windshield wipers JEEP CHEROKEE 1994 Service Repair Manual

ELECTRICAL
GROUP INDEX
Group Group
AUDIO SYSTEMS....................... 8F
BATTERY/STARTER/GENERATOR SERVICE . . 8B
BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEMS
DIAGNOSTICS........................ 8A
CHIME/WARNING BUZZER SYSTEM....... 8U
HORNS............................... 8G
IGNITION SYSTEMS.................... 8D
INSTRUMENT PANEL AND GAUGES........ 8E
LAMPS............................... 8L
OVERHEAD CONSOLE................... 8CPOWER LOCKS........................ 8P
POWER MIRRORS...................... 8T
POWER SEAT.......................... 8R
POWER WINDOWS..................... 8S
REAR WINDOW DEFOGGER.............. 8N
TURN SIGNALS AND HAZARD WARNING
FLASHERS........................... 8J
VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM....... 8H
WINDSHIELD WIPERS AND WASHERS..... 8K
WIRING DIAGRAMS.................... 8W
BATTERY/STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEMS DIAGNOSTICS
CONTENTS
page page
BATTERY TEST PROCEDURES............. 2
ENGINE STARTER MOTOR TEST
PROCEDURES ON VEHICLE.............. 9GENERATOR TEST PROCEDURES ON
VEHICLE............................. 14
IGNITION OFF DRAW (IOD) DIAGNOSIS...... 8
USING ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM.... 19
GENERAL INFORMATION
The battery, starting, and charging systems oper-
ate with one another, and therefore, must be thor-
oughly tested as a complete system. In order for the
vehicle to start and charge properly, it must have a
battery that will perform to specifications. The
starter motor, generator, wiring, and electronics also
must perform within specifications. Group 8A covers
starting (Fig. 1) and charging (Fig. 2) system diag-
nostic procedures. These procedures include the most
basic conventional methods to On-Board Diagnostics
(OBD) built into the Powertrain Control Module
(PCM). Use of an ammeter, volt/ohmmeter, battery
charger, carbon pile rheostat (load tester), and 12-
volt test lamp will be required.
All OBD sensing systems are monitored by the
PCM. The PCM will store in memory any detectable
failure in the monitored circuits. Refer to Using On-
Board Diagnostic System in this group for more in-
formation.
Fig. 1 Starting System Components (Typical)
JELECTRICAL 8A - 1

WINDSHIELD WIPERS
CONTENTS
page page
WIPER CONTROL SWITCH REPLACEMENT . . 15
WIPER SWITCH TESTING................ 19XJ .................................... 1
YJ .................................... 8
XJ
INDEX
page page
Diagnosing Rear Wiper..................... 6
Diagnosing Rear Wiper Washer.............. 6
Diagnosing Windshield Washer (Intermittent)..... 5
Diagnosing Windshield Washer (Non-Intermittent) . 4
Diagnosing Windshield Wipers............... 11
Front Wipers/Washers...................... 1
Intermittent Wiper Module................... 5
Liftgate Wiper............................ 5Liftgate Wiper Switch Replacement............ 6
Rear Wiper/Washer Switch Testing............ 7
Torque Specifications XJ.................... 7
Washer Pump Replacement................. 6
Washer Pump ReplacementÐLeft Hand Drive.... 2
Washer Pump ReplacementÐRight Hand Drive . . 3
Windshield Wiper Motor.................... 2
FRONT WIPERS/WASHERS
GENERAL
Two-speed electric windshield wipers and electric
washers are standard equipment. An optional inter-
mittent wiper system provides a pause between wipe
cycles for use during conditions of very light precipi-
tation.
The windshield wipers can be operated with the
windshield wiper switch only when the ignition
switch is in the ON or ACCESSORY position. A cir-
cuit breaker located in the fuse block protects the cir-
cuitry of the wiper system.
WIPERS
The standard windshield wiper circuit contains
three components; wiper/washer switch, motor, and
front washer pump. Both standard and intermittent
circuits are the same, except that the intermittent
circuit requires a module and delay resistance in the
wiper switch. Both circuits receive battery feed from,
and are protected by a 5.5 amp circuit breaker.
In the standard wiper circuit, the switch connects
the motor directly to battery feed for low and high
speed operation. In the intermittent circuit, the
switch supplies battery feed to the intermittent wiper
module, which then supplies the motor. In the delay
position, the module is connected with the variable
resistor in the wiper switch. The value of the resis-tance is used by the module to charge a capacitor,
which triggers the amount of delay between wipes.
The wiper motor has an arrangement of brushes
providing the two wiper speeds. When the wipers are
turned off, the park switch maintains current to the
motor until the wipers reach the park position on the
windshield.
The park arm in the motor assembly is connected
to the park switch and is driven by the motor. When
the wiper switch is turned off, current flows through
the contact and the module to the motor until the
wipers reach the park position.
CAUTION: The wiper arms and blades must not be
moved manually from side to side or damage may
result.
WASHERS
With the washer switch ON, current flows through
the washer pump to ground. The front washer pump
runs as long as the driver holds the switch ON. On
standard wipers, the washer switch automatically
moves the wiper switch to LO when the washer is
turned on. On intermittent wipers, the wiper module
runs the wiper motor on LO. Turning the switch to
OFF stops the wipers.
If the washer knob is depressed while the wiper
switch is in the OFF position, the wiper control will
operate for approximately 3 wipes and automatically
turn OFF.
JWINDSHIELD WIPERS 8K - 1

WINDSHIELD WIPER MOTOR
REMOVAL
(1) Remove wiper arm assemblies by lifting blade
off windshield and pulling out on the tab (Fig. 1) to
lock wiper arm in UP position.
(2) Remove cowl trim panel. Disconnect the washer
hose. Remove the cowl mounting bracket attaching
nuts (Fig. 2) and pivot pin attaching screws.
(3) Disconnect wiring harness and remove the as-
sembly.
(4) Remove the plastic motor cover.
(5) Remove bolts and nuts holding motor to link-
age and remove motor.
The wiper motor is shrouded in a protective
rubber boot. Care should be taken not to punc-
ture the boot during removal or installation.
INSTALLATION
(1) Install motor to linkage.
(2) Install wiper motor and linkage assembly into
the cowl cavity.(3) Position cowl mounting bracket and install the
attaching nuts. Install pivot pin attaching screws.
Tighten the screws and nuts to 4 Nzm (35 in. lbs.)
torque.
(4) Connect the wire harness.
(5) Connect the washer hose and install cowl trim
panel.
(6) Install the wiper arm assemblies and position
as shown (Fig. 3).
WASHER PUMP REPLACEMENTÐLEFT HAND
DRIVE
(1) Remove 2 washer reservoir attaching screws
(Fig. 4) and 1 nut (Fig. 5).
Fig. 1 Wiper Arm Removal
Fig. 2 Pivot Assembly Removal
Fig. 3 Windshield Wiper Arm Installation
Fig. 4 Washer Reservoir Upper Attaching Screws
8K - 2 WINDSHIELD WIPERSJ

(2) Disconnect hose from pump(s) (Fig. 6).
(3) Drain washer reservoir.
(4) Using a deep socket, remove filter nut(s) from
bottom inside reservoir and remove pump.(5) Reverse the removal procedure to install a new
pump(s).
WASHER PUMP REPLACEMENTÐRIGHT HAND
DRIVE
(1) Remove 3 washer reservoir mounting screws
(Fig. 7).
(2) Disconnect hose from pumps.
(3) Drain washer reservoir.
(4) Using a deep socket, remove filter nuts from
bottom inside of reservoir and remove pump.
(5) Reverse the removal procedures to install a
new pump.
DIAGNOSING WINDSHIELD WIPERS
(1) Remove in-line circuit breaker near fuse block
and turn ignition switch to ACCESSORY or ON.
²Measure voltage at battery side of circuit breaker
cavity. Meter should read battery voltage. If not, re-
pair wiring from ignition switch.
²Measure resistance across circuit breaker termi-
nals. Meter should read zero ohms. If not, replace
failed circuit breaker.
(2) Unplug wiper motor side wiring harness con-
nector from wiper switch side harness connector
(non-intermittent), or from intermittent wiper mod-
ule at base of steering column. Turn ignition switch
to ACCESSORY or ON.
Fig. 5 Washer Reservoir Lower Attaching Nut
Fig. 6 Washer Reservoir and PumpsÐTypical Left
Hand Drive
Fig. 7 Washer Reservoir and Pump
JWINDSHIELD WIPERS 8K - 3

²Measure voltage at unplugged wiper motor side
harness connector terminal D. Meter should read
battery voltage. If not, repair wiring from circuit
breaker.
²Turn ignition switch to OFF and measure resis-
tance from unplugged wiper motor side harness con-
nector terminal G to ground. Meter should read zero
ohms. If not, repair wiring to ground.
(3) Leave ignition switch in OFF, and back probe
wiring harness connector at wiper motor (Fig. 8).
Measure resistance from terminal 4 of wiper motor
side of connector to ground. Meter should read zero
ohms. If not, repair wiring to ground.
(4) If equipped with intermittent wipers, turn igni-
tion switch to ACCESSORY or ON. Turn wiper
switch to LOW or HIGH. Unplug wiring harness con-
nector (wiper switch side) from intermittent wiper
module. Then plug both connectors that have been
removed from intermittent wiper module into each
other.
CAUTION: DO NOT move the wiper switch to DE-
LAY with the intermittent wiper module removed
from the circuit. If the switch is moved to the DE-
LAY position during the next step, the switch will
be damaged.
²Test wiper operation in LOW and HIGH speed
modes, and test washer operation. If these modes
were inoperative, but are OK now, replace failed in-
termittent wiper module.
(4) To test the wiper/washer switch, see Wiper
Switch Testing. Turn ignition switch to OFF. Posi-
tion the wiper switch as indicated, and back probe
switch side of wiper switch connector. If switch tests
OK, go to step 5. If not, replace switch and go to step
6.
(5) To further test the wiper/washer switch, turn
ignition switch to ACCESSORY or ON. Position the
wiper switch as indicated in the tests below, and
back probe switch side of wiper switch connector.
²Measure voltage at terminal E with wiper switch
in LOW, MIST and with washer switch depressed.
Meter should read battery voltage. If not, replace
switch.
²Measure voltage at connector terminal C with
wiper switch in HIGH. Meter should read battery
voltage. If not, replace switch.
²With wiper switch in LOW or HIGH, measure
voltage at connector terminal F, then move wiper
switch to OFF. Meter shold read battery voltage un-
til wipers park and then zero volts. If OK, go to step
6. If not, check wiring to wiper motor, then go to step
6.
(6) To test the wiper motor, turn the ignition
switch to ACCESSORY or ON. Position the wiper
switch and back probe the motor connector (Fig. 8) as
indicated.²Wiper switch in any position, measure voltage at
terminal 1. Meter should read battery voltage. If not,
repair wiring from circuit breaker.
²Wiper switch in LOW, measure voltage at termi-
nal 5. Meter should read battery voltage. If OK, but
wipers do not operate, replace failed wiper motor. If
not, repair wiring from switch or intermittent wiper
module connector.
²Wiper switch in HIGH, measure voltage at termi-
nal 6. Meter should read battery voltage. If OK, but
wipers do not operate, replace failed wiper motor. If
not, repair wiring from switch or intermittent wiper
module connector.
²Wiper switch in LOW or HIGH, voltmeter con-
nected to terminal 2. Turn wiper switch to OFF and
observe meter. Meter should read battery voltage
when switch goes to OFF, then zero volts after wip-
ers park. If battery voltage is present, but wipers fail
to park; or, if no battery voltage present, replace
failed wiper motor.
DIAGNOSING WINDSHIELD WASHER (NON-
INTERMITTENT)
(1) Unplug washer pump connector.
²Measure resistance between terminal A at pump
and a clean chassis ground. Meter should read zero
ohms. If not, repair open to ground.
(2) Turn ignition switch to ACCESSORY and
washer switch to ON.
²Measure voltage at washer pump connector termi-
nal B. Meter should read battery voltage. If OK, re-
place washer pump. If not, go to next step.
Fig. 1 Windshield Wiper Connector
8K - 4 WINDSHIELD WIPERSJ

²Measure voltage at wiper/washer switch connector
terminal B. Meter should read battery voltage. If
OK, repair open to washer pump. If not, replace
switch.
DIAGNOSING WINDSHIELD WASHER
(INTERMITTENT)
(1) Unplug washer pump connector.
²Measure resistance between terminal B at pump
and a clean chassis ground. Meter should read zero
ohms. If not, repair open to ground.
(2) Turn ignition switch to ACCESSORY and
washer switch to ON.
²Measure voltage at wipe module switch connector
terminal B (pink wire). Meter should read battery
voltage. If not, replace wiper switch.
²Measure voltage at wipe module motor connector
terminal B (brown wire). Meter should read battery
voltage. If not, replace module.
²Measure voltage at washer pump connector termi-
nal A at pump. Meter should read battery voltage. If
OK, replace pump. If not, repair open from wipe
module.
INTERMITTENT WIPER MODULE
The intermittent wiper module is non-serviceable.
Refer to the wiring schematic for connector call outs.
The intermittent wiper module is attached to the
lower instrument panel cover near the steering col-
umn with a patch of velcro.
LIFTGATE WIPER
GENERAL
The rear wiper motor contains electronic controls
to provide three operating modes.
²Intermittent wipe witha5to8second delay be-
tween sweeps.
²Constant wipe that operates in conjunction with a
washer.
²Park mode that operates when ignition or rear
wiper switch is turned OFF.
The rear wiper switch is located in the instrument
panel and is supplied current when the ignition
switch is in the ON position. When the switch is
placed in the intermittent wipe position it provides
current to the rear wiper motor. When it is held in
the wash/wipe position it provides current to both the
motor and the rear washer pump. The switch is
spring loaded in the wash/wipe position.
REMOVAL
(1) Remove the wiper arm assembly from the pivot
pin by depressing the tab (Fig. 1) and pulling
straight out.
(2) Slide clip along hose until clip is off hose
mounting.
(3) Disconnect the washer hose.(4) Remove pivot pin retaining nut.
(5) Remove external bezel and seal.
(6) Remove the liftgate interior trim panel.
(7) Disconnect the wiper motor at the wiring harness.
(8) Remove the wiper motor mounting screws.
(9) Remove the wiper motor.
INSTALLATION
(1) Position the motor (Fig. 2) in the liftgate cavity
with the pivot pin protruding through the hole in the
liftgate.
Fig. 1 Rear Wiper Arm Removal
Fig. 2 Rear Wiper Motor Removal/Installation
JWINDSHIELD WIPERS 8K - 5

(2) Install the mounting screws.
(3) Connect the wiring harness.
(4) Install the pivot pin, seal, bezel and attaching
nut (Fig. 2). Torque nut to 4 Nzm (32 in. lbs.).
(5) Connect interior washer hose.
Lubricate the bezel nipples with a small amount
of water and then install the washer hoses.
(6) Install the liftgate trim panel.
(7) Install the wiper arm assembly and connect the
external washer hose to the bezel.
(8) Slide the clip along the hose until it is over
hose mount.
The blade should be parallel to window open-
ing and no closer than 5mm to window seal
when operated on a wet window (Fig. 3).
WASHER PUMP REPLACEMENT
The washer pump for the liftgate is located next to
the front washer pump on the washer reservoir in
the engine compartment. For replacement refer to
the front washer pump replacement procedure.
LIFTGATE WIPER SWITCH REPLACEMENT
(1) Remove the instrument panel bezel; see Instru-
ment Panel and Components Section for the proce-
dure.
(2) Remove the switch housing panel.
(3) Unplug the switch connector. Slightly depress
the switch mounting tabs and remove the switch
(Fig. 4).
DIAGNOSING REAR WIPER
(1) Remove and inspect 25 amp, #1 fuse. Replace
as required.
(2) Turn ignition switch to ACCESSORY and rear
wiper switch to WASH.
²Measure voltage at rear wiper switch terminal B.
Meter should read battery voltage. If not, repair open
to #1 fuse.
²Measure voltage at rear wiper switch terminals A,
C and D. Meter should read battery voltage. If not,
replace switch.(3) Turn ignition switch to ACCESSORY, place
rear wiper switch in WIPE. Measure voltage at rear
wiper switch terminal C. Meter should read battery
voltage. If not, replace switch.
(4) Remove liftgate cover and measure resistance
from rear wiper motor terminal 1 to a good ground.
Meter should read zero ohms. If not, repair open to
ground splice.
(5) Turn ignition switch to ACCESSORY and rear
wiper switch to WASH.
²Measure voltage at motor connector terminals 2, 3
and 4. Meter should read battery voltage. If OK, re-
place wiper motor. If not, repair open(s) to rear wiper
switch.
DIAGNOSING REAR WIPER WASHER
(1) Turn ignition switch to ACCESSORY and place
rear wiper/washer switch in WASH.
²Operate rear wiper motor. If motor does not oper-
ate check the 25 amp #1 fuse.
(2) Turn ignition switch to ACCESSORY and un-
plug rear washer pump connector.
²Measure resistance at pump connector terminal B
(ignition switch OFF). Meter should read zero ohms.
If not, repair open to ground.
²Measure voltage at pump connector terminal A,
switch in WASH. Meter should read battery voltage.
If OK, replace pump. If not, go to step 3.
(3) Remove switch and reconnect below instrument
panel. Backprobe switch connector with ignition
switch in ACCESSORY.
²Measure voltage at switch connector terminal B.
Meter should read battery voltage. If not, repair open
to fuse.
²Measure voltage at switch connector terminal A,
switch in WASH. Meter should read battery voltage.
If not, replace switch.
Fig. 3 Rear Wiper Arm Positioning
Fig. 4 Rear Wiper Switch
8K - 6 WINDSHIELD WIPERSJ

REAR WIPER/WASHER SWITCH TESTING TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS XJ
JWINDSHIELD WIPERS 8K - 7

YJ
INDEX
page page
Diagnosing Windshield Wipers............... 11
Diagnosing Intermittent Windshield Washer..... 12
Diagnosing Non-Intermittent Windshield Washer . 12
Diagnosing Rear Wiper/Washer.............. 14
Front Wiper Arm and Pivot Assembly Replacement . 9
Front Wiper Arm Replacement............... 8
Front Wiper Blade Replacement.............. 8
Front Wiper Motor........................ 10Front Wipers/Washers General Information...... 8
Rear Washer Pump Replacement............ 13
Rear Wiper Arm Replacement............... 12
Rear Wiper Motor Replacement.............. 13
Rear Wiper Switch Replacement............. 13
Rear Wiper/Washer Switch Testing........... 14
Washer Nozzle Replacement................ 13
Washer Pump Replacement................ 11
FRONT WIPERS/WASHERS GENERAL
INFORMATION
The non-intermittent windshield wiper circuit con-
tains three components; control switch, motor and
washer pump. The intermittent circuit contains the
same components and a wiper module that provides
the delay function. Both circuits receive battery feed
from and are protected by a 5.3 amp circuit breaker.
In the non-intermittent wiper circuit, the switch
connects the motor directly to ignition feed for low
and high speed operation. In the intermittent circuit,
the switch supplies ignition feed to the delay module,
which then supplies the motor. In the delay position,
the module is connected with the variable resistor in
the wiper switch. The value of the resistance is used
by the solid state module to charge a capacitor,
which triggers the amount of delay between wipes.
The wiper motor has an arrangement of brushes
providing the two wiper speeds. When the wipers are
turned off, the park switch maintains current to the
motor until the wipers reach the park position on the
windshield.
The washer pump receives ignition feed either di-
rectly from the wiper switch or from the intermittent
module. In either case the electric motor will drive
the washer pump.
The wiper motor is mounted on the lower left cor-
ner of the windshield.
FRONT WIPER BLADE REPLACEMENT
Rotate the wiper blade release (Fig. 1) clockwise.
This will release the wiper blade from the pivot pin.
CAUTION: Take care to ensure that the wiper arm
does not strike the windshield after the wiper blade
has been removed.
To install, place the blade assembly on the wiper
arm and snap the blade assembly into position.
FRONT WIPER ARM REPLACEMENT
(1) Pull the wiper arm forward.
(2) Insert an ice pick type tool into the hole (Fig.
2).
Fig. 1 Wiper Blade Removal
Fig. 2 Wiper Arm Removal/Installation
8K - 8 WINDSHIELD WIPERSJ

(3) Grasp the wiper arm above the pivot nut.
(4) Pull and remove the wiper arm assembly.
(5) To install, push the wiper arm over the pivot
shaft. Be sure the pivot shaft is in the park position
and the wiper arm is positioned correctly on the
windshield (Fig. 3).
FRONT WIPER ARM AND PIVOT ASSEMBLY
REPLACEMENT
REMOVAL
(1) Remove the left and right wiper arms.
(2) Remove the nuts attaching the pivots to the
windshield frame.
(3) Remove the necessary hard or soft top compo-
nents from the windshield frame.
(4) Remove the windshield holddown bolts in the
lower corners of the instrument panel and fold the
windshield forward.
(5) Remove wiper motor mounting screws (Fig. 4).
(6) Disconnect wiper linkage drive arm (Fig. 5).
(7) Remove motor wiring clip from base of wind-
shield frame.
(8) Remove 4 inboard screws holding seal to bot-
tom of windshield frame (protruding screw ends in-
terfere with pivot link removal and installation).
(9) Grasp motor and pull motor and drive arm out
of access hole (Fig. 6).
(10) Remove pivot shaft assembly through access
hole.
(11) Pry drive arm off the motor pivot. DO NOT
remove pivot attaching nut (Fig. 7).
INSTALLATION
(1) Install wiper linkage drive arm onto motor
(Fig. 8).
(2) Install pivot shaft assembly in windshield
frame.
(3) Install motor and drive arm in windshield
frame.
(4) Install weatherstrip screws.
(5) Connect wiper linkage drive arm to pivot shaft
(Fig. 9).
Fig. 3 Wiper Arm Positioning
Fig. 4 Remove Wiper Motor Mounting Screws
Fig. 5 Disconnect Drive Arm
JWINDSHIELD WIPERS 8K - 9