wheel torque FORD RANGER 2023 Owners Manual

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The four-wheel drive system in your vehicleis a part-time system activated using therotary switch mounted in the centerconsole. In normal rear-wheel drive, the 2Hdrive operation system directs torque tothe rear axle. Moving the switch to 4H or4L directs drive torque to both the frontand rear axles, providing four-wheel drive.
Depending on your vehicle, furtherfour-wheel drive options may be availableon the switch panel located on the centerconsole.
USING FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
Note:There is additional importantinformation regarding the safe operation ofthis type of vehicle in this manual. SeeGeneral Information (page 292).
Note:Do not use 4H or 4L modes on dry,hard surfaced roads. Doing so can produceexcessive noise, increase tire wear and coulddamage drive components. We intend 4Hor 4L modes only for consistently slipperyor loose surfaces. Use of 4L mode on thesesurfaces could produce some noise, suchas occasional clunks, but should notdamage drive components.
Note: When you select 4L when yourvehicle is moving, it does not perform a shiftuntil your vehicle is stationary. This is normaland is no reason for concern.
Note:You can switch on and switch off theelectronic locking differential by pressingthe locking differential button. SeeElectronic Locking Differential (page 173).
4WD Indicator Lights
Note:When a 4X4 system fault is present,the system typically remains in whichever4X4 mode you selected prior to the faultcondition occurring. It should never defaultto 4X2. When the warning displays, haveyour vehicle serviced by an authorizeddealer.
4X4 HIGH
Continuously illuminates whenyou select 4H.
4X4 LOW
Continuously illuminates whenyou select 4L.
CHECK 4X4
Displays when a 4X4 fault ispresent.
Using the Electronic Shift on theFly 4WD system
2H (4X2)
For general on-road driving, this modeprovides optimal smoothness and fueleconomy. Sends power to the rear wheelsonly.
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Note:2H may engage or disengage basedon terrain mode selection. See Principle ofOperation (page 165).
4H (4X4 HIGH)
Provides mechanically locked four-wheeldrive power to both the front and rearwheels for use in off-road or winterconditions such as deep snow, sand ormud. This mode is not for use on drypavement.
Note:4H may engage or disengage basedon terrain mode selection. See Principle ofOperation (page 165).
4L (4X4 LOW)
Provides mechanically locked four-wheeldrive power to both the front and rearwheels with additional gearing forincreased torque multiplication. Intendedonly for off-road applications such as deepsand, steep slopes, or pulling heavyobjects.
Note:4L may engage or disengage basedon terrain mode selection. See Principle ofOperation (page 165).
Shifting Between 4WD System Modes
Note:Momentarily releasing the acceleratorpedal when performing a shift aids theperformance of engagement ordisengagement.
Note:Do not perform this operation if therear wheels are slipping, or when applyingthe accelerator pedal.
Note:It is normal to hear some noise as thesystem shifts or engages.
You can move the control between 2H to4H at a stop or when driving up to 68 mph(110 km/h). The information display maydisplay a message indicating a 4X4 shiftand the LED for the selected mode flashes.Once the shift is complete, the LED lightfor the selected mode remains illuminated.
Shifting To or From 4L (4X4 Low)
Note:It is normal to hear some noise as thesystem shifts or engages.
1.Stop your vehicle when it is safe to doso.
2.Place the transmission in neutral (N).
3.Move the transfer shift switch to thedesired position.
The information display displays amessage indicating a 4X4 shift is inprogress followed by the system modeselected. If any of the above shiftconditions are not present, the shift doesnot occur and the information displayshows information guiding you through theproper shifting procedures.
How Your Vehicle Differs FromOther Vehicles
WARNING: Vehicles with a highercenter of gravity (utility and four-wheeldrive vehicles) handle differently thanvehicles with a lower center of gravity(passenger cars). Avoid sharp turns,excessive speed and abrupt steering inthese vehicles. Failure to drive cautiouslyincreases the risk of losing control of yourvehicle, vehicle rollover, personal injuryand death.
Truck and utility vehicles can differ fromsome other vehicles. Your vehicle may behigher to allow it to travel over roughterrain without getting hung up ordamaging underbody components.
The differences that make your vehicle soversatile also make it handle differentlythan an ordinary passenger car.
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speed. Avoid abrupt steering, accelerationand braking. This could result in anincreased risk of vehicle roll over, loss ofvehicle control and personal injury. Use theavailable road surface to bring your vehicleto a safe direction of travel.
In the event of an emergency stop, avoidskidding the tires and do not attempt anysharp steering wheel movements.
If your vehicle goes from one type ofsurface to another, such as concrete togravel, there can be a change in the wayyour vehicle responds to a maneuver usingsteering, acceleration or braking.
Operating Four-Wheel Drive with aSpare or Mismatched Tires
On four-wheel drive vehicles, the size ofthe spare tire can affect the four-wheeldrive system. If there is a significantdifference between the size of the sparetire and the remaining tires, you could havelimited four-wheel drive functionality,added noise, discomfort and drivelinedamage. Due to normal tire wear, yourspare tire is not necessarily the same sizeas your on-road tires, which makes yourspare tire a dissimilar size. Use the sparetire on a limited basis only. When drivingwith a dissimilar wheel and tire assemblydo not:
•Exceed 50 mph (80 km/h) with afour-wheel drive mode turned on.
•Turn on a four-wheel drive modeunless the vehicle is stationary.
•Use a four-wheel drive mode on drypavement.
Driving with the full-size dissimilar sparewheel and tire assembly can limitfour-wheel drive functionality, especiallywhen driving in a mechanically lockedfour-wheel drive mode. You can experiencethe following:
•Additional noise from the transfer caseor other drive components.
•Difficulty shifting out of a mechanicallylocked four-wheel drive mode.
•Driveline component damage.
Mechanical Shift Blocking
On vehicles with an electronicshift-on-the-fly transfer case, the transfercase distributes torque to the front wheelsby mechanically interlocking the front andrear driveshafts together. Various externalfactors can affect shifting performance ofthis type of system including, but notlimited to:
•Vehicle acceleration.
•Dissimilar tire sizes.
•High steering input.
For vehicles with an electronicshift-on-the-fly transfer case, whenshifting into two-wheel drive high on dry,hard surfaced roads, we recommend thatthe following procedure is followed toreduce the likelihood of a mechanical shiftblock:
•While driving straight, come to a stopon a flat, horizontal surface.
•Shift into park (P).
•Select 2H and wait for the 2H LED tobecome solid.
•Shift into reverse (R) and let the vehicleroll backward up to 5 ft (1 m).
•Shift into drive (D) and let the vehicleroll forward up to 5 ft (1 m).
•Driving the vehicle around a tight turnat a slow speed.
If the system is mechanically blocked, oneor more of the following actions can relievethe mechanical shift block:
•Momentary acceleration.
•Momentary braking.
•Bringing the vehicle to a stop.
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ELECTRONIC LOCKING
DIFFERENTIAL (IF EQUIPPED)
Note:Do not operate the system on dryhard surface roads. Doing so could lead toexcessive tire noise and wear. Use thesystem only on consistently slippery or loosesurfaces.
The system locks the left and right portionsof the rear axle together to form a soliddriving axle, resulting in increased rearwheel traction in certain conditions.
Press and hold the electronic differentiallock button for 2 seconds to activate thesystem.
Note:The lock button is on the centerconsole.
Note:Do not perform this operation whencruise control or trail control are selectedand active. The system may not engage asexpected.
The electronic differential lock can lockand unlock when the internal gears arealigned and no torque load is placed onthe differential. To aid alignment, drive thevehicle in a straight line with theaccelerator pedal released. Alternatively,drive slowly forward and backward whilemoving the steering wheel from side to sideto allow the electronic differential lock tolock.
High vehicle speed and high acceleratorpedal application inhibit the electroniclocking differential system engagement.Follow the instruction on the instrumentcluster for engagement anddisengagement.
Note:You can use the system in any drivemode 2H, 4H or 4L.
Note:When you engage the system, theElectronic Stability Program (ESP) functionssuch as Stability Control, Traction Control,Hill Descent Control, Emergency stop signal,Hill Start Assist and Trailer Sway Controlare deactivated, the ESP Off indicatorilluminates, and the HDC on indicator turnsoff.
Note:When the anti-lock braking systemis operating, the system disengages.
The electronic locking differential systemcan affect various terrain modes. SeePrinciple of Operation (page 182).
Operating Electronic LockingDifferential with Spare orMismatched Tires
The size of the spare tire can affect theperformance of the electronic lockingdifferential system. When there is asignificant size difference between the tworear tires, you could have limited electroniclocking differential functionality. If yourelectronic locking differential has difficultydisengaging, release your accelerator pedaland turn the steering wheel in the oppositedirection while rolling forward.
Note:We recommend that you engage anddisengage the electronic locking differentialwhen stopped, and a spare tire is mountedon the rear axle.
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Note: If the system activates, the brakepedal could pulse and may travel further.Maintain pressure on the brake pedal. Youmay also hear a noise from the system. Thisis normal.
PARKING BRAKE
WARNING: Always fully apply theparking brake and make sure you shiftinto park (P). Switch the ignition off andremove the key whenever you leave yourvehicle.
To apply the parking brake:
1.Firmly press the brake pedal.
2.Pull the parking brake lever upward toits fullest extent.
Note:Do not press the release button whenpulling the parking brake lever upward.
Note:If you park your vehicle on a hill andfacing uphill, shift into park (P) and turn thesteering wheel away from the curb.
Note:If you park your vehicle on a hill andfacing downhill, shift into park (P) and turnthe steering wheel toward the curb.
To release the parking brake:
1.Firmly press the brake pedal.
2.Slightly pull the parking brake leverupward.
3.Press the release button and push theparking brake lever downward.
HILL START ASSIST
WARNING: The system does notreplace the parking brake. When youleave your vehicle, always apply theparking brake.
WARNING: You must remain inyour vehicle when the system turns on.At all times, you are responsible forcontrolling your vehicle, supervising thesystem and intervening, if required.Failure to take care may result in the lossof control of your vehicle, seriouspersonal injury or death.
WARNING: The system will turnoff if a malfunction is apparent or if yourev the engine excessively. Failure to takecare may result in the loss of control ofyour vehicle, serious personal injury ordeath.
The system makes it easier to pull awaywhen your vehicle is on a slope without theneed to use the parking brake.
When the system is active, your vehicleremains stationary on the slope for two tothree seconds after you release the brakepedal. This allows time to move your footfrom the brake to the accelerator pedal.The system releases the brakesautomatically once the engine hasdeveloped sufficient torque to prevent yourvehicle from rolling down the slope. Thisis an advantage when pulling away on aslope, for example from a car park ramp,traffic lights or when reversing uphill intoa parking space.
The system activates on any slope thatcauses your vehicle to roll.
Note:There is no warning light to indicatethe system is either on or off.
Using Hill Start Assist
1.Press the brake pedal to bring yourvehicle to a complete standstill. Keepthe brake pedal pressed and shift intofirst gear when facing uphill or reverse(R) when facing downhill.
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•Always attempt to climb a steep hillalong the fall line of the slope and notdiagonally.
•If the vehicle is unable to make it upthe hill, DO NOT attempt to turn backdown the slope. Place the vehicle inlow range and slowly back down inreverse.
•When descending a steep slope, selectlow gear and activate hill descentcontrol. Use the throttle and brakepedals to control your descent speedas described earlier in this section usinghill descent control. Hill descent controlis functional in reverse (R) and shouldbe used in this situation.
After Off-Road Driving
It is important to complete a full vehicleinspection after off-road driving. Someitems to check include:
•Check the wheels and undercarriagefor a buildup of mud or debris, whichcan cause vehicle vibration.
•Make sure that the grille and radiatorare clear of any obstructions that mayaffect cooling.
•Make sure that the brakes are in properworking order and free of any mud,stones and debris, which can becometrapped around the brake rotor,backing plate and caliper.
•Check that the air filter is clean and dry.
•Inspect for torn or punctured boots onball joints, half shafts, steering gears.
•Inspect exhaust system for damage orlooseness.
•Inspect undercarriage fasteners. If anyare loose or damaged, tighten orreplace and make sure that you use theproper torque specification.
•Inspect the wheels for dents, cracks,or other damage.
•Clear any debris from the exhaustcomponents. For example, grass or hay.
DRIVING THROUGH WATER
WARNING: Do not drive throughflowing or deep water as you may losecontrol of your vehicle.
Note:Driving through standing water cancause vehicle damage.
Note:Engine damage can occur if waterenters the air filter.
Before driving through standing water,check the depth. Never drive through waterthat is higher than the bottom of the wheelhubs.
When driving through standing water, drivevery slowly and do not stop your vehicle.Your brake performance and traction maybe limited. After driving through water andas soon as it is safe to do so:
•Lightly press the brake pedal to dry thebrakes and to check that they work.
•Check that the horn works.
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WARNING: No person should placeany portion of their body under a vehiclethat is supported by a jack.
WARNING: The jack supplied withthis vehicle is only intended for changingwheels. Do not use the vehicle jack otherthan when you are changing a wheel inan emergency.
WARNING: The jack should beused on level firm ground whereverpossible.
WARNING: Check that the vehiclejack is not damaged or deformed andthe thread is lubricated and clean.
WARNING: Never place anythingbetween the vehicle jack and the ground.
WARNING: Never place anythingbetween the vehicle jack and yourvehicle.
WARNING: It is recommended thatthe wheels of the vehicle be chocked,and that no person should remain in avehicle that is being jacked.
Park on a level surface, activate the hazardflashers and set the parking brake. Then,place the transmission in park (P) and turnthe engine off.
Note:Only use the spare tire carrier to stowthe tire and wheel combination providedwith your vehicle. Other tire and wheelcombinations will cause the tire carrier tofail.
Note:Do not use impact tools or powertools on the spare tire carrier, as this couldcause a winch malfunction and prevent asecure fit. The spare tire carrier tighteningtorque should be 29.50 lb.ft (40 Nm) +/-4.43 lb.ft (6 Nm).
Note:When jacking the vehicle passengersshould not be in the vehicle.
Vehicle Jack
WARNING: Ensure screwthread isadequately lubricated before use.
WARNING: The jack should beused on level firm ground whereverpossible.
WARNING: Switch the ignition offand apply the park brake fully beforelifting vehicle.
WARNING: It is recommended thatthe wheels of the vehicle be chocked,and that no person should remain in avehicle that is being jacked.
WARNING: No person should placeany portion of their body under a vehiclethat is supported by a jack.
WARNING: Do not get under avehicle that is supported by a jack.
WARNING: The jack supplied withthis vehicle is only intended for changingwheels. Do not use the vehicle jack otherthan when you are changing a wheel inan emergency.
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2.Install the wheel nuts finger tight.
3.Install the locking wheel nut key.
4.Partially tighten the wheel nuts in thesequence shown.
5.Lower the vehicle and remove the jack.
6.Fully tighten the wheel nuts in thesequence shown. See TechnicalSpecifications (page 324).
7.Make sure that the projection of thecap is positioned on the same positionas the projection of the hub.
Note:Make sure the wheel and hub contactsurfaces are free from foreign matter.
Note:Make sure that the cones on thewheel nuts are against the wheel.
Note:If the spare wheel is different in sizeor construction to the road wheels, replaceit as soon as possible.
Stowing the Flat Tire
1.Place the wheel flat on the ground,with the outer face of the wheel facingup.
2.Tilt the bracket, and pass it through thecenter of the wheel.
3.Fully insert the jack handle into theguide hole and turn the jack handleclockwise until the tire raises to itsstowed position underneath yourvehicle and is securely seated. Thespare tire carrier tightening torqueshould be 29.50 lb.ft (40 Nm) +/-4.43 lb.ft (6 Nm).
4.Stow the wheel brace, jack, and jackhandle away.
Note:Do not use impact tools or powertools on the spare tire carrier, as this couldcause a winch malfunction and prevent asecure fit.
Stowing the Vehicle Jack and ToolKit - SuperCab
1.Before bringing the jack back into thevehicle, rotate the lead screw of thejack counterclockwise to collapse thejack height. Do not fully tighten.
2.Install the tool kit in the bin.
3.Place the jack on the foam block andpull the top of the jack up, to align thejack load rest hole with the hole of thefloor bracket.
4.Insert the wing bolt and tighten thewing bolt by hand.
5.Install the cover.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Wheel Lug Nut Torque Specifications
WARNING: When you install a wheel, always remove any corrosion, dirt or foreignmaterials present on the mounting surfaces of the wheel or the surface of the wheelhub, brake drum or brake disc that contacts the wheel. Make sure to secure any fastenersthat attach the rotor to the hub so they do not interfere with the mounting surfaces ofthe wheel. Installing wheels without correct metal-to-metal contact at the wheelmounting surfaces can cause the wheel nuts to loosen and the wheel to come off whileyour vehicle is in motion, resulting in loss of vehicle control, personal injury or death.
lb.ft (Nm)1Bolt Size
100 lb.ft (135 Nm)M12 x 1.5
1 Torque specifications are for nut and bolt threads free of dirt and rust. Use only ourrecommended replacement fasteners.
Retighten the lug nuts to the specified torque within 100 miles (160 kilometers) after anywheel disturbance, such as tire rotation, changing a flat tire or wheel removal.
Wheel pilot bore.A
Inspect the wheel pilot hole andmounting surface prior to installation.Remove any visible corrosion or looseparticles.
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