstacle.
•When negotiating low speed obstacles,applying light brake pressure inconjunction with the throttle helpsprevent the vehicle from jerking andallows you to negotiate the obstaclein a more controlled manner. Using 4Lalso helps with this.
Crossing Obstacles
•Review the path ahead beforeattempting to cross any obstacle. It isbest if the obstacle is reviewed fromoutside the vehicle so that there is agood understanding of terrain conditionboth in front of and behind theobstacle.
•If a large obstacle such as a rockcannot be avoided, choose a path thatplaces the rock directly under the tirerather than the undercarriage of thevehicle. This helps prevent damage toyour vehicle.
Hill Climbing
WARNING: Extreme care shouldbe used when steering the vehicle inreverse down a slope so as not to causethe vehicle to swerve out of control.
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2023 Ranger (TFG) Canada/United States of America, Vehicles Built From: 10-10-2022, enUSA, Edition date: 202208, First-PrintingDriving Hints

•Always attempt to climb a steep hillalong the fall line of the slope and notdiagonally.
•If the vehicle is unable to make it upthe hill, DO NOT attempt to turn backdown the slope. Place the vehicle inlow range and slowly back down inreverse.
•When descending a steep slope, selectlow gear and activate hill descentcontrol. Use the throttle and brakepedals to control your descent speedas described earlier in this section usinghill descent control. Hill descent controlis functional in reverse (R) and shouldbe used in this situation.
After Off-Road Driving
It is important to complete a full vehicleinspection after off-road driving. Someitems to check include:
•Check the wheels and undercarriagefor a buildup of mud or debris, whichcan cause vehicle vibration.
•Make sure that the grille and radiatorare clear of any obstructions that mayaffect cooling.
•Make sure that the brakes are in properworking order and free of any mud,stones and debris, which can becometrapped around the brake rotor,backing plate and caliper.
•Check that the air filter is clean and dry.
•Inspect for torn or punctured boots onball joints, half shafts, steering gears.
•Inspect exhaust system for damage orlooseness.
•Inspect undercarriage fasteners. If anyare loose or damaged, tighten orreplace and make sure that you use theproper torque specification.
•Inspect the wheels for dents, cracks,or other damage.
•Clear any debris from the exhaustcomponents. For example, grass or hay.
DRIVING THROUGH WATER
WARNING: Do not drive throughflowing or deep water as you may losecontrol of your vehicle.
Note:Driving through standing water cancause vehicle damage.
Note:Engine damage can occur if waterenters the air filter.
Before driving through standing water,check the depth. Never drive through waterthat is higher than the bottom of the wheelhubs.
When driving through standing water, drivevery slowly and do not stop your vehicle.Your brake performance and traction maybe limited. After driving through water andas soon as it is safe to do so:
•Lightly press the brake pedal to dry thebrakes and to check that they work.
•Check that the horn works.
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Protected ComponentRatingItem
Heated oxygen sensors.
Powertrain control module relay.-9
Auxiliary power point 1 - instrument panel.20 A110
Ignition coils.15 A311
A/C control drive.15 A312Transaxle warmer.Auxiliary water pump.Aspirator valve control.Fan clutch.Oil pump.Turbo bypass.
Not used.-13
Not used.-14
Run/start relay.-15
Auxiliary power point 2 - instrument panel.20 A116
Auxiliary power point - rear cargo area.20 A117
Not used.-18
Electric power assist steering.10 A219
Not used.-20
Transmission run/start relay.5 A221
A/C compressor.10 A222
Voltage quality module.5 A223
Not used.-24
Anti-lock brake system.10 A325
Not used (spare).10 A326
Not used.-27
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Protected ComponentRatingItem
Powertrain control module.10 A228
USB charge port.7.5 A229
Not used.-30
Not used.-31
Fuel pump relay.-32
A/C clutch relay.-33
Trailer reverse lamp.10 A234
Not used.-35
Not used.-36
Heated exterior mirror.10 A237
Trailer right-hand turn and stop lamp relay.-38
Trailer left-hand turn and stop lamp relay.-39
Trailer reverse lamp relay.-40
Horn relay.-41
Four wheel drive motor no. 2 relay.-42
Not used.-43
Not used.-44
Not used.-45
Not used (spare).10 A346
Brake pedal switch.10 A347
Horn.20 A248
Transmission control module oil pump.15 A249
Not used (spare).10 A250
Not used.-51
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Protected ComponentRatingItem
Trailer left-hand turn and stop lamp.15 A156
Not used.-57
Not used.-58
Not used.-59
Fuel pump control module.30 A260
Not used.-61
Body control module 1 - lighting.50 A262
Trailer right-hand turn and stop lamp.15 A163
Trailer brakes.30 A164
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Protected ComponentRatingItem
Heated driver seat.20 A165
Four-wheel drive.25 A166
Body control module 2 - lighting.50 A267
Rear window defroster.30 A168
Anti-lock brake system valves.30 A169
Passenger power seat.30 A170
Trailer park lamps.25 A271
Not used.-72
Trailer module.30 A173
Driver power seat.30 A174
Not used.-75
Not used.-76
Not used.-77
Not used.-78
Blower motor.40 A279
Heated passenger seat.20 A180
Inverter.40 A181
Anti-lock brake system pump.60 A282
Windshield wiper motor.30 A183
Starter motor solenoid.30 A184
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GENERAL INFORMATION
Have your vehicle serviced regularly to helpmaintain its roadworthiness and resalevalue. There is a large network ofauthorized dealers that are there to helpyou with their professional servicingexpertise. We believe that their speciallytrained technicians are best qualified toservice your vehicle properly and expertly.They are supported by a wide range ofhighly specialized tools developedspecifically for servicing your vehicle.
If your vehicle requires professional service,an authorized dealer can provide thenecessary parts and service. Check yourwarranty information to find out whichparts and services are covered.
Use only recommended fuels, lubricants,fluids and service parts conforming tospecifications. Motorcraft® parts aredesigned and built to provide the bestperformance in your vehicle.
Precautions
•Do not work on a hot engine.
•Make sure that nothing gets caught inmoving parts.
•Do not work on a vehicle with theengine running in an enclosed space,unless you are sure you have enoughventilation.
•Keep all open flames and other burningmaterial (such as cigarettes) awayfrom the battery and all fuel relatedparts.
Working with the Engine Off
1.Set the parking brake and shift thetransmission to park (P).
2.Switch off the engine.
3.Block the wheels.
Working with the Engine On
WARNING: To reduce the risk ofvehicle damage and personal burninjuries, do not start your engine with theair cleaner removed and do not removeit while the engine is running.
WARNING: Switch the ignition offand apply the parking brake.
WARNING: Do not touch theelectronic ignition system parts after youhave switched the ignition on or whenthe engine is running. The systemoperates at high voltage. Failure toadhere to this warning could result inserious personal injury or death.
WARNING: Keep your hands andclothing clear of the engine cooling fan.
1.Set the parking brake and shift thetransmission to park (P).
2.Block the wheels.
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UNDER HOOD OVERVIEW
Engine coolant reservoir. See Engine Coolant Check (page 269).A
Engine oil dipstick. See Engine Oil Dipstick (page 266).B
Engine oil filler cap. See Engine Oil Check (page 266).C
Brake fluid reservoir. See Brake Fluid Check (page 273).D
Engine compartment fuse box. See Changing a Fuse (page 261).E
Battery. See Changing the 12V Battery (page 275).F
Windshield washer fluid reservoir. See Washer Fluid Check (page 277).G
Air filter assembly. See Changing the Engine Air Filter (page 267).H
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ENGINE OIL DIPSTICK
Minimum.A
Nominal.B
Maximum.C
ENGINE OIL CHECK
To check the engine oil level consistentlyand accurately, do the following:
1.Make sure the parking brake is on. Makesure the transmission is in park (P) orneutral (N).
2.Run the engine until it reaches normaloperating temperature.
3.Make sure that your vehicle is on levelground.
4.Switch the engine off and wait 15minutes for the oil to drain into the oilpan. Checking the engine oil level toosoon could result in an inaccuratereading.
5.Open the hood. See Opening andClosing the Hood (page 264).
6.Remove the dipstick and wipe it witha clean, lint-free cloth. See UnderHood Overview (page 265).
7.Reinstall the dipstick and remove itagain to check the oil level. SeeEngine Oil Dipstick (page 266).
8.Make sure that the oil level is betweenthe maximum and minimum marks. Ifthe oil level is at the minimum mark,add oil immediately.
9.If the oil level is correct, replace thedipstick and make sure it is fully seated.
Note:Do not remove the dipstick when theengine is running.
Note: If the oil level is between themaximum and minimum marks, the oil levelis acceptable. Do not add oil.
Note:The oil consumption of new enginesreaches its normal level after approximately3,000 mi (5,000 km).
Note:If oil levels are continuously notedabove the maximum mark, contact yourauthorized dealer.
Note:Increases in oil level can occur fromfrequent short trips that do not allow theengine to get to operating temperature aswell as frequent idling and low speed drivingfor long periods of time.
Adding Engine Oil
WARNING: Do not add engine oilwhen the engine is hot. Failure to followthis instruction could result in personalinjury.
WARNING: Do not remove the fillercap when the engine is running.
Do not use supplemental engine oiladditives because they are unnecessaryand could lead to engine damage that maynot be covered by the vehicle Warranty.
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Dispose of used engine coolant in anappropriate manner. Follow yourcommunity's regulations and standardsfor recycling and disposing of automotivefluids.
Severe Climates
If you drive in extremely cold climates:
•It may be necessary to increase thecoolant concentration above 50%.
•A coolant concentration of 60%provides improved freeze pointprotection. Coolant concentrationsabove 60% decrease the overheatprotection characteristics of thecoolant and may cause enginedamage.
If you drive in extremely hot climates:
•You can decrease the coolantconcentration to 40%.
•Coolant concentrations below 40%decrease the freeze and corrosionprotection characteristics of thecoolant and may cause enginedamage.
Vehicles driven year-round in non-extremeclimates should use prediluted coolant foroptimum cooling system and engineprotection.
Coolant Change
At specific mileage intervals, as listed inthe scheduled maintenance information,the coolant should be changed. Addprediluted coolant approved to the correctspecification. See Capacities andSpecifications (page 325).
Fail-Safe Cooling
Fail-safe cooling allows you to temporarilydrive your vehicle before any incrementalcomponent damage occurs. The fail-safedistance depends on ambienttemperature, vehicle load and terrain.
How Fail-Safe Cooling Works
If the engine begins to overheat,the coolant temperature gaugemoves toward the red zone:
A warning lamp illuminates anda message may appear in theinformation display.
If the engine reaches a presetover-temperature condition, the engineautomatically switches to alternatingcylinder operation. Each disabled cylinderacts as an air pump and cools the engine.
When this occurs, your vehicle stilloperates, however:
•Engine power is limited.
•The air conditioning system turns off.
Continued operation increases the enginetemperature, causing the engine tocompletely shut down. Your steering andbraking effort increases in this situation.
When the engine temperature cools, youcan re-start the engine. Have your vehiclechecked as soon as possible to minimizeengine damage.
When Fail-Safe Mode Is Activated
WARNING: Fail-safe mode is foruse during emergencies only. Operateyour vehicle in fail-safe mode only aslong as necessary to bring your vehicleto rest in a safe location and seekimmediate repairs. When in fail-safemode, your vehicle will have limitedpower, will not be able to maintainhigh-speed operation, and maycompletely shut down without warning,potentially losing engine power, powersteering assist, and power brake assist,which may increase the possibility of acrash resulting in serious injury.
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