LAND ROVER DEFENDER 1996 Workshop Manual

57STEERING
4
REPAIR POWER STEERING BOX
Service repair no - 57.10.01
NOTE: A chassis undertray may be fitted
on some vehicle derivatives to conform to
legal requirements. When under chassis
remove and refit procedures are required, it may
be necessary to remove the undertray
See
CHASSIS AND BODY, Repair, Front undertray
.
General precautions
·Whenever any part of system, is removed or
disconnected, utmost cleanliness must be
observed.
·Disconnected ports and hoses must be
plugged to prevent ingress of dirt. If metal
sediment is found in system, establish cause,
rectify and flush system.
·Do not start engine until reservoir is full as
pump will be damaged.
·Metric pipe fittings are used with 'O' ring pipe
ends on fittings to steering box.
·Follow normal 'O' ring replacement procedure
whenever pipes are disconnected.
·Ensure compatible metric components when
fitting replacement pipes.
CAUTION: After refitting steering linkage
parts follow correct procedure to ensure
that road wheels, steering box and
steering wheel are correctly positioned relative to
each other when in straight ahead condition.
NOTE: When drag link is disconnected
from steering box, travel available at
steering wheel to each full lock is not
equal.
Remove
1.Site vehicle on level surface.
2.Apply park brake, chock rear wheels, raise
vehicle and locate axle stands. Alternatively,
raise vehicle on a hoist.
3.Remove road wheel.
4.Remove panhard rod
See FRONT
SUSPENSION, Repair, Panhard rod
.
5.Disconnect steering damper from drag link.
6.Disconnect drag link from drop arm, see J6305
on opposite page, using a suitable extractor.
7.Slacken, but do not remove nut securing tie bar
to mounting arm.8.Remove 2 bolts securing tie bar to steering box
and move aside.
9.Remove filler cap from power steering fluid
reservoir.
10.Position suitable container under steering box.
11.Disconnect feed and return pipes from steering
box and drain fluid.
12.Plug open pipes and steering box ports to
prevent ingress of dirt. Refit fluid reservoir filler
cap.
13.Centralise steering
See Centralise steering
box
.
14.Remove pinch bolt securing lower shaft
universal joint to power steering box.
15.Remove 4 bolts and 2 tab washers securing
steering box to chassis side member.
16.Withdraw steering box.
17.Clean all mounting faces, unions etc. prior to
refitting.
Refit
18.Position steering box to chassis side member,
ensuring locating peg is engaged. Fit tab
washers and tighten bolts to
81 Nm (60 lbf/ft).
19.Fit pinch bolt and nut securing universal joint to
power steering box spline. Tighten to
25 Nm (18
lbf/ft).
20.Secure tie bar to mounting arm and steering box.
Tighten fixings to
81 Nm (60 lbf/ft),starting with
tie bar to mounting nut, then loosen fixings by
one complete turn.
21.Check steering box and adjust if necessary
See
Adjustment, Power steering box - adjust
.
22.Refit drag link to drop arm and tighten nut to
40
Nm (30 lbf/ft).
Fit new split pin to retaining nut.

STEERING
5
REPAIR REV: 05/99
23.Fit panhard rodSee FRONT SUSPENSION,
Repair, Panhard rod
.
24.Fit road wheels. Lower vehicle to ground and
tighten wheel nuts to correct torque:
Alloy wheels - 130 Nm (96 lbf/ft)
Steel wheels - 100 Nm (80 lbf/ft)
Heavy duty wheels - 170 Nm (125 lbf/ft)
25.Remove plugs and refit feed and return pipes to
steering box. Tighten 16mm thread to
20 Nm (15
lbf/ft),
14mm thread to15 Nm (11 lbf/ft).
26.Remove filler cap. Fill reservoir to oil level mark
on dipstick, using recommended fluid
See
LUBRICANTS, FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES,
Information, Recommended lubricants and
fluids
.
27.Bleed power steering system
See Power
steering system - bleed
.
28.Recheck fluid level and replace cap.
29.With engine running, test steering system for
leaks by holding steering in both full lock
directions.
CAUTION: Do not maintain this pressure
for more than 30 seconds in any one
minute, to avoid oil overheating and
possible seal damage.
30.Test drive vehicle: using both full lock directions,
to settle steering components. If possible, drive
vehicle over uneven ground and include harsh
braking.
WARNING: Do not test drive vehicle on
public highway.
31.Drive vehicle in a straight line on level ground
and stop.
32.Tighten tie bar to mounting nut to
110 Nm (81
lbf/ft).
33.Tighten tie bar to steering box fixings to81 Nm
(60 lbf/ft).
34.Ensure steering wheel is correctly aligned when
wheels are positioned straight ahead.
35.If necessary, reposition steering wheel
See
Steering wheel
.
36.Road test vehicle.

57STEERING
6
REPAIR POWER STEERING SYSTEM - BLEED
Service repair no - 57.15.02
1.Check that fluid level is at maximum level
See
MAINTENANCE , Under bonnet maintenance.
2.Run engine to normal operating temperature.
3.Recheck reservoir fluid level, top up if necessary
NOTE: During operations 4 to 6, maintain
maximum fluid level in reservoir. Do not
increase engine speed or move steering
wheel.
4.With engine at idle speed, slacken bleed screw.
When fluid seeps past bleed screw retighten
screw.
5.Check fluid level.
6.Clean away fluid around bleed screw.
7.Check hose connections, pump and steering box
for fluid leaks by holding steering on full lock in
both directions.
CAUTION: Do not maintain this pressure
for more than 30 seconds in any one
minute to avoid overheating fluid and
possibly damaging seals.
8.Carry out road test.POWER STEERING FLUID RESERVOIR
Service repair no - 57.15.08
Remove
1.Position drain tin beneath reservoir.
2.Slacken mounting bracket clamp bolt and raise
reservoir to gain access to feed and return hose
retaining clips.
3.Slacken clips, disconnect hoses from reservoir,
allow fluid to drain.
4.Remove reservoir.
CAUTION: Plug connections to prevent
ingress of dirt.
CAUTION: Discard fluid drained from
system. Do not allow fluid to contact
paintwork, if spilled, remove fluid and
clean area with warm water.
Refit
5.Position reservoir, connect feed and return
hoses and tighten clips to
3 Nm (2 lbf/ft).
6.Fit reservoir in clamp, tighten clamp bolt.
7.Fill reservoir between upper mark and end of
dipstick with power steering fluid
See
MAINTENANCE , Under bonnet maintenance
.
8.Bleed power steering system
See Power
steering system - bleed
.

STEERING
7
REPAIR POWER STEERING PUMP
Service repair no - 57.20.14
Remove
NOTE: A chassis undertray may be fitted
on some vehicle derivatives to conform to
legal requirements. When under chassis
remove and refit procedures are required, it may
be necessary to remove the undertray
See
CHASSIS AND BODY, Repair, Front undertray
.
1.Disconnect battery.
2.Remove viscous fan unit
See COOLING
SYSTEM, Repair, Viscous coupling and fan
.
3.Restrain steering pump pulley, slacken but do
not remove 3 bolts securing pulley.
4.Remove drive belt
See ELECTRICAL, Repair,
Auxiliary drive belt
.
5.Remove bolts and remove pulley.
6.Position suitable container beneath steering
pump.
7.Slacken retaining clip and disconnect return
hose from steering pump.
8.Disconnect high pressure pipe from steering
pump.
9.Allow steering fluid to drain into container.
CAUTION: Plug all connections to prevent
ingress of dirt.
10.Remove 4 bolts securing steering pump bracket
to engine auxiliary mounting bracket.
11.Remove pump and bracket assembly.
12.Remove 3 bolts and detach mounting bracket
from pump.
Refit
13.Fit mounting bracket to replacement steering
pump. Tighten bolts to
9 Nm (7 lbf/ft).
14.Fit pump and bracket to auxiliary mounting
bracket. Tighten bolts to
35 Nm (26 lbf/ft).
15.Connect high pressure feed pipe to steering
pump and tighten to
20 Nm (15 lbf/ft).
16.Connect return hose to steering pump. Tighten
retaining clip to
3 Nm (2 lbf/ft).
17.Position pulley to steering pump, coat threads of
bolts with Loctite 242; fit but do not fully tighten
bolts.
18.Fit drive belt
See ELECTRICAL, Repair,
Auxiliary drive belt
.
19.Restrain steering pump pulley, tighten bolts to
10
Nm (7lbf/ft).
20.Fit viscous fan unitSee COOLING SYSTEM,
Repair, Viscous coupling and fan
.
21.Bleed power steering system
See Power
steering system - bleed
.
POWER STEERING PUMP DRIVE BELT
Service repair no - 57.20.02
NOTE: For details of drive belt remove and
refit
See ELECTRICAL, Repair, Auxiliary
drive belt
.

57STEERING
8
REPAIRREV: 05/99 LOWER STEERING SHAFT AND UNIVERSAL
JOINTS
Service repair no - 57.40.16
Remove
1.Remove vehicle bonnet.
2.Set road wheels and steering wheel in straight
ahead position.
3.Mark relationship of steering column inner shaft
to top universal joint.
4.Remove 2 bolts from top universal joint.
5.Remove lower bolt from bottom universal joint.
6.Slacken upper bolt of lower universal joint and
withdraw shaft.
7.Inspect upper and lower universal joints for wear
and excessive play, renew if necessary.
8.Inspect universal joints for stiffness, lubricate if
necessary.Refit
9.Fit universal joints so pinch bolt holes line up
with flat on shaft. Note that the long joint is fitted
to short length of shaft and short joint to long
end.
10.With steering lock engaged and road wheels in
straight ahead position, line up assembly marks.
11.Position shaft assembly onto steering column.
Move assembly up spline to enable lower
universal joint to fit onto steering box splines.
12.Align bolt holes with grooves in splines. Fit pinch
bolts and tighten to
25 Nm (18 lbf/ft).
STEERING WHEEL
Service repair no - 57.60.01
Remove
1.Set road wheels and steering wheel in straight
ahead position.
2.Prise decal from steering wheel pad.
3.Remove retaining nut and shakeproof washer.
Make alignment marks on column and wheel
pad.
4.Withdraw steering wheel from column spline.
Refit
5.Turn indicator cancelling ring so that slots are
vertical and lug with arrow points to the left, in
direction of indicator switch.
6.Ensure front road wheels are in straight ahead
position.
7.Fit steering wheel with finisher attachment lug at
the bottom, ensuring indicator cancelling forks
locate in cancelling ring slots. Align assembly
marks.
8.Secure wheel with retaining nut and new
shakeproof washer. Tighten to
43 Nm (32 lbf/ft).

STEERING
9
REPAIR REV: 05/99 STEERING COLUMN LOCK
Service repair no - 57.40.28
Remove
1.Disconnect battery.
2.Set road wheels in straight ahead position.
3.Remove steering wheel
See Steering wheel.
4.Remove instrument panel
See INSTRUMENTS,
Repair, Instrument panel
.
5.Remove steering column nacelle
See Steering
column nacelle
.
6.Note position of harness leads on back of starter
switch and disconnect lucars. If fitted, remove
alarm system passive coil from switch
See
ELECTRICAL, Repair, Vehicle immobilisation
and alarm system
.
7.Using a punch or stud extractor remove 2 shear
bolts securing steering lock/starter switch to
column.
8.Remove steering lock and collect 2 washers
between lock and clamp.
Refit
9.Fit steering lock/switch in position and line up
with switch plunger.
10.Secure lock to column with clamp and new shear
bolts. Evenly tighten bolts but do not shear them.
11.Temporarily fit steering wheel and operate lock
and switch mechanism to ensure it functions
correctly.
12.Fully tighten retaining bolts until heads shear.
13.Connect harness leads to rear of starter switch.
If applicable, fit alarm system passive coil
See
ELECTRICAL, Repair, Vehicle immobilisation
and alarm system
.14.Fit steering column nacelle
See Steering
column nacelle
.
15.Fit instrument panel
See INSTRUMENTS,
Repair, Instrument panel
.
16.Fit steering wheel
See Steering wheel.
17.Reconnect battery.

57STEERING
10
REPAIR STEERING COLUMN NACELLE
Service repair no - 57.40.29
Remove
1.Disconnect battery.
2.Remove steering wheel
See Steering wheel.
3.Remove 5 screws and 2 self tapping screws and
lift top half of nacelle from steeering column
switch assembly.
4.Ease bottom half of nacelle from switch
gaiters/grommets. Remove lower nacelle.
Refit
5.Locate top half of nacelle in position and fit to
switch assembly gaiters/grommets.
6.Locate lower half of nacelle and loosely fit
retaining screws.
7.Ensure switch gaiters/grommets are correctly
located and nacelle is aligned with switch
assembly brackets.
8.Fully tighten screws.
9.Fit steering wheel
See Steering wheel.
10.Reconnect battery.DROP ARM
Service repair no - 57.50.14
Remove
1.Park vehicle on level surface and chock rear
wheels.
2.Raise vehicle and locate axle stands or use a
ramp.
3.Disconnect steering damper from drag link
See
Steering damper
.
4.Disconnect drag link ball joint from drop arm
using extractorLRT-57-018.
5.Mark drop arm and steering box for reassembly.
6.Bend back tabs on locking washer, slacken
retaining nut, but do not remove.
7.Fit extractorLRT-57-012and release drop arm
from steering box spline.

STEERING
11
REPAIR 8.Remove nut and discard locking washer.
9.Remove drop arm.
Refit
10.Centralise steering box
See Adjustment,
Centralise steering box
.
11.Align reassembly marks and fit drop arm onto
steering box splines.
12.Fit new tab washer and retaining nut. Tighten to
176 Nm (130 lbf/ft)and bend over tab washer.
13.Fit drag link to drop arm. Tighten ball joint nut to
40 Nm (30 lbf/ft).
14.Remove axle stands or vehicle from ramp.

57STEERING
12
REPAIR STEERING DAMPER
Service repair no - 57.55.21
Remove
1.Park vehicle on level ground and chock rear
wheels.
2.Raise vehicle and locate axle stands or use a
ramp.
3.Remove bolt securing steering damper to drag
link bracket.
4.Remove retaining nuts, washers and rubber
bush securing damper to chassis mounting.
5.Withdraw damper.
6.Check rubber bushes and washers, renew if
necessary.Refit
7.Ensuring rubber bushes and washers are
correctly positioned, fit steering damper to
chassis mounting.
8.Fit damper to drag link bracket.
9.Remove axle stands or vehicle from ramp.

STEERING
13
REPAIR REV: 05/99 TRACK ROD AND LINKAGE
Service repair no - 57.55.09
Remove
1.Park vehicle on level ground and chock rear
wheels.
2.Raise vehicle and locate axle stands or use a
ramp.
3.Centralise steering
See Adjustment,
Centralise steering box
.
4.Unscrew 2 bolts and remove track rod protection
bracket from axle differential housing.
5.Remove split pin and castellated nut securing
track rod to swivel housing arms.
6.Disconnect track rod ball joints using
LRT-57-018.
7.Remove track rod.
8.Slacken clamp bolts.
9.Unscrew ball joints.