light ISUZU AXIOM 2002 Service Owner's Guide

REAR SUSPENSION3D±31

Install the rubber bushing (Frame side) by using
Installer J±39215.
NOTE: When mounting rubber bushings, do not use
grease on bushings or any other nearby parts.
901RW061
3. Rubber bushing (Axle side)

Remove the rubber bushing (Axle side) by using
remover J±39792.
901RW062

Install the rubber bushing (Axle side) by using
installer J±39792.
901RW063
Installation
1. Install lateral rod and make sure that the lateral rod is
in its correct position.
NOTE: When mounting lateral rod, be sure not to use
grease on bushings or any other nearby part.
460RW008
Legend
(1) Frame Side
(2) Axle Side
2. Install bolt and nut (Frame side). Tighten the bolt and
nut lightly, then retighten them to the specified torque
after the vehicle is at curb height.
Torque: 137 N´m (101 lb ft)
3. Install nut and washer (Axle side). Tighten the nut
lightly, then retighten the nut to the specified torque
after the vehicle is at curb height.
Torque: 78 N´m (58 lb ft)

3E±12WHEEL AND TIRE SYSTEM
Tire
Tire Replacement
When replacement is necessary, the original metric tire
size should be used. Most metric tire sizes do not have
exact corresponding alphanumeric tire sizes. It is
recommended that new tires be installed in pairs on the
same axle. If necessary to replace only one tire, it should
be paired with tire having the most tread, to equalize
braking traction.
CAUTION: Do not mix different types of tires such
as radial, bias and bias-belted tires except in
emergencies, because vehicle handling may be
seriously affected and may result in loss of control.
Tire Dismounting
Remove valve cap on valve step and deflate the tire. Then
use a tire changing machine to mount or dismount tires.
Follow the equipment manufacturer's instruction. Do not
use hand tools or tire lever alone to change tires as they
may damage the tire beads or wheel rim.
Tire Mounting
Rim bead seats should be cleaned with a wire brush or
coarse steel wool to remove lubricants, and light rust.
Before mounting a tire, the bead area should be well
lubricated with an approved tire lubricant.
After mounting, inflate the tire to 196kPa (28 psi) so that
beads are completely seated. Inflate the air to specified
pressure and install valve cap to the stem.
WARNING: NEVER STAND OVER TIRE WHEN
INFLATING. BEAD MAY BREAK WHEN BEAD SNAPS
OVER RIM'S SAFETY HUMP AND CAUSE SERIOUS
PERSONAL INJURY.
NEVER EXCEED 240 KPA (35 PSI) PRESSURE WHEN
INFLATING. IF 240 KPA (35 PSI) PRESSURE WILL
NOT SEAT BEADS, DEFLATE, RE-LUBRICATE AND
RE-INFLATE. OVER INFLATION MAY CAUSE THE
BEAD TO BREAK AND CAUSE SERIOUS PERSONAL
INJURY.
Tire Repair
There are many different materials on the market used to
repair tires.
Manufacturers have published detailed instructions on
how and when to repair tires. These instructions can be
obtained from the tire manufacturer if they are not
included with the repair kit.
Wheel Inspection
Damaged wheels and wheels with excessive run-out
must be replaced.
Wheel run out at rim (Base on hub Bore):
Aluminum
1± Vertical play: Less than 0.55 mm (0.022 in)
2± Horizontal play: Less than 0.55 mm (0.022 in)
480RS012
General Balance Procedure
Deposits of mud, etc. must be cleaned from the inside of
the rim.
The tire should be inspected for the following: match
mount paint marks, bent rims, bulges, irregular tire wear,
proper wheel size and inflation pressure. Then balance
according to the equipment manufacturer's
recommendations.
There are two types of wheel and tire balance.
Static balance is the equal distribution of weight around
the wheel.
Assemblies that are statically unbalanced cause a
bouncing action called tramp. This condition will
eventually cause uneven tire wear.

3F±8INTELLIGENT SUSPENSION
INTERMITTENT CONDITIONS
If the Warning Lamp flashes a diagnostic trouble code as
intermittent, or if after a test drive a DTC does not
reappear though the detection conditions for this DTC are
present: the problem is most likely a faulty electrical
connection or loose wiring. Terminals and grounds should
always be the prime suspect. Intermittents rarely occur
inside sophisticated electronic components such as the
Control Unit.
Use the DTC information to understand which wires and
sensors are involved.
When an intermittent problem is encountered, check
suspect circuits for:
1. Poor terminal to wire connection.
2. Terminals not fully seated in the connector body
(backed out).
3. Improperly formed or damaged terminals.
4. Loose, dirty, or corroded ground connections:
HINT: Any time you have an intermittent in more than
one circuit, check whether the circuits share a
common ground connection.
5. Pinched or damaged wires.
6. Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI):
HINT: Check that all wires are properly routed away
from spark plug wires, distributor wires, coil, and
generator. Also check for improperly installed
electrical options, such as lights, 2-way radios, etc.
BULB CHECK
When the starter switch is turned on in the normal state,
the Control Unit turns on the Warning Lamp to check the
bulb. After the engine starts, the Warning Lamp turns off.
F03RY00003
DTC CHECK
1. Diagnosis Trouble Codes (DTC) have been identified
by FLASHING CODES.
2. You have written the list of the DTC. The order of the
malfunctions has no meanings for this Control Unit.
Usually only one or two malfunctions should be set for
a given problem.
3. Check directly the DTCs you identified. The DTC are
sorted by number:
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES.

INTELLIGENT SUSPENSION3F±25
DTC6 Stop Lamp Switch Open Circuit or Short
Circuit Description
The brake switch is used to indicate brake pedal status.
The normally opened brake switch signal voltage circuit is
opened.
Brake switch supplies a B+ signal on circuit RED to the
control unit when the brakes are applied. The control unit
uses this signal to work dive control when the brakes are
applied.
Diagnostic Aids

Inspect the wiring for poor electrical connections at
the control unit and brake switch. Look for possible
bent, backed out, deformed or damaged terminals.
Check for weak terminal tension as well. Also check
for a chafed wire that could short to bare metal or
other wiring. Inspect for a broken wire inside the
insulation.

When diagnosing for a possible intermittent short or
open condition, move the wiring harness while
observing test equipment for a change.

Check customer driving habits and/or unusual driving
conditions (i.e. stop and go, highway).

Check brake switch for proper mounting and
adjustment.
DTC6 Stop Lamp Switch Open Circuit or Short
StepActionValue(s)Ye sNo
11. With the engine ªoffº, turn the ignition switch ªonº. If
ABS code is set, check applicable fuse.
2. Apply then release the brake pedal.
Does the brake lamp come on when the brake pedal is
applied and does it come off when the brake pedal is
released?
Ð
Go to
Diagnostic
Aids
Go to Step 2
21. Connect the test light to ground.
2. Back probe ignition feed circuit terminal I±31
terminal 1 at the brake switch.
Is the test light ªonº?
ÐGo to Step 3Go to Step 4
31. Connect the test light to ground.
2. Back probe circuit terminal I±31 terminal 4 at the
brake switch.
Is the test light ªoffº?
ÐGo to Step 7Go to Step 5
4Repair the open in battery feed circuit terminal I±31
terminal 1 to the brake switch.
If fuse is open, check circuit terminal I±31 terminal 4 for
a short to ground.
Is the replacement complete?
ÐGo to Step 13Ð
5Disconnect brake switch connector I±31 and ignition
switch ªonº.
Is the test light ªonº?
ÐGo to Step 8Go to Step 6
6Check the brake switch short (I±31 terminal 1 and I±31
terminal 4).
Was a problem found?
ÐGo to Step 9Go to Step 10
7Check circuit terminal I±31 terminal 4 for a short to
voltage.
Ignition switch ªonº.
Is the test light ªonº?
ÐGo to Step 8Go to Step 10
81. Disconnect the control unit connector C±44.
2. Check circuit terminal I±31 terminal 4 for a short to
voltage.
Was a problem found?
ÐGo to Step 13Go to Step 10

DIFFERENTIAL (REAR)4A2±3
Diagnosis
Many noises that seem to come from the rear axle
actually originate from other sources such as tires, road
surface, wheel bearings, engine, transmission, muffler, or
body drumming. Investigate to find the source of the
noise before disassembling the rear axle. Rear axles, like
any other mechanical device, are not absolutely quiet but
should be considered quiet unless some abnormal noise
is present.
To make a systematic check for axle noise, observe the
following:
1. Select a level asphalt road to reduce tire noise and
body drumming.
2. Check rear axle lubricant level to assure correct level,
and then drive the vehicle far enough to thoroughly
warm up the rear axle lubricant.
3. Note the speed at which noise occurs. Stop the
vehicle and put the transmission in neutral. Run the
engine speed slowly up and down to determine if the
noise is caused by exhaust, muffler noise, or other
engine conditions.
4. Tire noise changes with different road surfaces; axle
noises do not. Temporarily inflate all tires to 344 kPa
(50 psi) (for test purposes only). This will change
noise caused by tires but will not affect noise caused
by the rear axle.
Rear axle nose usually stops when coasting at
speeds under 48 km/h (30 mph); however, tire noise
continues with a lower tone. Rear axle noise usually
changes when comparing pull and coast, but tire
noise stays about the same.
Distinguish between tire noise and rear axle noise by
noting if the noise changes with various speeds or
sudden acceleration and deceleration. Exhaust and
axle noise vary under these conditions, while tire
noise remains constant and is more pronounced at
speeds of 32 to 48 km/h (20 to 30 mph). Further check
for tire noise by driving the vehicle over smooth
pavements or dirt roads (not gravel) with the tires at
normal pressure. If the noise is caused by tires, it will
change noticeably with changes in road surface.
5. Loose or rough front wheel bearings will cause noise
which may be confused with rear axle noise; however,
front wheel bearing noise does not change when
comparing drive and coast. Light application of the
brake while holding vehicle speed steady will often
cause wheel bearing noise to diminish. Front wheel
bearings may be checked for noise by jacking up the
wheels and spinning them or by shaking the wheels to
determine if bearings are loose.
6. Rear suspension rubber bushings and spring
insulators dampen out rear axle noise when correctly
installed. Check to see that there is no link or rod
loosened or metal±to±metal contact.7. Make sure that there is no metal±to±metal contact
between the floor and the frame.
After the noise has been determined to be in the axle, the
type of axle noise should be determined, in order to make
any necessary repairs.
Gear Noise
Gear noise (whine) is audible from 32 to 89 km/h (20 to 55
mph) under four driving conditions.
1. In drive under acceleration or heavy pull.
2. Driving under load or under constant speed.
3. When using enough throttle to keep the vehicle from
driving the engine while the vehicle slows down
gradually (engine still pulls slightly).
4. When coasting with the vehicle in gear and the throttle
closed. The gear noise is usually more noticeable
between 48 and 64 km/h (30 and 40 mph) and 80 and
89 km/h (50 and 55 mph).
Bearing Noise
Bad bearings generally produce a rough growl or grating
sound, rather than the whine typical of gear noise.
Bearing noise frequently ªwow±wowsº at bearing rpm,
indicating a bad pinion or rear axle side bearing. This
noise can be confused with rear wheel bearing noise.
Rear Wheel Bearing Noise
Rear wheel bearing noise continues to be heard while
coasting at low speed with transmission in the neutral.
Noise may diminish by gentle braking. Jack up the rear
wheels, spin them by hand and listen for noise at the
hubs. Replace any faulty wheel bearings.
Knock At Low Speeds
Low speed knock can be caused by worn universal joints
or a side gear hub counter bore in the cage that is worn
oversize. Inspect and replace universal joints or cage and
side gears as required.
Backlash Clunk
Excessive clunk on acceleration and deceleration can be
caused by a worn rear axle pinion shaft, a worn cage,
excessive clearance between the axle and the side gear
splines, excessive clearance between the side gear hub
and the counterbore in the cage, worn pinion and side
gear teeth, worn thrust washers, or excessive drive pinion
and ring gear backlash. Remove worn parts and replace
as required. Select close±fitting parts when possible.
Adjust pinion and ring gear backlash.

4A2±12DIFFERNTIAL (REAR)
3. By using the seal installer J±37263, install a new oil
seal (1) that has grease on seal lip.
425RS004
4. Install flange.
5. The pinion washer and a new nut while holding the
pinion flange with J±8614±01.

Tighten the nut until the pinion end play is just taken
up. Rotate the pinion while tightening the nut to seat
the bearings. Once there is not end play in the
pinion, the preload torque should be checked.

Remove J±8614±01. Using an inch-pound torque
wrench, check to make sure the pinion preload is
equal to or slightly over the reading recorded during
removal.
425RW018
6. Install propeller shaft to the frange.
7. Install bolt and nut. Tighten the bolt and nut to the
specified torque.
Torque: 63 N´m (46 lb ft)

4A2±22DIFFERNTIAL (REAR)
425RW018Preload should be at 1.0 to 1.6 N´m (8 to 14 in lbs.)
on new bearings, or 0.46 to 0.69 N´m (4 to 6 in lbs.)
for used bearings.

If the preload torque is below the preloads given
above, continue torquing the nut in small
increments. Check the preload after each
tightening. Each tightening increases the bearing
preload by several pounds. If the bearing preload is
exceeded, the pinion will have to be removed, and a
new collapsible spacer installed.

Once a preload of 1.0 to 1.4 N´m (8 to 12 in lbs.)
has been obtained, rotate the pinion several times
to assure that the bearings have seated. Recheck
the preload, and adjust if necessary.
Determination of Backlash & Preload
Shims
1. Install master side bearings onto the case.
2. Install differential assembly into the carrier.
3. Install the bearing cap and finger tight bolts.
4. Set up the dial indicator.
5. Force the differential assembly away from the pinion
gear until it is completely seated against the cross
bore face of the carrier.
6. With force still applied to the differential case, place
the tip of dial indicator on a machined surface of the
differential case, if available, or on the head of a ring
gear screw, and set the indicator at zero(0).
7. Force the ring gear to mesh with the pinion gear. Rock
the ring gear slightly to make sure the gear teeth are
meshed. Repeat this procedure several times until
the same reading is obtained each time. Be sure the
indicator reads zero(0) each time the ring gear is
forced back into contact with the cross bore face. This
reading will be the necessary amount of shims to be
placed between the differential case and side bearing
cone on the ring gear side.8. The remaining amount of shims, which is the
difference between the overall found in step 6 of Side
Bearing Pre-load Adjustment and step(7) above,
should be placed on the other side of the differential
case, plus additional 0.38 mm (0.015 in) for obtaining
preload and backlash.
9. Place the required amount of shims on each hub as
determined in the previous steps and assemble side
bearing cone by using installer J±21784 and handle
J±8592.
425RW022
10. Total torque to rotate Ð Increase of pinion torque to
rotate due to differential case assembly shall not
exceed 3.4 N´m (30 in lbs.) divided by the gear ratio.
11. Assembly the spreader J±24385±B and indicator to
the carrier as shown in figure. Spread the carrier
0.5 mm (0.02 in) for differential installation.
420RW004
CAUTION: Do not spread the carrier over 0.5 mm
(0.02 in).
12. Remove the indicator.

4A2±28DIFFERNTIAL (REAR)
4. Assemble clutch pack unloading tool .
a. Install cap J±34174±1 to the bottom differential
side gear.
b. Install threaded screw cap J±34174±2 to top
differential side gear. Thread forcing screws
J±22342±15 into threaded screw cap until it
becomes centered into the bottom cap.
901RW153
c. Tighten forcing screw until tight enough to collapse
dished spacers and allow looseness between side
and pinion mate gears.
5. Both pinion mate gear thrust washers using a shim
stock (1) of 0.51 mm (0.020 in.) or equivalent tool to
push out washers.
425RW007
6. Relieve tension of dished spacers by loosening
forcing screw.NOTE:

You may have to adjust the forcing screw slightly to
allow the case to rotate.
7. Assemble LSD service adapter J±39834 onto long
drive handle J±8592.Insert it into differential shaft
hole of case. Pull on handle and rotate case until
pinion mate gears can be removed.
901RW068
8. Remove pinion mate gears.
9. Hold side gear top clutch pack (1) with one hand and
remove positraction unloading tools.
425RW008
10. Remove top side gear and clutch pack.
NOTE:

Keep the stack of plates and discs intact and in
exactly the same position while they are being
removed.
11. Remove case from holder. Turn case with flange or
ring gear side up to allow side gear and clutch pack to
be removed from case.

DRIVE LINE CONTROL SYSTEM (TOD) 4B2±12
Indication During Transition of Shift Rod
When the TOD switch is turned, and the signals from the
AXLE switch do not comply with the signal conditions of
the 4H and 4L switch, the indicator lamp state selected on
the TOD switch and light-off mode are repeatedly output
at an interval of 1.0 second.NOTE: After the TOD switch is turned to the specified
position and the AXLE switch generates compliant
signals, the normal output status is returned.
C07R100010
Bulb Check
When the starter switch is turned on, the TOD indicator
lamps go on as shown below.NOTE: Once the starter switch is turned on, all the TOD
indicator lamps are lit for two seconds even if the TOD
switch is in any position.
C07RW016

DRIVE LINE CONTROL SYSTEM (TOD) 4B2±14
Diagnosis
General Information Diagnosis
The troubles on TOD are classified into the group that can
be identified by the lighting status of the TOD indicator
lamps and those that can be recognized as abnormal
phenomena of the vehicle by the driver.
The troubles that can be identified by the lighting status of
the TOD indicator lamps are examined by the procedures
ªDiagnosis from Trouble Codesº and ªTrouble Diagnosis
Depending on The Status of TOD Indicatorº. The troubles
that can be recognized as abnormal phenomena of the
vehicle by the driver are examined by the procedure
ªDiagnosis from symptomº.
Self-diagnosis
The control unit has a function of self-diagnosis. If a
trouble occurs in the course of system startup, the control
unit blinks the CHECK lamp and saves the trouble code.
C07RW021
NOTE: If an intermittent fault occurs, the control unit
stops blinking upon removal of the fault. The trouble code
is saved to the control unit.