brake fluid ISUZU TROOPER 1998 Service Service Manual

POWER ASSISTED BRAKE SYSTEM 5C – 65
UNIT REPAIR
MASTER CYLINDER
The master cylinder is not repairable and must be
replaced as complete assembly if found defective.
INSPECTION
Excessive brake pedal travel, malfunction or dragging
brake suggests that the master cylinder is defective.
In such cases perform the following visual check.
Visual check
Make parts replacement as required if wear,
distortion, nicks, cuts, corrosion, or other abnormal
conditions are found through the following parts
inspection;
•Master cylinder body
•Fluid reservoir
•O-ring
Primary piston
FUNCTIONAL INSPECTION OF MASTER
CYLINDER PISTON
Push the primary piston with your fingers to check
that it travels smoothly. If the motion is questionable,
replace the master cylinder as a complete assembly.
FUNCTIONAL INSPECTION OF MASTER
CYLINDER
Inspect the master cylinder for function as follows. If
any abnormal function is found, replace with a new
one.
Primary piston holder: 5-8840-2306-0 (J-39242)
(including master cylinder attachment and master
cylinder plug)
•Install the primary piston holder onto the master
cylinder with the spacer (2 bolts) with its adjusting
bolt screwed in up to the “0” line.
Master cylinder
Spacer
5-8840-2306-0
Primary piston holder"0" line
"5" line

6B±6
ENGINE COOLING
Draining and Refilling Cooling
System
Before draining the cooling system, inspect the system
and perform any necessary service to ensure that it is
clean, does not leak and is in proper working order. The
engine coolant (EC) level should be between the ªMINº
and ªMAXº lines of reserve tank when the engine is cold.
If low, check for leakage and add EC up to the ªMAXº line.
There should not be any excessive deposit of rust or
scales around the radiator cap or radiator filler hole, and
the EC should also be free from oil.
Replace the EC if excessively dirty.
1. Completely drain the cooling system by opening the
drain plug (2) at the bottom of the radiator.
110RW002
2. Remove the radiator cap.
WARNING: T O AV O I D T H E D A N G E R O F B E I N G
BURNED, DO NOT REMOVE THE CAP WHILE THE
ENGINE AND RADIATOR ARE STILL HOT.
SCALDING FLUID AND STEAM CAN BE BLOWN OUT
UNDER PRESSURE.
3. Disconnect all hoses from the EC reserve tank.
Scrub and clean the inside of the reserve tank with
soap and water. Flush it well with clean water, then
drain it. Install the reserve tank and hoses.
4. Refill the cooling system with the EC using a solution
that is at least 50 percent antifreeze but no more than
70 percent antifreeze.
5. Fill the radiator to the base of the filler neck.
Fill the EC reserve tank to ªMAXº line when the engine
is cold.
6. Block the drive wheels and firmly apply the parking
brake. Shift an automatic transmission to ªPº (Park)
or a manual transmission to neutral.
7. Remove the radiator cap. Start the engine and warm
it up at 2,500 ~ 3,000 rpm for about 30 minutes.
8. When the air comes out from the radiator filler neck
and the EC level has gone down, replenish with the
EC. Repeat this procedure until the EC level does not
go down. Then stop the engine and install the radiator
cap. Let the engine cool down.9. After the engine has cooled, replenish with EC up to
the ªMAXº line of the reserve tank.
10. Start the engine. With the engine running at 3,000
rpm, make sure there is no running water sound from
the heater core (behind the center console).
11. If the running water sound is heard, repeat steps 8 to
10.

ENGINE ELECTRICAL6D1±3
a. VOLTAGE DOES NOT DROP BELOW THE
MINIMUM LISTED IN THE TABLE ± The battery is
good and should be returned to service.
b. VOLTAGE IS LESS THAN MINIMUM LISTED ±
Replace battery.
ESTIMATED TEMPERATURE
MINIMUM
VOLTAGE

F
CV
70219.6
60169.5
50109.4
4049.3
30±19.1
20±78.9
10±128.7
0±188.5
The battery temperature must be estimated by feel
and by the temperature the battery has been
exposed to for the preceding few hours.
Battery Charging
Observe the following safety precautions when charging
the battery:
1. Never attempt to charge the battery when the fluid
level is below the lower level line on the side of the
battery. In this case, the battery must be replaced.
2. Pay close attention to the battery during charging
procedure.
Battery charging should be discontinued or the rate of
charge reduced if the battery feels hot to the touch.
Battery charging should be discontinued or the rate of
charge reduced if the battery begins to gas or spew
electrolyte from the vent holes.
3. In order to more easily view the hydrometer blue dot
or ring, it may be necessary to jiggle or tilt the battery.
4. Battery temperature can have a great effect on
battery charging capacity.
5. The sealed battery used on this vehicle may be either
quick charged or slow charged in the same manner as
other batteries.
Whichever method you decide to use, be sure that
you completely charge the battery. Never partially
charge the battery.
Jump Starting
Jump Starting with an Auxiliary (Booster)
Battery
CAUTION: Never push or tow the vehicle in an
attempt to start it. Serious damage to the emission
system as well as other vehicle parts will result.Treat both the discharged battery and the booster
battery with great care when using jumper cables.
Carefully follow the jump starting procedure, being
careful at all times to avoid sparking.
WARNING: FAILURE TO CAREFULLY FOLLOW THE
JUMP STARTING PROCEDURE COULD RESULT IN
THE FOLLOWING:
1. Serious personal injury, particularly to your eyes.
2. Property damage from a battery explosion, battery
acid, or an electrical fire.
3. Damage to the electronic components of one or both
vehicles particularly.
Never expose the battery to an open flame or electrical
spark. Gas generated by the battery may catch fire or
explode.
Remove any rings, watches, or other jewelry before
working around the battery. Protect your eyes by wearing
an approved set of goggles.
Never allow battery fluid to come in contact with your eyes
or skin.
Never allow battery fluid to come in contact with fabrics or
painted surfaces.
Battery fluid is a highly corrosive acid.
Should battery fluid come in contact with your eyes, skin,
fabric, or a painted surface, immediately and thoroughly
rinse the affected area with clean tap water.
Never allow metal tools or jumper cables to come in
contact with the positive battery terminal, or any other
metal surface of the vehicle. This will protect against a
short circuit.
Always keep batteries out of reach of young children.
Jump Starting Procedure
1. Set the vehicle parking brake.
If the vehicle is equipped with an automatic
transmission, place the selector level in the ªPARKº
position.
If the vehicle is equipped with a manual transmission,
place the shift lever in the ªNEUTRALº position.
Turn ªOFFº the ignition.
Turn ªOFFº all lights and any other accessory
requiring electrical power.
2. Look at the built±in hydrometer.
If the indication area of the built±in hydrometer is
completely clear, do not try to jump start.
3. Attach the end of one jumper cable to the positive
terminal of the booster battery.
Attach the other end of the same cable to the positive
terminal of the discharged battery.
Do not allow the vehicles to touch each other. This will
cause a ground connection, effectively neutralizing
the charging procedure.
Be sure that the booster battery has a 12 volt rating.

6E±17 ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
PCM Pinouts
PCM Pinout Table, 32-Way Red Connector ± Row ªAº
TS23344
PINPIN FunctionWire ColorIGN ONENG RUNRefer To
A15 Volt Reference ªAºRED5.0 V5.0 VAppropriate Sensor
A2Knock SensorYEL0.0 V DC
2mV AC0.0 V DC
18mV AC
(at idle)General Description and
Operation, Knock Sensor
A3Not UsedÐÐÐÐ
A4Battery FeedWHTB+B+Chassis Electrical
A5Idle Air Control (IAC) ªAº
HighBLUB+/0.8 VB+/0.8 VGeneral Description and
Operation, IAC
A6IAC ªAº LowBLU/WHTB+/0.8 VB+/0.8 VGeneral Description and
Operation, IAC
A7IAC ªBº LowBLU/BLKB+/0.8 VB+/0.8 VGeneral Description and
Operation, IAC
A8IAC ªBº HighBLU/REDB+/0.8 VB+/0.8 VGeneral Description and
Operation, IAC
A9Automatic Transmission
Fluid (ATF) LampORN/BLUB+B+Automatic Transmission
(4L30E)
A10Winter LampPNK/GRNB+B+Automatic Transmission
(4L30E)
A11Power LampGRY/WHTB+B+Automatic Transmission
(4L30E)
A12Antilock Brake System
(ABS)GRYB+B+Antilock Brake System
A13Malfunction Indicator
(Check Engine or MIL)
LampBLU0.0 VB+Chassis Electrical
A14ªCheck Transmissionº
Lamp Driver (AT)ORN/BLKB+B+Chassis Electrical
Up Shift Lamp Driver (MT)ORN/BLU

6E±27 ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
PCM Pinout Table, 32-Way Blue Connector ± Row ªFº
TS23346
PINPIN FunctionWire ColorIGN ONENG RUNRefer To
F1Not UsedÐÐÐÐ
F2Transmission Range
Signal ªCºBLU/BLK0.0 V0.0 VAutomatic Transmission
(4L30E)
F3Transmission Range
Signal ªPºYEL/GRNB+0.0 VAutomatic transmission
(4L30E)
F4Brake SwitchGRN/YEL0.0 V0.0 VAutomatic transmission
(4L30E)
F5Power SwitchPPL/REDB+B+Automatic Transmission
(4L30E)
F6Winter SwitchPPL/GRNB+B+Automatic Transmission
(4L30E)
F7Transmission Fluid
TemperatureRED/BLK0.5-4.9 V
(depends on
temperature)0.5-4.9 V
(depends on
temperature)Automatic Transmission
(4L30E)
F8Manifold Absolute
Pressure (MAP)GRY/BLK3.5-4.9 V
(depends on
altitude and
barometric
pressure)0.6-1.3 VGeneral Description and
Operation, Manifold Absolute
Pressure
F9Not UsedÐÐÐÐ
F10Cruise ControlGRY/BLUB+B+Automatic transmission
(4L30E)
F11Kickdown SwitchLT BLUB+B+Automatic Transmission
(4L30E)
F12DIAGORN/BLUB+B+Ð
F13Injector ªCº Cylinder #3GRNB+B+General Description and
Operation, Fuel Injector
F14Shift ªAº SolenoidBRN/REDB+B+Automatic Transmission
(4L30E)
F15Injector Cylinder #5GRN/BLKB+B+General Description and
Operation, Fuel Injector
F16Ignition Feed (1 of 2 E16)RED/BLUB+B+Ð

ENGINE ELECTRICAL 6D1 Ð 3
BATTERY CHARGING
Observe the following safety precautions when
charging the battery:
1. Never attempt to charge the battery when the
fluid level is below the lower level line on the
side of the battery. In this case, the battery
must be replaced.
2. Pay close attention to the battery during the
charging procedure.
Battery charging should be discontinued or the
rate of charge reduced if the battery feels hot to
the touch.
Battery charging should be discontinued or the
rate of charge reduced if the battery begins to
gas or spew electrolyte from the vent holes.
3. In order to more easily view the hydrometer
blue dot or ring, it may be necessary to jiggle or
tilt the battery.
4. Battery temperature can have a great effect on
battery charging capacity.
5. The sealed battery used on this vehicle may be
either quick-charged or slow-charged in the
same manner as other batteries.
Whichever method you decide to use, be sure
that you completely charge the battery. Never
partially charge the battery.
JUMP STARTING
JUMP STARTING WITH AN AUXILIARY
(BOOSTER) BATTERY
CAUTION:
Never push or tow the vehicle in an attempt to
start it. Serious damage to the emission system
as well as other vehicle parts will result.
Treat both the discharged battery and the
booster battery with great care when using
jumper cables. Carefully follow the jump
starting procedure, being careful at all times to
avoid sparking.
WARNING:
Failure to carefully follow the jump starting
procedure could result in the following:
1. Serious personal injury, particulaly to
your eyes.
2. Property damage from a battery explo-
sion, battery acid, or an electrical fire.
3. Damage to the electronic components of
one or both vehicles particularly. Never expose the battery to an open flame or elec-
trical spark. Gas generated by the battery may catch
fire or explode.
Remove any rings, watches, or other jewelry before
working around the battery. Protect your eyes by
wearing an approved set of goggles.
Never allow battery fluid to come in contact with
your eyes or skin.
Never allow battery fluid to come in contact with
fabrics or painted surfaces.
Battery fluid is a highly corrosive acid.
Should battery fluid come in contact with your
eyes, skin, fabric, or a painted surface, immediately
and thoroughly rinse the affected area with clean
tap water.
Never allow metal tools or jumper cables to come
in contact with the positive battery terminal, or any
other metal surface of the vehicle. This will protect
against a short circuit.
Always keep batteries out of the reach of young
children.
JUMP STARTING PROCEDURE
1. Set the vehicle parking brake.
If the vehicle is equipped with an automatic
transmission, place the selector lever in the
ÒPARKÓ position.
If the vehicle is equipped with a manual trans-
mission place the shift lever in the ÒNEUTRALÓ
position.
Turn ÒOFFÓ the ignition.
Turn ÒOFFÓ all lights and any other accessory
requiring electrical power.
2. Look at the built-in hydrometer.
If the indication area of the built-in hydrometer
is completely clear, do not try to jump start.
3. Attach the end of one jumper cable to the posi-
tive terminal of the booster battery.
Attach the other end of the same cable to the
positive terminal of the discharged battery.
Do not allow the vehicles to touch each other.
This will cause a ground connection, effectively
neutralizing the charging procedure.
Be sure that the booster battery has a 12 volt
rating.
4. Attach one end of the remaining cable to the
negative terminal of the booster battery.
Attach the other end of the same cable to a
solid engine ground (such as the A/C com-
pressor bracket or the generator mounting
bracket) of the vehicle with the discharged bat-
tery.
This ground connection must be at least 450
mm (18 in) from the battery of the vehicle
whose battery is being charged.
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE

ENGINE ELECTRICAL 6D – 3
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
BATTERY CHARGING
Observe the following safety precautions when
charging the battery:
1. Never attempt to charge the battery when the fluid
level is below the lower level line on the side of the
battery. In this case, the battery must be replaced.
2. Pay close attention to the battery during the
charging procedure.
Battery charging should be discontinued or the rate
of charge reduced if the battery feels hot to the
touch.
Battery charging should be discontinued or the rate
of charge reduced if the battery begins to gas or
spew electrolyte from the vent holes.
3. In order to more easily view the hydrometer blue
dot or ring, it may be necessary to jiggle or tilt the
battery.
4. Battery temperature can have a great effect on
battery charging capacity.
5. The sealed battery used on this vehicle may be
either quick-charged or slow-charged in the same
manner as other batteries.
Whichever method you decide to use, be sure that
you completely charge the battery. Never partially
charge the battery.
JUMP STARTING
JUMP STARTING WITH AN AUXILIARY
(BOOSTER) BATTERY
CAUTION: Never push or tow the vehicle in an
attempt to start it. Serious damage to the emission
system as well as other vehicle parts will result.
Treat both the discharged battery and the booster
battery with great care when using jumper cables.
Carefully follow the jump starting procedure, being
careful at all times to avoid sparking.
WARNING: Failure to carefully follow the jump
starting procedure could result in the following:
1. Serious personal injury, particularly to your
eyes.
2. Property damage from a battery explosion,
battery acid, or an electrical fire.
3. Damage to the electronic components of one or
both vehicles.
Never expose the battery to an open flame or electrical
spark. Gas generated by the battery may catch fire or
explode. Remove any rings, watches, or other jewelry
before working around the battery. Protect your eyes by
wearing an approved set of goggles.
Never allow battery fluid to come in contact with your
eyes or skin.
Never allow battery fluid to come in contact with fabrics
or painted surfaces.
Battery fluid is a highly corrosive acid.Should battery fluid come in contact with your eyes,
skin, fabric, or a painted surface, immediately and
thoroughly rinse the affected area with clean tap water.
Never allow metal tools or jumper cables to come in
contact with the positive battery terminal, or any other
metal surface of the vehicle. This will protect against a
short circuit.
Always keep batteries out of the reach of young
children.
JUMP STARTING PROCEDURE
1. Set the vehicle parking brake.
If the vehicle is equipped with an automatic
transmission, place the selector lever in the “PARK”
position.
If the vehicle is equipped with a manual
transmission place the shift lever in the “NEUTRAL”
position.
Turn “OFF” the ignition.
Turn “OFF” all lights and any other accessory
requiring electrical power.
2. Look at the built-in hydrometer.
If the indication area of the built-in hydrometer is
completely clear, do not try to jump start.
3. Attach the end of one jumper cable to the positive
terminal of the booster battery.
Attach the other end of the same cable to the
positive terminal of the discharged battery.
Do not allow the vehicles to touch each other.
This will cause a ground connection, effectively
neutralizing the charging procedure.
Be sure that the booster battery has a 12 volt rating.
4. Attach one end of the remaining cable to the
negative terminal of the booster battery.
Attach the other end of the same cable to a solid
engine ground (such as the A/C compressor
bracket or the generator mounting bracket) of the
vehicle with the discharged battery.
This ground connection must be at least 450 mm
(18 in) from the battery of the vehicle whose battery
is being charged.
WARNING: Never attach the end of the jumper
cable directly to the negative terminal of the dead
battery.
5. Start the engine of the vehicle with the good battery.
Make sure that all unnecessary electrical
accessories have been turned “OFF”.
6. Start the engine of the vehicle with the dead battery.
7. To remove the jumper cables, follow the above
directions in the reverse order.
Be sure to first disconnect the negative cable from
the vehicle with the discharged battery.

7A±10
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION (4L30±E)
Checking Transmission Fluid Level
and Condition
Checking fluid level and condition (color and odor) at
regular intervals will provide early diagnosis information
about the transmission. This information may be used to
correct a condition that, if not detected early, could result
in major transmission repairs.
IMPORTANT:When new, automatic transmission fluid
is red in color. As the vehicle is driven, the transmission
fluid will begin to look darker in color. The color may
eventually appear light brown.
A dark brown color with burnt odor may indicate
excessive fluid deterioration and signal a need for fluid
change.
Fluid Level
When adding or changing fluid, use only DEXRON )±III.
Refer to Maintenance and Lubrication in General
Information section for maintenance information and
servicing interval.
CAUTION: DO NOT OVERFILL.
Overfilling will cause foaming, loss of fluid, abnor-
mal shifting and possible damage to the transmis-
sion.
1. Park the vehicle on level ground and apply the parking
brake firmly.
2. Check fluid level with engine running at idle.
NOTE: Be sure that transmission fluid temperature is
below 30
C (86
F).
3. Move the selector lever through all gear ranges.
4. Move the selector lever to ªParkº.
5. Let engine idle for 3 minutes and open the overfill
screw (1).
6. Add released transmission fluid until it flows out over
the overfill screw opening.
7. Let engine idle until a fluid temperature between 32
C
(90
F) and 57
C (135
F) is reached, then close the
overfill screw (1).
Torque: 38 Nwm (3.9 kg´m/28 lb ft)
NOTE: To prevent fluid leaks, the overfill screw and oil
drain screws gasket must be replaced each time these
screws are removed.NOTE: Check transmission fluid temperature with scan
tool.
Minimum fluid level " 57
C (135
F)
Maximum fluid level " 32
C (90
F)
242RW003
CAUTION: Do not open overfill screw with engine
stopped.
CAUTION: DO NOT CHECK FLUID LEVEL UNDER
THESE CONDITIONS:

Immediately after driving at sustained highway
speeds.

In heavy city traffic during hot weather.

If vehicle is towing a trailer.
If the vehicle has been operated under these conditions,
shut the engine off and allow the vehicle to ªcoolº for thirty
(30) minutes. After the cool down period, restart the
vehicle and continue from step 2 above.

7A±13 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION (4L30±E)
Mechanical / Hydraulic Diagnosis Symptoms Index
Perform Preliminary Inspection First!
CHART
SYMPTOMS
1NO ENGINE START IN NEUTRAL OR PARK
2NO FORWARD GEARS IN ANY RANGE/NO REVERSE
3NO ENGINE BRAKE IN ANY RANGE
4POOR SHIFTING IN ALL GEARS (ALL HARSH OR ALL SOFT)
5aDELAYS IN DRIVE AND REVERSE
5bDELAYS IN REVERSE ONLY
6DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) P0730
7HARSH 1±2 SHIFT
8HARSH 3±4 SHIFT
9a3±2 DOWNSHIFT COMPLAINT
9bHARSH SHIFT WHEN SHIFTING INTO ªDº OR ACCELERATING FROM STOP
9cCOASTDOWN HARSH SHIFT OR CLUNK AT 3±2 DOWNSHIFT
10INTERMITTENT 4TH TO 2ND GEAR DOWNSHIFT AT STEADY SPEED
11ENGINE FLARE AT SHIFTING DURING TURNING ONLY
12ENGINE FLARE DURING 1±2 OR 2±3 SHIFT
13SHUDDER ONLY DURING TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH (TCC) APPLYING
14POSSIBLE CAUSES OF TRANSMISSION NOISE
15aPOSSIBLE CAUSES OF LOW LINE PRESSURE
15bPOSSIBLE CAUSES OF HIGH LINE PRESSURE
16POSSIBLE CAUSES OF TRANSMISSION FLUID LEAKS
NOTE: Numbers with parenthesis on the following charts
refer to Parts List at end of this section.
Chart 1: No Engine Start In Neutral Or Park
StepActionYe sNo
1Does engine start when shift lever moved from drive to neutral
mostly in hot condition?
Go to Step 2Go to Step 3
2Does engine start in park at any condition?Re±test vehicleGo to Step 4
3Does engine also not start in neutral when shift lever moved from
park to neutral?
Go to Step 4Go to Step 5
4Check mode switch (63) setting. Readjust if necessary.
Problems fixed?
Re±test vehicleGo to Step 5
5Check start circuit of mode switch (63) open in neutral.
Was open found?Locate and repair
open(s)Replace mode
switch (63)

7A±23 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION (4L30±E)
Stall Test
The stall test allows you to check the transmission for
internal abrasion and the one way clutch for slippage.
Torque converter performance can also be evaluated.
The stall test results together with the road test results will
identify transmission components requiring servicing or
adjustment.
Stall Test Procedure:
1. Check the level of the engine coolant, the engine oil,
and the automatic transmission fluid. Replenish if
necessary.
2. Block the wheels and set the parking brake.
3. Connect a tachometer to the engine.
4. Start the engine and allow it to idle until the engine
coolant temperature reaches 70 ± 80
C (158 ±
176
F).
5. Hold the brake pedal down as far as it will go.
6. Place the selector in the ªDº range.
7. Gradually push the accelerator pedal to the floor.
The throttle valve will be fully open.
Note the engine speed at which the tachometer
needle stabilizes.
Stall Speed : 2,100 +150 rpm
NOTE: Do not continuously run this test longer than 5
seconds.
8. Release the accelerator pedal.
9. Place the selector in the ªNº range.
10. Run the engine at 1,200 rpm for one minute.
This will cool the transmission fluid.
11. Repeat Steps 7 ± 10 for the ª3º, ª2º, ªLº and ªRº
ranges.
Line Pressure Test
The line pressure test checks oil pump and control valve
pressure regulator valve function. It will also detect oil
leakage.
Line Pressure Test Procedure:
1. Check the level of the engine coolant, the engine oil,
and the automatic transmission fluid.
Replenish if required.
2. Block the wheels and set the parking brake.
3. Remove the pressure detection plug at the left side of
the transmission case.
Set 5±8840±0004±0 pressure gauge and adapter to
the pressure detection plug hole.
241RS001
4. Start the engine and allow it to idle until the engine
coolant temperature reaches 70 ± 80
C (158 ±
176
F).
5. Hold the brake pedal down as far as it will go.
6. Place the selector in the ªDº range.
7. Note the pressure gauge reading with the engine
idling.
8. Gradually push the accelerator pedal to the floor. The
throttle valve will be fully open.
Note the pressure gauge reading with the accelerator
pedal fully depressed.
NOTE: Do not continuously run this test longer than 5
seconds.
9. Release the accelerator pedal.
10. Place the selector in the ªNº range.
11. Run the engine at 1,200 rpm for one minute.
This will cool the transmission fluid.
12. Repeat Steps 7 ± 11 for the ª3º, ª2º, ªLº, and ªRº
ranges.
13. Install a pressure detection plug to the transmission
case, applying recommended thread locking agent
(LOCTITE 242) or its equivalent to thread of plug.
Make sure that thread is cleaned before applying
locking agents.
14. Tighten the pressure detection plug to the specified
torque.
Torque: 9 ± 14N´m (0.9 ± 1.4 kg´m/7 ± 10 lb ft)