airbag GMC CANYON 2022 Owner's Guide

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Driving and Operating 185
{Warning
Turning off the vehicle while moving may
cause loss of power assist in the brake
and steering systems and disable the
airbags. While driving, turn off the
vehicle only in an emergency.
In an emergency, if the vehicle cannot be
pulled over and must be turned off while
driving: 1. Push the key all the way in toward the steering column, then turn the key to
ACC/ACCESSORY.
2. Brake using firm and steady pressure. Do not pump the brakes repeatedly. This
may deplete power assist, requiring
increased brake pedal force.
3. Shift the vehicle to N (Neutral). This can be done while the vehicle is moving.
Continue braking and steer the vehicle to
a safe location.
4. Come to a complete stop.
5. Shift to P (Park).
6. Push the key all the way in toward the steering column (1), then turn the
ignition to LOCK/OFF (2). 7. Set the parking brake. See
Parking Brake
0 200.
8. Remove the key.
9. Release the brake pedal.
Caution
Use the correct key, make sure it is all
the way in —or pushed all the way in
toward the steering column when turning
off the vehicle —and turn it only with
your hand.
1 (ACC/ACCESSORY) : This position allows
features such as the infotainment system to
operate while the vehicle is off. It also
unlocks the steering column, if equipped
with a locking steering column. Use this
position if the vehicle must be pushed or
towed. See Retained Accessory Power (RAP)
0 187.
From ON/RUN, push the key all the way in
toward the steering column, then turn the
key to ACC/ACCESSORY.
If the key is left in ACC/ACCESSORY with the
engine off, the battery could drain and the
vehicle may not start. A warning chime will sound when the driver
door is opened and the key is in the
ignition.
2 (ON/RUN) :
This position can be used to
operate the electrical accessories and to
display some instrument cluster warning
and indicator lights. This position can also
be used for service and diagnostics, and to
verify the proper operation of the
malfunction indicator lamp as may be
required for emission inspection purposes.
The switch stays in this position when the
engine is running. The transmission is also
unlocked in this position.
If the key is left in ON/RUN with the engine
off, the battery could drain and the vehicle
may not start.
3 (START) : This is the position that starts
the engine. When the engine starts, release
the key. The ignition returns to ON/RUN for
driving.
Starting the Engine
If the vehicle has a diesel engine, see the
Duramax diesel supplement.

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Driving and Operating 231
Caution
Some electrical equipment can damage
the vehicle or cause components to not
work and would not be covered by the
vehicle warranty. Always check with your
dealer before adding electrical equipment.
Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle's
12-volt battery, even if the vehicle is not
operating.
The vehicle has an airbag system. Before
attempting to add anything electrical to the
vehicle, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped
Vehicle 042 and
Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped
Vehicle 043.

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Vehicle Care 233
General Information
For service and parts needs, visit your
dealer. You will receive genuine GM parts
and GM-trained and supported service
people.
Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:
California Perchlorate Materials
Requirements
Certain types of automotive applications,
such as airbag initiators, seat belt
pretensioners, and lithium batteries
contained in electronic keys, may containperchlorate materials. Perchlorate Material
–
special handling may apply. See
www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/
perchlorate.
Accessories and Modifications
Adding non-dealer accessories or making
modifications to the vehicle can affect
vehicle performance and safety, including
such things as airbags, braking, stability,
ride and handling, emissions systems,
aerodynamics, durability, and electronic
systems like antilock brakes, traction control,
and stability control. These accessories or
modifications could even cause malfunction
or damage not covered by the vehicle
warranty.
Damage to suspension components caused
by modifying vehicle height outside of
factory settings will not be covered by the
vehicle warranty.
Damage to vehicle components resulting
from modifications or the installation or use
of non-GM certified parts, including control
module or software modifications, is not
covered under the terms of the vehicle
warranty and may affect remaining
warranty coverage for affected parts. GM Accessories are designed to complement
and function with other systems on the
vehicle. See your dealer to accessorize the
vehicle using genuine GM Accessories
installed by a dealer technician.
Also, see
Adding Equipment to the
Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 043.
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your Own Service Work
{Warning
It can be dangerous to work on your
vehicle if you do not have the proper
knowledge, service manual, tools,
or parts. Always follow owner’s manual
procedures and consult the service
manual for your vehicle before doing any
service work.
If doing some of your own service work, use
the proper service manual. It tells you much
more about how to service the vehicle than
this manual can. To order the proper service
manual, see Publication Ordering
Information 0335.

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
234 Vehicle Care
This vehicle has an airbag system. Before
attempting to do your own service work,
seeServicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle
0 42.
Keep a record with all parts receipts and list
the mileage and the date of any service
work performed. See Maintenance Records
0 323.
Caution
Even small amounts of contamination can
cause damage to vehicle systems. Do not
allow contaminants to contact the fluids,
reservoir caps, or dipsticks.
Hood
{Warning
Turn the vehicle off before opening the
hood. If the engine is running with the
hood open, you or others could be
injured.
{Warning
Components under the hood can get hot
from running the engine. To help avoid
the risk of burning unprotected skin,
never touch these components until they
have cooled, and always use a glove or
towel to avoid direct skin contact.
Clear any snow from the hood before
opening.
To open the hood: 1. Pull the hood release lever with the
isymbol. It is on the lower left side
of the instrument panel.
2. Go to the front of the vehicle and locate the secondary release lever under the
front center of the hood. Push the
secondary hood release lever to the right
to release.
3. After you have partially lifted the hood, the gas strut system will automatically
lift the hood and hold it in the fully
open position.
To close the hood: 1. Before closing the hood, be sure all filler caps are on properly, and all tools are
removed.
2. Pull the hood down until the strut system is no longer holding up the hood.
3. Allow the hood to fall. Check to make sure the hood is latched completely.
Repeat this process with additional force
if necessary.
{Warning
Do not drive the vehicle if the hood is
not latched completely. The hood could
open fully, block your vision, and cause a
crash. You or others could be injured.
Always close the hood completely before
driving.

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Vehicle Care 265
The vehicle may not be equipped with all of
the fuses, relays, and features shown.Fuses Usage
F1 BCM 1 –Body Control
Module 1 –Indicator
Dimming Control, Retained
Accessory Power (RAP)
Relay Coil Control, Rear
License Lamp Supply
Voltage, Windshield
Washer Relay Control, Run/
Crank Relay Coil Control,
Cruise/Electronic Torque
Control/Torque Converter
Clutch Brake Signal, Run
Ignition 3 Voltage
F2 –
F3 –
F4 STR/WHL/CNTL –Steering
Wheel Controls Fuses
Usage
F5 –
BCM 2–Body Control
Module 2 –Interior Lamp
Control, Accessory
Voltage (1), Backup Lamp
Relay Control, Park Lock
Solenoid Control, Trailer
Brake Apply Signal
F6 –
F7 –
F8 MIR WNDW MDL –Mirror
Window Module
F9 I/P CLUSTER –Instrument
Panel Cluster
F10 –
F11 BCM 8 –Body Control
Module 8 –Door Lock
Actuator Lock Control 2,
Door Lock Control (2), Door
Lock Actuator Unlock
Control
F12 –
F13 OnStar/HVAC Fuses
Usage
F14 RDO/INFOTMNT –Radio/
Infotainment
F15 BCM 6 –Body Control
Module 6 –LED Backlight
Dimming Control, Interior
Lamps, Lights Exterior
Reverse/Backup Lamps
Direct Drive, Stop Lamp
Relay Coil Supply Voltage
F16 CGM –Communication
Gateway Module
F17 BCM 4 –Body Control
Module 4 –Left Headlamp
Low Beam Supply Voltage,
Right Park Lamp Supply
Voltage, Left Rear Stop
Lamp Supply Voltage, Right
Rear Park Lamp Supply
Voltage
F18 AIRBAG/SDM/AOS MDL –
Airbag/Sensing and
Diagnostic Module/
Automatic Occupant
Sensing Module
F19 –

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
280 Vehicle Care
{Warning
Tires could explode during improper
service. Attempting to mount or
dismount a tire could cause injury or
death. Only your dealer or authorized
tire service center should mount or
dismount the tires.
{Warning
Mixing tires of different sizes (other
than those originally installed on the
vehicle), brands, tread patterns,
or types may cause loss of vehicle
control, resulting in a crash or other
vehicle damage. Use the correct size,
brand, and type of tire on all wheels.
{Warning
Using bias-ply tires on the vehicle
may cause the wheel rim flanges to
develop cracks after many miles of
driving. A tire and/or wheel could fail
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
suddenly and cause a crash. Use only
radial-ply tires with the wheels on
the vehicle.
Winter tires with the same speed rating
as the original equipment tires may not
be available for H, V, W, Y and ZR
speed rated tires. Never exceed the
winter tires’ maximum speed capability
when using winter tires with a lower
speed rating.
If the vehicle tires must be replaced
with a tire that does not have a TPC
Spec number, make sure they are the
same size, load range, speed rating, and
construction (radial) as the original
tires.
The Tire and Loading Information label
indicates the original equipment tires
on the vehicle. See Vehicle Load Limits
0 178.Different Size Tires and Wheels
If wheels or tires are installed that are a
different size than the original equipment
wheels and tires, vehicle performance,
including its braking, ride and handling
characteristics, stability, and resistance to
rollover may be affected. If the vehicle has
electronic systems such as antilock brakes,
rollover airbags, traction control, electronic
stability control, or All-Wheel Drive, the
performance of these systems can also be
affected.
{Warning
If different sized wheels are used, there
may not be an acceptable level of
performance and safety if tires not
recommended for those wheels are
selected. This increases the chance of a
crash and serious injury. Only use GM
specific wheel and tire systems developed
for the vehicle, and have them properly
installed by a GM certified technician.
See Buying New Tires 0279 and
Accessories and Modifications 0233.

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Customer Information 335
If the vehicle is leased, the leasing company
may require you to have insurance that
ensures repairs with Genuine GM Original
Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) parts or
Genuine Manufacturer replacement parts.
Read the lease carefully, as you may be
charged at the end of the lease for poor
quality repairs.
If a Crash Occurs
If there has been an injury, call emergency
services for help. Do not leave the scene of
a crash until all matters have been taken
care of. Move the vehicle only if its position
puts you in danger, or you are instructed to
move it by a police officer.
Give only the necessary information to
police and other parties involved in the
crash.
For emergency towing seeRoadside
Assistance Program 0331.
Gather the following information:
.Driver name, address, and telephone
number
.Driver license number
.Owner name, address, and telephone
number
.Vehicle license plate number
.Vehicle make, model, and model year
.Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
.Insurance company and policy number
.General description of the damage to the
other vehicle
Choose a reputable repair facility that uses
quality replacement parts. See “Collision
Parts” earlier in this section.
If the airbag has inflated, see What Will You
See after an Airbag Inflates? 038.
Managing the Vehicle Damage Repair
Process
In the event that the vehicle requires
damage repairs, GM recommends that you
take an active role in its repair. If you have
a pre-determined repair facility of choice,
take the vehicle there, or have it towed
there. Specify to the facility that any
required replacement collision parts be
original equipment parts, either new
Genuine GM parts or recycled original GM
parts. Remember, recycled parts will not be
covered by the GM vehicle warranty.
Insurance pays the bill for the repair, but
you must live with the repair. Depending on
your policy limits, your insurance company
may initially value the repair using aftermarket parts. Discuss this with the
repair professional, and insist on Genuine
GM parts. Remember, if the vehicle is
leased, you may be obligated to have the
vehicle repaired with Genuine GM parts,
even if your insurance coverage does not
pay the full cost.
If another party's insurance company is
paying for the repairs, you are not obligated
to accept a repair valuation based on that
insurance company's collision policy repair
limits, as you have no contractual limits
with that company. In such cases, you can
have control of the repair and parts choices
as long as the cost stays within reasonable
limits.
Publication Ordering Information
Service Manuals
Service manuals have the diagnosis and
repair information on the engine,
transmission, axle, suspension, brakes,
electrical system, steering system, body, etc.

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Customer Information 337
To contact NHTSA, you may call the
Vehicle Safety Hotline toll-free at
1-888-327-4236 (TTY: 1-800-424-9153); go
to
https://www.safercar.gov;or write to:
Administrator, NHTSA
1200 New Jersey Avenue, S.E.
Washington, D.C. 20590
You can also obtain other information
about motor vehicle safety from
https://www.safercar.gov.
Reporting Safety Defects to the
Canadian Government
If you live in Canada, and you believe
that the vehicle has a safety defect,
notify Transport Canada immediately,
and notify General Motors of Canada
Company. Call Transport Canada at
1-800-333-0510; go to:
www.tc.gc.ca/recalls (English)
www.tc.gc.ca/rappels (French) or write to:
Transport Canada
Motor Vehicle Safety Directorate
Defect Investigations and Recalls
Division
80 Noel Street
Gatineau
,QC J8Z 0A1
Reporting Safety Defects to
General Motors
In addition to notifying NHTSA (or Transport
Canada) in a situation like this, notify
General Motors.
In the U.S., call 1-800-462-8782, or write:
GMC Customer Assistance Center
P.O. Box 33172
Detroit, MI 48232-5172
In Canada, call 1-800-263-3777 (English) or
1-800-263-7854 (French), or write:
General Motors of Canada Company
Customer Care Centre, Mail Code:
CA1-163-005
1908 Colonel Sam Drive
Oshawa, Ontario L1H 8P7In Mexico, call 800-466-0812 or
800-466-0801.
In other Central America and Caribbean
Countries, call 52-555-901-2369.
Vehicle Data Recording and
Privacy
The vehicle has a number of computers that
record information about the vehicle’s
performance and how it is driven or used.
For example, the vehicle uses computer
modules to monitor and control engine and
transmission performance, to monitor the
conditions for airbag deployment and
deploy them in a crash, and, if equipped, to
provide antilock braking to help the driver
control the vehicle. These modules may
store data to help the dealer technician
service the vehicle or to help GM improve
safety or features. Some modules may also
store data about how the vehicle is
operated, such as rate of fuel consumption
or average speed. These modules may retain
personal preferences, such as radio presets,
seat positions, and temperature settings.

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
348 Index
IndexA
Accessories and Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Accessory Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187
Active Fuel Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Add-On Electrical Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Additional InformationOnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Additional Maintenance and Care . . . . . . . . . 317
Adjustments Lumbar, Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Agreements Trademarks and License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Air Cleaner/Filter, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241
Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162, 164
Air Filter, Passenger Compartment . . . . . . . 167
Air Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Airbag System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
How Does an Airbag Restrain? . . . . . . . . . . 38
Passenger Sensing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
What Makes an Airbag Inflate? . . . . . . . . . 37
What Will You See after an AirbagInflates? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
When Should an Airbag Inflate? . . . . . . . . 37
Where Are the Airbags? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Airbags Adding Equipment to the Vehicle . . . . . . . 43
Passenger Status Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Airbags (cont'd)
Readiness Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Servicing Airbag-Equipped Vehicles . . . . . . 42
System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Alarm Vehicle Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
All-Terrain Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
AM-FM Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Antenna
Multi-band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Antilock Brake System (ABS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Appearance Care Exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Apple CarPlay and Android Auto . . . . . . . . . 144
Assistance Program, Roadside . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Assistance Systems for Parking and Backing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Audio
Bluetooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Automatic Climate Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Emergency Braking (AEB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Headlamp System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Index 353
L
Labeling, Tire Sidewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
LampsDaytime Running (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Dome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Exterior Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Exterior Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . . . . . . . . 103
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . . . . . 108
Malfunction Indicator (CheckEngine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Lane Departure Warning (LDW) . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Lane Departure Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Lap-Shoulder Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
LATCH System
Replacing Parts after a Crash . . . . . . . . . . . 64
LATCH, Lower Anchors and Tethers for
Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Lighting Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Illumination Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Lights Airbag Readiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Antilock Brake System (ABS)Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Lights (cont'd)
Brake System Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Charging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Check Engine (Malfunction
Indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Door Ajar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Engine Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Four-Wheel-Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Front Fog Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
High-Beam On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Hill Descent Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Lane Departure Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Low Fuel Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Seat Belt Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
StabiliTrak OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Tow/Haul Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Traction Control System (TCS)/StabiliTrak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Traction Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Limited-Slip Differential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Locks Automatic Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Locks (cont'd)
Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Lockout Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Power Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children (LATCH System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Lumbar Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
M
MaintenanceRecords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Maintenance and Care Additional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Maintenance Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 Recommended Fluids andLubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Malfunction Indicator Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Manual Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Map Data Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Media Avoiding Untrusted Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119